2023-2024學(xué)年湖南省岳陽市湘陰縣高一下學(xué)期期末英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省岳陽市湘陰縣2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASharon,Aged22Themostimportantthingtokeepinmindwhengoingintohighschoolistobeyourself.Besides,Idon’tknowwhatyourmiddleschoolwaslike,buthighschoolteacherswillnotcareaboutthingssuchashowmuchhomeworkyoualreadyhaveinonenight.It’sbesttojustlearntodealwiththingsandmanageyourtimewiselysoyoucanachieveeverythingyouneed.Frank,Aged21Ithinkalmosteverykidfeelsbothnervousandexcitedbeforetheirfirstday.Youwillprobablyloveit.IknowIdid.Youshouldjoininsomesportsoractivitiesthatwillmakeyourhighschoolexperiencemoreenjoyable.Goodluck！Eddie,Aged20WhenIstartedhighschoolIwasreallynervoustoo,especiallysinceIhadbeenhome-schooledallthroughmiddleschoolanddidn’treallyknowanyone,Isupposethebestadvicewouldbetojustrelax.Thefirstcoupleofdayscanbealittlebithard,butthingswillbecomeeasierafteryouknowit.David,Aged19I’mnotgoingtolie.Thefirstdayiskindoffrightening.Butyou’llgetusedtoit.Don’tbeafraidofanyone;upperclassmenwillpickonyoumoreifyouletthemknowyou’reafraid.Justtakeiteasy.Makingsomefriendsandstayingwiththemwillgreatlyhelpyougetusedtohighschoolquickly.Afterthefirstweekit’sreallynotbadatall.Don’tworry.1.WhatcanweinferfromSharonabouthighschool?A.Teachersarequitestrict.B.Studentsoftenstayupatnight.C.Teachersprovidelittlecareforstudents.D.Studentsshouldmakegooduseoftheirtime.2.HowdidEddiefeelonhisfirstdayofhighschool?A.Excited B.Bored. C.Worried. D.Relaxed.3.Whomentionstheimportanceoffriends?A.Frank. B.David. C.Sharon. D.Eddie.〖答案〗1.D2.C3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要通過幾個(gè)高中生的真實(shí)經(jīng)歷來講述如何快速適應(yīng)高中生活?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句“It’sbesttojustlearntodealwiththingsandmanageyourtimewiselysoyoucanachieveeverythingyouneedto.(最好是學(xué)會(huì)聰明地處理事情和管理你的時(shí)間，這樣你就可以完成你需要做的一切。)”可知，Sharon認(rèn)為學(xué)生們應(yīng)該好好地利用自己的時(shí)間。故選D項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句“WhenIstartedhighschoolIwasreallynervoustoo,especiallysinceIhadbeenhome-schooledallthroughmiddleschoolanddidn’treallyknowanyone(當(dāng)我剛進(jìn)高中時(shí)，我也非常緊張，尤其是因?yàn)槲艺麄€(gè)初中都是在家里接受教育，我不認(rèn)識(shí)任何人)”可知，Eddie剛進(jìn)高中的時(shí)候感到很焦慮緊張。故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第六句“Makingsomefriendsandstayingwiththemwillgreatlyhelpyougetusedtohighschoolquickly.(交一些朋友，和他們呆在一起會(huì)大大幫助你很快適應(yīng)高中生活。)”可知，David提到了朋友。故選B項(xiàng)。B“Creativityisthekeytoabrighterfuture,”sayeducationandbusinessexperts.Hereishowschoolsandparentscanencouragethisimportantskillinchildren.IfDickDrewhadlistenedtohisbossin1925,wemightnothavetheproductthatwenowthinkgreatlyimportant:anewtypeoftape.DrewworkedfortheMinnesotaMiningandManufacturingCompany.Atworkhedevelopedakindofmaterialstrongenoughtoholdthingstogether.Buthisbosstoldhimnottothinkmoreabouttheidea.Finally,usinghisowntime,Drewimprovedthetape,whichnowisusedeverywherebymanypeople.Andhisformercompanylearnedfromitsmistake.Nowitencouragespeopletospend15percentoftheirworkingtimejustthinkingaboutanddevelopingnewideas.Creativityisnotsomethingoneisjustbornwith,norisitnecessarilyacharacterofhighintelligence.Thefactthatapersonishighlyintelligentdoesnotmeanthatheusesitcreatively.Creativityisthematterofusingtheresourcesonehastoproducenewideasthataregoodforsomething.Unfortunately,schoolshavenottriedtoencouragecreativity.Withstrongattentiontotestresultsandthedevelopmentofreading,writingandmathematicalskills,manyeducatorsgiveupcreativityforcorrectanswers.Theresultisthatchildrencangaininformationbutcan’trecognizewaystouseitinnewsituations.Theymayknowtherulescorrectlybuttheyareunabletousethemtoworkoutpracticalproblems.Itisimportanttogivechildrenchoices.Fromtheearliestage,childrenshouldbeallowedtomakedecisionsandunderstandtheirresults.Evenifit’schoosingbetweentwofooditemsforlunch,decision-makinghelpsthinkingskills.Aschildrengrowolder,parentsshouldtrytoletthemdecidehowtousetheirtimeorspendtheirmoney.Thisisbecausethemostimportantcharacterofcreativepeopleisaverystrongdesiretofindawayoutoftrouble.4.WhatdidthecompanywhereDrewonceworkedlearnfromitsmistake?A.Itshouldencouragepeopletoworkalongertime.B.Peopleshouldbediscouragedtothinkfreely.C.Peoplewilldobetteriftheypayallattentiontotheirwork.D.Itisnecessaryforpeopletospendsomeoftheirworkingtimedevelopingnewideas.5.Whatcanweknowfromthepassageaboutcreativity?A.Itissomethingthatmostpeoplearebornwith.B.Itissomethingthathasnothingtodowithintelligenceatall.C.Itisawayofusingwhatonehaslearnedtoworkoutnewproblems.D.Itissomethingthatisnotimportanttothelifeinthefutureatall.6.Whydon’tschoolstrytoencouragecreativity?A.Theydon’tattachimportancetocreativityeducation.B.Theydon’twanttheirstudentstomakemistakes.C.Theypaynoattentiontoexaminationmarks.D.Theythinkitimpossibletodevelopcreativityinclass.7.Whatshouldtheparentsdowhentheirchildrendecidehowtospendtheirmoney?A.Allowthemtohaveatry.B.Trytohelpthemasmuchaspossible.C.Takenonoticeofwhatevertheydo.D.Orderthemtospendtheleastmoney.〖答案〗4.D5.C6.A7.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。本文講的是創(chuàng)造力是擁有一個(gè)更光明的未來的關(guān)鍵，它并非是人與生俱來的，需要后天的培養(yǎng)。不幸的是，學(xué)校對(duì)創(chuàng)造力的培養(yǎng)并不重視。學(xué)校和父母應(yīng)該重視對(duì)創(chuàng)造力的培養(yǎng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Andhisformercompanylearnedfromitsmistake.Nowitencouragespeopletospend15percentoftheirworkingtimejustthinkingaboutanddevelopingnewideas.(他的前公司從錯(cuò)誤中吸取了教訓(xùn)?，F(xiàn)在，它鼓勵(lì)人們把15%的工作時(shí)間花在思考和發(fā)展新想法上。)”可知，Drew的前公司從錯(cuò)誤中吸取了教訓(xùn)，認(rèn)為花時(shí)間思考和開發(fā)新的想法是很有必要的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Creativityisthematterofusingtheresourcesonehastoproducenewideasthataregoodforsomething.(創(chuàng)造力是指利用所擁有的資源來產(chǎn)生對(duì)某事有益的新想法。)”可知，創(chuàng)造力是一種利用所學(xué)知識(shí)來解決新問題的方法。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Withstrongattentiontotestresultsandthedevelopmentofreading,writingandmathematicalskills,manyeducatorsgiveupcreativityforcorrectanswers.(隨著對(duì)考試結(jié)果的高度關(guān)注以及閱讀、寫作和數(shù)學(xué)技能的發(fā)展，許多教育工作者放棄了尋找正確〖答案〗的創(chuàng)造力。)”可知，許多教育工作者并不重視創(chuàng)造力教育。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Aschildrengrowolder,parentsshouldtrytoletthemdecidehowtousetheirtimeorspendtheirmoney.(隨著孩子年齡的增長，父母應(yīng)該試著讓他們決定如何利用時(shí)間或花錢。)”可知，父母應(yīng)該試著讓孩子自己決定如何利用他們的時(shí)間或花錢。故選A項(xiàng)。CNewresearchsuggeststhatevenasimpleexerciseprogrammighthelpolderpeoplewithlightmemoryproblems.Doctorshavelongadvisedpatientstodophysicalactivitytohelpkeeptheirbrainshealthy.ButtheU.S.government-supportedresearchmarksthelongeststudyofwhetherexercisemakesanydifferenceoncememorystartstodecline(衰退).Researchersfoundaround300inactiveolderadultswithmemorychangescalledmildcognitiveimpairment(MCI)(輕度認(rèn)知障礙).Intheresearch,theparticipantsweredividedintotwogroupsandhalfofthemdidaerobic(有氧的)exercise,whiletherestdidstretchingandbalancemovementsthatraisedtheirheartratesalittle.Afterayear,testingofmentalactivityshowedneithergrouphadworsened,accordingtoleadresearcherLauraBakerofWakeForestUniversitySchoolofMedicine.Bycomparison,similarMCIpatientsinanotherlong-termstudyofbrainhealth-butwithoutexercise-experiencedcognitivedeclineoverayear.MariaCarrilloisthechiefscientificofficeroftheAlzheimer’sAssociation.Shesaidearlierresearchfoundregularphysicalactivityofanykindmayreducedamaginginflammation(炎癥)andincreasebloodflowtothebrain.Sheaddedthatthenewstudyisespeciallyinterestingbecausethepandemic(流行的)beganhalfwaythroughthestudy.Thatmeantthestudyparticipantsbecamesociallyisolated.Socialisolationhaslongbeenknowntoincreasepeople’sriskofmemoryproblems.Itisadifficulttimefordementia(癡呆)research.Doctorsarenotsureaboutprescribing(開處方)ahigh-pricednewdrugcalledAduhelm.Thedrugissupposedtobethefirsttoslowtheprogressionofdementiabutitisnotyetclearifitreallyhelpspatients.Researchersreportedanotherdrugthatworkssimilarlyfailedinanimportantstudy.Thereisgrowingurgency(緊急)tofindwhetherexercisecanofferatleastsomeprotection.Bakerwillleadanevenlargerstudyofolderadultstoseeifaddingexercisetootherstepssuchasahealthydiet,braingamesandsocialactivitiescanreducetheriskofdementia.8.Whatdoesthenewstudyfocuson?A.Waystoslowtheagingprocess. B.EffectivemedicinesforelderswithMCI.C.Theinfluenceofexerciseonelders’memory. D.Thecausesofdecliningmemoryinolderadults.9.Inwhichaspectwerethetwogroupsdifferentintermsofresearchdesign?A.Thedietplan. B.Theexercisetype.C.Theprofessionalbackground D.Previousphysicalcondition.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“That”inParagraph3referto?A.Theoutbreakofthepandemic. B.Thereductionofdamaginginflammation.C.Theincreaseinmemoryproblems. D.Socialisolation.11.WhatwillBakerdonextaccordingtothetext?A.FindouthowtolowerthepriceofAduhelm.B.Developanewdrugtohelppatientswithbraindiseases.C.Organizeawidevarietyofsocialactivitiesforolderpeople.D.Conductfurtherresearchonhowtoreducetheriskofdementia.〖答案〗8.C9.B10.A11.D【語篇解讀】這篇文章是一篇說明文，該研究表明即使是簡單的運(yùn)動(dòng)計(jì)劃也可能幫助有輕度記憶問題的老年人。這項(xiàng)研究是美國政府支持的，是迄今為止關(guān)于運(yùn)動(dòng)是否對(duì)已經(jīng)開始衰退的記憶有影響的最長研究?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的句子“Newresearchsuggeststhatevenasimpleexerciseprogrammighthelpolderpeoplewithlightmemoryproblems.(新研究表明，即使是簡單的運(yùn)動(dòng)計(jì)劃也可能幫助有輕微記憶問題的老年人。)”可知，新的研究關(guān)注的是運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)老年人記憶的影響。故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子“Intheresearch,theparticipantsweredividedintotwogroupsandhalfofthemdidaerobic(有氧的)exercise,whiletherestdidstretchingandbalancemovementsthatraisedtheirheartratesalittle.(在這項(xiàng)研究中，參與者被分成兩組，其中一半人進(jìn)行了有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)，而另一半人則進(jìn)行了一些輕微提高心率的伸展和平衡運(yùn)動(dòng)。)”可知，兩組在運(yùn)動(dòng)類型上有所不同。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】詞句猜測題。第三段中的“that”指代的是上文提到的“thepandemicbeganhalfwaythroughthestudy(疫情在研究進(jìn)行到一半時(shí)開始了)”，即疫情的爆發(fā)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的句子“Bakerwillleadanevenlargerstudyofolderadultstoseeifaddingexercisetootherstepssuchasahealthydiet,braingamesandsocialactivitiescanreducetheriskofdementia.(貝克將領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一項(xiàng)更大規(guī)模的針對(duì)老年人的研究，以查看是否通過增加運(yùn)動(dòng)以及其他措施，如健康飲食、大腦游戲和社交活動(dòng)，可以降低患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。)”可知，Baker將領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一個(gè)更大型的研究，以查看是否通過增加運(yùn)動(dòng)和其他步驟，如健康飲食、大腦游戲和社交活動(dòng)，可以減少患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)。DSurfingtheInternetforfunwillmakeyouabetteremployee,accordingtoanAustralianstudy.TheUniversityofMelbournestudyshowsthatpeoplewhousetheInternetfortheirownreasonsatworkareabout9percentmoreproductivethanthosewhodonot.StudyauthorBrentCokersaid,“SurfingtheInternetattimeshelpsincreaseanemployee’sattention.”“Peopleneedtorelaxforabittogetbacktheirattention,”Cokersaidontheuniversity’swebsite.“Havingashortbreak,suchasaquicksurfingoftheInternet,helpsthemindtorestitself,andasaresult,increasesproductivity,”hesaid.Accordingtothestudyof300workers,70percentofpeoplewhousetheInternetatworksurftheInternetfortheirownreasonsduringofficehours.Amongthemostpopularsurfingactivitiesaresearchingforinformationaboutproducts,readingonlinenews,playingonlinegamesandwatchingvideos.“Firmsspendalotofmoneyonsoftwaretoblocktheiremployeesfromwatchingvideos,usingsocialnetworkingsitesorshoppingonline,”saidCoker.“That’snotalwaysagoodidea.”However,CokersaidthestudylookedatpeoplewhosurfedtheInternetinmoderation(適度),orwereontheInternetforlessthan20percentoftheirtotaltimeintheoffice.“ThosewhospendtoomuchtimesurfingtheInternetwillhavealowerproductivitythanthosewithout,”hesaid.12.WhatdoestheUniversityofMelbournestudymainlyshow?A.PeoplewhosurftheInternetaregoodemployees.B.NoteveryonesurfstheInternetforfunduringofficehours.C.SurfingtheInternetforfunduringofficehoursincreasesproductivity.D.TheInternetisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantinpeople’slife.13.WhatwouldBrentCokermostprobablyagreeaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Thelongeraperson’smindrests,thebetterattentionhewillhave.B.SurfingtheInternetisthebestwaytoincreaseproductivity.C.Workersshouldhavealongbreakduringofficehours.D.Workersshouldlettheirmindsrestnowandthen.14.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasoneofthemostpopularsurfingactivities?A.Watchingvideos. B.Readingonlinenews.C.Readingonlinenovels. D.Playingonlinegames.15.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.SpendingtoomuchtimesurfingtheInternetreducesproductivity.B.ThosewhoneversurftheInternethavethelowestproductivity.C.Mostpeopledon’tsurftheInternetinmoderationduringofficehours.D.PeopleshouldspendaslittletimeaspossiblesurfingtheInternet.〖答案〗12.C13.D14.C15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了澳大利亞的一項(xiàng)研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)上網(wǎng)尋找樂趣會(huì)讓你成為一個(gè)更好的員工?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“TheUniversityofMelbournestudyshowsthatpeoplewhousetheInternetfortheirownreasonsatworkareabout9percentmoreproductivethanthosewhodonot.”（墨爾本大學(xué)的這項(xiàng)研究表明，在工作中出于個(gè)人原因上網(wǎng)的人比不上網(wǎng)的人的工作效率高出9%左右）可知，墨爾本大學(xué)的研究主要表明在辦公時(shí)間上網(wǎng)消遣可以提高員工的工作效率。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Havingashortbreak,suchasaquicksurfingoftheInternet,helpsthemindtorestitself,andasaresult,increasesproductivity”（短暫休息一下，比如快速瀏覽一下互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，可以幫助大腦休息一下，從而提高工作效率）可知，BrentCoker認(rèn)為工人們應(yīng)該時(shí)不時(shí)地讓他們的大腦休息一下，這樣他們的工作效率才會(huì)提高。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Amongthemostpopularsurfingactivitiesaresearchingforinformationaboutproducts,readingonlinenews,playingonlinegamesandwatchingvideos.”（最受歡迎的上網(wǎng)活動(dòng)包括搜索產(chǎn)品信息、閱讀在線新聞、玩網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲和看視頻。）可知，在文章中沒有提到在線閱讀小說是最受歡迎的上網(wǎng)活動(dòng)之一。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中最后一句“ThosewhospendtoomuchtimesurfingtheInternetwillhavealowerproductivitythanthosewithout”（那些花太多時(shí)間上網(wǎng)的人的工作效率會(huì)比不上網(wǎng)的人低）可知,那些花太多時(shí)間上網(wǎng)會(huì)降低工作效率會(huì)低。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Inthespringandsummermonths,thunderstormsarecommon.___16___.However,inthunderstorms,lightningcanstrikepeopleandbuildingsandisverydangerous.Itwasreportedthatamanwasstruckbylightningwhenhewasmakingaphonecallunderatree.Hediedatonce.Youmaynotknowit,butnearly1,800thunderstormsarehappeningatanymomentaroundtheworld.___17___.Sowhatshouldyoudoduringalightningstorm?Scientistssaythataperson’schancesofbeingstruckbylightningare1in600,000.___18___.Ifyouareindoorsduringathunderstorm:·Stayawayfromanythingthatismetalbecauselightningcancomeintothehousethroughit.·Don’tstandnearthewindows.·Don’ttakeashowerorbath.Lightningcantravelthroughwater.·Neverusethephone.___19___.Ifyouarecaughtinathunderstormoutdoors:·___20___.Ifthere’snobuildingaround,trytofindalowplacetostayin.·Donotgounderatreebecausethelightningcouldhitthetreeandtravelthroughthetreetohityou.·Neveruseacellphone.A.Actually,manypeoplearekilledbylightningeveryyearB.TrytogethomeassoonaspossibleC.Sincetheyhappenoften,somepeopledon’ttakethemseriouslyD.GointoanearbybuildingorcarrightawayE.LightningcouldtravelthroughthephonelineandhityouF.ButitisveryimportantforustolearnaboutlightningG.Fortunately,youcanreducethosechancesbyfollowingthesesafetyrules〖答案〗16.C17.A18.G19.E20.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何避免遭受雷擊的一些安全措施。【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Inthespringandsummermonths,thunderstormsarecommon.”（在春季和夏季，雷暴是很常見的。）可知，空處與上文形成因果關(guān)系，既然經(jīng)常會(huì)發(fā)生雷雨，人們可能不會(huì)認(rèn)真對(duì)待這件事。C項(xiàng)：Sincetheyhappenoften,somepeopledon’ttakethemseriously（因?yàn)樗鼈兘?jīng)常發(fā)生，所以有些人不把它們當(dāng)回事）符合語境。故選C。【17題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Itwasreportedthatamanwasstruckbylightningwhenhewasmakingaphonecallunderatree.Hediedatonce.Youmaynotknowit,butnearly1,800thunderstormsarehappeningatanymomentaroundtheworld.”（據(jù)報(bào)道，一個(gè)男人在樹下打電話時(shí)被閃電擊中。他立刻死了。你可能不知道，世界各地每時(shí)每刻都有近1800場雷暴發(fā)生。任何人。）可知，每年都會(huì)有人死于雷擊。A項(xiàng)：Actually,manypeoplearekilledbylightningeveryyear（事實(shí)上，每年都有很多人死于雷擊）符合語境。故選A?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Sowhatshouldyoudoduringalightningstorm?”（那么在雷暴中你應(yīng)該做什么呢？）可知，此處表示有應(yīng)對(duì)的方法。G項(xiàng)：Fortunately,youcanreducethosechancesbyfollowingthesesafetyrules（幸運(yùn)的是，你可以通過遵循這些安全規(guī)則來減少這樣的機(jī)會(huì)。）符合語境。故選G。【19題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Neverusethephone.”（千萬不要用電話。）可知，空處和“phone”有關(guān)。E項(xiàng)：Lightningcouldtravelthroughthephonelineandhityou（閃電可以穿過電話線打到你）符合語境。故選E?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Ifthere’snobuildingaround,trytofindalowplacetostayin.”（如果周圍沒有建筑，試著找一個(gè)低的地方待著）可知，下文提到了沒有建筑的情況，由此推知空處應(yīng)提到周圍有建筑的情況。“building”是關(guān)鍵詞。D項(xiàng)：Gointoanearbybuildingorcarrightaway（立即進(jìn)入附近的建筑物或汽車）符合語境。故選D。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)動(dòng)(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Einsteinwasnotonlytheoutstandingscientistofthe20thcentury,butalsoagiftedandenthusiastic(滿腔熱忱的)musician.Heoncesaidthatifhehadn’tbeenascientist,hewouldhavebeena____21____.“Lifewithoutplayingmusicisunthinkableforme,”hesaid.“Igetmost____22____inlifeoutofmusic.”Einstein’smotherwasatalentedpianistwho____23____musictolifeinthefamilyhome.Einsteinbegantolearnthe____24____attheageofsix,however,heworkedharduntilhe____25____thejoysofMozart’ssonatas(奏鳴曲)attheageof13.Fromthat____26____on,althoughhehadnofurtherlessons,hisviolin____27____hiscompanion（伴侶）.WhenEinsteinmovedtoAarauinSwitzerlandin1895tocompletehisschooling,heseemedtohave____28____muchofhistimetomusic.Justbeforehis17thbirthday,Einsteinplayedatthemusic____29____intheschool,theexaminerreportedthat“astudentcalledEinsteinshoneinthe_____30_____feltperformanceofoneoftheBeethovensonatas”.Inadditiontohisgreat_____31_____inplayingtheviolin,healsoplayedthepianoand,_____32_____,lovedtoimprovise（即興創(chuàng)作）.Inlatelife,Einstein’sreputation(聲譽(yù))asaphysicistoftenledto_____33_____toperformatbenefitconcerts,whichhegenerallyacceptedhappily.Probablythe_____34_____oftheviolinistEinsteinthatcomesnearesttothemarkcomesfromhisfriendJanosPlesch.whowrote“Therearemanymusicianswithmuch_____35_____skills,butnone,Ibelieve,whoeverplayedwithmoresincerityordeeperfeeling.”21.A.physician B.musician C.politician D.reporter22.A.joy B.money C.idea D.energy23.A.played B.sent C.create D.brought24.A.violin B.piano C.knowledge D.game25.A.loved B.tracked C.discovered D.confirmed26.A.location B.space C.access D.point27.A.turned B.remained C.appeared D.seemed28.A.devoted B.spent C.lost D.wasted29.A.performance B.presentation C.exhibition D.examination30.A.hardly B.deeply C.carelessly D.honestly31.A.skill B.patience C.care D.courage32.A.afterall B.inparticular C.atlarge D.byaccident33.A.contributions B.applications C.invitations D.prizes34.A.reaction B.destination C.summary D.instruction35.A.broader B.funnier C.wilder D.better〖答案〗21.B22.A23.D24.A25.C26.D27.B28.A29.D30.B31.A32.B33.C34.C35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述科學(xué)家愛因斯坦還是一名有天賦的音樂家，講述他對(duì)音樂的熱愛以及音樂技巧的高超?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他曾經(jīng)說過，如果他不是一個(gè)科學(xué)家，他可能會(huì)成為一個(gè)音樂家。A.physician內(nèi)科醫(yī)生；B.musician音樂家；C.politician政治家；D.reporter記者。根據(jù)上文“Einsteinwasnotonlytheoutstandingscientistofthe20thcentury,butalsoagiftedandenthusiastic(滿腔熱忱的)musician.”可知，應(yīng)該是音樂家，故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：音樂是我生活中最大的樂趣。A.joy樂趣；B.money錢；C.idea想法；D.energy精力。根據(jù)上文“Lifewithoutplayingmusicisunthinkableforme”，可推斷音樂是我生活中最大的樂趣。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：愛因斯坦的母親是一位才華橫溢的鋼琴家，她把音樂帶給了家庭生活。A.played演奏；B.sent派遣；C.create創(chuàng)造；D.brought帶來。根據(jù)上文“Einstein’smotherwasatalentedpianist”，可知是愛因斯坦的母親把音樂帶到了家庭生活中，故選D?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：愛因斯坦在六歲時(shí)開始學(xué)習(xí)小提琴，然而，他努力學(xué)習(xí)，直到他在13歲的時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)莫扎特奏鳴曲的樂趣。A.violin小提琴；B.piano鋼琴；C.knowledge知識(shí)；D.game游戲。根據(jù)下文“althoughhehadnofurtherlessons,hisviolin________hiscompanion（伴侶）.”可知，本句中應(yīng)是小提琴，故選A?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.loved熱愛；B.tracked跟蹤；C.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.confirmed確認(rèn)。同前文中音樂是他生活中最大的樂趣相呼應(yīng)，所以發(fā)現(xiàn)樂趣符合語境，故選C?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從那時(shí)起，盡管他沒有再上小提琴課，但他的小提琴一直陪伴著他。A.location位置；B.space空間；C.access入口；D.point時(shí)刻。根據(jù)上文“untilhe________thejoysofMozart’ssonatas(奏鳴曲)attheageof13.”，可知是從那個(gè)時(shí)刻起，小提琴一直陪伴他，故選D?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.turned變成；B.remained保持；C.appeared出現(xiàn)；D.seemed似乎。根據(jù)上文“althoughhehadnofurtherlessons”，可知上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以是他的小提琴一直陪伴著他。故選B?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：1895年，愛因斯坦搬到瑞士阿勞完成學(xué)業(yè)，他似乎在音樂上投入了大量時(shí)間。A.devoted投入；B.spent花費(fèi)；C.lost失去；D.wasted浪費(fèi)。根據(jù)下文“muchofhistimetomusic”，可知是投入大量的時(shí)間，并且devote…to，意為“貢獻(xiàn)給……”，根據(jù)語意，故選A?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在他17歲生日之前，愛因斯坦在學(xué)校的音樂考試中演奏，考官報(bào)告說，“一個(gè)叫愛因斯坦的學(xué)生在演奏貝多芬奏鳴曲時(shí)表現(xiàn)得非常出色?！盇.performance表演；B.presentation介紹；C.exhibition展覽；D.examination考試。根據(jù)下文的“theexaminer”，可知應(yīng)該是音樂考試，故選D?！?0題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.hardly幾乎不；B.deeply深刻地；C.carelessly粗心地；D.honestly誠實(shí)地。根據(jù)下文的“Inadditiontohisgreat________inplayingtheviolin,healsoplayedthepiano”，可知是表演的非常出色，是給人深刻印象地表演，更符合語境，故選B?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：除了小提琴的高超技巧外，他還彈鋼琴，尤其喜歡即興創(chuàng)作。A.skill技巧；B.patience耐心；C.care關(guān)心；D.courage勇氣。根據(jù)下文“healsoplayedthepianoand,________,lovedtoimprovise（即興創(chuàng)作）.”，可知本句是在贊揚(yáng)愛因斯坦的音樂技巧，故選A。【32題詳析】考查固定短語辨析。句意：同上。A.afterall畢竟；B.inparticular尤其；C.atlarge一般說來；D.byaccident偶然地。根據(jù)上文“Inadditiontohisgreat________inplayingtheviolin,healsoplayedthepiano”，可知是贊揚(yáng)愛因斯坦的音樂技巧，“尤其”更符合語境，故選B?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在晚年，愛因斯坦作為物理學(xué)家的聲譽(yù)經(jīng)常使他受邀在慈善音樂會(huì)表演，他通常很高興地接受了邀請(qǐng)。A.contributions貢獻(xiàn)；B.applications申請(qǐng)；C.invitations邀請(qǐng)；D.prizes獎(jiǎng)品。根據(jù)下文“performatbenefitconcerts”，可知是受邀請(qǐng)去演奏，故選C?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：也許最接近愛因斯坦的總結(jié)來自他的朋友JanosPlesch，他寫道：“有很多音樂家的技巧比他好得多，但我相信，沒有一個(gè)人的演奏比他更真誠或更有感情?！盇.reaction反應(yīng)；B.destination目的地；C.summary總結(jié)；D.instruction說明。根據(jù)下文“Therearemanymusicianswithmuch________skills,butnone,Ibelieve,whoeverplayedwithmoresincerityordeeperfeeling.”，可知是對(duì)愛因斯坦對(duì)音樂的熱愛的總結(jié)，故選C。【35題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.broader較廣泛的；B.funnier更滑稽的；C.wilder更狂熱的；D.better更好的。本句中是愛因斯坦和其他音樂家技巧的比較，并且前后轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該是更好的，故選D。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheAmazonrainforest,thelargestrainforestintheworld,playsa___36___(significance)roleinmaintainingthebalanceoftheEarth’secosystem.Itcrossesintoeightcountries,___37___(include)BrazilandPeru.Withanareaofabout6millionsquarekilometres,___38___rainforestismorethanhalfthesizeofChina.Morethan40,000speciesofplantscan___39___(find)intheAmazon.Theforest’sdifferentlevelsprovidefoodandshelterforanunbelievable___40___(vary)ofwildlife.Morethan1,300speciesofbirdsandover400speciesof___41___(mammal)hideinthejungle.TheAmazonrainforestbreatheslifeintotheplanetby___42___(fix)carbonandproducingover20percentofalltheEarth’soxygen.Thisis___43___itisknownasthe“l(fā)ungsoftheplanet”.Moreover,therainforestisatreasurehouseofspeciesthatcanbeusedforfoodormedicine.___44___,overthepast50years,about17percentoftherainforest____45____(disappear)duetohumanactivitiessuchasagricultureandcattlefarming.〖答案〗36.significant37.including38.the39.befound40.variety41.mammals42.fixing43.why44.However45.hasdisappeared【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了亞馬遜雨林是全球最大雨林，對(duì)生態(tài)平衡至關(guān)重要，擁有豐富的生物多樣性，被稱為“地球之肺”，同時(shí)也是藥物和食物的重要來源。但由于人類活動(dòng)，如農(nóng)業(yè)和畜牧業(yè)，已有大量雨林消失?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：亞馬遜雨林是世界上最大的雨林，在維持地球生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡方面發(fā)揮著重要作用?？仗幨切揎梤ole的定語，significance的形容詞形式significant符合題意，意為“重要的”。故填significant?！?7題詳析】考查介詞。句意：它橫跨八個(gè)國家，包括巴西和秘魯。句子主干成分完整，結(jié)合空后名詞短語“BrazilandPeru”可知，此處指“包括巴西和秘魯”，空處應(yīng)用介詞including，意為“包括”。故填including。【38題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：雨林面積約為600萬平方公里，面積超過中國的一半?？仗幈硎咎刂?，指上文提到的TheAmazonrainforest，應(yīng)用定冠詞the。故填the。【39題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)。句意：在亞馬遜可以找到4萬多種植物?？仗幒蚦an構(gòu)成句子的謂語，find“發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到”和主語Morethan40,000speciesofplants之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填befound?！?0題詳析】考查名詞。句意：森林的不同層次為種類繁多的野生動(dòng)物提供了食物和庇護(hù)所。空處被anunbelievable修飾，應(yīng)用名詞variety“種類，品種”，固定短語avarietyof意為“各種各樣的”。故填variety。【41題詳析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：1300多種鳥類和400多種哺乳動(dòng)物隱藏在叢林中。空處作of的賓語，根據(jù)“400speciesof”可知，mammal“哺乳動(dòng)物”應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填mammals?！?2題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：亞馬遜雨林通過固定碳和生產(chǎn)超過20%的地球氧氣，為地球呼吸生命?？仗幾鱞y的賓語，應(yīng)用fix“固定”的動(dòng)名詞形式。故填fixing?！?3題詳析】考查表語從句。句意：這就是為什么它被稱為“地球之肺”?？仗幰龑?dǎo)名詞性從句作表語，結(jié)合上一句內(nèi)容可知，從句中缺少原因狀語，空處需表達(dá)“為什么，為何”，應(yīng)用連接副詞why作引導(dǎo)詞。故填why?！?4題詳析】考查副詞。句意：然而，在過去的50年里，由于農(nóng)業(yè)和畜牧業(yè)等人類活動(dòng)，大約17%的雨林已經(jīng)消失。上文強(qiáng)調(diào)雨林的重要性，下文指出很多雨林已經(jīng)消失，上下文語義構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，且空后有逗號(hào)，因此空處應(yīng)用意為“然而”的副詞however連接上下文，且句首單詞的首字母需大寫。故填However?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：然而，在過去的50年里，由于農(nóng)業(yè)和畜牧業(yè)等人類活動(dòng)，大約17%的雨林已經(jīng)消失?？仗幾骶渥拥闹^語，時(shí)間狀語為overthepast50years，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，about17percentoftherainforest作主語，therainforest為單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填hasdisappeared。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)46.假設(shè)你是李華，上周六你校學(xué)生會(huì)舉辦了“走進(jìn)社區(qū)，服務(wù)大家”的公益活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你為校英文報(bào)寫一篇報(bào)道。內(nèi)容包括：1.活動(dòng)過程。2.你的收獲與感悟。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡的相應(yīng)位置作答；3.題文為：Students’VoluntaryworkinaCommunity；4.公益活動(dòng)Sociallyusefulactivity.Publicbenefitactivities.社區(qū)Community.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________〖答案〗Students’VoluntaryworkinaCommunityLastSaturdaywitnessedavoluntaryactivityorganizedbytheStudents’unioninthenearbycommunitythemedat“Stepintothecommunityserve.”,whichwaswellreceivedbytheneighborhood.Theeventwasfilledwithmeaningfulactivities,andthevoluntaryworkstartedfromnineo'clock,lastingforthreehours.UponourarrivalatthelocalcommunityCenter,webegantoconductdifferenttasks,notonlydidwecleanpublicspaces,butalsoweassistedtheelderwiththeirdailytasks.Additionally,weorganizedahealthyawarenesscampaign,educatingresidentsonhealthylivinghabits.Allthestudentsinvolvedparticipatedwithgreatenthusiasm.Ideeplyrealizedthesignificanceofcommunityengagementandthefufillmentvoluntaryworksbrings.第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Ayoungandsuccessfulmanagerwastravelingdownaneighborhoodstreet,goingabittoofastinhisnewJaguar.Hewaswatchingforkidsdartingout(竄出)frombetweenparkedcarsandsloweddownwhenhethoughthesawsomething.Ashiscarpassed,nochildrenappeared.Instead,abrickhitviolentlyintotheJagssidedoor!HesteppedonthebrakesandbackedhisJagbacktothespotwherethebrickhadbeenthrown.Theangrydriverthenjumpedoutofthecar,grabbedthenearestkidandpushedhimupagainst