2023-2024學(xué)年貴州省黔東南州高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1貴州省黔東南州2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.WhenwillTomcome?A.4:50.B.4:30.C.4:20.2.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inarestaurant.C.Atthemarket.3.Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.Hestayedathometalkingwithhisfriend.B.Hewatchedtelevisionwithhisfriend.C.Hewenttoseehisschoolmate.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hemusthandinareportaboutthemuseum.B.Hehasalreadyvisitedthemuseum.C.Heistoobusytogowiththewoman.5.Whyisthemanunabletoanswerthewoman’squestionsnow?A.Hedoesn’thavetime.B.Heistootiredafterclass.C.Heisshopping.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofworkinginIT?A.Theworkisnotgood.B.Theworkisveryhard.C.Theworkhastwoadvantages.7.Whatsuggestiondoesthewomangivetotheman?A.Don’tworkinIT.B.Avoidhighbloodpressure.C.Takebettercareofhimself.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Workmates.B.Husbandandwife.C.Fatheranddaughter.9.WhydidthemangotoFortaleza?A.Todosomeshopping.B.Toenjoythescenery.C.Togoonabusinesstrip.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Arockband.B.Ajazzband.C.Aperformance.11.Whydidthemannamehisband“TheSand”?A.Sandcancoolonedown.B.Sandstandsforbeingtoughandindependent.C.Sandissmallandcannotbeshaped.12.Whydidthebandgetanewmemberyearsago?A.Oneofitsmembersdied.B.Itsaudiencebecamelarger.C.Themarketforrockmusicwasgrowing.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhereisDonnynow?A.Athome.B.Onhisway.C.Inacinema.14.WhydidDonnyfailtoanswerthephoneat8:00?A.Hisphonewasn’ton.B.Hedidn’thearit.C.Hewasbusy.15.WhatwasDonnydoingat9:00?A.Hewasbuyingaticket.B.Hewasdrinkingcoffee.C.Hewaswatchingafilm.16.WhatdidDonnytalkaboutwiththemanager?A.Makingacomplaint.B.Applyingforajob.C.Gettinghismoneyback.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdidthespeakertreatpaintingasinthebeginning?A.Ajob.B.Adream.C.Ahobby.18.Howoftendoesthespeakerpaintnow?A.Threedaysaweek.B.Fivedaysaweek.C.Everyevening.19.Whendidthespeakerstartherpainting?A.Intheprimaryschool.B.Inthemiddleschool.C.Inthehighschool.20.Whatwillthelistenersdoafterwatchingavideo?A.Learntopaint.B.Leaveforanotherplace.C.Haveacoffeebreak.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AEngagestudentswithsciencewiththeseexcitingandentertainingexperiments!Studentswillloveexploringwhilealsogaininginvaluableexperiencebydesigningandconductingexperiments.SunscreenExperimentKidsoftendon’tenjoybeingtoldtheyneedsunscreen,soshowingitspowerthroughdemonstrationcanhelpthemseeitsvalue.Thissciencefairprojectusessimplewhitebeads(珠子)thatchangecolorwhenexposedtoUVrays(紫外線)sochildrencancomparetheeffectivenessofdifferentsunscreenproducts.Startthisexperimentbyapplyingsomeofeachsunscreentypeonpaperandplacingbothpiecesofpaperindirectsunlightforseveralhours.Sundial(日晷)ExperimentUsingasundialtotelltimeisafascinatingscienceactivitythathelpsstudentsgainknowledgeofshadowsandthemovementofsunlightacrossthesky.Throughthishands-onexperiment,studentsgainanopportunitytoseehowpeopleinprevioustimesknewtimewithoutclocksorwatches.Startthisexperimentbyaskingstudentstoidentifyanoutdoorspotthatreceivessunlightallday,placingaflatboardthere,tracingtheshadowsontoitandnotingwheretheshadowswillfallatcertainpointsoftheday.MineralExperimentStudentslearntoidentifyrocksandmineralsthroughthissimpleexperiment.Theyuseaplatetotestthehardnessofvariouscommonminerals.Theyalsoobservehowthesemineralsformcrystals(晶體)andhowtheybreakapartdifferentlyfromothers.Thislessonhelpsstudentsunderstandthecharacteristicsandusesofdifferentminerals.Studentscanevenform“companies”andcompetetominedifferenttypesofrockswithspecificfeatures.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofusingbeadsinthesunscreenexperiment?A.Tocomparethepricesofsunscreen.B.Toshowtheeffectivenessofsunscreen.C.Toanalyzetheimpactofsunscreenonskin.D.Todemonstratechemicalreactionsinsunscreen.2.Howdostudentsbeginthesundialexperiment?A.Bybuildingasundialfrombeginning.B.Bycomparingdifferenttypesofsundials.C.Bymeasuringthelengthoftheirshadows.D.Byidentifyingasunnyspotandusingaflatboard.3.Whatdoesthemineralexperimentallowstudentstodo?A.Observecrystalformation. B.Learngeologicalhistory.C.Sellrockstheymine. D.Formcompanies.〖答案〗1.B2.D3.A【語篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾個適合學(xué)生做的科學(xué)實驗?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SunscreenExperiment下的“Thissciencefairprojectusessimplewhitebeads(珠子)thatchangecolorwhenexposedtoUVrays(紫外線)sochildrencancomparetheeffectivenessofdifferentsunscreenproducts.(這個科學(xué)展覽項目使用簡單的白色珠子，當(dāng)暴露在紫外線下時會改變顏色，這樣孩子們就可以比較不同防曬產(chǎn)品的效果)”可知，在防曬實驗中使用珠子的主要目的是來展示防曬霜的功效。故選B項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Sundial(日晷)Experiment下的“Startthisexperimentbyaskingstudentstoidentifyanoutdoorspotthatreceivessunlightallday,placingaflatboardthere,tracingtheshadowsontoitandnotingwheretheshadowswillfallatcertainpointsoftheday.(實驗開始時，讓學(xué)生們找出一個整天都能接受陽光的戶外地點，在那里放一塊平板，在上面畫出陰影，并注意到陰影在一天中的特定時間會落在哪里)”可知，學(xué)生找一個陽光充足的地方，用一塊平板來開始日晷實驗。故選D項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MineralExperiment下的“Theyalsoobservehowthesemineralsformcrystals(晶體)andhowtheybreakapartdifferentlyfromothers.(他們還觀察這些礦物質(zhì)是如何形成晶體的，以及它們是如何以不同的方式分裂的)”可知，MineralExperiment允許學(xué)生觀察晶體形成。故選A項。BNilasCorneliussenfeelsworriedwhenacityturnsquietatnight.“Imuchprefertobeinadynamiccitythatneversleeps,andBangkokgivesmethat,”saidtheSwedish-bornchefofaNordic-AsianrestaurantinThailand’scapital.WhileThailandhadlongappealedtohim,Corneliussensaysheneverimaginedacareerincooking.Instead,hewasdrawntoMuayThai(泰拳),orThaiboxing.Onhighschoolbreaks,heeventraveledsolotoThailandtojoinMuayThaitrainingcamps.Aftersustainingahandinjurywhileboxing,hewasforcedtogiveupMuayThai.However,hedidn’tstopthinkingaboutThailand.TheverydayaftergraduatingfromhighschoolinSweden,Corneliussenbookedaone-waytickettoBangkokandappliedforastudyvisa.Itwasn’tuntilhalfwaythroughhisstudiesthathewasinspiredbyafellowstudentandfriendwhoransmallThairestaurants.However,therewassomethinginsideofhimthatwasdrawntoculinaryarts.“Theatmosphereinsidethekitchenfascinatedme-everyonehastoworktogethertomakeithappen.”Corneliussenrecalled.Atthetime,thechefdidn’tthinkhecouldpursuehisnewpassionforcookinginThailand.Instead,hethoughtitwouldbebesttogobacktohisrootsandunderstandtheflavorshe’dgrownupwithbeforecookinganythingelse,sohefinishedhisstudiesandmovedbacktoSweden.StartingoutinarestaurantinStockholm,hepractisedhisskills.In2019,hewonthesilverintheBocused’Or,aworld-famousinternationalcookingcompetition,aspartoftheSwedishteam.Despitethosesuccesses,heknewhewantedtoreturntoAsiatoachievehisdreamofculinaryarts.In2022,Corneliussenmadethemovetoahigh-endrestaurant,whichopenedthesameyear,andwhereheshowcasedcasualNordicfoodwithAsianinfluences.“InThailand,Igetthisfeelingofbelongingandconnectiontothepeople,foodandculture,”hesaid.4.Whatispresentedinthefirstparagraph?A.Corneliussendislikesworkingatnight. B.Corneliussenfeelsuneasyinanewcity.C.BangkokishometoNordicrestaurants. D.BangkokgivesCorneliussenthefeelinghewants.5.WhatmainlymadeCorneliussenchoosecookingasacareer?A.Hisinjuredhand. B.Hisinnerpassion.C.Hisfriends’support. D.Histirednessofstudy.6.HowdidCorneliussenimprovehiscookingskills?A.Bypractisinginhismotherland. B.ByimprovingdiversedishesinThailand.C.Byattendingvarietiesofcookingcompetitions. D.Bysummarizingexperiencefromothercooks.7.WhydidCorneliussendecidetoreturntoAsia?A.TolearnMuayThai. B.ToshowcaseNordicfood.C.Toopenahigh-endrestaurant. D.Toachievehisdreamofculinaryarts.〖答案〗4.D5.B6.A7.D【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章講述了瑞典出生的廚師NilasCorneliussen追求烹飪事業(yè)的故事?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“NilasCorneliussenfeelsworriedwhenacityturnsquietatnight.“Imuchprefertobeinadynamiccitythatneversleeps,andBangkokgivesmethat,”saidtheSwedish-bornchefofaNordic-AsianrestaurantinThailand’scapital.(當(dāng)一個城市在夜晚變得安靜時，NilasCorneliussen會感到擔(dān)憂?！拔腋矚g住在一個充滿活力的不夜城，而曼谷給了我這種感覺，”這位瑞典出生的廚師說，他在泰國首都經(jīng)營一家北歐餐廳)”可知，Corneliussen喜歡充滿活力的不夜城，而曼谷正好給了他這種感覺。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“However,therewassomethinginsideofhimthatwasdrawntoculinaryarts.“Theatmosphereinsidethekitchenfascinatedme-everyonehastoworktogethertomakeithappen.”Corneliussenrecalled.(然而，他內(nèi)心深處有一種東西被烹飪藝術(shù)所吸引?！皬N房里的氣氛讓我著迷——每個人都必須共同努力才能實現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)?！盋orneliussen回憶道)”可知，主要是他內(nèi)心對烹飪的喜愛促使他選擇了烹飪作為職業(yè)。故選B。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Atthetime,thechefdidn’tthinkhecouldpursuehisnewpassionforcookinginThailand.Instead,hethoughtitwouldbebesttogobacktohisrootsandunderstandtheflavorshe’dgrownupwithbeforecookinganythingelse,sohefinishedhisstudiesandmovedbacktoSweden.StartingoutinarestaurantinStockholm,hepractisedhisskills.In2019,hewonthesilverintheBocused’Or,aworld-famousinternationalcookingcompetition,aspartoftheSwedishteam.(當(dāng)時，這位廚師認(rèn)為他無法在泰國追求他對烹飪的新熱情。相反，他認(rèn)為最好是回到自己的家鄉(xiāng)，在烹飪其他東西之前，先了解一下他從小接觸到的味道，所以他完成了學(xué)業(yè)，搬回了瑞典。從斯德哥爾摩的一家餐館開始，他練習(xí)自己的技能。2019年，他作為瑞典團(tuán)隊的一員，在世界著名的國際烹飪比賽Bocused’Or中獲得銀牌)”可知，他是通過在祖國練習(xí)烹飪技能來提高自己的烹飪能力的。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Despitethosesuccesses,heknewhewantedtoreturntoAsiatoachievehisdreamofculinaryarts.In2022,Corneliussenmadethemovetoahigh-endrestaurant,whichopenedthesameyear,andwhereheshowcasedcasualNordicfoodwithAsianinfluences.(盡管取得了這些成功，但他知道自己想回到亞洲，實現(xiàn)烹飪藝術(shù)的夢想。2022年，科尼利烏森搬到了一家高端餐廳，并于同年開業(yè)，在那里他展示了受亞洲影響的休閑北歐美食)”可知，盡管在瑞典取得了一些成功，但Corneliussen知道他想回到亞洲實現(xiàn)他的烹飪藝術(shù)夢想。故選D。CAnewattempttopredictearthquakeswiththeaidofartificialintelligence(AI)hasraisedhopesthatthetechnologycouldonedaybeusedtolimitearthquakes’impactonlivesandeconomies.DevelopedbyresearchersatTheUniversityofTexasatAustin,theAIalgorithmcorrectlypredicted70%ofearthquakesaweekbeforetheyhappenedduringaseven-monthtrialinChina.TheAIwastrainedtofindunusualpatternsinreal-timeseismicdatathatresearchershadpairedwiththedataofpreviousearthquakes.TheoutcomewasaweeklyforecastinwhichtheAIsuccessfullypredicted14earthquakeswithinabout200milesofwhereitestimatedtheywouldhappenandatalmostexactlythecalculatedstrength.Itmissedoneearthquakeandgaveeightfalsewarnings.It’snotyetknownifthesameapproachwillworkatotherlocations,buttheeffortisasignificantachievementinresearchforAI-drivenearthquakeforecasting.“Predictingearthquakesistheultimategoal,”saidaprofessor,whoisamemberoftheresearchteam.“We’renotyetclosetomakingpredictionsforanywhereintheworld,butwhatweachievedtellsusthatwhatwethoughtwasanimpossibleproblemissolvableinprinciple.”Theresearcherssaidthattheirmethodhadsucceededbyfollowingarelativelysimplemachinelearningapproach.TheAIwasgivenasetofstatisticalfeaturesbasedontheteam’sknowledgeofearthquakephysics,thentoldtotrainitselfonafive-yeardatabaseofseismicrecordings.Oncetrained,theAIgaveitsforecastbylisteningforsignsofincomingearthquakesamongthebackgroundrumblingsintheEarth.“Ourfuturegoalistocombinebothphysicsanddata-drivenmethodstocreateageneralizedsystemthatwecanapplyanywhereintheworld,”saidtheAI’sleaddeveloper.“Thenewresearchisanimportantsteptowardsachievingthatgoal.”8.WhatdowesayaboutAIpredictingearthquakes?A.Therateofaccuracyishigh.B.Ithasgotprovenworldwide.C.Thepredictioniscompletelyrandom.D.Earthquakescanbecontrolledbyscientists.9.Whichcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword“seismic”inparagraph2?A.Relatedtoweatherpatterns. B.Relatedtoearthquakes.C.Relatedtovolcanicactivities. D.Relatedtooceancurrents.10.Whatisresearchers’attitudetowardsAIpredictingearthquakes?A.Doubtful. B.Uncertain. C.Optimistic. D.Unfavorable.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheDevelopmentOfEarthquake.B.AI’sRoleinPredictingEarthquakes.C.AI’sForecastaboutNaturalDisasters.D.TheUnderstandingofEarthquakePhysics.〖答案〗8.A9.B10.C11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了利用人工智能預(yù)測地震的新嘗試及其取得的成果?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“DevelopedbyresearchersatTheUniversityofTexasatAustin,theAIalgorithmcorrectlypredicted70%ofearthquakesaweekbeforetheyhappenedduringaseven-monthtrialinChina.(由德克薩斯大學(xué)奧斯汀分校的研究人員開發(fā)的人工智能算法在中國進(jìn)行了為期7個月的試驗，在地震發(fā)生前一周正確預(yù)測了70%的地震)”和第二段中“TheoutcomewasaweeklyforecastinwhichtheAIsuccessfullypredicted14earthquakeswithinabout200milesofwhereitestimatedtheywouldhappenandatalmostexactlythecalculatedstrength.(結(jié)果是每周一次的預(yù)測，人工智能成功地預(yù)測了14次地震，地震發(fā)生地點在它估計的200英里范圍內(nèi)，強(qiáng)度幾乎與計算的完全一致)”可知，人工智能算法成功預(yù)測了70%的地震，且能相當(dāng)準(zhǔn)確地預(yù)測地震的位置和強(qiáng)度。因此，人工智能預(yù)測地震的準(zhǔn)確率很高。故選A項?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞的上文“TheAIwastrainedtofindunusualpatterns(人工智能被訓(xùn)練來發(fā)現(xiàn)不尋常的模式)”和下文“thatresearchershadpairedwiththedataofpreviousearthquakes(研究人員將其與之前地震的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了配對)”可推知，人工智能是將實時地震數(shù)據(jù)與先前地震數(shù)據(jù)配對，從而發(fā)現(xiàn)異常。因此，seismic意為“與地震相關(guān)的”。故選B項。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中研究人員所說的話“Predictingearthquakesistheultimategoal(預(yù)測地震是最終目標(biāo))”和“We’renotyetclosetomakingpredictionsforanywhereintheworld,butwhatweachievedtellsusthatwhatwethoughtwasanimpossibleproblemissolvableinprinciple.(我們還不能預(yù)測世界上的任何地方，但我們所取得的成就告訴我們，我們認(rèn)為不可能解決的問題在原則上是可以解決的)”可知，研究人員認(rèn)為在全球范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行預(yù)測雖然曾被認(rèn)為不可能解決，但現(xiàn)在原則上是可以解決的。因此，研究人員對人工智能預(yù)測地震持樂觀態(tài)度。故選C項?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“Anewattempttopredictearthquakeswiththeaidofartificialintelligence(AI)hasraisedhopesthatthetechnologycouldonedaybeusedtolimitearthquakes’impactonlivesandeconomies.(一項借助人工智能(AI)預(yù)測地震的新嘗試讓人們?nèi)计鹆讼Ｍ?，這項技術(shù)有朝一日可能被用來限制地震對生命和經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響)”可知，本文介紹了利用人工智能預(yù)測地震的新嘗試及其取得的成果。因此，B項“人工智能在預(yù)測地震中的作用”最契合文章主旨，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選B項。DPlantshavebeenimportanttohumanssinceancienttimes.Theygiveusfood,clothesandshelter.Theirbeautybringsushappiness,andmanyplantscanalsocureus.Recently,scientistsfoundaplantthatcanbettercleanpollutedair.ScientistsataresearchinstitutionintheUKstudiedhowwellplantscancapture(捕獲)pollutionfromcars.Carexhaustfumes(汽車尾氣),aswellastireandbrakeparticles,causemanyhealthproblems.Sincepreviousresearchhasshownthattreeshelpremoveairpollution,researchersdecidedtotestthreetypesofplants:hawthorn,westernredcedar,andfranchet’scotoneaster(西南枸子).Researchersfoundthatfranchet’scotoneasterwasthebestatcapturingpollution.Thisisbecauseofitshairyandcomplexleafstructure.Theyalsodiscoveredthatthickbarriersoversixfeethighwerethebestatreducingpollution.Inareaswithheavytraffic,franchet’scotoneasterabsorbed20%morepollutionthantheotherplants.Aco-authorofthestudysaid,“Weknowthatinjustsevendays,a1-meterlengthofwell-managedthickbarrierwillcapturethesameamountofpollutionthatacaremits(排放)overa500-miledrive.”Theresearchersrecommendplantingfranchet’scotoneasteralongbusyroads.Thisisgreatnewsforcityplanners,landscapers,andgardeners.OriginallyfromChina,franchet’scotoneasterisahardyevergreenthatcansurvivetemperaturesaslowas-23℃.ItgrowswellintheUKandcanalsogrowwellinplaceslikeCalifornia,thePacificNorthwest,BritishColumbia,andaroundtheGreatLakes.Thankstothisstudy,franchet’scotoneasterhasshowntobeveryuseful.Itallowsgardenersandlandscaperstohelptheenvironment.Whenthesesuperplantsaregrowninurbangardens,onstreets,andalonghighways,theywillcleantheairandaddbeautytothesurroundings.12.Whichaspectofplantsismainlymentionedinparagraph1?A.Varietiesofplants. B.Livingenvironment.C.Benefitsofplants. D.Medicalproperties.13.Whyisfranchet’scotoneastereffectiveincapturingpollution?A.Itrequireslesswater.B.Itistallerthanotherplants.C.Itgrowsfasterthanotherplants.D.Ithashairyandcomplexleafstructures.14.Whatcanweinferaboutfranchet’scotoneasterfromparagraph5?A.Theywillbeplantedlessbygardeners.B.TheywillbeimportedmorefromChina.C.Theycanadjusttothecoldtemperature.D.Theyshouldbeplantedincorrectplaces.15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A.Tohighlighttheenvironmentalbenefitsoffranchet’scotoneaster.B.Todescribetheappearanceoffranchet’scotoneaster.C.Tocomparefranchet’scotoneasterwithotherplants.D.Toexplainhowtoplantfranchet’scotoneaster.〖答案〗12.C13.D14.C15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)西南枸子能更高地清潔被污染的空氣?！?2題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Plantshavebeenimportanttohumanssinceancienttimes.Theygiveusfood,clothesandshelter.Theirbeautybringsushappiness,andmanyplantscanalsocureus.Recently,scientistsfoundaplantthatcanbettercleanpollutedair.(自古以來，植物對人類就很重要。他們?yōu)槲覀兲峁┦澄?、衣服和住所。它們的美麗給我們帶來快樂，許多植物也可以治愈我們。最近，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種植物，可以更好地清潔被污染的空氣。)”可知，第一段主要講述了指物的好處，故選C項?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Researchersfoundthatfranchet’scotoneasterwasthebestatcapturingpollution.Thisisbecauseofitshairyandcomplexleafstructure.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，西南枸子在捕獲污染方面效果最好。這是因為它的葉子多毛且復(fù)雜)”可知，西南枸子能有效捕獲污染是因為它復(fù)雜多毛的葉片結(jié)構(gòu)，故選D項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“OriginallyfromChina,franchet’scotoneasterisahardyevergreenthatcansurvivetemperaturesaslowas-23℃.(西南枸子原產(chǎn)于中國，是一種耐寒的常綠植物，可以在低至-23°C的溫度下生存。)”可知，西南枸子在低溫環(huán)境中存活，故選C項?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thankstothisstudy,franchet’scotoneasterhasshowntobeveryuseful.Itallowsgardenersandlandscaperstohelptheenvironment.Whenthesesuperplantsaregrowninurbangardens,onstreets,andalonghighways,theywillcleantheairandaddbeautytothesurroundings.(多虧了這項研究，西南枸子已被證明非常有用。它使園丁和園藝師能夠幫助環(huán)境。當(dāng)這些超級植物種植在城市花園、街道和高速公路沿線時，它們將凈化空氣并為周圍環(huán)境增添美感。)”可知，作者在本段中強(qiáng)調(diào)了西南枸子的環(huán)境效益，故選A項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Researchshowsthatwhenpeopledonotgetenoughsleep,theyhaveslowerresponsetimes,worsedecision-making,difficultypayingattention,andpoorermemory.____16____.Inthebrain,thesechangesshowupaslessactivityintheprefrontalcortex(前額葉皮質(zhì)),whichisinchargeofplanninganddecision-making.Toreducetheseeffectsandsaveyourdayafterabadnight’ssleep,expertsrecommendtakinganap(打盹).___17___.Itcanalsoimproveyourperformanceonmanytasksthatareaffectedbylackofsleep.Toavoidthesleepinesssomepeoplefeelafternapping,trytokeepyournapto30minutes.____18____.However,don’tdrinktoomuch,asitcancausenervousnessandmakeyourheartbeatfaster.Regularexercisehasbeenshowntohelpwiththehealthproblemscausedbylackofsleepovertime.Thereisalsoproofthatithelpsyouperformbetterrightafterabadnightofsleep.Whilethesemethodscanhelp,theywon’tcompletelyoffset(抵消)theeffectsofsleeploss.____19____Youcouldscheduleyourdayaroundyourbodyclockand,ifpossible,avoidhavinganyimportantorheavyconversations,sincelackofsleepcanmakeyoumorebad-temperedandemotionallyreactive.Inadditiontothesemethods,it’simportanttopractisegoodsleephabitsregularlytopreventsleepdeprivationinthefirstplace.Thisincludesmaintainingaconsistentsleepschedule,creatingarestfulenvironment,andavoidingstimulantslikecaffeineclosetobedtime.Byprioritizingsleepandtakingstepstomanagetheeffectsofabadnight’ssleep,youcanmaintainbetteroverallhealthandproductivity.Remember,sleepisacrucialpartofyourwell-being.____20____.A.NappingcanhelpyoufeellesstiredB.TeaandcoffeecanmakeyoustayawakeC.PeoplearealsomorelikelytofeeldepressedD.ThefollowingmethodscanhelpyoubehavewellE.CoffeecanalsohelpyoustayawakeandthinkbetterF.Ifpossible,adjustyourdaytoavoidseriousmistakesG.Takingitseriouslycangreatlyimproveyourdailylife〖答案〗16.C17.A18.E19.F20.G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在睡眠不足的情況下，如何通過一些方法來減少對日常生活的影響?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Researchshowsthatwhenpeopledonotgetenoughsleep,theyhaveslowerresponsetimes,worsedecision-making,difficultypayingattention,andpoorermemory.(研究表明，當(dāng)人們睡眠不足時，他們的反應(yīng)時間會變慢、決策能力更差、注意力不集中、記憶力更差。)”可知，睡眠不足對生活有很多的影響，下文將進(jìn)一步說明其他影響，與C項“Peoplearealsomorelikelytofeeldepressed(人們也更容易感到沮喪)”上下文一致，符合文意。故選C項?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Toreducetheseeffectsandsaveyourdayafterabadnight’ssleep,expertsrecommendtakinganap(打盹).(為了減少這些影響并在一夜睡眠不佳后挽救您的一天，專家建議小睡一會兒。)”可知，下文將介紹打盹的好處，與A項“Nappingcanhelpyoufeellesstired(午睡可以幫助你減輕疲勞)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選A項。【18題詳析】根據(jù)下文“However,don’tdrinktoomuch,asitcancausenervousnessandmakeyourheartbeatfaster.(但是，不要喝太多，因為它會引起緊張并使你的心跳加快。)”可知，空處介紹的是某種可以保持清醒的東西，與E項“Coffeecanalsohelpyoustayawakeandthinkbetter(咖啡還可以幫助你保持清醒和更好地思考)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選E項?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Youcouldscheduleyourdayaroundyourbodyclockand,ifpossible,avoidhavinganyimportantorheavyconversations,sincelackofsleepcanmakeyoumorebad-temperedandemotionallyreactive.(你可以根據(jù)你的生物鐘來安排你的一天，如果可能的話，避免進(jìn)行任何重要或繁重的對話，因為睡眠不足會讓你脾氣更暴躁和情緒反應(yīng)。)”可知，本段主要講述了要調(diào)整自己的生物鐘，避免不好的事情發(fā)生，與F項“Ifpossible,adjustyourdaytoavoidseriousmistakes(如果可能的話，調(diào)整你的一天以避免嚴(yán)重的錯誤)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選F項。【20題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Remember,sleepisacrucialpartofyourwell-being.(請記住，睡眠是你健康的重要組成部分。)”可知，良好睡眠習(xí)慣的重要性，重視睡眠會對日常生活產(chǎn)生積極的影響，與G項“Takingitseriouslycangreatlyimproveyourdailylife(認(rèn)真對待它可以大大改善你的日常生活)”上下文一致，符合文意。故選G項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Recyclingcanbenefitnotonlyenvironmentalconservationbutalsocommunityinsurprisingways.MateoLange,15,is___21___ofthiswell.Onweekends,hewouldsortthroughglassandplasticbottlesandaluminum(鋁)cansinhishometown,IndianRiver,Michigan,wherehe___22___acommunityrecyclingprogram.Mateoinitiatedtheprogramwhenhewasinthesixthgrade,playingbaseballwiththeNorthernMichiganCyclones.Theteamwas___23___fromitsestablishmentandfacedthechallengeofraisingmoneyfortheirtraveltotournaments.ObservingcansandbottlesthrowneverywherealongMichigan’sroads,Mateo___24___asolution.InMichigan,thesecansandbottlescanbecollectedandexchangedforcash.___25___byhisfather’sassistance,Mateostartedabottleandcandriveanditraised$7,500inamerefewweeks.This___26___successinspiredMateotokeeptheendeavorgoing.Sincethen,Mateo’srecyclingefforthasobtainedanimpressive$350,000,___27___atleast50localyouthgroups.Equally___28___,over2millionbottlesandcansotherwise___29___ontheroadsidewererecycled.In2023,Mateowas____30____forhisdeedsandwontheprestigiousGloriaBarronPrizeforYoungHeroes,anhonor____31____theeffortsofyoungindividualsstrivingtomaketheworldabetterplace.Whenaskedabouttheaccomplishment,Mateosaid,“Iamhappytoknowthatalltheseteamsandclubsandthecommunitiesaroundare____32____.”Mateobelieveseveryonecanandshouldbeof____33____.“Justdoalittlebittomakeadifferencetotheworld,”he____34____.“Becreative,”headds.“Havean____35____andbuildonit.”21.A.frightened B.aware C.guilty D.ashamed22.A.ignores B.joins C.leads D.quits23.A.distinct B.absent C.free D.fresh24.A.hitupon B.calledoff C.carriedout D.objectedto25.A.Touched B.Backed C.Fueled D.Puzzled26.A.previous B.imaginary C.expected D.initial27.A.enhancing B.restricting C.funding D.disturbing28.A.remarkably B.fortunately C.physically D.repeatedly29.A.blocked B.littered C.exhibited D.classified30.A.threatened B.suspected C.criticized D.celebrated31.A.onaccountof B.onbehalfof C.inrecognitionof D.incontrastto32.A.benefiting B.emerging C.complaining D.starving33.A.power B.service C.wisdom D.concern34.A.protests B.whispers C.promises D.urges35.A.idea B.excuse C.identity D.impact〖答案〗21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.D27.C28.A29.B30.D31.C32.A33.B34.D35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是15歲的MateoLange通過他的社區(qū)回收項目，不僅回收了許多瓶子和易拉罐，而且為當(dāng)?shù)厍嗌倌陥F(tuán)體籌集了活動資金的故事?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：15歲的MateoLange很明白這一點。A.frightened害怕的；B.aware有意識的，明白；C.guilty愧疚的；D.ashamed羞愧的。根據(jù)下文中的“Onweekends,hewouldsortthroughglassandplasticbottlesandaluminum(鋁)cansinhishometown,IndianRiver,Michigan”可知，MateoLange總是在周末整理玻璃瓶、塑料瓶和鋁罐，由此可推斷，他應(yīng)該是很“明白”回收利用不僅有利于環(huán)境，還有意想不到的好處。故選B項。【22題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：周末，他總在家鄉(xiāng)密西根州的IndianRiver整理玻璃瓶、塑料瓶和鋁罐，他在那里領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著一個社區(qū)回收項目。A.ignores忽視；B.joins加入；C.leads引導(dǎo)；D.quits停止，戒掉。根據(jù)下文中的“Mateoinitiatedtheprogramwhenhewasinthesixthgrade,playingbaseballwiththeNorthernMichiganCyclones.”可知，Mateo六年前發(fā)起的這個項目，由此可知，此處指的是他“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”著社區(qū)的回收項目。故選C項。【23題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這支隊伍剛成立不久，面臨著為參加比賽籌集資金的挑戰(zhàn)。A.distinct清楚的；B.absent缺席的；C.free自由的；D.fresh新出現(xiàn)的。根據(jù)下文中的“andfacedthechallengeofraisingmoneyfortheirtraveltotournaments.”可知，該球隊面臨著參加比賽籌集資金的挑戰(zhàn)，由此可推斷，該球隊?wèi)?yīng)該是“新出現(xiàn)的”球隊。故選D項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：Mateo觀察了密歇根州道路上隨處可見的罐頭和瓶子，想到了一個解決辦法。A.hitupon突然想到；B.calledoff取消；C.carriedout實施，執(zhí)行；D.objectedto反對。根據(jù)上文中的“ObservingcansandbottlesthrowneverywherealongMichigan’sroads”可知，Mateo注意到密歇根州道路上隨處可見的罐頭和瓶子，結(jié)合下文指的solution可知，此處應(yīng)指的是“突然想到”一個解決辦法。故選A項?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在父親的幫助下，Mateo發(fā)起了一個收集瓶罐的活動，在短短幾周內(nèi)就籌集了7500美元。A.Touched觸動；B.Backed支持；C.Fueled加強(qiáng)，刺激；D.Puzzled使迷惑。根據(jù)下文中的“Mateostartedabottleandcandriveanditraised$7,500inamerefewweeks.”可知，Mateo發(fā)起了一個收集瓶罐的活動，在短短幾周內(nèi)就籌集了7500美元，由此可知，此處指的是在他父親的“支持”下，符合語境。故選B項?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最初的成功激勵著Mateo繼續(xù)努力。A.previous以前的；B.imaginary虛構(gòu)的；C.expected意料中的；D.initial最初的。根據(jù)上文中的“______byhisfather’sassistance,Mateostartedabottleandcandriveanditraised$7,500inamerefewweeks.”可知，Mateo發(fā)起了一個收集瓶罐的活動，在短短幾周內(nèi)就籌集了7500美元，由此可知，此處指的是Mateo“最初的”成功。故選D項。【27題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從那以后，Mateo的回收工作獲得了令人印象深刻的35萬美元，資助了至少50個當(dāng)?shù)厍嗄陥F(tuán)體。A.enhancing提高；B.restricting限制；C.funding資助