內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)赤峰市寧城縣天義中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高二英語測試題含解析

內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)赤峰市寧城縣天義中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高二英語測試題含解析一、選擇題1.Newdiscoverieshavebeenmadebyradiotelescopestosolvekeyphysicsproblems,__________thelargestisFAST.A.withwhich

B.forwhich

C.ofwhich

D.bywhich參考答案：C考查定語從句。句意：用來解決物理學(xué)重大難題的射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡已有新的發(fā)現(xiàn)。其中最大的難題是FAST.Problems是先行詞，of表示所屬關(guān)系。“________manypeoplesaythatlifeistheartofliving,Ibelievethatlifeistheartofdrawingwithoutaneraser,”saidChristine,CEOoftheGreaterChinadivisionfromabankinSingapore.A.Once

B.Since

C.While

D.If【答案】C【解析】考查連詞詞意辨析。句意：一家新加坡銀行大中華分行的CEO，克里斯蒂娜說;“雖然許多人說人生即生活的藝術(shù)，但我認(rèn)為人生是沒有皮擦的繪畫藝術(shù)。”根據(jù)句意是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，選C。2.Haveyougotafreeeveningnextweek?______,let’shavedinner.A.Whileso

B.Sinceso

C.Whenso

D.Ifso參考答案：D3.“What

frighteningexperience!”thewomanwhosurvivedtheearthquakesaidwithfrightenedlookonherface.A.a;a

B.不填;a

C.不填;不填

D.a;不填參考答案：A4.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_____thenextyear. A.carryout B.carryingout C.carriedout

D.tocarryout參考答案：C略5.

________and

the

mousewascaught.A.

Up

the

cat

jumped

B.

The

cat

up

jumped

C.

Up

jumped

the

cat

D.

Jumped

up

the

cat

參考答案：C6.Theorganizationserves_________morethan3,000childrenwhowouldnothave

______tomusiceducation.

A./;access

B.for;appreciation

C.by;absence

D./;approval參考答案：A略7.Itisreportedthatarecalled“publicschools”aredecreasinginthatcountry.

A.what

B.as

C.which

D.that參考答案：A8.I________downtoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.A.wasdriving

B.havedrivenC.woulddrive

D.drove參考答案：D句意：我開著車去倫敦的路上發(fā)現(xiàn)走錯(cuò)路了。本題考查bedoingsthwhen結(jié)構(gòu)表示“正在做某事，這時(shí)…”。根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)一致原則，可知這里用過去式，故選A。9.Thesoupwascold,butitwas______anexcellentmeal.A.yet B.already

C.otherwise D.therefore參考答案：C10.TheyareleavingforHangzhouintendays--____,nextFriday.

A.inotherwords

B.inmanyways

C.onthewhole

D.onthecontrary參考答案：A11.Schoolsshouldbelivelyplaceswhereindividualsareencouragedto

totheirgreatestpotential.A.accelerate B.improve C.perform D.develop參考答案：D12.Inthefaceof______failure,itisthemostimportanttokeepup_____goodstateofmind.

A./;a

B.a;/

C.the;/

D./;the參考答案：A略13.Histiredfacesuggestedthathe________reallytiredafterthelongwalk.A.hadbeen

B.shouldbe

C.be

D.was參考答案：D14.When

tostrongsunlight,babiestendtoincreasetemperature,

nervousandanxious.A.expose;felt

B.exposing;feeling

C.exposed;feeling

D.exposing;felt參考答案：C考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)暴露于強(qiáng)烈的陽光下，嬰兒往往會(huì)升高體溫，感到緊張和焦慮。句中第一空涉及到短語beexposedto，“暴露于”。本句第一空是時(shí)間狀語從句的省略，從句的主語是嬰兒babies，與主句的主語一致，省略了從句的主語，與expose是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，嬰兒是“被暴露于”陽光下，故用exposed。第二個(gè)空的邏輯主語是嬰兒babies，與feel之間是主謂關(guān)系，故第二空用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故選C項(xiàng)。15.We’relookingforaheadmaster,

whowilldevotehimselfentirelytothecauseofeducation.A.he

B.that

C.theone

D.one參考答案：D試題分析：考查代詞。句意：我們正在尋找一名校長，他要把他的一生完全奉獻(xiàn)給教育事業(yè)。此處用one代替aheadmaster，是它的同位語，后面是who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，故選D。16.Please_______thatstamp,foritisquiterarenowadays.A.turnto

B.comeupto

C.attendto

D.holdonto參考答案：D17.Theyclaimedthatinthelast50years,gasespumpedintotheEarth’satmosphere_______upthe

processofglobalwarmingandaffectingourclimate.A.hassped

B.hasbeenspeeding

C.havesped

D.havebeenspeeding參考答案：D略32.Hefoundalotof_______were_______.

A.passers-by;grown-ups

B.passers-bys;growns-up

C.passers-bys;grownups

D.passers-by;grownsup參考答案：A略二、短文改錯(cuò)19.文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。請(qǐng)按下列情況改正：此句話多一個(gè)詞：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。此句話缺一個(gè)詞：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧）,在該句話右邊寫出該加的詞。此句話錯(cuò)一個(gè)詞：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，在該詞的下邊寫出改正后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。OneafternoononApril,1912,anewshipsetofffromEnglandtoAmericaonitfirsttrip.Itwasoneofthelargestandbestshipatthattime.Itwascold,buttheshipwaspleasantandpeopleareenjoyingthemselves.Thenextdaywasevencold.Peoplecouldseeicebergshereorthere.Itwasnight,suddenly,themanonwatchshouting“l(fā)ookout!Iceberg!"Itwastoolate,ashiphittheicebergandcametoastop.Therethatwasaverybigholeintheshipandwaterbegantocome.Slowlytheshipstartedtogodown.參考答案：OneafternoononApril,1912,anewshipsetofffromEnglandtoAmericaonit

in

itsfirsttrip.Itwasoneofthelargestandbestshipatthattime.Itwascold,buttheship

shipswaspleasantandpeopleareenjoyingthemselves.Thenextdaywasevencold.People

were

coldercouldseeicebergshereorthere.Itwasnight,suddenly,themanonwatchshouting

and

shouted“Lookout!Iceberg!"Itwastoolate,ashiphittheicebergandcametoastop.There

thethatwasaverybigholeintheshipandwaterbegantocome∧.Slowlytheship去掉

instartedtogodown.

20.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,intelligentrobotswillbewideusedinthefuture.Athome,robotswillhelppeopledosomehouseworkandtakingcareoftheelderly,babiesandpatients.Inadditiontothesetask,robotswillevenbeabletoplaythechessanddoexercisewithpeople.Infactories,robotswillbeusedtoperformsomedangerousjobsavoidaccidents.Robotswillchangeourfuturelifebymanyways,whatwillmakeitmorecolor1fulandcomfortable.Therefore,weshouldn’tdependonintelligentrobotstoomuch,fortheyweremadetohelphumansratherthanreplaceus.Ashelpersofwehumans,robotsshouldbeusedproperly.參考答案：Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,intelligentrobotswillbewide

widelyusedinthefuture.Athome,robotswillhelppeopledosomehouseworkandtaking

takecareoftheelderly,babiesandpatients.Inadditiontothesetask,robotswilleven

tasksbeabletoplaythechessanddoexercisewithpeople.Infactories,robotswillbe

去掉usedtoperformsomedangerousjobs∧avoidaccidents.

toRobotswillchangeourfuturelifebymanyways,whatwillmakeitmorecolor1ful

in

whichandcomfortable.Therefore,weshouldn’tdependonintelligentrobotstoomuch,for Howevertheyweremadetohelphumansratherthanreplaceus.Ashelpersofwehumans,robots

are

usshouldbeusedproperly.【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，智能機(jī)器人將在未來得到廣泛應(yīng)用。然而，我們不應(yīng)該過多地依賴智能機(jī)器人，因?yàn)樗鼈兪怯脕韼椭祟惗皇侨〈覀兊?。作為人類的幫手，機(jī)器人應(yīng)該被正確使用?！驹斀狻?.考查副詞。副詞修飾后面的動(dòng)詞used，故把wide改成widely。2.考查動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語。句意：在家里，機(jī)器人將幫助人們做一些家務(wù)，照顧老人、嬰兒和病人。此處是與do并列的動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語，故把taking改成take。3.考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)these可知后面的名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故把task改成tasks。4.考查固定搭配。playchess下棋，故刪除the。5.考查動(dòng)詞不定式做目的狀語。句意：在工廠里，機(jī)器人將被用來做一些危險(xiǎn)的工作以避免事故。此處是動(dòng)詞不定式做目的狀語，故在jobs后加to。6.考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。inmanyways在許多方面，用許多方法。故把by改成in。7.考查定語從句。句意：機(jī)器人將以多種方式改變我們的未來生活，這將使它更加豐富多彩和舒適。此處是整個(gè)句子做先行詞，后面的非限制性定語從句用which引導(dǎo)，故把what改成which。8.考查副詞。句意：然而，我們不應(yīng)該過多地依賴智能機(jī)器人，因?yàn)樗鼈兪怯脕韼椭祟惗皇侨〈覀兊摹Ｇ昂笫且环N轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故把Therefore改成However。9.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：然而，我們不應(yīng)該過多地依賴智能機(jī)器人，因?yàn)樗鼈兪怯脕韼椭祟惗皇侨〈覀兊?。結(jié)合句意可知句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，故把were改成are。10.考查人稱代詞賓格。句意：作為人類的幫手，機(jī)器人應(yīng)該被正確使用。介詞of后面用人稱代詞賓格，humans是us的同位語。故把we改成us。三、閱讀理解21.

Cowboyorspaceman?Adilemmaforachildren’sparty,perhaps.Butalsoaquestionforeconomists,arguedKennethBoulding,aBritisheconomist,inanessaypublishedin1966.Wehaverunoureconomies,hewarned,likecowboysontheopengrassland:takingandusingtheworld’sresources,confidentthatmoreliesoverthehorizon.ButtheEarthislessagrasslandthanaspaceship—aclosedsystem,aloneinspace,carryinglimitedsupplies.Weneed,saidBoulding,aneconomicsthattakesseriouslytheideaofenvironmentallimits.Inthehalfcenturysincehisessay,anewmovementhasrespondedtohis

challenge.“Ecologicaleconomists”,astheycallthemselves,wanttorevolutioniseitsaimsandassumptions.Whatdotheysay—andwilltheirideasachievelift-off?Toitsadvocators,ecologicaleconomicsisneitherecologynoreconomics,butamixofboth.Theirstartingpointistorecognisethatthehumaneconomyispartofthenaturalworld.Ourenvironment,theynote,isbothasourceofresourcesandasinkforwastes.Butitisignoredinconventionaltextbooks,whereneatdiagramstracetheflowsbetweenfirms,householdsandthegovernmentasthoughnaturedidnotexist.Thatisamistake,sayecologicaleconomists.Therearetwowaysoureconomiescangrow,ecologicaleconomistspointout:throughtechnologicalchange,orthroughmoreintensiveuseofresources.Onlytheformer,theysay,isworthhaving.TheyaresuspiciousofGDP,acrudemeasurewhichdoesnottakeaccountofresourceexhaustion,unpaidwork,andcountlessotherfactors.Initsplacetheyadvocatemoreholistic(全面的)approaches,suchastheGenuineProgressIndicator(GPI),acomposite

index(復(fù)合指標(biāo))thatincludesthingslikethecostofpollution,deforestationandcaraccidents.WhileGDPhaskeptgrowing,globalGPIperpersonpeakedin1978:bydestroyingourenvironmentwearemakingourselvespoorer,notricher.Thesolution,saysHermanDaly,aformerWorldBankeconomistandeco-guru,isa“steady-state”

economy,wheretheuseofmaterialsandenergyisheldconstant.Mainstreameconomistsareunimpressed.TheGPI,theypointout,isasubjectivemeasure.AndtalkoflimitstogrowthhashadabadpresssincethedaysofThomasMalthus,agloomy18thcenturyclericwhopredicted,wrongly,thatoverpopulationwouldleadtofamine.Humanbeingsfindsolutionstosomeofthemostannoyingproblems.Butecologicaleconomistswarnagainstself-satisfaction.In2009apaperin

Nature,ascientificjournal,arguedthathumanactivityisalreadyoversteppingsafeplanetaryboundariesonissuessuchas

biodiversity(生物多樣性)andclimatechange.Thatsuggeststhatecologicaleconomistsareatleastaskingsomeimportantquestions,eveniftheiranswersturnouttobewrong.74.KennethBouldingandthecontentofhisessayatthebeginningofthispassagearemeantto

.A.pointouthowignorantofnaturethecowboysareB.blamehumanbeingsfortheirexploitationofnatureC.askpeopletotakeseriouslytheenvironmentlimitsD.introduceecologicaleconomistsandecologisteconomics75.Accordingtoecologicaleconomists,whatisthemistakeexistinginconventionaltextbooks?A.EcologyandeconomicsarenotmixedtogetherB.Humaneconomyisn’trecognizedaspartsofnatureC.TheenvironmenthasbothresourcesandwastesD.Diagramsconnectfirms,householdsandthegovernment76.ThecomparisonbetweenGDPandGPIdatain1978haswarnedusthat

.A.GDPiscrudemeasurethatisnotworthusingB.caraccidentshouldbyallmeansincludeinGDPC.wearegainingmaterialwealthbydestroyingnatureD.resourcesandenergywillonedaybetotallyusedup77.Whichinthefollowingwilltheauthorprobablyagree?A.theaimsandassumptionsofeconomicsneedtoberevolutionizedB.GDPandGPIshouldbebothacceptedbymainstreameconomistsC.HumanbeingscanalwaysfindsolutionstoalltheannoyingproblemsD.Ecologicaleconomists’concernsabouttheworldareworthnoticing.參考答案：DBCD74．D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段的句子““Ecologicaleconomists”,astheycallthemselves,wanttorevolutionizeitsaimsandassumptions.”可知，文章開頭提出KennethBoulding和她的論文內(nèi)容是為了介紹生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家和生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)。故選D。75．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的句子“Theirstartingpointistorecognisethatthehumaneconomyispartofthenaturalworld.”可知，生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為在傳統(tǒng)的課本中，人類的經(jīng)濟(jì)沒有被看作是自然的一部分。故選B。76．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段的句子“bydestroyingourenvironmentwearemakingourselvespoorer,notricher.”可知，1978年GDP和GPI數(shù)據(jù)的對(duì)比警告我們，我們通過毀滅自然獲得物質(zhì)財(cái)富。故選C。77．D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的句子“Thatsuggeststhatecologicaleconomistsareatleastaskingsomeimportantquestions,eveniftheiranswersturnouttobewrong.”可知，作者認(rèn)為生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家對(duì)世界的擔(dān)心是值得注意的。故選D。【備注】文章介紹生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)的概念，我們?cè)诎l(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的同時(shí)不能忽視自然。22.PlanontravelingaroundtheUSAthissummer?Ifyouneedhelpinarrangingthetrip,orwantideasaboutwheretogoandwhattodo,thereareanumberofoutstandingwebsitesthatcanmakeyourAmericandreamcometrue.TheNationalScenicBywaysProgramcovers150memorableroads.Somearenaturalroutes,suchasRoute1alongtheCaliforniacoast.Othersfocusonhistory(suchasRoute6)orman-madeattractions(theLasVegasStrip).Foreach,youareprovidedwithamap,toldtheroute’slengthandhowlongisallowed,andgivendetailedsuggestionsonsightsandThisisthebestwebsiteforreviewsofhotelsinUScitiesandresorts.Thereviewsareimpressivelythorough,coveringlocations,rooms,cleanliness,foodandsoon.Importantly,thesearenotpromotionalphotosbythehotels,butmorehonestandrealonestakenbyinspectors.Searchfacilitiesareexcellentfromthe243hotelsreviewedintheNewYork,youcannarrowdownwhatyouarelookingforbylocations,facilitiesandstyles,orjustpickoutaselectionofthebest.www.101usaholidays.co.ukThisisthelatestofferingthatfeatures101holidayideastotheUSA.It’sanimpressivelydiverseselection,rangingfromtouringinthefootstepsofMartinLutherKingtoagolfingbreakinArizonaandacyclingandwine-tastingtripinCalifornia’sNapaValley.Narrowdownwhatyouarelookingfor—whetherbyprice,region,themeandwhowillbetraveling—andthenjustthephotosoftherelevantholidaysremainonview.It’sareallycleverWaltDisneyWorldinCaliforniacanmakedreamscometrue,butthepriceisnotaffordableforthemajorityofpeople.SoturntolongestablishedM,dedicatedtogivingbigdiscountsontickets,hotelsanddiningatWaltDisneyWorld.Thewebsitealsooffersgeneralmoney