2024-2025學(xué)年江蘇省高二上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。1．Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A．MovetheTV. B．Clearthetable. C．Turnonthelight.2．Whatinstrumentisthewomanplayingnow?A．Thepiano. B．Theguitar. C．Thedrums.3．Whatdidthewomanbuyatthefilmfestival?A．Aposter. B．AT-shirt. C．Awatch.4．Whichprogrammeisonfirst?A．Thebasketballmatch. B．Thesingingcompetition. C．Theanimaldocumentary.5．Whatarethespeakersprobablytalkingabout?A．Apainting. B．Aphoto. C．Abrush.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。6．Howdoesthewomansoundatthebeginningoftheconversation?A．Upset. B．Excited. C．Nervous.7．Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A．Havearest. B．Getsomecoffee. C．Workonamathproblem.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。8．WheredoesPeterprobablylive?A．InAmerica. B．InChina. C．InNewZealand.9．Whatistheman’smotherprobablydoing?A．Doingthecooking.B．Writinganemail.C．Cleaningthebedroom.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。10．Whoisgoingonthetripwiththewoman?A．Herdad. B．Herbrother. C．Herworkmate.11．HowwillthewomangettoLondon?A．Byplane. B．Bytrain. C．Bycar.12．Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A．Bookahotelearly.B．Getatravelguideonline.C．LearnaboutLondontransport.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。13．Whydidthemantakethecookingcourse?A．Hedecidedtobeacook.B．Thefoodthereattractedhim.C．Hismotheraskedhimtodoit.14．Whatdidthemanlearnatthecourse?A．Howtomakesoup.B．Howtocutdifferentfoods.C．Howtochoosefreshvegetables.15．Howmanypeoplewerethereinthekitchenintotal?A．7. B．14. C．17.16．Whatwillthemandonextmonth?A．Buyacookbook.B．Doacourseondesserts.C．Cookforhisgrandmother.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17．Whichplacedoesthespeakerusuallygotofirstinthemorning?A．Thegym. B．Therestaurant. C．Theclassroom.18．Howlongdothelectureslast?A．Onehour. B．Twohours. C．Threehours.19．WhatdoesthespeakerusuallydoonFridayafternoons?A．Doexperiments.B．Playfootballmatches.C．Studyinthelibrary.20．Whatdoesthespeakerwanttobeaftergraduation?A．Adoctor. B．Ateacher. C．Afootballplayer.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMostpeopleagreethateatinghealthyfoodisimportant.Butsometimesmakinggoodfoodchoicescanbedifficult.Now,thereareappsthatcanhelppeoplelearnaboutthefoodtheyeattoimprovetheirhealthandtheirdiningoutexperience.OpenTableappOpenTableapphelpspeoplechooserestaurantswhentheywanttogoouttoeat.Itisafreeservicethatshowsusersrestaurantavailablebasedonwhereandwhentheywanttodine.Itgivesuserspointswhentheymakereservations(預(yù)定),whichcanadduptodiscountsonrestaurantvisits.MaxMcCalman'sCheese&WinePairingappWineandcheesecanbeagreatcombination.Butwhichwinesgobestwithwhichcheeses?MaxMcCalman'sCheese&WinePairingappcanhelp.Itprovidesinformationabouthundredsofdifferentcheesesandsuggestswinestopairwitheach.MaxMcCalman'sCheese&.WinePairingappisfree.HappyCowappVegetariansdonoteatanimalmeat.Vegansdonoteatanyanimalproducts.TheHappyCowappismadeforbothgroups.Userscansearchforvegetarian-veganrestaurantsandstoresaroundtheworld.LocalEatsappRestaurantchains,likeMcDonalds,canbefoundalmostanywhereapersonmighttravel.Butsometimestravelerswanttoeatlikelocals.TheLocalEatsappisdesignedforthat.ItcanhelpyoufindlocalrestaurantsinmajorcitiesintheUSandinothercountries.Itcostsaboutadollar.WhereChefsEatapp“WhereChefsEat”isa975pagebook.Mostpeoplewouldnotwanttocarrythataround.Butthereisamuchlighterappversionofthesamenameforjust$15.Sixhundredchefsprovideinformationon3,000restaurantsaroundtheworldontheWhereChefsEatapp.21．Whatdothefirsttwoappshaveincommon?A．Theyarebothfreeofcharge. B．Discountsareprovidedonboth.C．Bestwinescanbereservedonboth. D．Theytellyouwheretofindthebestrestaurant.22．WhoisHappyCowappprobablydesignedfor?A．Peoplewholovedrinkingwine. B．Peoplewhodon'tteatmeatoranimalproducts.C．Peoplewhoenjoymeatverymuch. D．Peoplewhoofteneatinrestaurant.23．Wherecanwemostlikelyseethetext?A．Onatourismguide. B．Inastudents'textbook.C．Inacellphoneapplicationintroduction. D．OnascientificdiscoveryTVprogram.21．A22．B23．C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。大多數(shù)人都想吃的健康，但是有時(shí)候選擇好食物很難，而本文就給讀者介紹了五個(gè)幫助他們了解健康飲食的應(yīng)用軟件。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OpenTableapp部分中“Itisafreeservicethatshowsusersrestaurantavailablebasedonwhereandwhentheywanttodine.(這是一項(xiàng)免費(fèi)服務(wù)，根據(jù)用戶(hù)想要用餐的地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間向用戶(hù)顯示餐廳)”以及MaxMcCalman'sCheese&WinePairingapp部分中“MaxMcCalman'sCheese&WinePairingappisfree.(MaxMcCalman'sCheese&WinePairing應(yīng)用程序是免費(fèi)的)”可知前兩個(gè)應(yīng)用程序的共同點(diǎn)是他們都是免費(fèi)的。故選A。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HappyCowapp部分中“Vegetariansdonoteatanimalmeat.Vegansdonoteatanyanimalproducts.TheHappyCowappismadeforbothgroups.(素食者不吃肉。嚴(yán)格素食者不吃任何動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品。而快樂(lè)奶牛應(yīng)用軟件就是為這兩個(gè)群體制作的)”可知，HappyCow軟件是為不吃肉或動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品的人設(shè)計(jì)的。故選B。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Now,thereareappsthatcanhelppeoplelearnaboutthefoodtheyeattoimprovetheirhealthandtheirdiningoutexperience.(現(xiàn)在，有一些應(yīng)用程序可以幫助人們了解他們吃的食物，從而改善他們的健康和外出就餐的體驗(yàn))”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了五個(gè)手機(jī)應(yīng)用軟件，故最有可能在手機(jī)應(yīng)用介紹看到本文。故選C。BWejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledon’tevenrealizeit’snew.Forthem,it’sjustnormal.ThishithomeformeasIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.Ihadbroughtachildren’sbooktoread.Ithadsimplewordsandcolorfulpictures—aperfectmatchforhisage.Picturethis:mygrandsonsittingonmylapasIholdthebookinfrontsohecanseethepictures.AsIread,hereachesoutandpokes(戳)thepagewithhisfinger.What’supwiththat?Hejustlikesthepictures,Ithought.ThenIturnedthepageandcontinued.Hepokedthepageevenharder.Inearlydroppedthebook.Iwasconfused:Istheresomethingwrongwiththiskid?ThenIrealizedwhatwashappening.Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.Sorry,kid.Thisbookisnotpartofyourhigh-techworld.It’sanoutdated,lifelessthing.Anantique,likeyourgrandfather.Well,Imaybeold,butI’mnothopelesslychallenged,digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I’veevenbuiltwebsites.There’sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:I’vespentlittletimeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.Butthatdidn’tstopChinaDailyfromaskingmelastweektoshareapersonalstoryforavideoprojectabouttheintegrationofBeijing,TianjinandHebeiprovince.Anyway,grandpaisnowaninternetstar—twominutesoffame!Ipromisenottoletitgotomyhead.ButIwillmakesuremy2-year-oldgrandsonseesitonhistablet.24．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“hithomeforme”meaninparagraph2?A．Providedshelterforme. B．Becameverycleartome.C．Tookthepressureoffme. D．Workedquitewellonme.25．Whydidthekidpokethestorybook?A．Hetookitforatabletcomputer. B．Hedislikedthecolorfulpictures.C．Hewasangrywithhisgrandpa. D．Hewantedtoreaditbyhimself.26．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhimself?A．Sociallyambitious. B．Physicallyattractive.C．Financiallyindependent. D．Digitallycompetent.27．Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorasajournalist?A．Helacksexperienceinhisjob. B．Heseldomappearsontelevision.C．Hemanagesavideodepartment. D．Heofteninterviewsinternetstars.24．B25．A26．D27．B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者曾經(jīng)是一名記者，在春節(jié)期間，作者給孫子拿了一本兒童讀物，孫子卻以為是平板電腦，不停地戳?xí)?4．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledon’tevenrealizeit’snew.Forthem,it’sjustnormal.”以及畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞后文“asIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.”可知，作者是記者，生活在一個(gè)講故事的新時(shí)代，有許多新的多媒體工具。許多年輕人甚至沒(méi)有意識(shí)到它是新的。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，這很正常。而這在春節(jié)假期，作者和兩歲的孫子坐在沙發(fā)上，尤其清楚認(rèn)識(shí)到了這一點(diǎn)。故畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞意思是“我很清楚”。故選B。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.(事實(shí)上，他對(duì)書(shū)本并不熟悉。他的父親經(jīng)常用一臺(tái)裝有彩色圖片的平板電腦逗他開(kāi)心，當(dāng)你戳它們的時(shí)候，這些圖片就會(huì)變得栩栩如生。他認(rèn)為我的故事書(shū)就是那樣的)”可知，那孩子戳故事書(shū)是因?yàn)樗阉?dāng)成了平板電腦。故選A。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Well,Imaybeold,butI’mnothopelesslychallenged,digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I’veevenbuiltwebsites.(我可能老了，但從數(shù)字角度來(lái)說(shuō)，我還沒(méi)有毫無(wú)希望的挑戰(zhàn)。我編輯視頻，制作音頻。我用移動(dòng)支付。我甚至建立了網(wǎng)站)”可知，作者認(rèn)為自己懂?dāng)?shù)碼技術(shù)。故選D。27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“There’sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:I’vespentlittletimeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.(然而，在我的新媒體體驗(yàn)中有一個(gè)明顯的差距：我很少在鏡頭前呆著，因?yàn)槲业哪樖菫殡娕_(tái)而生的)”可知，作者作為記者他很少上電視。故選B。CArtificialintelligence(AI)isshowingpromiseinearthquakeprediction,challengingthelong-heldbeliefthatitisimpossible.ResearchersattheUniversityofTexas,Austin,havedevelopedanAIalgorithm(算法)thatcorrectlypredicted70%ofearthquakesaweekinadvanceduringatrialinChinaandprovidedaccuratestrengthcalculationsforthepredictedearthquakes.Theresearchteambelievestheirmethodsucceededbecausetheystuckwitharelativelysimplemachinelearningapproach.TheAIwasprovidedwithasetofstatisticalfeaturesbasedontheteam’sknowledgeofearthquakephysics,andtheninstructedtotrainitselfusingafive-yeardatabaseofearthquakerecordings.Oncetrained,theAIprovideditspredictionbylisteningforsignsofincomingearthquakeswithinthebackgroundrumblings(隆隆聲)intheEarth.ThisworkisclearlyamilestoneinresearchforAI-drivenearthquakeprediction.“Youdon’tseeearth-quakescoming,”explainsAlexandrosSavvaidis,aseniorresearchscientistwholeadstheTexasSeismologicalNetworkProgram(TexNet).“It’samatterofmilliseconds,andtheonlythingyoucancontrolishowpreparedyouare.Evenwiththe70%accuracy,that’sahugeresultandcouldhelpminimizeeconomicandhumanlossesandhasthepotentialtoremarkablyimproveearthquakepreparationworldwide.”Whileitisunknownwhetherthesameapproachwillworkatotherlocations,theresearchersareconfidentthattheirAIalgorithmcouldproducemoreaccuratepredictionsifusedinareaswithreliableearthquaketrackingnetworks.ThenextstepistotestartificialintelligenceinTexas,sinceUT’sBureauTexNethas300earth-quakestationsandoversixyearsworthofcontinuousrecords,makingitanideallocationforthesepurposes.Eventually,theauthorshopetocombinethesystemwithphysics-basedmodels.Thisstrategycouldproveespeciallyimportantwheredataispoororlacking.“Thatmaybealongwayoff,butmanyadvancessuchasthisone,takentogether,arewhatmovesscienceforward,”concludesScottTinker,thebureau’sdirector.28．HowdoestheAIforecastearthquakes?A．Byidentifyingdatafromthesatellites.B．ByanalyzingbackgroundsoundsintheEarth.C．Bymodelingdatabasedonearthquakerecordings.D．BymonitoringchangesintheEarth’smagneticfield.29．WhatdoesAlexandrosSavvaidisintendtoshowinparagraph3?A．Thewaystoreducelossesinearthquakes.B．Theimportanceofpreparingforearthquakes.C．ThesignificanceofdevelopingtheAIprediction.D．ThelimitationofAIalgorithmsinearthquakeprediction.30．Whatwillthefollow-upresearchfocuson?A．Conductingtestsindifferentlocations.B．ApplyingtheAIapproachtootherfields.C．BuildingmoreearthquakestationsinTexas.D．Enlargingthedatabasetotrainthecalculationaccuracy.31．Whichwordscanbestdescribetheearthquake-predictingtechnology?A．Stablebutoutdated. B．Effectivebutcostly.C．Potentialandeconomical. D．Pioneeringandpromising.28．B29．C30．A31．D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了德克薩斯州大學(xué)奧斯汀分校的研究人員在地震預(yù)測(cè)方面取得的進(jìn)展，特別是他們開(kāi)發(fā)的AI算法在地震預(yù)測(cè)方面的應(yīng)用及效果。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段尤其是最后一句“Oncetrained,theAIprovideditspredictionbylisteningforsignsofincomingearthquakeswithinthebackgroundrumblings(隆隆聲)intheEarth.(經(jīng)過(guò)訓(xùn)練后，人工智能通過(guò)在地球的背景隆隆聲中傾聽(tīng)即將到來(lái)的地震跡象來(lái)提供預(yù)測(cè))”可知，AI通過(guò)分析地震時(shí)的背景聲音預(yù)測(cè)地震。故選B。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段尤其是后兩句AlexandrosSawvaidis所說(shuō)的話(huà)“It’samatterofmilliseconds,andtheonlythingyoucancontrolishowpreparedyouare.Evenwiththe70%accuracy,that’sahugeresultandcouldhelpminimizeeconomicandhumanlossesandhasthepotentialtoremarkablyimproveearthquakepreparationworldwide.(這只是幾毫秒的問(wèn)題，你唯一能控制的就是你準(zhǔn)備得有多充分。即使準(zhǔn)確率達(dá)到70%，這也是一個(gè)巨大的成果，可以幫助最大限度地減少經(jīng)濟(jì)和人員損失，并有可能顯著改善全球的地震準(zhǔn)備工作)”可推知，AlexandrosSavvaidis認(rèn)為，即便是70%的準(zhǔn)確性也極其重要，因?yàn)樗梢詼p少經(jīng)濟(jì)損失，人員傷亡，還有可能提高全世界對(duì)地震發(fā)生的準(zhǔn)備（和預(yù)防）。故選C。30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ThenextstepistotestartificialintelligenceinTexas,sinceUT’sBureauTexNethas300earth-quakestationsandoversixyearsworthofcontinuousrecords,makingitanideallocationforthesepurposes.(下一步是在德州測(cè)試人工智能，因?yàn)榈轮莸牡轮莸卣鹦畔⒕钟?00個(gè)地震觀(guān)測(cè)站，有超過(guò)6年的連續(xù)記錄，是進(jìn)行這些研究的理想地點(diǎn))”可知，研究人員下一步準(zhǔn)備在德克薩斯州進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行AI地震預(yù)測(cè)的實(shí)驗(yàn)。故選A。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段“Artificialintelligence(AI)isshowingpromiseinearthquakeprediction,challengingthelong-heldbeliefthatitisimpossible.ResearchersattheUniversityofTexas,Austin,havedevelopedanAIalgorithm(算法)thatcorrectlypredicted70%ofearthquakesaweekinadvanceduringatrialinChinaandprovidedaccuratestrengthcalculationsforthepredictedearthquakes.(人工智能(AI)在地震預(yù)測(cè)方面顯示出希望，挑戰(zhàn)了人們長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)認(rèn)為地震預(yù)測(cè)不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的信念。德克薩斯大學(xué)奧斯汀分校的研究人員在中國(guó)進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)中，開(kāi)發(fā)出了一種人工智能算法，可以提前一周準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)70%的地震，并為預(yù)測(cè)的地震提供了準(zhǔn)確的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算)”可知，地震預(yù)測(cè)技術(shù)有發(fā)展前景，根據(jù)第三段中“ThisworkisclearlyamilestoneinresearchforAI-drivenearthquakeprediction.‘Youdon’tseeearth-quakescoming,’explainsAlexandrosSavvaidis,aseniorresearchscientistwholeadstheTexasSeismologicalNetworkProgram(TexNet).‘It’samatterofmilliseconds,andtheonlythingyoucancontrolishowpreparedyouare.Evenwiththe70%accuracy,that’sahugeresultandcouldhelpminimizeeconomicandhumanlossesandhasthepotentialtoremarkablyimproveearthquakepreparationworldwide.’(這項(xiàng)工作顯然是人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的地震預(yù)測(cè)研究的一個(gè)里程碑?！憧床坏降卣鸬牡絹?lái)，’領(lǐng)導(dǎo)德克薩斯地震網(wǎng)項(xiàng)目(TexNet)的高級(jí)研究科學(xué)家AlexandrosSavvaidis解釋說(shuō)。‘這只是幾毫秒的問(wèn)題，你唯一能控制的就是你準(zhǔn)備得如何。即使準(zhǔn)確率達(dá)到70%，這也是一個(gè)巨大的成果，可以幫助最大限度地減少經(jīng)濟(jì)和人員損失，并有可能顯著改善全球的地震準(zhǔn)備工作。’)”可知，研究人員相信，如果在擁有可靠地震跟蹤網(wǎng)絡(luò)的地區(qū)使用，人工智能算法可以產(chǎn)生更準(zhǔn)確的預(yù)測(cè)。由此推知，AI預(yù)測(cè)地震的工作既具有前沿性，其將來(lái)也是大有希望的。故選D。DResearchershavedevelopedanewsoftrobotdesignthatconductsitselfwiththreebehavioursatthesametime:rolling(翻滾)forward.turninglikearecordandfollowingapaththatgoesaroundacentralpoint.Theequipment,whichoperateswithouthumanorcomputercontrol,holdspromisefordevelopingsoftrobotsthatcanbeusedtoAA-headandmapunknownenvironments.Thenewsoftrobotsarecalledtwistedring-bots(扭曲環(huán)機(jī)器人).Theyaremadeofsomethingliketheribbon(緞帶)andthenjoinedtogetherattheendtoformaring.Whentherobotsareplacedonasurfacethatisatleast55degreesCelsius,whichishotterthanthesurroundingair,onepartoftheribbontouchingthesurfacebecomessmaller,whileonepartintheairdoesnot.Thisinducesarollingmovement:thewarmerthesurface,thefastertherobotrolls.“Theribbonrollsonitshorizontalaxis(橫軸),givingtheringforwardstrength,”saysJieYin,aprofessorofmechanicalandaerospaceengineering.Thetwistedring-botalsoturnsalongitscentralaxis.Andasthetwistedring-botmovesforwardittravelsinapatharoundacentralpoint,basicallymovinginalargecircle.However,ifthetwistedring-botmeetsaboundary-likethewallofabox-itwilltravelalongtheboundary.Thetwistedring-botsareexamplesofequipmentwhosebehaviourisgovernedbyphysicalintelligence,meaningtheiractionsaredeterminedbytheirstructuraldesignandthematerialstheyaremadeof,ratherthanbeingdirectedbyacomputerorhuman.“Softroboticsisstillarelativelynewfield.”Yinsays.“Findingnewwaystocontrolthemovementofsoftrobotsinarepeatableandengineeredwaymovesthefieldforward.Andadvancingourunderstandingofwhatispossibleisexciting.”32．Whatmakestherobotrollfasterandfaster?A．Theribbon. B．Thecentralaxis.C．Theshapeandmaterial. D．Thehighersurfacetemperature.33．Howdoestheauthorintroducethenewsoftrobots?A．Byexplainingtherobot’sworkingways. B．Byquotingexperts’opinions.C．Bymakingsomecomparisons. D．Byofferingreasonsandresults.34．WhatisYin’sattitudetowardstwistedring-bots?A．Unclear. B．Favourable. C．Negative. D．Doubtful.35．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheNewSoftRobots B．RibbonsandTheirRollingC．ThreeCreativeMovements D．TwistedRingsandtheAxis32．D33．A34．B35．A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了新型軟體機(jī)器人，即扭曲環(huán)機(jī)器人的相關(guān)工作原理和特點(diǎn)等。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Whentherobotsareplacedonasurfacethatisatleast55degreesCelsius,whichishotterthanthesurroundingair,onepartoftheribbontouchingthesurfacebecomessmaller,whileonepartintheairdoesnot.Thisinducesarollingmovement:thewarmerthesurface,thefastertherobotrolls.(機(jī)器人被放置在至少55攝氏度的表面上，這比周?chē)目諝庖獰?，接觸表面的帶子的一部分會(huì)變小，而空氣中的一部分則不會(huì)。這引起了一個(gè)滾動(dòng)運(yùn)動(dòng)：表面越熱，機(jī)器人滾動(dòng)得越快。)”可知，其接觸表面的溫度越高，旋轉(zhuǎn)越快。故選D。33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Whentherobotsareplacedonasurfacethatisatleast55degreesCelsius,whichishotterthanthesurroundingair,onepartoftheribbontouchingthesurfacebecomessmaller,whileonepartintheairdoesnot.Thisinducesarollingmovement:thewarmerthesurface,thefastertherobotrolls.(機(jī)器人被放置在至少55攝氏度的表面上，這比周?chē)目諝庖獰?，接觸表面的帶子的一部分會(huì)變小，而空氣中的一部分則不會(huì)。這引起了一個(gè)滾動(dòng)運(yùn)動(dòng)：表面越熱，機(jī)器人滾動(dòng)得越快。)”和第四段的“Thenewsoftrobotsarecalledtwistedring-bots(扭曲環(huán)機(jī)器人).Theyaremadeofsomethingliketheribbon(緞帶)andthenjoinedtogetherattheendtoformaring.(這種新型軟體機(jī)器人被稱(chēng)為“扭曲環(huán)機(jī)器人”。它們是由類(lèi)似緞帶的東西制成的，然后在末端連接在一起形成一個(gè)環(huán)。)”可知，作者主要通過(guò)介紹扭曲環(huán)機(jī)器人的相關(guān)工作原理來(lái)闡述其是一種新型軟體機(jī)器人。故選A。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的““Softroboticsisstillarelativelynewfield.”Yinsays.“Findingnewwaystocontrolthemovementofsoftrobotsinarepeatableandengineeredwaymovesthefieldforward.Andadvancingourunderstandingofwhatispossibleisexciting.”(“軟機(jī)器人仍然是一個(gè)相對(duì)較新的領(lǐng)域?！盰in說(shuō)?！皩ふ乙钥芍貜?fù)和工程化的方式控制軟機(jī)器人運(yùn)動(dòng)的新方法將推動(dòng)該領(lǐng)域向前發(fā)展，推進(jìn)我們對(duì)可能性的理解是令人興奮的?！?”可知，Yin對(duì)新型軟體機(jī)器人是滿(mǎn)懷希望的。故選B。35．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Researchershavedevelopedanewsoftrobotdesignthatconductsitselfwiththreebehavioursatthesametime:rolling(翻滾)forward.turninglikearecordandfollowingapaththatgoesaroundacentralpoint.Theequipment,whichoperateswithouthumanorcomputercontrol,holdspromisefordevelopingsoftrobotsthatcanbeusedtoAA-headandmapunknownenvironments.(研究人員開(kāi)發(fā)了一種新的軟體機(jī)器人設(shè)計(jì)，它同時(shí)具有三種行為：翻滾向前，像唱片一樣旋轉(zhuǎn)，沿著一條繞著中心點(diǎn)的路徑。該設(shè)備無(wú)需人工或計(jì)算機(jī)控制，有望開(kāi)發(fā)出可用于自動(dòng)識(shí)別和繪制未知環(huán)境地圖的軟機(jī)器人。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了新型軟體機(jī)器人——扭曲環(huán)機(jī)器人的相關(guān)工作原理和特點(diǎn)等。因此推斷A項(xiàng)“新軟體機(jī)器人”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ThefirsttimeIhadaroommatewasduringmyfreshmanyearofcollege.Luckyforme,shewasgreat.Shewascleanandorganized.I,ontheotherhand,wasahorribleroommate.36.Soonthatputanendtoourfriendship.“Roomingtogetherrequiresmutual(相互的)respect,”saysfriendshipcoachBayardJackson.IfIhadknownthisbackthen,maybeIwouldhavesavedourfriendship.HereareothertipsfromBayardonhowroommatescansetthemselvesupforsuccess.37Discusstherulesofyourlivingarrangement.Howarewesplitting(分?jǐn)?rent?What’sourguestpolicy?Shouldwecreateacleaningschedule?Makeyourexpectationsclear.Ifyourroommatessaythey’regoodabout“payingrentontime”,forexample,whatdoes“ontime”meantothem?DealwithsmallthingsdirectlyIfyourroommatedoessomethingthatannoysyou,getitsolvedimmediately,saysBayard.38,butheaddssolvingproblems,likeaskingyourroommatetoputawaytheirshoes,beforeitgetsworse,canhelppreventfurtherconflict(沖突).Invitemoreplayintoyourhome39.Hosteventstogether,likeathemedwatchpartyforamovieorsportsgame.Keepaguestbookforyourapartmentandhaveguestssignit.YoucouldeventhrowaPowerpointparty.LearnfromthemLivingwitharoommateisagoodopportunitytomeetsomeonewithaverydifferentbackgroundfromyours.40.A．SetclearrulesB．ItmightfeelawkwardC．IleftmydirtyclotheseverywhereD．WecandevelopfriendshipsinmanywaysE．Don’tforgettohavefunwithyourroommateF．Inthiscase,youcanlearnsomethingnewfromyourroommateG．Traditionalwaysofcommunicationcanbelimitingandtaketime36．C37．A38．B39．E40．F【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。通過(guò)給出建議和〖提示〗，向讀者介紹了如何與室友成功相處，以及如何處理室友關(guān)系中可能出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題。36．根據(jù)前文“ThefirsttimeIhadaroommatewasduringmyfreshmanyearofcollege.Luckyforme,shewasgreat.Shewascleanandorganized.I,ontheotherhand,wasahorribleroommate.(我第一次有室友是在我大一的時(shí)候。幸運(yùn)的是，她很棒。她干凈整潔。另一方面，我是個(gè)糟糕的室友。)”可知，此處是作者把自己和室友作對(duì)比，所以C項(xiàng)“Ileftmydirtyclotheseverywhere(我把臟衣服丟得到處都是)”和室友的干凈整潔形成對(duì)比，符合文意。故選C項(xiàng)。37．設(shè)空為本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)后文“Discusstherulesofyourlivingarrangement.Howarewesplitting(分?jǐn)?rent?What’sourguestpolicy?Shouldwecreateacleaningschedule?Makeyourexpectationsclear.Ifyourroommatessaythey’regoodabout“payingrentontime”,forexample,whatdoes“ontime”meantothem?(討論你們的生活安排規(guī)則。我們?cè)趺捶謹(jǐn)偡孔?我們的客人政策是什么?我們應(yīng)該制定一個(gè)清潔計(jì)劃嗎?明確你的期望。例如，如果你的室友說(shuō)他們很擅長(zhǎng)“按時(shí)交房租”，那么“按時(shí)”對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)意味著什么?)”可知，本段主要講述了和室友制定規(guī)則，所以A項(xiàng)“Setclearrules(制定明確的規(guī)則)”符合本段主題，為本段小標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。38．根據(jù)前文“Ifyourroommatedoessomethingthatannoysyou,getitsolvedimmediately,saysBayard.(貝亞德說(shuō)，如果你的室友做了什么讓你生氣的事，馬上解決。)”以及后文“butheaddssolvingproblems,likeaskingyourroommatetoputawaytheirshoes,beforeitgetsworse,canhelppreventfurtherconflict(沖突).(但他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，在事情變得更糟之前，讓你的室友把鞋子收起來(lái)，這樣解決問(wèn)題有助于防止進(jìn)一步的沖突。)”可知，B項(xiàng)“Itmightfeelawkward(這可能會(huì)讓人感到尷尬)”承接上文，it代指馬上解決讓你生氣的事，并和下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合文意。故選B項(xiàng)。39．設(shè)空位于段首，是本段中心句，根據(jù)后文“Hosteventstogether,likeathemedwatchpartyforamovieorsportsgame.Keepaguestbookforyourapartmentandhaveguestssignit.YoucouldeventhrowaPowerpointparty.(一起舉辦活動(dòng)，比如為電影或體育比賽舉辦主題觀(guān)看派對(duì)。為你的公寓準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)留言簿，讓客人在上面簽名。你甚至可以舉辦一個(gè)ppt派對(duì)。)”可知，本段主要講述和室友一起舉辦活動(dòng)，所以E項(xiàng)“Don’tforgettohavefunwithyourroommate(別忘了和你的室友一起玩)”符合本段主題，為本段中心句。故選E項(xiàng)。40．位于段尾，是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Livingwitharoommateisagoodopportunitytomeetsomeonewithaverydifferentbackgroundfromyours.(和室友住在一起是一個(gè)很好的機(jī)會(huì)，可以認(rèn)識(shí)與你背景截然不同的人。)”可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Inthiscase,youcanlearnsomethingnewfromyourroommate(在這種情況下，你可以從你的室友那里學(xué)到一些新東西)”是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，符合文意。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)Alittlepenguin,namedMercyafterwards,arrivedattheBonorongWildlifeHospital.Hewasinreallybadcondition.“Thepenguinwas41,notdoingsowellandneededfatteningup,”saidPetraHarris,thehospitalmanager.LittlepenguinswerethesmallestspeciesofpenguinsonEarthbutsadlyin42numbers.43,withthehelpofateamofwildlifekeepers,Mercyregainedfullhealthandwas44backintothewild.Mercy’sstoryhasnowbeenmadeintoavideoandwas45onsocialmediaplatformsonWorldPenguinDayonApril25.Inthe46,MsHarrissaidaman47Mercylookingunwellandcontactedthemthroughtheirrescueline.Rescuerswentto48Mercyandbroughthimback.Thevet(獸醫(yī))teamdidafull49onhim.“WeX-rayedhimtocheckforanyinjuriesthatweren’t50.Totheir51,itturnedoutthatMercywasjustalittleunderweight.Mercywas52tofattenupatthehospitaluntilhecouldswim.Thenhewasreleasedatdawnsothathecouldspendthedayfishingbeforereturningtohisburrow(洞穴).”It’sacomfortforustoseeanimalsgobackwherethey53,“MsHarrissaid.”Mercywastheluckyonethatgetstohaveasecond54atlife,andit’scertainlyvery55forustomakeit.“41．A．underweight B．concerned C．unfriendly D．depressed42．A．climbing B．stable C．declining D．a(chǎn)verage43．A．Naturally B．Fortunately C．Strangely D．Consequently44．A．watchedover B．letalone C．setfree D．broughtup45．A．changed B．posted C．filmed D．refused46．A．hospital B．book C．video D．record47．A．treated B．hunted C．searched D．observed48．A．cure B．select C．raise D．collect49．A．examination B．favor C．description D．survey50．A．serious B．obvious C．previous D．familiar51．A．puzzle B．shock C．a(chǎn)wareness D．relief52．A．supported B．fed C．operated D．a(chǎn)dapted53．A．belong B．recover C．reserve D．escape54．A．thought B．success C．chance D．try55．A．demanding B．fascinating C．a(chǎn)larming D．rewarding41．A42．C43．B44．C45．B46．C47．D48．D49．A50．B51．D52．B53．A54．C55．D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是記敘文。一家醫(yī)院的工作人員救助了一只小企鵝，并在它康復(fù)之后將其放歸野外。41．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這只企鵝體重不足，狀態(tài)不太好，需要增肥。A.underweight重量不足的；B.concerned擔(dān)心的；C.unfriendly不友好的；D.depressed沮喪的。根據(jù)后文“notdoingsowellandneededfatteningup(不太好，需要增肥)”可知，企鵝重量不足。故選A。42．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：小企鵝是地球上最小的企鵝物種，但令人遺憾的是它們的數(shù)量正在減少。A.climbing攀爬的；B.stable穩(wěn)定的；C.declining下降的；D.average平均的。根據(jù)上文“LittlepenguinswerethesmallestspeciesofpenguinsonEarthbutsadlyin”中but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，可知，企鵝的數(shù)量下降令人遺憾。故選C。43．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，在野生飼養(yǎng)員們的幫助下，Mercy完全恢復(fù)了健康，被放歸了野外。A.Naturally自然地；B.Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；C.Strangely奇怪地；D.Consequently結(jié)果。根據(jù)“withthehelpofateamofwildlifekeepers,Mercyregainedfullhealth(在一組野生動(dòng)物飼養(yǎng)員的幫助下，Mercy完全恢復(fù)了健康)”可知，Mercy身體恢復(fù)，這是幸運(yùn)的事。故選B。44．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，在野生飼養(yǎng)員們的幫助下，Mercy完全恢復(fù)了健康，被放歸了野外。A.watchedover監(jiān)視；B.letalone更不用說(shuō)；C.setfree釋放；D.broughtup撫養(yǎng)。根據(jù)后文“backintothewild”可知，Mercy身體恢復(fù)后被釋放回到野外。故選C。45．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Mercy的故事被制作成視頻，該視頻于4月25日“世界企鵝日”在社交媒體平臺(tái)上發(fā)布。A.changed改變；B.posted發(fā)布；C.filmed拍攝；D.refused拒絕。根據(jù)“onsocialmediaplatforms”可知，指視頻在社交平臺(tái)被發(fā)布，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞post。故選B。46．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在視頻中，MsHarris說(shuō)有人發(fā)現(xiàn)Mercy看起來(lái)身體不適并通過(guò)他們的救援熱線(xiàn)聯(lián)系了他們。A.hospital醫(yī)院；B.book書(shū)籍；C.video視頻；D.record記錄。根據(jù)上文“onsocialmediaplatformsonWorldPenguinDayonApril25”可知，視頻發(fā)布在網(wǎng)上，所以人們看到了視頻。故選C。47．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在視頻中，MsHarris說(shuō)有人觀(guān)察到Mercy看起來(lái)身體不適并通過(guò)他們的救援熱線(xiàn)聯(lián)系了他們。A.treated對(duì)待；B.hunted捕獵；C.searched搜索；D.observed觀(guān)察，看見(jiàn)。根據(jù)后文“Mercylookingunwell”可知，指人們?cè)谝曨l里看到小企鵝身體不適，observe符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。48．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：救援人員去接Mercy，并把它帶回了醫(yī)院。A.cure治愈；B.select挑選；C.raise提升；D.collect收集，領(lǐng)取。根據(jù)后文“Mercyandbroughthimback”可知，指救援人員去野外把小企鵝領(lǐng)回來(lái)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞collect。故選D。49．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：獸醫(yī)團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)它進(jìn)行了全面檢查。A.examination檢查；B.favor喜歡；C.description描述；D.survey調(diào)查。根據(jù)后文“WeX-rayedhimtocheckforanyinjuries(我們用X光檢查他有沒(méi)有受傷)”可知，這是給小企鵝身體做檢查。故選A。50．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們給它做了X檢查，以了解小企鵝身上是否有任何對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)不明顯的損傷。A.serious嚴(yán)重的；B.obvious明顯的；C.previous以前的；D.familiar熟悉的。根據(jù)“WeX-rayedhimtocheckforanyinjuriesthatweren’t”可知，用X光檢查是為了讓救援人員對(duì)不明顯的損傷進(jìn)行檢查。故選B。51．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我們感到欣慰的是，結(jié)果表明Mercy只是體重稍微偏低。A.puzzle困惑；B.shock驚訝；C.adapted意識(shí)；D.relief松口氣。根據(jù)“itturne