河南省鄭州市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷（含答案）

河南省鄭州市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷姓名：__________班級：__________考號(hào)：__________題號(hào)一二三四五總分評分一、第一部分閱讀理解，第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀理解TheFourMostFamousBikeTrailsintheWorldForvacationseekerswholovetoridetheirbikes,thesearethemostfamouscyclingtrailsintheworld.LaRouteVerte,CanadaRecentlycompleted,thisincrediblerouterunsthelengthofQuebecProvincefromeasttowestandfeaturesmorethan2,485milesofbicycletrailsthathavebeencarefullymarked.Theever-changingterrain(地形)makesthisthebestroutetocyclefromtheSt.LawrenceRivertothemountainsoftheLaurentides.TheKarakoramHighway,China-PakistanEasilythehighestinternationalroadintheworld,theKarakoramisalsooneofthemostbreathtakingintermsofincredibleviewsofmountainouscountryside.Thesnow-cappedKarakoramMountainsareyourconstantcompanionasyoutravelthisamazingcountryside.Therearemanyvillagesalongthewayaswell,andsomeoftheglaciers(冰川)reachtheroadway.MontVentouxandLuberon,Provence,FranceWhilethehillsofLuberonareachallengeforcyclists,therewards(回報(bào))ofvisitingancientRomanruinsarecertainlywellworththetrip.Themixtureofsun,pineforestsandbluefieldsoflavenderthatstretchonformilesisasplendidsight.ThelegendaryMontVentoux,thesightofmanygreatrunsduringtheTourdeFrance,isthehighlightofatriptothisregion.TheGreatOceanRoad,Victoria,AustraliaTheGreatOceanRoadisoneoftheengineeringwondersofthiscountry.The283-kilometerroadiswindymostofthetime,butoffersbeautifulviewsoftheoceanandamazinggeographicfeaturessuchasthefamousTwelveApostles.Ifyoudon'thavetimeforthefullrun,the60-kilometerjourneybetweenTorquayandBellsBeachcanberiddeninasingleday.1．WhatisspecialaboutLaRouteVerteA．It'sthenewestcyclingrouteamongthefourtrails.B．Ithasincredibleviewsofmountainouscountryside.C．ItmakesyouvisitancientRomanruinsduringthetrip.D．It'sthehighestinternationalcyclingroadintheworld.2．Whichtrailbestsuitspeoplewhoenjoyancientculture?A．LaRouteVerte. B．MontVentouxandLuberon.C．TheGreatOceanRoad. D．TheKarakoramHighway.3．Wherecanthetextbefound?A．Inahistorybook. B．Inageographytextbook.C．Inanartmagazine. D．Inatravelbrochure.閱讀理解ComparedwithphysicistssuchasMarieCurieorRichardFeynman,WuChien-shiungisnotahouseholdnameinChinabutshewasoneofthemostinfluentialnuclearphysicistsofthe20thcentury,onethat"completely"changedhuman'sviewoftheuniverse.Wu'sfather,WuZhongyi,foundedthefirstschoolforgirlsinTaicang,aimingtobreaktheoldideathatitwaswomen'svirtuetohavenotalents,whichhadthegreatestinfluenceonWuChien-shiung'slife.Workinginthescientificworlddominated(支配)bymen,shenevergaveuporloweredherstandardsevenifunequallytreated.AftergraduatingfromtheformerNationalCentralUniversityinNanjingin1926,WuregisteredattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeleyattheageof24tocontinueherstudyinphysics.Duringher44-yearcareerasanuclearphysicist,Wu'spioneeringachievementswonhernicknamessuchas"ChineseMadameCurie","queenofnuclearresearch"and"firstladyofphysics".ShewasthefirstwomantobepresidentofAmericanPhysicalSociety,thefirstfemalewinneroftheComstockPrizeinphysicsgivenbytheUSNationalAcademyofSciences,thefirstpersontoreceivetheWolfPrizeinphysics,thefirsthonorarydoctorateawardedbyPrincetonUniversitytoawoman,andthefirstfemaleprofessorofphysicsinthehistoryofColumbiaUniversity.Togetaccurateresultsfromexperiments,sheworkedveryharddayandnightatalaboratoryandgainedareputation(名聲)foraccuracy.Therewasasayingamongphysicists:IftheexperimentwasdonebyWu,itmustbecorrect.Shewasalwaysverycarefulinexperiments,spendingagreatdealoftimecalibrating(校準(zhǔn))instruments.Shedidn'tstartcollectingdatauntilshefullyunderstoodtheinstruments.Herexperimentsoverturnedmanypreviousexperimentalresultsandtheories,saidSamuelChaoChungTing,AmericanphysicistandNobelPrizewinner.OnFeb16,1997,WudiedintheUS.Accordingtoherwill,shewasburiedinherhometownTaicang.Shewasadistinguishedworldcitizen,andwasforeveraChinese.4．WhatinfluencedWuChien-shiungwhenshewasyoung?A．HerlifeinAmerica. B．Herinterestinphysics.C．Herfamilybackground. D．MarieCurie'sachievements.5．Whatdoestheauthorintendtoshowinparagraph3?A．Awardsareusuallygainedthroughgreatefforts.B．WuChien-shiungwas"apioneer"inmanyways.C．NoscientistswerebetterthanWuChien-shiung.D．Wecannotstresstheimportanceofphysicsenough.6．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeWuChien-shiung?A．Caringandresponsible. B．Courageousandcreative.C．Stubbornandsensitive. D．Cautiousandhardworking.7．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Aninfluentialwomannuclearphysicist.B．Animportantcontributiontophysics.C．Theinfluenceofmoderneducation.D．Nuclearresearchesinscientificworld.閱讀理解Ihavelearnedagreatmanythingsfromplayingfootball.Andithaschangedmyentireattitudetowardslife.Inmyfreshmanyearathighschool,Iwasshy,hadlowself-confidenceandturnedawayfromseeminglyimpossiblechallenges.Onthefirstdayoffreshmanpractice,theteamwarmedupwithagameoftouchfootball.However,duringthegame,Ididn'trunashardasIcould,nordidItrytoescapefrommydefender(防守者)andgetopen.ThefactofthematterwasthatIreallydidn'twanttobetheonetomakemistakesifIdroppedtheballandtheplaydidn'tsucceed.Ididn'twanttotaketheresponsibilityofhelpingtheteambecauseIwastooafraidofmakingamistake.Thataspectofmycharacterledthefirstyearofmyhighschoollife.Iavoidedaskingquestionsinclass,afraidtheymightbeconsideredtoostupidbymyclassmates.Duringmysecond-yearseason,mypositionatbackupguard(替補(bǔ)后衛(wèi))ledmetoplayinthegamessinceanotherbackupguardonmyteamwasseriouslyinjured.Fromthenon,Imademistakessometimesandwascriticised(批評)bymycoachesindeed.However,thosecriticismsdidn'tmakemyteammateslookdownuponme,buttheyhelpedmealot.AttimesImadegreatplays,forwhichIwascongratulated.Now,Ifeellikeachangedperson.Overtheyears,playingfootballhastaughtmewhatittakestosucceed.Frommonthsoftoughpractices,Ihavelearnedtoworkhard.Frommycoachesandteammates,Ihavelearnedtoworkwellwithothersinagroup.Butmostimportantly,Ihaveattainedself-confidence.Irealizethatitisnecessarytoriskfailureinordertoobtainsuccess.Now,Iwelcomethechallenge.8．Whatsortofboywastheauthorinhisearlyyearsofhighschool?A．Determined. B．Energetic. C．Alarmed. D．Adaptable.9．Whatdoyouknowabouttheteammates?A．Theywereseriouslyinjuredduringthegames.B．Theytooktheauthorasthebestbackupguard.C．Theyareunwillingtoperformwiththeauthor.D．Theyarecompletelywarm-heartedandhelpful.10．WhatwasthemostimportantthingtheauthorlearnedfromplayingfootballA．Youcannotjudgeatreebyitsbark.B．Self-confidenceisthekeytosuccess.C．Thelastdropmakesthecuprunover.D．Thereisasmallchoiceinrottenapples.11．What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetextA．Tosharehisgrowthexperience.B．Tolookbackuponhisschooldays.C．Toexpresshisloveforfootball.D．Tothankhiscoachesandteammates.閱讀理解Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings(幼苗)aboardtheTiangongspacestationandthisexperimentmayofferkeyinsightsintohowastronautscangrowfoodtosupportlong-termspacemissions,expertssaidonMonday.Thisexperimentisthefirsttoproducethecompletelifecycleoftheplant,whichbeginswithaseedandendswithamature()plantproducingnewseeds.ThebreakthroughwasconductedintheWentianspacelaboratory,whichwaslaunchedintoorbitonJuly28,2022.Threeastronautswereconductingtheexperimentsmoothlyandtestingtheplantsaccordingtotheplan."Thericeseedlingsaregrowingverywel,"saidZhengHuiqiong,aresearcherofthetask,addingthattheexperimentalsocontainedseedlingsofasmallfloweringplantoftenusedbyscientiststostudymutations(變異)."Theastronautswillkeepmonitoringtheplants,andifitissuccessful,theywillcollectthenewlyproducedseedsandbringthembacktoEarthforfurtherstudies,"shenoted.Thefloweringstageiscrucialforplantreproductivedevelopment."Wewanttoinvestigatehowmicro-gravitycanaffecttheplantfloweringtimeandwhetheritispossibletousethemicro-gravityenvironmenttocontroltherelatedprocess,"shesaid.Sincethe1980s,ChinahasbeentakingseedsofriceandothercropstospacetohelpthemmutateandproducehigheryieldsoncetheywereplantedonEarth.Butgrowingriceinorbitisadifferentchallengeduetothetoughconditionsofspacesuchasmicro-gravityandlackofair.Ricehasbeenamainfoodforastronautssincetheearlydaysofspaceexploration.Freeze-driedchickenandricewasthemenufortheApollo/mission,whichcarriedthefirsthumanstolandonthemooninJuly1969."ButifwewanttolandonandexploreMars,bringingfoodfromEarthisnotenoughtoprovidefortheastronauts'longjourneyandmissioninspace.Wehavetofindafoodsourceforlongtermspaceexplorations,Zhengadded.12．What'sthesignificanceofChineserecentspacericeexperiment?A．Itenableshumanbeingstomovetoanotherplanet.B．Ithelpsothercountriestoplantriceoutoftheglobe.C．Humanbeingsislikelytoexplorefurtherouterspace.D．Itinspiresmorecountriestojoininspaceexplorations.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph3referto?A．Themutation. B．Theexperiment.C．Thetransport. D．Theexploration.14．Whyhavecropseedsbeenbroughttospacesincethelastcentury?A．Tofigureouthowtocreateanearth-likeenvironment.B．Todevelopnewcropspecieswithstrongabilitytoadapt.C．Toexaminetheimpactofmicro-gravityoncrop-planting.D．Topromoteconventionalcropsandincreasecropharvest.15．Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Asciencenewspaper. B．Amedicalmagazine.C．Ahistorywebsite. D．Afashionprogramme.二、第二部分閱讀理解，第二節(jié)任務(wù)型閱讀（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。16．Youseepeoplewhoaresmilingandlaughing,andyouwanttobelikethem.Therearegooddaysfilledwithsunshineandsmiles.However,therearealsobaddays.17．Smileoften.Researchhasshownthatthefacialexpressionyouwearinfluencesyourstateofmind.18．Wearingapleasantexpressionforalongperiodoftimewillslowlyimproveyourfeelingsandhelpyouhaveahappierday.Stopcomplaining.19．Ifallyounoticeortalkaboutduringthedayarethethingsthatannoyyou,itisnosurprisethatyouareunhappy.Totrulyincreaseyourlong-termhappiness,don'tcomplainanylonger.Haveanentiredaywithoutcomplainingevenonceandseehowyoufeel.Practicethankfulness.Thankfulnesshasbeenshowntobethelasttickettoahappylife.Themoreyoupracticethankfulness,themoreyouwillfindthingstobegratefulforinyourlife.20．Evensomethingassimpleasasafeplacetosleeporfoodtoeatisworthbeingthankfulforbecausenoteveryoneisfortunateenoughtohavethosenecessities.A.Everyonehopestoleadahappylife.B.Tryyourbesttokeepabalanceddiet.C.Ifyoutrytosmile,youaremorelikelytobehappy.D.Themoreyoucomplain,themoreannoyedyouwillbecome.E.Herearethreewaystoensureyoutobecomehappiereveryday.F.Youwillslowlystoppayingmuchattentiontowhatworriesyou.G.Thisthenwillleadyoutorealizehowmuchgoodnessisinyourlife.三、第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用，第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Onepetparrot(鸚鵡)LouiemanagedtosaveaTennesseefamily.TheSmithswerewokenupbythebird'srepeatedand21．cries."Ifithadn'tbeenforhim,Iprobablywouldhavebeenasleepduringthedisaster."BarbaraKleinrecentlytoldanewsagency,"Louieisa22．hero.Hestartedshouting'Fire'.Hehadneversaidthat23．before."Whentheywokeup,theywereshockedtofindthe24．hadspreadacrosstheroomsofthehouse.Barbaraimmediatelycarriedher5-year-oldgranddaughterand25．outofthehouse.ButherhusbandLarry26．escaped,andthenwassenttohospitalforthe27．."Larryrantothekitchenandwastryingto28．thefirewithwater,"Barbarasaid,"Laterheranbackintothehousetotryto29．ourpetsandhisguitar.Hekeptsayinghecouldn'tbreatheandIwasshoutingathimto30．thehouse.Iquicklytoldhimtogetdownandhecrawledout."Barbarasaidherhusbandhadto31．inhospitalwhiledoctorstriedtocurehimsothathewasabletoattendthesixth32．partyofhiscutegranddaughter.Althoughtherewasnothingleftintheirhome,thefamilyreceivedsupportfromalargenumberof33．people.34．,Louiedidn'tsurvivewiththem.However,toeveryone'srelief,agenerouspersonprovidedaflattotheSmithsand35．a(chǎn)newbabyparrottothefamily."WecallhimLouieJr.,saidBarbara.21．A．sweet B．noisy C．soft D．lovely22．A．great B．real C．true D．good23．A．word B．signal C．sound D．voice24．A．news B．cries C．fire D．smoke25．A．drove B．jumped C．walked D．ran26．A．ultimately B．narrowly C．constantly D．a(chǎn)pparently27．A．wounds B．hurts C．injuries D．burns28．A．putout B．pickup C．takedown D．lookover29．A．meet B．rescue C．hide D．check30．A．enter B．protect C．leave D．repair31．A．work B．wait C．live D．stay32．A．birthday B．weddingC.dancingC．holiday 33．A．normal B．gentle C．kind D．rich34．A．Unluckily B．Definitely C．Eventually D．Gradually35．A．borrowed B．presented C．offered D．obtained四、第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用，第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Highschoolyearsarealargepartinshaping36．personyouaregoingtobecome.Aschooloften37．(provide)educationforyou,anditcanalsobeaplace38．youcandeveloprelationshipswithmanydifferentpeople,joinclubs,andtakepartinavarietyofdifferentsports.Theseyearscanmakeyoubecomeahighschoolstudentfilledwithmanydifferent39．(emotion),includinghappiness,anger,sadness,admiration,loneliness,stress,andalargeamountmore.Thisisalsoatimewhenpeer(同齡人)pressureismostcommonlyputuponavastmajorityofteens.Peerpressureistheinfluencefrommembersofone'speergroup.Thiscanincludeinfluencinganothertodrink,smoke,cheatonatest,lie,skipclass,andetc.Thelistis40．(end).Peerpressureathighschoolisboth41．(harm)andeffectivebecauseitcanleadtoteendepression)highstresslevels,negativebehavior42．(issue),andpoordecisionmakingandoutcomes.Despitethefactthatpeerpressureismostcommonlyseenasaverynegativeissue,itcan43．(see)positivelyinsomesituations.Thiscancontainpressuringyourpeerstoavoiddrugs,behonest,avoidalcohol,respectothers,workhard,exercise,bekind,beresponsible,andmore.Friendsandpeer44．(actual)affectthechoicesyoumake.Choosingtohavegoodfriendscanhaveaverystrongeffect45．you.五、第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）46．第一節(jié)，假定你是李華，你的新西蘭筆友Jackson得知你國慶假期去了鄭州海昌海洋旅游度假區(qū)，發(fā)郵件詢問度假區(qū)的相關(guān)情況。請你根據(jù)以下提示給他回一封電子郵件，要點(diǎn)包括：1.位于鄭州市中牟縣，占地面積約為42.5萬平方米；2.是中原首個(gè)海洋文旅度假區(qū)，于2023年9月28日正式開園：3、圍繞海洋和極地兩大核心，擁有六大動(dòng)物場館、五部海洋大戲，并落地全球首座奧特曼主題小鎮(zhèn)，和鄭州海昌海洋主題酒店等配套設(shè)施。4.今年國慶假期8天中，共接待游客16.5萬人。鄭州海昌海洋旅游度假區(qū)(ZhengzhouHaichangMarineTourismResort)活動(dòng)地venue劇drama特Ultraman注意：1.詞數(shù)80個(gè)詞左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；3.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearJackson,I'mgladtohearfromyouandIcan'twaittointroduceZhengzhouHaichangMarineTourismResorttoyou.I'mlookingforwardtoyourcoming.Yours,LiHua47．第二節(jié)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。GrandmaLianggoestoseehergranddaughterseverySaturdayafternoon.Eachtime,GrandmaLiangbringswonderfulgifts:eithertoysorcandies.Hergranddaughters,VeraandGina,areexpectingforhervisiting.OneSaturdayafternoonwhenGrandmaLiangrangthedoorbell,VeraandGinahurriedtoanswerthedoor.SeeingGrandmaLiangbroughtapackofcards,theyweregladwithjoy.Theyenjoyedthemselvessomuchthatthewholeafternoonhadpassedbeforetheyknewit.Attheendoftheday,GrandmaLianghaddinnerwiththefamily.Duringthedinner,VeraandGinaheardthatnextSaturdaywouldbeGrandma'sbirthday,andMomandDadwouldholdabirthdaypartyforher.Theylookedateachothersecretlyandleftthedinninghallimmediately."WehavetodosomethingforGrandma'sbirthday,Ginadecided."Butwhat?"askedVera.Theythoughtoverandover,butnothingcameintotheirmind.ThenMomNancyfoundthemtwomissingandcametotheirroomtoseewhathadhappened.Whensheenteredtheirroom,shefoundthemdownhearted."What'swrongwithyou?Whatmakesyoutwosodownandquiet?"askedNancy."Mom,wereallywantedtogiveGrandmasomethingspecialforherbirthday,"Ginasaid."Butnothingwethoughtofwoulddo,"addedVera.Hearingthat,GrandmaLiangcameinandheldthekidsinherarms,saying,"Oh,kids,don'tyouknowyoutwoarethebestgiftsIcouldeveraskfor?"注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為120左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Hearingthesewords,agoodideahitGina.Aboutanhourlater,thetwocameoutwithapicture.

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．B3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了世界上最著名的四條自行車道。

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解，包含細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項(xiàng)，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行理解。1．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)LaRouteVerte,Canada部分中的"Recentlycompleted,thisincrediblerouterunsthelengthofQuebecProvincefromeasttowestandfeaturesmorethan2,485milesofbicycletrailsthathavebeencarefullymarked."這條令人難以置信的路線最近剛剛完工，從東到西貫穿魁北克省，有超過2485英里的自行車道，這些自行車道都被仔細(xì)標(biāo)記過?？芍?，LaRouteVerte的特別之處在于它是新建的路線。故選A。2．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)MontVentouxandLuberon,Provence,France部分中的"WhilethehillsofLuberonareachallengeforcyclists,therewardsofvisitingancientRomanruinsarecertainlywellworththetrip."雖然Luberon的山丘對騎自行車的人來說是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，但參觀古羅馬遺址的回報(bào)肯定是值得的?？芍T行MontVentouxandLuberon路線可以參觀古羅馬遺址。所以說，這條線路最適合喜歡古代文化的人。故選B。3．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段"Forvacationseekerswholovetoridetheirbikes,thesearethemostfamouscyclingtrailsintheworld."對于喜歡騎自行車度假的人來說，這些是世界上最著名的自行車道；以及對四條自行車道的介紹可知，本文為度假的人介紹了一些路線?？赏浦梢栽诼糜问謨陨险业竭@篇文章。故選D。【答案】4．C5．B6．D7．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了最有影響力的人之一：20世紀(jì)的女性核物理學(xué)家吳健雄的生平事跡。

【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇人物類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Wu'sfather,WuZhongyi,foundedthefirstschoolforgirlsinTaicang,aimingtobreaktheoldideathatitwaswomen'svirtuetohavenotalents,whichhadthegreatestinfluenceonWuChien-shiung'slife."吳健雄的父親吳忠義在太倉創(chuàng)辦了第一所女子學(xué)校，旨在打破"女子無才為德"的舊觀念，這對吳建雄的一生影響最大?？芍瑓墙⌒鄣募彝ケ尘皩λ猩钸h(yuǎn)的影響。故選C。5．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段"Duringher44-yearcareerasanuclearphysicist,Wu'spioneeringachievementswonhernicknamessuchas‘ChineseMadameCurie',‘queenofnuclearresearch'and‘firstladyofphysics'.ShewasthefirstwomantobepresidentofAmericanPhysicalSociety,thefirstfemalewinneroftheComstockPrizeinphysicsgivenbytheUSNationalAcademyofSciences,thefirstpersontoreceivetheWolfPrizeinphysics,thefirsthonorarydoctorateawardedbyPrincetonUniversitytoawoman,andthefirstfemaleprofessorofphysicsinthehistoryofColumbiaUniversity."在她44年的核物理學(xué)家生涯中，吳的開創(chuàng)性成就為她贏得了"中國居里夫人"、"核研究女王"和"物理學(xué)第一夫人"等稱號(hào)。她是第一位擔(dān)任美國物理學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)長的女性，第一位獲得美國國家科學(xué)院頒發(fā)的科姆斯托克物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的女性，第一位獲得沃爾夫物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的人，第一位獲得普林斯頓大學(xué)授予女性榮譽(yù)博士學(xué)位的人，也是哥倫比亞大學(xué)歷史上第一位女物理學(xué)教授?？芍?，作者通過本段旨在說明吳健雄在許多方面都是"先鋒"。故選B。6．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的"Togetaccurateresultsfromexperiments,sheworkedveryharddayandnightatalaboratoryandgainedareputation(名聲)foraccuracy."為了得到準(zhǔn)確的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果，她在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里夜以繼日地努力工作，并以準(zhǔn)確著稱?？芍?，吳健雄是一個(gè)勤奮的人；以及"Shewasalwaysverycarefulinexperiments,spendingagreatdealoftimecalibrating(校準(zhǔn))instruments.Shedidn'tstartcollectingdatauntilshefullyunderstoodtheinstruments."她做實(shí)驗(yàn)總是很細(xì)心，花很多時(shí)間校準(zhǔn)儀器。可知，她是一個(gè)謹(jǐn)慎小心的人。綜上，吳健雄是一個(gè)勤奮且謹(jǐn)慎的人。故選D。7．考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段"ComparedwithphysicistssuchasMarieCurieorRichardFeynman,WuChien-shiungisnotahouseholdnameinChinabutshewasoneofthemostinfluentialnuclearphysicistsofthe20thcentury,onethat‘completely'changedhuman'sviewoftheuniverse."與瑪麗·居里或理查德·費(fèi)曼等物理學(xué)家相比，吳健雄在中國并不家喻戶曉，但她是20世紀(jì)最具影響力的核物理學(xué)家之一，她"徹底"改變了人類對宇宙的看法；以及通讀整篇文章可知，本文講述的是最有影響力的人之一：20世紀(jì)的女性核物理學(xué)家吳健雄的生平事跡。故選A?！敬鸢浮?．C9．D10．B11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者在高中一年級時(shí)害羞且不自信，怕犯錯(cuò)，怕承擔(dān)責(zé)任，因而逃避一切可能犯錯(cuò)的機(jī)會(huì)，但在高二年級時(shí)，因機(jī)緣巧合真正參與了足球運(yùn)動(dòng)，在比賽中，教練與隊(duì)友的包容和鼓勵(lì)改變了作者，使他變?yōu)榱艘粋€(gè)勇于接受挑戰(zhàn)且充滿自信的人。

【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的"Inmyfreshmanyearathighschool,Iwasshy,hadlowself-confidenceandturnedawayfromseeminglyimpossiblechallenges."在我高一的時(shí)候，我很害羞，缺乏自信，不愿面對看似不可能的挑戰(zhàn)；以及"Ididn'twanttotaketheresponsibilityofhelpingtheteambecauselwastooafraidofmakingamistake."我不想承擔(dān)幫助團(tuán)隊(duì)的責(zé)任，因?yàn)槲姨ε路稿e(cuò)誤了?？赏浦?，作者在高一時(shí)缺乏自信，害怕犯錯(cuò)誤，是個(gè)膽怯的孩子。故選C。9．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"However,thosecriticismsdidn'tmakemyteammateslookdownuponme,buttheyhelpedmealot."然而，這些批評并沒有讓我的隊(duì)友看不起我，相反他們幫助了我很多。可推知，隊(duì)友非常友好和熱心。故選D。10．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Butmostimportantly.Ihavegainedself﹣confidence.Irealizethatitisnecessarytoriskfailureinordertogainsuccess."但最重要的是，我獲得了自信，我意識(shí)到要獲得成功,冒失敗的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是必要的?？芍?，作者學(xué)到了要自信，感于冒險(xiǎn)是成功的關(guān)鍵。故選B。11．考查推理判斷。通讀全文可知，在文中作者主要講述了自己在高中時(shí)期自身的轉(zhuǎn)變，作者是在分享他人生重要的成長經(jīng)歷。故選A?！敬鸢浮?2．C13．B14．D15．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，報(bào)道了中國宇航員在天宮空間站成功種植水稻幼苗，這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)可能為宇航員如何種植糧食以支持長期太空任務(wù)提供關(guān)鍵見解。

【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇新聞報(bào)道，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。12．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings(幼苗)aboardtheTiangongspacestationandthisexperimentmayofferkeyinsightsintohowastronautscangrowfoodtosupportlong—termspacemissions,expertssaidonMonday."專家周一表示，中國宇航員已經(jīng)成功地在天宮空間站上種植水稻幼苗，這一實(shí)驗(yàn)可能為宇航員如何種植食物以支持長期太空任務(wù)提供關(guān)鍵見解。中國最近的太空水稻實(shí)驗(yàn)使執(zhí)行長期太空任務(wù)成為可能，故選C。13．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"‘Thericeseedlingsaregrowingverywell,'saidZhengHuiqiong,aresearcherofthetask,addingthattheexperimentalsocontainedseedlingsofasmallfloweringplantoftenusedbyscientiststostudymutations(變異).""水稻幼苗長得很好，"該任務(wù)的研究員鄭慧瓊說，他補(bǔ)充說，該實(shí)驗(yàn)還包含了一種小型開花植物的幼苗，科學(xué)家經(jīng)常用它來研究突變。可知如果實(shí)驗(yàn)成功，他們將收集新產(chǎn)生的種子，并將它們帶回地球進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步研究。故此處的it指代實(shí)驗(yàn)，故選B。14．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的"Sincethe1980s,ChinahasbeentakingseedsofriceandothercropstospacetohelpthemmutateandproducehigheryieldsoncetheywereplantedonEarth."自20世紀(jì)80年代以來，中國一直在將水稻和其他作物的種子帶到太空，幫助它們在地球上種植后發(fā)生突變，從而產(chǎn)生更高的產(chǎn)量?？赏茢嘧陨蟼€(gè)世紀(jì)以來農(nóng)作物種子被帶到太空，促進(jìn)基因變化，提高作物產(chǎn)量。故選D。15．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段"Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings(幼苗)aboardtheTiangongspacestationandthisexperimentmayofferkeyinsightsintohowastronautscangrowfoodtosupportlong—termspacemissions,expertssaidonMonday."專家周一表示，中國宇航員已經(jīng)成功地在天宮空間站上種植水稻幼苗，這一實(shí)驗(yàn)可能為宇航員如何種植食物以支持長期太空任務(wù)提供關(guān)鍵見解?？芍恼率顷P(guān)于科學(xué)的一篇報(bào)道，故選A。【答案】16．A；17．E；18．C；19．D；20．G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹讓自己每天都快樂的方法。

【點(diǎn)評】考查七選五，本文是一篇教育類閱讀，要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空后"Youseepeoplewhoaresmilingandlaughing,andyouwanttobelikethem."你看到人們在微笑和大笑，你想和他們一樣?？芍?，這里主要講人們都想像別人一樣快樂地笑。A.Everyonehopestoleadahappylife."每個(gè)人都希望過上幸福的生活。"符合語境。其中ahappylife與下文smilingandlaughing對應(yīng)，有啟下作用。故選A。17．根據(jù)空前"Therearegooddaysfilledwithsunshineandsmiles.However,therearealsobaddays."美好的日子充滿陽光和微笑。然而，也有糟糕的日子?？芍钪杏锌鞓返娜兆?，也有不好的時(shí)候。E.Herearethreewaystoensureyoutobecomehappiereveryday."這里有三種方法可以確保你每天都變得更快樂。"符合語境，其中everyday與上文gooddays和baddays對應(yīng)，threeways和下面的方法對應(yīng)。所以有承上啟下作用。故選E。18．根據(jù)空后"Wearingapleasantexpressionforalongperiodoftimewillslowlyimproveyourfeelingsandhelpyouhaveahappierday."長時(shí)間帶上愉快的表情會(huì)慢慢改善你的感覺，幫助你度過愉快的一天?？芍?，長時(shí)間帶上快樂的表情會(huì)讓人開心的，C.Ifyoutrytosmile,youaremorelikelytobehappy."如果你試著微笑，你會(huì)更快樂。"符合語境，其中smile與下文apleasantexpression對應(yīng)。故選C。19．根據(jù)空前"Stopcomplaining."別再抱怨了；以及空后"Ifallyounoticeortalkaboutduringthedayarethethingsthatannoyyou,itisnosurprisethatyouareunhappy."如果你一天中注意到或談?wù)摰亩际亲屇銦赖氖虑?，那么你不開心也就不足為奇了?？芍?，這里主要講關(guān)注煩惱的事情會(huì)讓人不開心，D.Themoreyoucomplain,themoreannoyedyouwillbecome."你抱怨得越多，你就會(huì)越生氣。"符合語境，其中youcomplain與上文complaining對應(yīng)，annoyed也與下文對應(yīng)。故選D。20．根據(jù)空前"Thankfulnesshasbeenshowntobethelasttickettoahappylife.Themoreyoupracticethankfulness,themoreyouwillfindthingstobegratefulforinyourlife."感恩已被證明是通往幸福生活的最后一張門票。你越是練習(xí)感恩，你就會(huì)在生活中發(fā)現(xiàn)更多值得感激的事情?？芍?，這里說明生活中由很多事情值得感謝，會(huì)讓你的生活更美好，G.Thisthenwillleadyoutorealizehowmuchgoodnessisinyourlife."這會(huì)讓你意識(shí)到你的生活中有多么美好。"符合語境，其中This指代上文Themoreyoupracticethankfulness。故選G?！敬鸢浮?1．B；22．C；23．A；24．C；25．D；26．B；27．D；28．A；29．B；30．C；31．D；32．A；33．C；34．A；35．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一只鸚鵡路易成功拯救了田納西州的一個(gè)家庭的故事。

【點(diǎn)評】考查完形填空，本題考點(diǎn)涉及動(dòng)詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞，固定短語等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。21．句意：史密斯一家被這只鳥反復(fù)嘈雜的叫聲吵醒了。A.sweet"甜美的"；B.noisy"嘈雜的"；C.soft"柔和的"；D.lovely"可愛的"。根據(jù)空前"TheSmithswerewokenupbythebird'srepeated"可知，史密斯一家被吵醒是因?yàn)轼B兒反復(fù)吵鬧的叫聲，故選B。22．句意：芭芭拉·克萊因最近告訴新聞社，"路易是一個(gè)真正的英雄"。A.great"偉大的"；B.real"現(xiàn)實(shí)的"；C.true"真正的"；D.good"好的"；根據(jù)上文"Onepetparrot(鸚鵡)LouiemanagedtosaveaTennesseefamily."一只寵物鸚鵡路易設(shè)法拯救了田納西州的一個(gè)家庭；以及"Ifithadn'tbeenforhim,Iprobablywouldhavebeenasleepduringthedisaster."如果不是他，我可能在災(zāi)難期間就睡著了?？芍@只鸚鵡拯救了一個(gè)家庭，是真正的英雄，故選C。23．句意：他以前從未說過這個(gè)詞。A.word"單詞"；B.signal"信號(hào)"；C.sound"聲音"；D.voice"語音"。根據(jù)上文"Hestartedshouting‘Fire'"可知，鳥兒喊出了以前沒有說過的"著火"這個(gè)詞，故選A。24．句意：當(dāng)他們醒來時(shí)，他們震驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)火勢已經(jīng)蔓延到房子的房間。A.news"新聞"；B.cries"哭泣"；C.fire"火災(zāi)"；D.smoke"煙霧"。根據(jù)上文"Hestartedshouting‘Fire'."可知，史密斯一家著火了，故選C。25．句意：芭芭拉立即抱著她5歲的孫女跑出了房子。A.drove"駕駛"；B.jumped"跳"；C.walked"步行"；D.ran"跑"。根據(jù)上文"Whentheywokeup,theywereshockedtofindthe4hadspreadacrosstheroomsofthehouse."可知，火災(zāi)情況危機(jī)，芭芭拉抱著孫女跑出去了，故選D。26．句意：但她的丈夫拉里僥幸逃脫，然后因燒傷被送往醫(yī)院。A.ultimately"最終地"；B.narrowly"勉強(qiáng)地"；C.constantly"持續(xù)地"；D.apparently"明顯地"。根據(jù)上文"Barbaraimmediatelycarriedher5-year-oldgranddaughterand5outofthehouse.ButherhusbandLarry6escaped,andthenwassenttohospital"可知，芭芭拉帶著孫女跑出了房子，結(jié)合空前But推知，她的丈夫是勉強(qiáng)逃生，并被送往了醫(yī)院。故選B。27．句意：但她的丈夫拉里僥幸逃脫，然后因燒傷被送往醫(yī)院。A.wounds"傷口"；B.hurts"受傷"；C.injuries"傷口"；D.burns"燒傷"。根據(jù)上文的大貨以及空前"wassenttohospital"可知，是因?yàn)闊齻耍员凰屯酸t(yī)院，故選D。28．句意："拉里跑到廚房，試圖用水滅火，"芭芭拉說，后來他跑回屋里試圖救出我們的寵物和他的吉他。A.putout"撲滅"；B.pickup"撿起"；C.takedown"取下"；D.lookover"看過去"。根據(jù)空后"withwater,"可知，是用水把火撲滅，故選A。29．句意：后來他跑回屋里，試圖救出我們的寵物和他的吉他。A.meet"遇見"；B.rescue"營救"；C.hide"隱藏"；D.check"檢查"。根據(jù)上文"Larryrantothekitchenandwastryingto8thefirewithwater"可知，他是想回到房子里把火撲滅，救出寵物和他的吉他，故選B。30．句意：他一直說他無法呼吸，我大喊他離開家。A.enter"進(jìn)入"；B.protect"保護(hù)"；C.leave"離開"；D.repair"修復(fù)"。根據(jù)空前"Hekeptsayinghecouldn'tbreatheandIwasshoutingathimto"可知，他很危險(xiǎn)，所以芭芭拉讓他趕緊讓他離