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圓滿版初中英語從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)概括圓滿版初中英語從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)概括圓滿版初中英語從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)概括從句一. 定義:賓語從句是指在一個(gè)句子中充任賓語的句子如:Hesaidthathewantedtobeateacherwhenhegrewup.二. 賓語從句有三各樣類:1.由隸屬that引的從句表示述意,that??杀皇÷?。比方:Ihope(that)theywillhavefun.Marysaidthatshefeltsleepy.Can’tyousee(that)’Imabird?注意:(1)當(dāng)主句的是think,believe等,從句只管要表示否認(rèn)意,卻不用否認(rèn)形式,而將think等否認(rèn)形式。如:Idon’tthinkhewillcome.我他不會(huì)來。2)兩個(gè)表示述意的從句并列,有省去第一個(gè)從句的that,但第二個(gè)從句的that一般不能夠以省略。如:Hetoldme(that)theycouldnotdecidewhattodoandthattheyaskedmyadvice.2.由隸屬if或whether引的從句表示“可否(有,能,已??)”等一般疑句的含。比方:Iwonderwhether(if)heliveshere.3.由接代who,whom,whose,what,which和接副when,where,how,why等引的從句表示“,的,什么,哪(個(gè),些),何,何地,怎,什么”等等特別疑句的意。除了接及被修的提前以外,從句用述句序。比方:Tomaskedwhocouldgivethemessagetohermother.Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?Iwonderedhowoldhisbrotherwas..賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)響應(yīng):“主現(xiàn)則從任,主過則從過,客觀真理一般現(xiàn)”1.當(dāng)主句是在或?qū)淼暮?,從句能夠用所需要的任何?.主句是去,從句一般只能用去的某種形式;當(dāng)從句表達(dá)的是客事或一般真理,從句仍舊用在。3.情must一般不用于去,但卻能夠用于主句是去的從句中。四.賓語從句的語序從句的接后加述序(主在前,在后)如:Iwanttoknowifhecancometomorrow當(dāng)接自己又是從句的主,后邊直接加如:Sheaskedmewhohadhelpedhim狀從句英中,修、形容、副等的句子成分叫狀。狀的功用:狀明地址、、原因、目的、果、條件、方向、程度、方式和陪同情況等,依照狀的功能狀從句可分:狀從句、原因狀從句、目的狀從句、果狀從句、條件狀從句。一.狀從句:在一個(gè)句子中作狀的句子。狀的接:when(當(dāng)?候)while(當(dāng)?候)as(當(dāng)?候)after(在?今后)before(在?以前)assoonas(一?就)since(自從?到在)till/until(直到?才)bythetime(到?止)仍舊是接后加述序。when當(dāng)?的候(一般情況下:主將從)IwillbecomeateacherwhenIgrowupwhile當(dāng)?Hevisitedalotofplaceswhilehewastraveling.3. as 在?的同;一?一?Hesmiledashestoodup.4. after 在?今后Helefttheclassroomafterhehadfinishedhishomeworktheotherday.before在?以前Mr.Brownhadworkedinabankforayearbeforehecamehere.assoonas一?就?(一般情況下:主將從)Webegantoworkassoonaswegotthere.IwillwritetoyouassoonasIgethome.7. since 自?以來 到在表示自去的一個(gè)起點(diǎn)到當(dāng)前()止的一段持。主句一般用在達(dá)成,從句用一般去。MrGreenhastaughtinthatschoolsincehecametoChinathreeyearsago.可(以用作介,本句從句能夠用短:8 till/until 直到
sincethreeyearsago(自三年前以來
)表示。)都能夠作,接狀,也能夠作介,與其他組成介短,在句中作狀。Theywalkedtill/untilitwasdark.XiaoMingdidn ’tleavehometill/untilhisfathercame.backbythetime到?止(所在句子的主句用在或去達(dá)成)Bythetimehegetsthere,hisfatherhasalreadygone.BythetimeIgottoschool,theclasshadalreadybegan.用法辨析:1.when,while和as的差別When引的從句的能夠是延性的,又能夠是瞬。而且when有表示“就在那”。比方:Whenshecamein,Istoppedeating. 她來,我在吃。(瞬)WhenIlivedinthecountryside,Iusedtocarrysomewaterforhim.當(dāng)?shù)淖≡诖?,我?jīng)常他挑水。(延性的)Wewereabouttoleavewhenhecamein. 我就要走開,就在那他來了。While 引的從句的作必是延性的,并主句和從句的作同生(或許相)。而且while有能夠表示比。比方:Whilemywifewasreadingthenewspaper,IwaswatchingTV.Ilikeplayingfootballwhileyoulikeplayingbasketball.我喜踢足球,而你喜打球。(比)As表示“一??一”,as引的作是延性的作,一般用于主句和從句作同生;as也能夠“一先一后。比方:Wealwayssingaswewalk.我是走唱。(as表示“一??一”)Aswewasgoingout,itbegantosnow.當(dāng)我出,開始下雪了。(as句中兩個(gè)作接著先后生,而不開始下雪的特定)aswhenwhile都表示主、從句作同生,三者差別以下:as表示“一。。。一"的意思when1、能夠表示從句的作在主幾句的作"以前 "或"今后"生。2、when=andthen;atthatmoment正(在那個(gè)候)3.常用于常搭配中while1、用于2、兩個(gè)作同行,并表示比有三個(gè)能夠互,有不能夠以。ltwasraininghardwhen(as)Igotthere.我到那邊,正在下大雨。(作同生,when可as,但不能夠while,因get是點(diǎn).)WhenIhadreadthearticle,hecalledme.我看完篇文章今后,她我打了。(從句作生在主句以前,注意表達(dá),只能用when)WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbegun.(當(dāng))我到了影院,影已開演了。(從句的作生在主句今后,只能用when,并要注意)Hewasabouttoleave,whenthetelephonerang.他正要走開,忽然響了。(此不能夠放在句首。主句一般表達(dá)“正在”“立刻”.while,as不能夠代替ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,while,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.他以我在她女兒,但是,上在我女兒。(表折,比,when,as都不能夠代替它)Whilethealienwasbuyingasouvenir,thegirlcalledthepolice.外星人念品,那女孩警察打了。(表示主句,從句的作同生,while后引的狀從句的必是延不能夠是點(diǎn),因它表示)MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill,especiallyas(when/while)fatherwasaway.擔(dān)憂,因小病了,特是他父不在家的候。(此as,when,while可通用)由till或until引的狀從句。till和until一般情況下兩者能夠互,但是在句型中多用until。而且要注意的是:若是主句中的是瞬,必用否認(rèn)形式;若是主句中的是延性,用必然或否認(rèn)形式都能夠,但表達(dá)的意思不同樣樣。比方:Iworkeduntilhecameback我.工作到他回來止。Ididn'tworkuntilhecameback.他回來我才開始工作。由since引的狀從句。since引的從句的能夠是延性的,又能夠是瞬。一般情況下,從句用一般去,而主句的用在達(dá)成,表述:在達(dá)成+since+一般去。但在Itis++since從句的句型中,主句多用一般在。比方:ItisfivemonthssinceourbosswasinBeijing我.老板走開北京有五個(gè)月了。知展Itis?since從?.以來多了Itisfiveyearssincewemetlasttime.Itis?+before?(。。。才。。。)ItwasalongtimebeforeIwenttosleepagain.Itwasanhourbefore(=until)thepolicearrived..原因狀從句:在一個(gè)句子中作狀的句子。接:由because,since,as引,也可由for,nowthat等引1.Ididn ’tgotoschoolyesterdaybecauseIwasill.2.Sinceeverybodyishere,let ’sbeginour既meeting然。。。.Asyouareinpoorhealth,youshouldnotstayuplate.既然。。。4.Iaskedhertostaytotea,forIhadsomethingtotellher..用法辨析:because,since,as,for辨析1)because最,用來明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的。當(dāng)原因是而易的或已人所知,就用 as或since。Ididn’tgo,becauseIwasafraid.Since/Astheweatherissobad,wehavetodelayourjourney.2)由
because引的從句若是放在句末,且前面有逗號(hào),能夠用
for
來代替。但若是不是明直接原因,而是多種情況加以推斷,就只能用 for。Heisabsenttoday,because/forheisill.Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.三、條件狀從句接:if若是,unless(=ifnot) 若是不、除非(步)Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wegowillhiking.Iwillgotothepartyunlesshegoestheretoo.Youwillbelateunlessyouleaveimmediately.=Ifyoudon’tleaveimmediately,youwillbelate.條件狀從句:主將從 .Hewillnotleaveifitisn ’tfinetomorrow.四、目的、果狀從句目的狀從句是指在一個(gè)句子中充任目的狀的句子。果狀從句是指在一個(gè)句子中充任果狀的句子目的狀從句接 sothat,so?that,inorderthat引。果狀從句接 so?that,such?that,somuch/many?that引。so?that這樣?致使于sothat致使于,以便于such?that這樣?致使inorderthat=sothat了Weshallletyouknowthedetailssooninorderthatyoucan/maymakeyourarrangements.5.比:so和such其律由so與such的不同樣樣性決定。such是形容,修名或名,so是副,只能修形容或副。so可與表示數(shù)量的形容many,few,much,little用,形成固定搭配。soniceaflower suchaniceflowersomany/fewflowers suchniceflowerssomanypeople suchalotofpeoplesomany已成固定搭配,alotof相當(dāng)于many,但alotof名性的,只能用such搭配。)點(diǎn)so+形容或副 so+形+a(an)+數(shù)可數(shù)名so+many/few+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名so+much/little+不能夠數(shù)名so?that與such?that皆可引目的地狀從句和果狀從句。Theboyissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.Heissuchayoungboythathecan’tgotoschoolso+adj/adv.+that,such+n.+that以上兩種句型都表示果so副,后接形容,副原型,可數(shù)名前有 many,few;不能夠數(shù)名前有much,little修,采用句型:somany(few,much,little)+n.such形容,后只能接名。名既能夠地可數(shù)的,也能夠是不能夠數(shù)的。若是名是可數(shù)的 ,必在名前加不定冠 a(an).常的形式是:sucha(beautiful)garden,such(nice)people.五、步狀從句步狀從句是指在句子中作步的狀的句子接:though,although.,whether?ornot點(diǎn):though,although當(dāng)“然”,都不能夠和but用.Although/though?but的格式是不的.但是他都能夠同yet(still)用.因此thought(although)?yet(still)的格式是正確的.Wrong:Althoughheisrichbutheisnothappy.Right:Althoughheisrich,yetheisnothappy.然他很富饒,但是他其實(shí)不快.Right:Althoughwehavegrownup,ourparentstreatusaschildrenRight:Althoughwehavegrownup,ourparentsstilltreatusaschildren.只管我已大了,但是我的父親母親仍把我看作小孩 .although,though辨析although不能夠作并列,although不能夠作副,放在尾表示要用 eventhough.1、EventhoughIdidn’tunderaword,Ikeptsmiling. 只管典型例1)___sheisyoung,sheknowsquitealot.A.When B.However C.Although D.Unlesseverif,eventhough.即使We’llmakeatripeventhoughtheweatherisbad.3)whether?ornot 不論??都Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.nomatter 從句構(gòu):"nomatter+特別疑疑+述序"或"特別疑+后ever+述序"Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.替:nomatterwhat=whatevernomatterwho=whoevernomatterwhen=whenevernomatterwhere=wherevernomatterwhich=whichevernomatterhow=however注意:nomatter不能夠引主從句和從句。()Nomatterwhatyousayisnotusefulnow.()Whateveryousayisnotusefulnow.你在什么也沒用了。(Whateveryousay是主從句)()Prisonershavetoeatnomatterwhatthey’regiven,()Prisonershavetoeatwhateverthey’regiven. 監(jiān)犯只能什么吃什么定語從句定是指在句子中用來修名、代的成分定從句是指在一個(gè)句子中作定的句子,定從句要放在所修的后如:IhavemetthedoctorwhoisintheNo.1hospital.定從句的接:1.接代:who、which、whom、whose、that2.接副:when、where、why用接的關(guān)是看先行 (定從句所修的名或代 )一、接代的用: 指人,先行人,在從句中做主YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.whom指人,先行詞為人,在定語從句中充任賓語,常可省略。Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.注意:關(guān)系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替,可省略。3.which指物,先行詞為物,在定語從句中做主語或許賓語,做賓語時(shí)可省略Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.that指人時(shí),相當(dāng)于who或許whom;指物時(shí),相當(dāng)于which。在定語從句中做主語或許賓語,做賓語時(shí)可省略。Thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?whose平常指人,也可指物,在定語從句中做定語,譯成"...的"Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.指物時(shí),常用以下構(gòu)造來代替Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?=Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?介詞+連結(jié)代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句連結(jié)代詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時(shí),從句常由介詞+連結(jié)代詞引導(dǎo)Theschool(that/which)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.注意:1.含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語一般不翻開使用,如:of等Thisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor.(T)ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.(F)
lookfor,lookafter,takecare2.若介詞放在連結(jié)代詞前,連結(jié)代詞指人時(shí)用 whom,不能夠用who或許that;指物時(shí)用which,不能夠用that;連結(jié)代詞是所有格時(shí)用 whose“介詞+連結(jié)代詞”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代詞或許數(shù)詞Helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someofwhichhavegonebad.Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhomarefrombigcities二、連結(jié)副詞的采用:when指時(shí)間,在定語從句中做時(shí)間狀語where指地址,在定語從句中做地址狀語ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.why指原因,在定語從句中做原因狀語Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.注意:關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句能夠由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的從句代替Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear,Fromtheyearwhen/inwhichhewasgoingtoschoolhebegantoknowwhathewantedwhenhegrewup.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecityinwhich./whereIwasborn.三、判斷關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的方法 :正確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分 (主、、、定、狀)例1.Isthisthemuseum___youvisitedafewdaysago?例2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld?A.where B.that C.onwhich D.theone關(guān)系的依照在從句中所做的成分,先行在從句中做主、定、,關(guān)系代(who,whom,that,which,whose);先行在從句中做狀,關(guān)系副(where地址狀,when狀,why原因狀)四、介+接用法明1)介后邊的關(guān)系不能夠省略。2)that前不能夠有介。3)某些在從句中充任,地址或原因狀的"介+關(guān)系"構(gòu)能夠同關(guān)系副when,where和why互如:ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub?Thisisthereasonwhyhecamelate.Thisisthereasonforwhichhecamelate.五.限制性定從句和非限制性定從句限制性定從句例:chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.非限制性定從句例:hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.要注意區(qū)分以下幾個(gè)句子的不同樣樣hisbrotherwhoisnowadoctoralwaysencourageshimtogotocollege.他那當(dāng)醫(yī)生的哥哥常激勵(lì)他要考上大學(xué)。(他有其他的哥哥)hisbrother,whoisnowadoctor,alwaysencourageshimtogotocollege.他的哥哥是當(dāng)醫(yī)生的,常激勵(lì)他要考上大學(xué)。(他只有一個(gè)哥哥)關(guān)系代as和which引的定從句as和which引非限制性定從句,有同樣之也有不同樣樣之。詳細(xì)情況是:1.a(chǎn)s和which都能夠在定從句中做主或許,代表前面整個(gè)句子。hemarriedher,as/whichwasnatural.hewashonest,as/whichwecansee.as引非限制性定從句,可放在主句以前,或許主句今后,甚至能夠切割一個(gè)主句;which引的非限制性定從句只能放在主句今后。其他,as有“正如??,正像??”的意思asisknowntoall,chinaisadevelopingcountry.heisfromthesouth,aswecanseefromhisaccent.john,asyouknow,isafamouswriter.hehasbeentoparismorethanseveraltimes,whichidon'tbelieve.注意:當(dāng)主句和從句存在上的因果關(guān)系,常用 whichtomwasalwayslateforschool,whichmadehisteacherangry.3.當(dāng)先行次受such,thesame修飾時(shí),常用 asihaveneverheardsuchastoryashetells.heisnotsuchafoolashelooks.thisisthesamebookasilostlastweek.注意:當(dāng)先行次由thesame修飾時(shí),有時(shí)也用that引導(dǎo)定語從句,但是和由as所引導(dǎo)的定語從句意思不同樣樣sheworethesamedressthatsheworeatmary'swedding.她衣著她在mary婚禮上穿過的一條裙子。sheworethesamedressasheryoungsisterwore.她衣著和她妹妹所穿的同樣的裙子。以theway為先行詞的定語從句平常由 inwhich,that引導(dǎo),而且平常能夠省略。thewayinwhich/that/./heansweredthequestionwassurprising.but有時(shí)也能夠做關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句thereareveryfewbutunderstandhisidea.(but=whodon't)定語從句只能用 that的幾種情況1.當(dāng)先行詞是anything,everything,nothing(something除外),few,all,none,little,some等代詞時(shí),或許是由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修飾時(shí)HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lihassaid?Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou.注意:當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí),有時(shí)也能夠用 whoAnymanthat/whohasasenseofdutywon2.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾
’tdosuchathing.當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高等修飾時(shí)ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.當(dāng)形容詞被thevery,theonly修飾時(shí)ThisistheverygooddictionarythatIwanttobuy,當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí),有時(shí)也能夠用 whoWangHuaistheonlypersoninourschoolwhowillattendthemeeting?當(dāng)先行詞前面有who,which等疑問代詞時(shí)Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?當(dāng)先行詞既有人,也有動(dòng)物或許物體時(shí)Canyourememberthescientistandhistheorythatwehavelearned?同位語從句(一)一般來說,在主從復(fù)合句中,用作同位語的從句叫同位語從句。它平常跟在某些名詞今后,用以說明或講解該名詞表示的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容。能夠跟同位語從句的名詞平常有:advice,decision,fact,hope,idea,information,message,news,promise,proposal,reply,report,suggestion,word(信息),problem,question,doubt,thought等。Theyweredelightedatthenewsthattheirteamhadwon.有時(shí)同位語從句能夠不緊跟在被說明的名詞后邊,而被其他詞分開。 如:ThethoughtcametohimthatTommighthavereturnedthebook.(二)引導(dǎo)詞ThenewsthatMr.LiwillbeournewEnglishteacheristrue.Hehasn’tmadethedecisionwhetherhewillgothere.Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.Ihavenoideawhattheboyisdoinginthenextroomnow.Wehaven’yetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacationthisyear.IhavenoideahowIcangettotherailwaystation.Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.小結(jié):①that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)無詞義,也不充任任何成分,但平常不能夠以省略,如句1;②whether引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)意為“可否”,平常不能夠用if來代替,如句2;③連結(jié)代詞who,what等能夠引導(dǎo)同位語從句,如句 3,4;④連結(jié)副詞where,how,when等能夠引導(dǎo)同位語從句,如句5,6,7。(三)that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句和定語從句①意義不同樣樣:同位語從句用來進(jìn)一步說明前面名詞的內(nèi)容;而定語從句用來修飾、限制前面的先行詞。試比較:Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.that的功能不同樣樣:that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)是一個(gè)純連詞,不充任任何成分;而引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí),不單起連結(jié)作用,而且還指代先行詞并在從句中充任主語、賓語等成分。試比較:DadmadeapromisethathewouldbuymeaCDplayerifIpassedtheEnglishtest.Dadmadeapromisethatexcitedallhischildren.③可否省略:that在引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí),平常不能夠省略。在引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí),若在從句中作賓語,平常能夠省略,若作主語則不能夠以省略。主語從句由連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句:引導(dǎo)詞that無含義,在句中不做成分,不能夠以省。Thatyouwillwinthemedalseemsunlikely. 你想獲得獎(jiǎng)牌看起來是不能夠能的。用連詞whether引導(dǎo)的主語從句:whether有含義(可否),在句中不做成分,不能夠以省。Whethersheiscomingornotdoesn ’tmattertoomuch.她來不來都沒關(guān)緊迫。用連結(jié)代詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句(在由連結(jié)代詞who,whose,whom,which,what,whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句中,其連結(jié)代詞在句中起名詞性作用,擔(dān)當(dāng)必然成分).Whatyouneedismorepractice.你所需要的是更多的。Whateverwedoistoservethepeople.我無做什么都是人民服。用接副when,where,why,how引的名性從句(其接副有含,在句中作狀。)Whereweshouldleaveitisaproblem.注意it做形式主,而將主從句放在句末(特別是當(dāng)短)。Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.=Itisknowntoallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.盡人皆知光沿直播。(當(dāng)what引的主從句表示“?的西”,一般不用 it作形式主。):Itisabookwhathewants.:Whathewantsisabook.他想要的是本。固定用法和法(1)Itis+名+從句Itisafactthat 事?是??Itisgoodnewsthat ?是好??信息Itisaquestionthat 是?個(gè)??Itiscommonknowledgethat ?是常??似的名有:apity;awonder;agoodthing;nowonder;surprise等。2)Itis+形容+從句Itislikelythat 很可能???Itisimportantthat 重要?的是??似的形容有:strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quite;unusual;certain;evident;worth-while;surprising;interesting;astonishing,etc.3)Itis+去分+從句Ithasbeenprovedthat 已?明??Itmustbeprovedthat 必?指出??似的去分有:known;estimated;expected;believed;thought;hoped;noted;discussed;required;decided;suggested;demanded;madeclear;foundout,etc。.當(dāng)“及物 + ”短,也可用種構(gòu)。ItshockedmethatPeterdidnottellanybodywherehewas.我驚訝的是彼得沒有告任何人他在哪里。2.只用whether不用if引主從句.表從句一.在復(fù)合句中作表的從句 ,就叫做表從句。表從句一般放在系今后 ,構(gòu)是“主+系+表從句”。系:be、表示持的系(keep,remain,stay)、感官feel(摸起來,感),smell(起來),sound(聽起來),taste(起來,吃起來)等、表示化的系(become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,)、表止的系prove,turnout(果是,明是)、seem,appear(看起來··)系平常不用于被和行中。Hehasbecomewhathewantedtobetenyearsago.他已成了他 10年前想成的。Hissuggestionisthatweshouldstaycalm.他的建是,我保持沉著。二.表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞1.隸屬連詞:that/whether/asif/asthough/as/becausethat引導(dǎo)表語從句自己沒有詞義,在句中只起連結(jié)作用,不充任句子成分,一般不能夠省略。Thatfactisthatmorethanseventypercentoftheearth
’ssurfaceiscoveredbywate連結(jié)詞
that一般不能夠省略,但當(dāng)主句中含動(dòng)詞
do的某種形式時(shí),
that能夠省略。WhatIwanttodois(that)Icangouptohimandthankhim.我想做的事是走到身邊去感謝他。whether引導(dǎo)表語從句表示“可否”,但不充任句子的成分。Thequestioniswhetherwecanfinishourworkbytomorrowevening.if與whether均意為“可否”,但引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí),只能用 whether,不能夠用if。(3)asif/though憂如“”,引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)要注意語態(tài) .若是句中的情況與事實(shí)不切合, 從句多用虛假語氣。若是從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去式;若是從句表示與過去事實(shí)相反時(shí)
,謂語動(dòng)詞要用“
had+過去分詞 ”,若是從句表示將來的可能性不大,用
would(might,could)+動(dòng)詞原形.LiLeiisnowinanewjacket.HelooksasifhewereanAmericanboy.(現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)Thegirlisgivingusavividdescriptionofthemoon.Itseemsasifshehadbeentothemoonmanytimes.(與過去事實(shí)相反)Itlooksasifitmightrain.
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