2023-2024學(xué)年山東省聊城市高一下學(xué)期期末英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省聊城市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共10小題；每小題3分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ARingofFire:TheMusicofJohnnyCashRingofFiretellsthestoryofJohnnyCashthroughhismusic.Fromcountryrockandrolltoemotionalballads(民謠)ofloveandfaith,Cash’scelebratedsongshighlighttheincrediblestrugglesandachievementsduringhislife.LOCATION:DruryLaneTheatreSTARTDATE:Friday,August30thENDDATE:Tuesday,October22ndBlueManGroupBlueManGroupiscomedy,theater,androckconcertsallrolledintoone.Havingrecentlycelebratedits25thanniversaryattheBriarStreetTheatre,thiswildlypopularphenomenondeliversanunforgettablemulti-sensoryexperience.Asthreebluemenexploreourworld,togetherwe’lldiscovermusic,laughterandsurprisesateveryturn.LOCATION:BriarStreetTheatreSTARTDATE:Saturday,June15thENDDATE:Tuesday,December31stJohnWangendoandYanceyHughesThesetwoexhibitionspresenttheworksofJohnWangendoandYanceyHughesasadetailedportrait(描繪)ofthelives,experiences,andcharacteristicsofAfricanyouthandtheculturalcontexttheybelongto.Drawinginspirationfromtheirculturaloriginsandsurroundingenvironments,theirextraordinarymediumsandopinionsofferadynamicviewofcontemporaryyouthinAfrica.Theseexhibitionswillbecurated(策劃)byFranJoy,anindependentcurator.LOCATION:EvanstonArtCenterSTARTDATE:Sunday,October6thENDDATE:Wednesday,November6thFallFestThisyear’sfestivalfeatureswell-organizedattractionsthroughoutthezoo,includingaFunSlide,apumpkin-filledHarvestMaze,andmuchmore.Guestscanenjoyfreemusicalentertainment,storytimes,professionalpumpkincarvers,andfall-themedenrichmentfortheanimals.Everyweekendwilloffersomethingnew!FallFestisaFREEeventandregistrationisnotrequired.LOCATION:LincolnParkZooSTARTDATE:Friday,September27thENDDATE:Sunday,October27th1.Inwhichplacecanguestsknowabouttheupsanddownsofafamoussinger?A.DruryLaneTheatre. B.BriarStreetTheatre.C.EvanstonArtCenter. D.LincolnParkZoo.2.WhatisthemainfocusofthetwoexhibitionsorganizedbyFranJoy?A.Portrait-drawingtechniques. B.Africanyouthandtheirculture.C.EnvironmentalissuesinAfrica. D.John’sandYancey’slifeexperiences.3.WhatdoBlueManGroupandFallFesthaveincommon?A.Theybotharefreeofcharge. B.Theybothlastforonemonth.C.Theybothhavebandperformers. D.Theybothinvolvemusicalactivities.〖答案〗1.A2.B3.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)活動(dòng)的情況?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一部分“RingofFiretellsthestoryofJohnnyCashthroughhismusic.Fromcountryrockandrolltoemotionalballads(民謠)ofloveandfaith,Cash’scelebratedsongshighlighttheincrediblestrugglesandachievementsduringhislife.(《火之環(huán)》通過約翰尼·卡什的音樂講述了他的故事。從鄉(xiāng)村搖滾到愛情和信仰的情感民謠，卡什的著名歌曲突出了他一生中令人難以置信的掙扎和成就)”以及“LOCATION:DruryLaneTheatre(地點(diǎn)：德魯里巷劇院)”可知，在德魯里巷劇院客人可以知道一個(gè)著名歌手的起起落落。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三部分“Drawinginspirationfromtheirculturaloriginsandsurroundingenvironments,theirextraordinarymediumsandopinionsofferadynamicviewofcontemporaryyouthinAfrica.Theseexhibitionswillbecurated(策劃)byFranJoy,anindependentcurator.(從他們的文化起源和周圍環(huán)境中汲取靈感，他們非凡的媒介和觀點(diǎn)為非洲當(dāng)代青年提供了一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)的視角。這些展覽將由獨(dú)立策展人FranJoy策劃)”可知，F(xiàn)ranJoy組織的兩個(gè)展覽的主要焦點(diǎn)是非洲青年和他們的文化。故選B。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BlueManGroup部分中“BlueManGroupiscomedy,theater,androckconcertsallrolledintoone.(BlueManGroup集喜劇、戲劇和搖滾音樂會(huì)于一體)”以及最后一部分“Guestscanenjoyfreemusicalentertainment,storytimes,professionalpumpkincarvers,andfall-themedenrichmentfortheanimals.(客人可以享受免費(fèi)的音樂娛樂，故事時(shí)間，專業(yè)的南瓜雕刻，和秋天為主題的豐富的動(dòng)物)”可知，BlueManGroup和FallFest的共同之處是兩者都涉及音樂活動(dòng)。故選D。BIhatelosses.Twomonthsago,IwentcrazywhenIlookedforthewalletI’dlost.Checkingeverypocket,Igotincreasinglyanxious.Themoney,thecreditcards,thedriver’slicense,andthesocialsecuritycardinmywalletkeptflashingthroughmymind.Whoeverfoundthewalletcouldstealmyidentity,runuphugeexpenses,andputmeinfinancialdanger!Myheartwaspounding.IfeltsoflusteredthatIdidn’tgotowork,notknowingwhattodo.Subsequently,Icalledthecreditcardcompaniesandcanceledmycards.ThenIrealizedthatIdrovewithoutalicense,soItooktimeofftogototheregistrytogetanewone.Thatnight,Icouldn’tsleep.Ihadapaininmychest.IthoughtIwashavingaheartattack.Afteracoupleofhoursoftestsatthehospital,Iwastoldthatitwasjustananxietyattack.Losingmywalletwasnobigdeal;Ijusthadtocancelthecards,getanewlicense,andbuyanewwallet.Ilostafewbills,butsowhat?However,Iwasdeeplytroubledbyit.Frankly,weallhatelosses.DanielKahneman,anIsraelipsychologist,foundthatpeoplearegenerallymoreafraidoflosingthingsthanthey’reeagertogain.Thisphenomenoniscalledlossaversion(厭惡).Inatypicalstudy,whenpeoplewereaskediftheywouldratherget$500forsureoralotteryticket(彩票)witha50-50chanceofwinning$1000,theygenerallychosetheformer.Butwhentheywereaskediftheywouldratherlose$500forsureorgetalotteryticketthatoffers50percentchanceoflosing$1000,mostpeoplechosetotaketherisk.Inbothcases,thechancesarethesamebutpeople’schoicesaredifferent.Infact,theemotionsassociatedwithlossformedalongtimeago.Losswasalwaysfrighteninganddamagingforpeoplethen,andit’sstillwithus.Indeed,that’swhyIblewthesimplelossofawalletoutofproportion.4.Whathappenedtotheauthortwomonthsago?A.Hefacedafinancialcrisis. B.Hesufferedaheartattack.C.Helosthiswallet. D.Hewasblamedbyhisboss.5.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“flustered”inparagraph2?A.Embarrassed. B.Tired. C.Strange. D.Upset.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.Itishardtowinthelottery.B.Peopletendtoloselessinordertogetmorelater.C.Itisworthtakingriskstogetasmallfortune.D.Peoplepreferavoidinglossestogettingpossiblebenefits.7.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthestory?A.Toexplainwhatlossaversionis. B.Tocomplainabouthismisfortuneinhislife.C.Toprovideadviceonprotectingpersonalproperty. D.Topersuadepeopletoconcentrateontheirwork.〖答案〗4.C5.D6.D7.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章作者通過自身丟錢包的經(jīng)歷，解釋了什么是損失厭惡?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Twomonthsago,IwentcrazywhenIlookedforthewalletI’dlost.(兩個(gè)月前，當(dāng)我尋找丟失的錢包時(shí)，我發(fā)瘋了)”可知，兩個(gè)月前作者丟了錢包。故選C。【5題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“thatIdidn’tgotowork,notknowingwhattodo”以及第二段“Subsequently,Icalledthecreditcardcompaniesandcanceledmycards.ThenIrealizedthatIdrovewithoutalicense,soItooktimeofftogototheregistrytogetanewone.(隨后，我打電話給信用卡公司取消了我的信用卡。然后我意識(shí)到我沒有駕照，所以我請(qǐng)假去登記處辦了一張新駕照)”可知，作者丟了錢包很沮喪，沒有去上班，不知道該做什么，處理了很多事情。故劃線詞意思是“沮喪的”。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“DanielKahneman,anIsraelipsychologist,foundthatpeoplearegenerallymoreafraidoflosingthingsthanthey’reeagertogain.Thisphenomenoniscalledlossaversion(厭惡).(以色列心理學(xué)家丹尼爾·卡尼曼發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們通常更害怕失去東西，而不是渴望得到東西。這種現(xiàn)象被稱為損失厭惡)”可知，人們寧愿避免損失，也不愿獲得可能的利益。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Frankly,weallhatelosses.DanielKahneman,anIsraelipsychologist,foundthatpeoplearegenerallymoreafraidoflosingthingsthanthey’reeagertogain.Thisphenomenoniscalledlossaversion(厭惡).(坦率地說，我們都討厭損失。以色列心理學(xué)家丹尼爾·卡尼曼發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們通常更害怕失去東西，而不是渴望得到東西。這種現(xiàn)象被稱為損失厭惡)”結(jié)合文章通過自身丟錢包的經(jīng)歷，解釋了什么是損失厭惡?？芍?，作者寫這個(gè)故事的目的是解釋什么是損失厭惡。故選A。CInsecticides(殺蟲劑)containingflupyradifuroneandsulfoxaflor,chemicalsconsideredharmlesstobeesandbumblebeeswhenapproved,canhavedamagingeffectsonthehealthofhoneybees.Thechemicalsaremorelikelytomakebeessufferfromdiseasesandshortentheirlifespan.ThiswasproveninascientificstudythatwaspublishedinScienceoftheTotalEnvironment.ItwasconductedatMartinLutherUniversityofHalle-Wittenberg(MLU)andtheHelmholtzCentreforEnvironmentalResearch(UFZ).Forthestudy,honeybeesthatwerefreefromenvironmentalinfluenceswerefirstbred(培育)inthelab.“Wewantedtocontroleveryrespectofthebees’lives,”saysDr.YahyaAlNaggar,thebiologistwholedtheprojectatMLUandwhonowworksatTantaUniversityinEgypt.Allbeesweregiventhesamefoodatfirst.Theywerethendividedintoseveralgroupsanddifferentinsecticideswereaddedtotheirfood.Onegroupwasgivenflupyradifurone,whileanotherwasgivensulfoxaflor.BothchemicalsareapprovedinsecticidesinGermany,althoughtheiruseisnowlimitedtogreenhouses.Overaperiodoftendays,theteamobservedwhethertheinsecticideshadanyeffectonthebeesand,ifso,what.Theyfoundthattheinsecticideswereanythingbutharmless:Aroundhalfofallthebeeswhosedietincludedflupyradifuronediedduringthestudy.Whilesulfoxaflorproducedsimilareffects,morebeessurvivedthediet.Asthestudywasconductedinalabtoavoidexternalinfluences,itisunclearwhetherthesameresultscanbefoundinnature.“Thebeesmightbeabletofullyoratleastpartlymakeupforthenegativeeffects——ortheeffectsoftheinsecticidescouldwellbeevengreater,”concludesDrTesfayeWubetfromUFZ.Withthisinmind,theteamcallsforthepotentialeffectsofnewinsecticidesonbeneficialinsectstoberesearchedbetterbeforetheinsecticidesareapproved.8.Whatdidtheresearchersdointhebeginningoftheresearch?A.Theyraisedbeesintheirlab.B.Theymeasuredthebees’sizes.C.Theycollectedbeesfromvariousplaces.D.Theygavethebeesdifferentkindsoffood.9.Whichofthefollowingwouldtheresearchersprobablyagreeon?A.Researchoninsectsshouldbedoneinnature.B.Thenumberofbeesinnaturewillgreatlydrop.C.Newinsecticidesneedmoreresearch.D.Insecticidesshouldbepreventedfrombeingused.10.Whichwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AreBeesReallyBeneficialInsects?B.AreApprovedInsecticidesReallyHarmless?C.AreInsecticidesMoreHarmfulinNature?D.AreInsecticidesonMarketEffective?〖答案〗8.A9.C10.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，文章主要講述了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)被認(rèn)為對(duì)蜜蜂無害的殺蟲劑實(shí)際上對(duì)其健康造成負(fù)面影響，呼吁在批準(zhǔn)新的殺蟲劑之前進(jìn)行更全面的研究?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Forthestudy,honeybeesthatwerefreefromenvironmentalinfluenceswerefirstbredinthelab.

(在這項(xiàng)研究中，首先在實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育了不受環(huán)境影響的蜜蜂。)”可知，研究人員在研究之初在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里養(yǎng)蜜蜂。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Withthisinmind,theteamcallsforthepotentialeffectsofnewinsecticidesonbeneficialinsectstoberesearchedbetterbeforetheinsecticidesareapproved.(考慮到這一點(diǎn)，該團(tuán)隊(duì)呼吁在批準(zhǔn)殺蟲劑之前，對(duì)新殺蟲劑對(duì)有益昆蟲的潛在影響進(jìn)行更好的研究。)

”可知，研究人員認(rèn)為新的殺蟲劑需要更多的研究。故選C?！?0題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段的“Insecticidescontainingflupyradifuroneandsulfoxaflor,chemicalsconsideredharmlesstobeesandbumblebeeswhenapproved,canhavedamagingeffectsonthehealthofhoneybees.Thechemicalsaremorelikelytomakebeessufferfromdiseasesandshortentheirlifespan.ThiswasproveninascientificstudythatwaspublishedinScienceoftheTotalEnvironment.ItwasconductedatMartinLutherUniversityofHalle-Wittenberg(MLU)andtheHelmholtzCentreforEnvironmentalResearch(UFZ).(含有氟吡喃醌和亞砜的殺蟲劑經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)后被認(rèn)為對(duì)蜜蜂和大黃蜂無害，但會(huì)對(duì)蜜蜂的健康產(chǎn)生破壞性影響。這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)更有可能使蜜蜂患上疾病，縮短它們的壽命。發(fā)表在《整體環(huán)境科學(xué)》上的一項(xiàng)科學(xué)研究證實(shí)了這一點(diǎn)。這項(xiàng)研究是在哈雷——維滕貝格馬丁·路德大學(xué)和亥姆霍茲環(huán)境研究中心進(jìn)行的。)”和最后一段的“Withthisinmind,theteamcallsforthepotentialeffectsofnewinsecticidesonbeneficialinsectstoberesearchedbetterbeforetheinsecticidesareapproved.(考慮到這一點(diǎn)，該團(tuán)隊(duì)呼吁在批準(zhǔn)殺蟲劑之前，對(duì)新殺蟲劑對(duì)有益昆蟲的潛在影響進(jìn)行更好的研究。)

”可知，被認(rèn)為對(duì)蜜蜂和大黃蜂無害的殺蟲劑實(shí)際上會(huì)對(duì)蜜蜂的健康和壽命產(chǎn)生破壞性影響，本文對(duì)已批準(zhǔn)的殺蟲劑安全性提出了質(zhì)疑，因此B項(xiàng)(批準(zhǔn)使用的殺蟲劑真的無害嗎？)適合作為標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題3分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Giftbasketsareapopulargiftchoice.Thekeyideabehindsuchabasketisthatyouaregivingsomeoneseveralsmallergiftsinsteadofalargerone.___11___Andtheentirepackageisattractivelywrappedincellophane(玻璃紙).Giftbasketsarealmostalwaysthemed.Theycanbetailoredtotherecipients’(接受者)interests.Booksandpenscanbegiventoawriter.Newlipstickandnailpolishcolorsarealwaysgoodchoicesforamake-upenthusiast.___12___Agiftbasketdoesn’thavetobeabasket.___13___Thiscanbeachancetoreallyhighlightthetheme.Agiftbasketforagardeningenthusiastcouldconsistofseedpackets,anicepairofworkglovesandanewgardeningtoolinsideaterracottapotorawateringcan.Foramoviefan,wrapafewDVDsandsomepopcorninafunservingbowl.___14___Pre-madegiftbasketssitontheshelfalreadywrappedandreadyforpurchase.Thisisgift-givingatitseasiest.Besides,somestoresalsooffergiftbasketscreatedrightbeforeyoureyes.Theyallowyoutoselecttheitemsyouwouldlikeinyourbasket,andthenthey’llarrangeandwraptheitemsforyou.What’smore,youcanalsobringthecontentshomeandmakebasketsonlybyyourself.Homemadeonesallowyoutohavetotalcontroloverthedesign.Whetheryoucreatethegiftbasketsbyyour-selfornot,theyareexcellentpresentsforanyoccasion.___15___Theycanbeauniquewaytoexpressyourappreciationandthoughtfulnessandaresuretomaketherecipientsfeelspecialandappreciated.A.Anycontainerwilldo.B.Noteveryonelikessmallgiftbaskets.C.Thesesmallitemsareusuallypackedinacontainer.D.Sodon’tforgettomakesomeforthoseyoucareabout.E.Thebestcontainerscanbeusedlongafterthecontentsaregone.F.Whatevertheylooklike,giftbasketscanbeseparatedintothreetypes.G.Thesehighlypersonalizedbasketscanmakerecipientsespeciallyenjoyreceivingthem.〖答案〗11.C12.G13.A14.F15.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了禮品籃的設(shè)計(jì)理念，它們作為禮物是獨(dú)特的和受歡迎的?！?1題詳析】根據(jù)上文的“Giftbasketsareapopulargiftchoice.Thekeyideabehindsuchabasketisthatyouaregivingsomeoneseveralsmallergiftsinsteadofalargerone.

(禮品籃是一種流行的禮物選擇。這種籃子背后的關(guān)鍵思想是，你給別人的是幾個(gè)小禮物，而不是一個(gè)大禮物。)”和下文的“Andtheentirepackageisattractivelywrappedincellophane.(整個(gè)包裹是用玻璃紙包裝的。)”可知，C項(xiàng)(這些小物品通常裝在一個(gè)容器里。)承接上文，說明了你給別人的小物品是裝在禮品籃里面的，下文指出禮品籃的外在包裝材料，故選C項(xiàng)。【12題詳析】根據(jù)上文的“Giftbasketsarealmostalwaysthemed.Theycanbetailoredtotherecipients’interests.Booksandpenscanbegiventoawriter.Newlipstickandnailpolishcolorsarealwaysgoodchoicesforamake-upenthusiast.(禮品籃幾乎都是有主題的。它們可以根據(jù)收件人的興趣進(jìn)行定制。書和筆可以送給作者。對(duì)于化妝愛好者來說，新的口紅和指甲油顏色總是不錯(cuò)的選擇。)”可知，G項(xiàng)(這些高度個(gè)性化的籃子會(huì)讓收禮者特別喜歡收到它們。)承接上文，說明了按照收件人的喜好定制的禮品籃能夠讓他們特別享受，故選G項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】根據(jù)上文的“Agiftbasketdoesn’thavetobeabasket.

(禮品籃不一定非得是籃子。)”和下文的“Thiscanbeachancetoreallyhighlightthetheme.Agiftbasketforagardeningenthusiastcouldconsistofseedpackets,anicepairofworkglovesandanewgardeningtoolinsideaterracottapotorawateringcan.Foramoviefan,wrapafewDVDsandsomepopcorninafunservingbowl.(這是一個(gè)真正突出主題的機(jī)會(huì)。送給園藝愛好者的禮物籃可以包括種子包、一副漂亮的工作手套和一個(gè)裝在陶土花盆或噴壺里的新園藝工具。對(duì)于一個(gè)電影迷來說，在一個(gè)有趣的碗里包幾張DVD和一些爆米花。)”可知，A項(xiàng)(任何容器都可以。)承接上文，說明了禮品籃不一定非得是籃子，可以是任意的容器，下文指出了不同的禮品需要放在不同的容器中才是合適的，才能突出禮品的獨(dú)特，故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】根據(jù)下文的“Pre-madegiftbasketssitontheshelfalreadywrappedandreadyforpurchase.Thisisgift-givingatitseasiest.Besides,somestoresalsooffergiftbasketscreatedrightbeforeyoureyes.Theyallowyoutoselecttheitemsyouwouldlikeinyourbasket,andthenthey’llarrangeandwraptheitemsforyou.What’smore,youcanalsobringthecontentshomeandmakebasketsonlybyyourself.Homemadeonesallowyoutohavetotalcontroloverthedesign.(預(yù)制的禮品籃放在架子上，已經(jīng)包裝好，準(zhǔn)備消費(fèi)者購買。這是最簡單的送禮方式。此外，一些商店還提供在你眼前制作的禮籃。他們允許你在籃子里選擇你想要的東西，然后他們會(huì)為你整理和包裝這些東西。更重要的是，你也可以把里面的東西帶回家，自己做籃子。自制的可以讓你完全控制設(shè)計(jì)。)”可知，本段指出禮品籃共有三種類型，即提前制作的禮品籃、現(xiàn)場制作的禮品籃以及個(gè)人自主設(shè)計(jì)的禮品籃，因此F項(xiàng)(不管禮品籃是什么樣子，它們可以分為三種類型。)能夠作為本段的主題句，故選F項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】根據(jù)上文的“Whetheryoucreatethegiftbasketsbyyour-selfornot,theyareexcellentpresentsforanyoccasion.

(無論你是否自己制作禮品籃，它們都是適合任何場合的絕佳禮物。)”和下文的“Theycanbeauniquewaytoexpressyourappreciationandthoughtfulnessandaresuretomaketherecipientsfeelspecialandappreciated.(它們可以是一個(gè)獨(dú)特的方式來表達(dá)你的感激和體貼，一定會(huì)讓接受者感到特別和感激。)”可知，D項(xiàng)(所以別忘了為你關(guān)心的人做一些。)承接上文，說明了自制禮品籃也是好禮物，下文對(duì)自制禮品籃的好處做出了評(píng)價(jià)，因此別忘了為你關(guān)心的人做一些，故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Inthefallof1522,aleakyshipmadeportinSpainwith18tiredcrewmen,allthatsurvivedofsome240who’dmannedabold,trademission.ChalesI,theyoungSpanishking,wasnolongerwillingto___16___overlandtraderoutesforthespicethatwasso___17___inEurope.Heappointedanexpedition(探險(xiǎn)隊(duì))tofindanew___18___toPacificislandsrichwithspices,andascaptainhehiredFerdinandMagellan,askilledPortuguesesailorwho___19___believedtheEarthwasround,atheorynotyet___20___.ThefleetwastofindawestwardroutetotheSpiceIslands,and___21___thesameway.Theyalsoweretofocusontraderoutesand___22___conquest(征服)andreligion.Magellanwouldn’tobeythe___23___,withdisastrousandhistoricresults.InSeptember1519,fiveshipssetsail,___24___tocollectnearly550tonsofspicesintwoyears.Thevoyagestretchedtothreeyears.Theysurvivedwiththe___25___ofIndigenouspeopletheymet,treatingsome___26___butotherscruellyorviolently.Quittingtradeforconquest,Magellan___27___anislandinthePhilippinesandwas___28___inthesurf.Anewcaptain,JuanSebasetinElcano,guidedtheVictoriahomewithanunplanned___29___:proofthattheEarthwasround.Thefirstvoyageoftheglobe-a___30___feat(豐功偉績)ofexplorationandscience—changedtheworldforever,sparkingglobalizationandabuseofcolonizationforcenturiestocome.16.A.giveup B.relyon C.lookfor D.testout17.A.abundant B.common C.attractive D.popular18.A.direction B.access C.route D.entrance19.A.firmly B.reluctantly C.slightly D.nervously20.A.declared B.proved C.analyzed D.evaluated21.A.sail B.continue C.follow D.return22.A.avoid B.perform C.launch D.promote23.A.timetable B.schedule C.order D.custom24.A.failing B.waiting C.intending D.stopping25.A.help B.agreement C.gratitude D.relief26.A.equally B.fairly C.seriously D.carefully27.A.searched B.flooded C.attacked D.abandoned28.A.defeated B.swallowed C.trapped D.killed29.A.achievement B.expectation C.dream D.process30.A.mysterious B.remarkable C.predictable D.strange〖答案〗16.B17.D18.C19.A20.B21.D22.A23.C24.C25.A26.B27.C28.D29.A30.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了世界上第一次環(huán)球航行的過程和證明地球是圓的這一理論的經(jīng)過?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：年輕的西班牙國王查理一世不再愿意依靠陸路貿(mào)易路線來獲取這種在歐洲非常流行的香料。A.giveup放棄；B.relyon依靠；C.lookfor尋找；D.testout試驗(yàn)。根據(jù)下文的“Heappointedanexpeditiontofindanew...toPacificislandsrichwithspices”可知，查爾斯一世不愿意再依靠陸路貿(mào)易路線來獲取歐洲受歡迎的香料了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：年輕的西班牙國王查理一世不再愿意依靠陸路貿(mào)易路線來獲取這種在歐洲非常流行的香料。A.abundant豐富的；B.common普通的；C.attractive有吸引力的；D.popular受歡迎的。根據(jù)上文的“allthatsurvivedofsome240who’dmannedabold,trademission”和下文的“Heappointedanexpeditiontofindanew...toPacificislandsrichwithspices”可知，國王查理一世任命了一支探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)去香料豐富的太平洋島嶼那里進(jìn)行貿(mào)易活動(dòng)，將香料帶回來，則可知香料在歐洲很受歡迎。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他任命了一支探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)去尋找一條通往香料豐富的太平洋島嶼的新路線，并聘請(qǐng)了費(fèi)迪南德·麥哲倫擔(dān)任船長，他是一位熟練的葡萄牙水手，堅(jiān)信地球是圓的，當(dāng)時(shí)這一理論尚未得到證實(shí)。A.direction方向；B.access出入口；C.route路線；D.entrance入口。根據(jù)上文的“overlandtraderoutes”可知，與它對(duì)比，這里指國王想派人去尋找一條新路線來獲取香料。故選C項(xiàng)。【19題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他任命了一支探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)去尋找一條通往香料豐富的太平洋島嶼的新路線，并聘請(qǐng)了費(fèi)迪南德·麥哲倫擔(dān)任船長，他是一位熟練的葡萄牙水手，堅(jiān)信地球是圓的，當(dāng)時(shí)這一理論尚未得到證實(shí)。A.firmly堅(jiān)定地；B.reluctantly勉強(qiáng)地；C.slightly稍微地；D.nervously焦慮地。根據(jù)上文的“askilledPortuguesesailor”可知，麥哲倫是一位技術(shù)熟練的水手，堅(jiān)信地球是圓的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。他任命了一支探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)去尋找一條通往香料豐富的太平洋島嶼的新路線，并聘請(qǐng)了費(fèi)迪南德·麥哲倫擔(dān)任船長，他是一位熟練的葡萄牙水手，堅(jiān)信地球是圓的，當(dāng)時(shí)這一理論尚未得到證實(shí)。A.declared宣布；B.proved證明；C.analyzed分析；D.evaluated評(píng)估。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容“proofthattheEarthwasround”可知，地球是圓的這個(gè)理論當(dāng)時(shí)尚未得到證實(shí)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：船隊(duì)要找到一條向西到達(dá)香料群島的航線，然后原路返回。A.sail航行；B.continue繼續(xù)；C.follow跟隨；D.return返回。根據(jù)空后的“thesameway”可知，與空前的“findawestwardroutstotheSpiceIslands”呼應(yīng)，指去的航線和返回的航線是一致的。故選D項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們還專注于貿(mào)易路線，避免征服和宗教活動(dòng)。A.avoid避免；B.perform履行；C.launch發(fā)起；D.promote促進(jìn)。根據(jù)上文的“focusontraderoutes”可知，這次航行的重點(diǎn)是放在貿(mào)易航線上，而不是為了征服和傳教。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：麥哲倫不服從命令，帶來了災(zāi)難性和歷史性的后果。A.timetable時(shí)間表；B.schedule日程安排；C.order命令；D.custom習(xí)慣。根據(jù)下文的“withdisastrousandhistoricresults”可知，麥哲倫沒有服從命令，從而造成了災(zāi)難性和歷史性的后果。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：1519年9月，五艘船啟航，打算在兩年內(nèi)收集近550噸香料。A.failing失敗；B.waiting等待；C.intending打算；D.stopping停止。根據(jù)上文的“fiveshipssetsail”和下文的“tocollectnearly550tonsofspicesintwoyears”可知，這次航行打算在兩年內(nèi)收集近550噸香料。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們在遇到的土著居民的幫助下生存下來，他們公平地對(duì)待一些人，但殘酷或暴力地對(duì)待另一些人。A.help幫助；B.agreement協(xié)議；C.gratitude感激；D.relief緩解。根據(jù)上文的“Thevoyagestretchedtothreeyears.”以及“Indigenouspeopletheymet”可知，探險(xiǎn)的旅程很是艱辛，他們在遇到的土著人的幫助下幸存下來。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們在遇到的土著居民的幫助下生存下來，他們公正地對(duì)待一些人，但殘酷或暴力地對(duì)待另一些人。A.equally平等地；B.fairly公正地；C.seriously嚴(yán)肅地；D.carefully小心地。根據(jù)下文的“butotherscruellyorviolently”可知，他們殘酷或暴力地對(duì)待其他人，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，則他們公正地對(duì)待一些人。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：麥哲倫為了征服而放棄貿(mào)易，他襲擊了菲律賓的一個(gè)島嶼，并在海浪中喪生。A.searched搜索；B.flooded泛濫；C.attacked攻擊；D.abandoned放棄。根據(jù)上文的“Quittingtradeforconquest”可知，為了征服而放棄貿(mào)易，麥哲倫襲擊了菲律賓的一個(gè)島嶼。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：麥哲倫為了征服而放棄貿(mào)易，他襲擊了菲律賓的一個(gè)島嶼，并在海浪中喪生。A.defeated打??；B.swallowed吞噬；C.trapped陷入；D.killed殺死。根據(jù)下文的“Anewcaptain,JuanSebasetinElcano,guidedtheVictoriahome...”可知，在這次襲擊中，麥哲倫在海浪中喪生。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：新船長胡安·塞巴斯蒂安·埃爾卡諾帶領(lǐng)維多利亞號(hào)回家，取得了一項(xiàng)意想不到的成就：證明了地球是圓的。A.achievement成就；B.expectation期望；C.dream夢想；D.process過程。根據(jù)上文的“askilledPortuguesesailorwho...believedtheEarthwasround,atheorynotyet...”和空后的“proofthattheEarthwasround”可知，這次航行取得了一項(xiàng)意外的成就：證明地球是圓的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：第一次環(huán)球航行——一項(xiàng)非凡的探索和科學(xué)壯舉——永遠(yuǎn)地改變了世界，引發(fā)了未來幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的全球化和殖民主義的濫用。A.mysterious神秘的；B.remarkable卓越的；C.predictable可預(yù)測的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)下文的“changedtheworldforever”可知，這次航行是非凡的。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)根據(jù)〖提示〗完成句子，在答題卡相應(yīng)位置填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)耐暾麊卧~，注意所填單詞的形式。31.Losingyourabilitytothinkandrememberisprettys________(可怕的).(根據(jù)中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗scary【詳析】考查形容詞。句意：失去思考和記憶的能力是相當(dāng)可怕的。根據(jù)中英文〖提示〗可知應(yīng)用形容詞scary，作表語，主語為動(dòng)名詞短語。故填scary。32.Tomakesureyourapplianceisinfactoff,r________(移走)theplugfromitspowersupply.(根據(jù)中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗remove【詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：要確定你的電器實(shí)際上是關(guān)閉的，從電源上拔下插頭。根據(jù)漢語意思及首字母〖提示〗，應(yīng)該填入動(dòng)詞remove，逗號(hào)后面的句子為祈使句，使用動(dòng)詞原形開頭，故填remove。33.Dealingwithpeopleisthemostimportanta________(方面)ofmywork.(根據(jù)中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗aspect【詳析】考查名詞。句意：與人打交道是我工作中最重要的方面。根據(jù)首字母和漢語〖提示〗可知，“方面”為名詞aspect，作表語。故填aspect。34.Whowerethefirstpeoplec________(證實(shí))tohavereachedthetopofthemountain?(根據(jù)中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗confirmed【詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：誰是第一個(gè)被證實(shí)到達(dá)山頂?shù)娜耍扛鶕?jù)漢語意思及首字母〖提示〗，應(yīng)該填入動(dòng)詞confirm，它和people之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，則填入過去分詞作后置定語，故填confirmed。35.Thelocalsupermarketvolunteeredtos________(贊助)thehighschoolbasketballteam.(根據(jù)中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗sponsor【詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)?shù)氐某凶栽纲澲咧谢@球隊(duì)。根據(jù)中英文〖提示〗可知應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞sponsor，且上文為短語volunteertodosth.。故填sponsor。36.WecanvisityourcompanyonMondayorTuesday;ourplansarefairlyf________(靈活的).(根據(jù)中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗flexible【詳析】考查形容詞。句意：我們可以在周一或周二拜訪貴公司；我們的計(jì)劃相當(dāng)靈活。根據(jù)漢語意思及首字母〖提示〗，應(yīng)該填入形容詞flexible，它在句中作表語，故填flexible。37.She’susuallyveryshy,butshe’sgenerousandneverh________(猶豫)tohelp.(根據(jù)中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗hesitates【詳析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：她通常很害羞，但她很慷慨，從不猶豫地幫助別人?！蔼q豫”作謂語，結(jié)合首字母〖提示〗，用動(dòng)詞hesitate，與主語she之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，描述習(xí)慣性行為用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，又因主語she是第三人稱單數(shù)代詞，謂語也用單數(shù)形式。故填hesitates。38.Infact,researchershavefoundthat'soneoftheworsts________(策略).(根據(jù)中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗strategies【詳析】考查名詞。句意：事實(shí)上，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)這是最糟糕的策略之一。根據(jù)中英文〖提示〗可知應(yīng)用名詞，且為oneof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填strategies。39.Whenc_________(批評(píng))people,wemusttrytoconvincethemthroughreasoning,notjustputlabelsonthem.(根據(jù)中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗criticising/criticizing【詳析】考查狀語從句中的省略以及現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：當(dāng)批評(píng)別人時(shí)，我們必須通過講道理說服他們，而不僅僅是給他們貼上標(biāo)簽。根據(jù)首字母、中文〖提示〗“批評(píng)”、以及空后代詞you，“批評(píng)”表達(dá)為動(dòng)詞criticize/criticise；句中when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的主語和主句主語we一致，主語we和動(dòng)詞criticize/criticise之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，此狀語從句可省略為“when+現(xiàn)在分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。故填criticising/criticizing。40.Thisbird,sharpofeyeandswiftofbeak,cana_________(準(zhǔn)確地)catchtheflyinginsectsintheair.(根據(jù)中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗accurately【詳析】考查副詞。句意：這只鳥眼尖嘴快，能準(zhǔn)確地捕捉空中的飛蟲。根據(jù)中英文〖提示〗可知應(yīng)用副詞accurately，修飾動(dòng)詞catch。故填accurately。第三節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)根據(jù)教材內(nèi)容補(bǔ)全下面短文，在答題卡相應(yīng)位置填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)耐暾麊卧~，注意所填單詞的形式。It’sstrange,butIdon’treallyremembermuchaboutthehurricaneitself.Itallhappenedsoquickly.Iwassittinginmyroomwithmycat,Smartie,onmylap,whentheroofjustf___41___off.Allofasudden,therewassky___42___theroofhadbeen.IwassofrightenedthatIjustfroze.Atfirst,Iwaspleasedwecouldstayathome,butsoonitgotreallytough.___43___aroof,stayinginsidewastoodangerous.Therewaswatereverywhere,butwecouldn’tdrinkanyofitotherwisewe’dgetreallysick.ItwasAugust,soitwasreally,reallyhotanditsmelledsobadeverywhere!Ijustspentthedayswatchingtheboatsgoingupanddownthestreetand1___44___outforSmartie.Hehaddisappeared___45___momentthestormhit.Livingintheopenair,webecamebreakfast,lunchanddinnerforthem___46___.ButMomsaidthatwhateverhappens,weshouldalwaystrytoseethegoodsideofthings.Itwasdifficulttostayp___47___,though.Wehadlostourhomeandeverythinginit,includingSmartie.Allwehadleftweretheclothesonourbacks.ButasMomkeptonremindingus,wewerealltogetherandsafe.Mom’swordsmadeusfeelbetter.Irememberusalllyingunderthemidnightskyandlookingupatthestars.Althoughitwasonlyafewdaysbeforewewerer___48___,itfeltlikemonths.Weweretakentoanothertowninafarawaycounty.T___49___,Smartiecamehomejustintime.Weweresohappytotakehimwithus,althoughthen,noneofusknewthatwewouldn’tbebackforquiteawhile.Now,oneyearhaspassedandI’mbackhomeinNewOrleans.Somefamilieshaveyettoreturn,butmanyothershavecomeback.Althoughwearesurroundedbyr____50____ofthedisaster,weareworkingtogethertorebuildourhomesandourlives.NowwehaveanotherchancetolookupatthestarsofNewOrleans,theirbeautyinspiringusandgivingusconfidencetomoveon.〖答案〗41.flew42.where43.Without44.looking45.the46.mosquitoes/mosquitos47.positive48.rescued49.Thankfully50.reminders【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一家人在經(jīng)歷了可怕的颶風(fēng)后幸運(yùn)得救，并在母親的鼓勵(lì)下團(tuán)結(jié)一致共建家園的故事。【41題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我正坐在房間里，腿上坐著我的貓Smartie，突然屋頂就飛走了。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及句意可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞fly，事情發(fā)生在過去，用一般過去時(shí)。故填flew?！?2題詳析】考查狀語從句。句意：突然間，屋頂所在的地方出現(xiàn)了天空。此處引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句，表示“……的地方”應(yīng)用where。故填where。【43題詳析】考查介詞。句意：沒有屋頂，待在屋里太危險(xiǎn)了。根據(jù)上文“therewassky

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theroofhadbeen”可知，房子屋頂沒有了，表示“沒有”應(yīng)用介詞without，首字母大寫。故填Without?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我整天看著船在街上來來往往，留意尋找Smartie。根據(jù)下文“Hehaddisappeared”可知貓不見了，結(jié)合首字母以及句意可知，動(dòng)詞短語lookoutfor“留意”符合句意，此處為短語spendtimedoingsth.。looking與watching并列。故填looking?！?5題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：他在暴風(fēng)雨來襲的那一刻就失蹤了。此處引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“一……就”應(yīng)用themoment引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。故填the?！?6題詳析】考查名詞。句意：生活在露天，我們成了蚊子的早餐、午餐和晚餐。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及句意可知應(yīng)填名詞mosquito，可數(shù)名詞，數(shù)量大于一應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填mosquitoes/mosquitos?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：不過，要保持樂觀是很難的。根據(jù)上文“seethegoodsideofthings”、單詞首字母以及句意可知應(yīng)填形容詞positive“樂觀的，積極的”，作表語。故填posi