普通動物學（上）學習通超星期末考試答案章節(jié)答案2024年

普通動物學（上）學習通超星期末考試章節(jié)答案2024年Theciliatedlarvaofanacornworm（柱頭蟲）iscalledthe(

).

答案:tornaria（柱頭幼蟲）Acornwormsbelongtotheclass().

答案:EnteropneustaMembersofthephylum()includeacornwormsandpterobranchs.

答案:HemichordataWhichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofanimalsinthephylumHemichordate（半索動物門）?

答案:ciliated（纖毛的）pharyngealslitsIncreasedlarvalmotility（運動性）isoftenadaptiveforspecieswithsedentary（定棲）adultsbecauseitpromotes(

).

答案:dispersal（分散）Synchronousbreedingbyenteropneustssuggeststhepresenceof().

答案:pheromonesThecommonnameacornwormisderivedfromtheappearanceofthe()oftheseworms.

答案:proboscisSeastarspossessstrandsoftissuethatencirclethemouthandrunintothearms;thesestrandsoftissuemakeupthe()system.

答案:hemalSeaurchinsandsanddollarsbelongtotheechinodermclass().

答案:EchinoideaSeacucumbersrespireusing().

答案:therespiratorytreeIfabrittlestarisgraspedbyanarm,certainmusclesmaycontracttoserveandcastoffthearminaprocesscalled().

答案:autotomyWhichistheonlyclassofechinodermswheretheoralsurfaceisnotorientedtothesubstrate?

答案:CrinoideaEchinodermsfromthisclasshavebeenoverharvestedaroundtheGalàpagosislands,astheyhavebecomeincreasinglypopularforbothculinaryandmedicinaluses.

答案:HolothuroideaManyechinodermsfromthisclassproducetoxinsintheirbodywallsthatdiscouragepredators.

答案:HolothuroideaSeastars（海星）typicallyfeed(

).

答案:onbivalves（雙殼類）ThenameEchinodermatatranslatesas().

答案:spinyskinTheoutermostregionoftheseastarstomach,the(),canbeevertedfromthebody.

答案:cardiacstomachIntheseastars,a(n)()grooverunsalongtheundersideofeacharm.

答案:ambulacralTheprincipalnitrogenouswasteofseastarsis().

答案:ammoniaInseastars,thinfoldsofthebodywallthatfunctioninrespirationarecalled().

答案:dermalbranchiaeThe()istheouterlayerofthearthropodexoskeleton,anditiscomposedofawaterproofingwaxylipoprotein.

答案:epicuticleInsectdominanceinterrestrialenvironmentsisdueinparttotheevolutionof().

答案:flightMostinsectsareconsideredtobe(

),astheyuseexternalsources（外部資源）ofheatfortemperatureregulation.

答案:ectotherms（外溫動物）Thearthropodexoskeletonmustbeshedtoallowgrowth.Thesheddingprocessiscalled().

答案:ecdysisMillipedes,centipedes,pauropods,andsymphylansareplacedtogetherinasubphylumcalled().

答案:MyriapodaTheprimarynitrogenouswasteexcretedbyinsectsis().

答案:uricacidInsectsinwhichthelarvaeappeartobeexactminiaturesoftheadultsexhibit()metamorphosis.

答案:ametabolousMayfliesanddragonfliesexhibit()metamorphosis.

答案:hemimetabolousDragonfliesanddamselfliesbelongtotheorder().

答案:OdonataSomeinsects,suchasbees,havevariablebodytemperature,butdouseshiveringthermogenesis.Theyareknownas().

答案:heterothermsSeaspiders（海蜘蛛）belongtotheclass(

).

答案:Pycnogonida（海蜘蛛）Inwhichofthefollowingtypesofenvironmentswouldyoufindinsects?

答案:alloftheanswersarecorrectThelegsandwingsofinsectsareattachedtothe().

答案:thoraxMembersofclass()areamongthemostnumerouscrustaceans,andarebothmarineandfreshwaterindistribution.

答案:CopepodaSome()demonstrateaprimitiveformofvivipary

答案:scorpionsTheantennalorgreenglandsofcrayfishfunctionin().

答案:excretion()betweenlarvalandadultstagesofarthropodsreducescompetitionforresources.

答案:MetamorphosisKrillbelongtotheorder().

答案:EuphausiaceaInsectreproductionmaybecharacterizedbyallofthefollowingEXCEPT:().

答案:indirectfertilizationMosthymenopterans（膜翅類）havea()sexdeterminationsystem.

答案:haplodiploidWhichofthefollowingisnotasynapomorphythatunitesthemembersoftheecdysozoanclade?

答案:alloftheanswersarecorrectHorseshoecrabsbelongtothearthropodsubphylum().

答案:ChelicerataBarnaclesbelongtothe().

答案:CirripediaThechelicerateopisthosoma().

答案:containsdigestiveorgansArepellentcalled()isproducedbytherepugnatorialglandsofmillipedes.

答案:hydrogencyanideTheendocrineglandsinvolvedinthecontrolofmoltingarethecorporacardiaca,thecorporaallataandthe().

答案:prothoracicglandsManyarachnidsutilize()forrespiration,whicharebelievedtobemodificationsofbookgills.

答案:booklungsInsectsinthisorderarecharacterizedbyhavingasinglepairofwingsontheirmesothorax.

答案:DipteraThemajorityofcrustaceansare().

答案:aquaticSynchronousflightmaybecharacterizedby().

答案:eachwingbeatbeingtheresultofonenervousimpulseAppendagesoftrilobitesweredividedintotwolobes,hencetheyarecalled().

答案:biramousTheportionofthecrustaceanexoskeletonthatcoversthecephalothoraxisthe().

答案:carapaceImmatureinsectsundergoingholometabolousmetamorphosisarecalled()becausetheyareverydifferentfromtheadultmorphology.

答案:larvaeSpiders,ticks,andscorpionsbelongtothearthropodclass().

答案:ArachnidaTerrestrialcrustaceansarequiterare,butterrestrialpillbugsbelongtotheorder().

答案:IsopodaThecrustaceancompoundeyeiscomposedofindividualunitscalled().

答案:ommatidiaThetympanalorgansofsomeinsectsinthisorderareabletohearultrasonicfrequencies,whichhelpsthemtoevadebats.

答案:LepidopteraTheonlylivingcephalopodsthatpossessanexternalshellarethe().

答案:nautiloidsThestudyofsimilaritiesanddifferencesinearlydevelopmentofanimalsiscalled().

答案:comparativeembrologySquids,octopuses,cuttlefishes,andnautilibelongtothemolluscanclass().

答案:CephalopodaNeopilinarepresentsthemolluscanclass(),thatwasknownonlyfromfossilsuntil1952.

答案:MonoplacophoraThebodyofmolluscsisdividedintotwomainregionscalledthe().

答案:head-footandvisceralmassWhichofthefollowingisnotamemberoftheclassBivalvia?

答案:chitonsThecirculatorysystemofmostmolluscsis().

答案:openTheshellofamollusc（軟體動物）issecretedbythe(

).

答案:mantle（外套）Thesegmentalarrangementofgills,excretorystructures,andnervouselementsinthe(),makethemseemlikea"missinglink"betweenmolluscsandtheannelid-arthropodline.

答案:monoplacophoransIngastropods,foodistrappedinmucusandincorporatedintoarotatingmucoidmasscalledthe(),whichextendstothestomach.

答案:protostylePigmentcellsofcephalopodsarecalled().

答案:chromatophoresChitonsbelongtothemolluscanclass().

答案:PolyplacophoraThediversityofbodyformsandlife-stylesinthephylumMolluscaisanexcellentexampleof().

答案:adaptiveradiationMusclesresponsibleforclosingthebivalveshellare(

).

答案:adductors（內收肌）Inthebivalves,finaldigestionoccurs().

答案:inthedigestiveglandTheadaptationofbivalvestosedentary,filterfeedinglife-stylesinvolvedlossofthe()andtheradula.

答案:headInsomegastropods,a(n)()isfoundonthedorsal,posteriormarginofthefootandwhenthefootisdrawnintotheshell,sealstheopening.

答案:operculumThegastropodlarvalstageinwhichtorsionoccursiscalledthe().

答案:veligerThetentacleofmalecephalopodsthatismodifiedforspermatophoretransferisthe().

答案:hectocotylusCephalopodstypicallylocatepreyby().

答案:sightMolluscspossessthistypeofskeleton.

答案:hydraulicMolluscsare(

).

答案:lophotrochozoansTheclassofmolluscsthatcontainsthemostspeciesistheclass().

答案:GastropodaToothshellsbelongtothemolluscanclass().

答案:ScaphopodaThemostcomplexmolluscsbelongtotheclass().

答案:CephalopodaThelackofa()inthemolluscanclassAplacophoraisthoughttobeaprimitivecharacteristic.

答案:shellThe()isadorsalinvaginationthatincreasesthesurfaceareaoftheearthwormintestine.

答案:typhlosole()increasethesurfaceareaforrespiratoryexchangeinsomepolychaetes.

答案:ParapodialgillsOverthelastseveralthousandyears,leecheshavebeenutilizedbyhumans().

答案:toremovebloodfromthebodyLeechesbecome()whensearchingforfood.

答案:positivelyphototacticInannelids,the()isasiteofaminoacidmetabolism.

答案:chloragogentissueTheechiuransandtwogroupsofdeepseawormsarelikelytobe().

答案:addedtotheclassPolychaetaTheopen,ciliatedfunnelofthemetanephridiumisthe().

答案:nephrostomeThe()isathin-walledstorageareaintheoligochaetedigestivetract.

答案:cropUnlikeotherannelids,echiurans().

答案:arenotsegmentedDuringfeeding,the()ofoligochaetes（寡毛綱）helpstopump（泵）infood.

答案:pharynxRecentevidencesuggeststhatannelidssharecommonancestry（祖先）with(

).

答案:Mollusca（軟體動物）Traditionally,theannelidshavebeenconsideredcloselyrelatedto().

答案:arthropodsClitellatereproductionmaybecharacterizedby().

答案:reciprocalspermtransferOfthefollowingfeaturescharacteristicofoligochaetes（寡毛綱）,whichisLACKINGinpolychaetes（多毛鋼）?

答案:clitellum（生殖帶）Theregionofthepolychaeteheadthatisdorsalandanteriortothemouth,andissensoryinfunction,isthe().

答案:prostomiumThesuperficialexternalringsonaleecharecalled:().

答案:annuliTheclassClitellatawasrecentlycreatedto().

答案:unitetheoligochaetesandleechesWhichofthefollowingphylaofanimalsisnotconsideredlophotrochozoan?

答案:ArthropodaThemajornitrogenouswaste（含氮廢物）producedbyannelidsis(

).

答案:ammonia（氨）Leeches（蛭）typicallylack(

).

答案:setae（剛毛）()aresensorypitsontheheadsofpolychaeteswithchemoreceptorsforfooddetection.

答案:NuchalorgansTheanticoagulantsecretedbyleechsalivaryglandsis().

答案:hirudinTheclassofannelidsthatcontainssomememberswithpoisonglandsassociatedwiththeirjawsis().

答案:PolychaetaThebodypartsurroundingthemouthandbearingtentaclesisthe().

答案:peristomiumSomesegmented（分節(jié)的）animalshavegroupsofsegmentsspecializedforparticularfunctions.Theprocessofformingdistinctbodyregions（不同的身體區(qū)域）iscalled:().

答案:tagmatizationThewidedistributionofrotifersinlakescanbeattributedto().

答案:alloftheanswersarecorrectIntherotiferclass(),amicticeggsdevelopexclusivelybyparthenogenesis.

答案:MonogonontaAfilarialwormwhichinfectsdogs,particularlycommonintheUnitedStates,is().

答案:ringwormThespiny（多刺的）headofaloriciferan（鎧甲動物）iscalledthe(

).

答案:introvertEcdysozoananimals().

答案:molttheircuticleIntheosmoregulatory/excretorysystemofaquaticnematodes,ventralglandcellscalled()arelocatedposteriortothepharynx.

答案:renettesStructuresthatfunctioninchemoreceptionandarefoundattheanteriorandposteriorendsofnematodesarethe().

答案:amphidsandthephasmidsCoveringthetegumentofacanthocephalansisa(),consistingofmucopolysaccharidesandglycoproteins.

答案:glycocalyxAhumanconditioncausedbyfilarialworms（絲蟲）iscalled().

答案:elephantiasisNematodesarecurrentlyplacedintohowmanyclasses?

答案:twoVarioushypotheses（假說）havebeenproposedconcerningthephylogeny（種系發(fā)生）oftheaschelminths（袋形動物）.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacharacteristicsharedbymembersofthephylacomprisingthisgroup?

答案:truecoelomMuchofthesuccessofnematodes（線蟲）isduetotheir(

).

答案:outer,noncellular,collagenous（膠原纖維）cuticleAnimalsinwhichofthefollowingphylaarenotaschelminths?

答案:GastrotrichaMembersofthephylumNematomorphaarecommonlycalled().

答案:horsehairwormsTheneckofakinorhynchhasspinescalled().

答案:scalidsTherotifer（輪蟲）pharynx咽）containsauniquemuscularstructurecalledthe(

)inwhichfoodisgroundandmacerated（浸漬）.

答案:mastax（咀嚼囊）Apseudocoelomlacks().

答案:peritoneumandmesenteriesThepinworm,Enterobiusvermicularis,commonlyinfectshumanswhen().

答案:eggscontaininginfectivelarvaeareconsumedThemostrecentaschelminthphylumtobedescribedisthephylum().

答案:LoriciferaTheaschelminthsknownasthe()aresomeofthemostabundantanimalsonearth.

答案:nematodesTheaschelminthsarethefirstanimalgroupdiscussedsofartopossessathin,toughoutercoveringcalledthe(

).

答案:cuticleRecentcladisticanalysesofmorphologicalandmoleculardatasuggeststhataschelminthsthatmolttheircuticlearemorecloselyrelatedto()thantootheraschelminths.

答案:arthropodsThenematodesarecommonlyknownas().

答案:roundwormsKinorhynchsarefoundexclusivelyin()environments.

答案:marineThehaploidmicticeggsofsomerotifers,ifnotfertilized,developparthenogeneticallyinto().

答案:malesInrotifers,twodifferentkindsofeggsareproduced.Theseare()and()eggs.

答案:micticamicticFlukesinthesubclassDigeneaalwayshavetwoormore

答案:hostsTheepidermis（表皮）ofafluke（吸蟲）hasanouterlayer（外層）calledthe__________,whichformsasyncytium（合胞體）.

答案:tegumentTheoldestproglottidsattheendofatapewormarefilledwitheggs,andaresaidtobe

答案:gravidAsexualreproductionbyfissioninsometurbellariansresultsinachainofindividuals（個體）called__________thatlaterwillbecomeindependent（獨立的）individuals.

答案:

zooidsThefirstlarvalstageinthelifehistoryofadigeneticflukeisthe

答案:miracidiumThelarvalstageofthebeeftapewormthatencystsinskeletalmusclesiscalledthe

答案:cysticercusWhichofthefollowingisnottrueoftheturbellariangastrodermis

答案:Itcontainssmoothmusclecells__________arerodlikecellsoftheturbellarianepidermisthatswellandformaprotectivemucoussheatharoundthebody.

答案:RhabditesThe_______layerofaflukeiscomposedofcarbohydratesandproteinsandhelpsprotecttheflukefromthehost'senzymesandantibodies.

答案:glycocalyxThesimpleeyespots（眼點）seeninmostturbellariansarecalled

答案:

ocelli（單眼）Tapewormslack

答案:amouthanddigestivetractMostturbellarianspecies

答案:arefreshwaterpredatorsandscavengersBloodflukesofthegenus__________areimportanthumanparasites.

答案:SchistosomaScolex,neck,and__________comprisethethreebodyregionsofatapeworm.

答案:strobilaThefree-swimminglarvalstageofsometurbellariansiscalleda/an

答案:Muller'slarvaNemerteansdifferfromflatwormsinthattheypossess

答案:acompletedigestivetractInlargerspeciesofturbellarians（渦蟲）,thehighlybrancheddigestivecavitypartiallycompensates（補償）forthe

答案:absenceofacirculatorysystem（循環(huán)系統(tǒng)）Theholdfaststructureofatapewormiscalledthe

答案:scolexThesix-hooked(hexacanth)larvathatdevelopsfromtheeggofthebeeftapewormisthe

答案:onchosphereWhichofthefunctionslistedbelowisNOTafunctionoftheparenchymaoftheplatyhelminthes?

答案:productionofgametesThelidlikehatchonatrematodeeggiscalledthe

答案:operculumMostflukesbelongtothesubclass

答案:DigeneaThemosthighlyspecializedclassofparasiteswithinphylumPlatyhelminthesis

答案:CestoideaThelarvalstageofthebroadfishtapewormthatencystsinmuscleiscalledthe

答案:pleurocercoidThe()bodyformofacnidarianistypicallydioeciousandmotile.

答案:medusaMembersofthiscnidariansclassincludetheseaanemonesandcoral.

答案:AnthozoaMembersofthephylum()arecharacterizedbyradial(orbiradial)symmetry,diploblasticorganization,agastrovascularcavity,andcnidocytes.

答案:CnidariaTheuniqueadhesivecellsofctenophoresare().

答案:colloblastsSensorystructureslocatedin8notchesaroundthebellofjellyfishmedusaeare().

答案:rhopaliaThisgroupofanimalsdoesnotpossessembryologicaltissuelayers.

答案:poriferansWhichofthefollowingisNOTacharacteristicofanimalsinthephylumCnidaria（刺胞動物門）?

答案:bilateralsymmetryintheadultform（成體時呈雙邊對稱）The()bodyformofacnidarianistypicallyasexualandsessile.

答案:polypUntilveryrecently,thisclassofCnidarianswasincludedwithintheclassScyphozoa.

答案:StaurozoaNervecellsofanimalsinthisphylumareconsideredbymanybiologiststobethemostprimitivenervouselementsintheanimalkingdom.

答案:CnidariaMembersofclass()arethosehistoricallyusedascommercialsponges.

答案:DemospongiaeCnidarianspossessa()skeleton.

答案:fluidbasedAnintracellularstructuremadeofafluid-filledcapsuleholdingacoiled,hollowtubeisthe().

答案:nematocystThefreeswimminglarvaofcnidariansisthe().

答案:planulaCnidariansexchangerespiratorygasesandnitrogenouswastesvia().

答案:diffusionThe()cavityofcnidariansservesindigestion（消化）andasasiteforexchange（交換）ofrespiratorygases（呼吸氣體）andwastes.

答案:gastrovascular（消化循環(huán)）Ctenophores（櫛水母）moveviabandsofciliacalled().

答案:combrowsTheporocytesofasconspongesleadtotheoutsideviaopeningscalled().

答案:ostiaThe()isthesimplest,butleastcommonbodyformofsponge.

答案:ascon（單溝型）WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTbefoundinthebodyofasponge（海綿動物）?

答案:colloblastsExcretionandgasexchangeinspongesareaccomplishedby().

答案:diffusionFreshwater(andsomemarine)spongesformresistantstructureswhichfunctioninasexualreproduction,called().

答案:gemmulesContractilepinacocytesthatcanregulatewatercirculationinsomespongesarecalled().

答案:porocytesThefeedingpolypsofanObeliacolonyarecalled().

答案:gastrozooidsEggsandspermofsponges（海綿的精卵子）arecommonlyformed（形成）from().

答案:choanocytes（領細胞）Thetaxonomy（分類）ofspongesisdetermined（取決于）by(

).

答案:thematerialthatcomposes（組成）theskeleton（骨骼）Theosmoregulatoryorgansofturbellariansarecalled().

答案:protonephridia()describeshowthepartsofanorganismarearrangedaroundapointoranaxis.

答案:SymmetryTheproboscisofnemerteansisheldwithinasheathcalledthe().

答案:rhynchocoelMembersofkingdom()areeukaryotic,multicellular,andfeedbyextracellulardigestionandabsorption.

答案:FungiAcontinuousmultinucleatelayer,formedbycellfusion,iscalleda/an().

答案:syncytiumTheflamecellsystemandprotonephridiaoffreshwaterturbellariansprimarilyservetoremove()fromthebody.

答案:excesswaterThefree-swimminglarvalstageofsometurbellariansiscalleda/an().

答案:Muller'slarvaPortionsoftheperitoneumandserosathatarecontinuousandsuspendvisceralstructuresinthebodycavityarecalled().

答案:mesenteriesAheaddefineswhatpointofreference?

答案:anteriorThelarvalstageofmembersofclassMonogeneaiscalledthe().

答案:oncomiracidiumChemoreceptorsthataidinthelocationoffoodareespeciallydenseinthe()ofturbellarians.

答案:auriclesWhentheadultofadescendantspeciesresemblesthelarvalformoftheancestralspecies,thisis().

答案:paedomorphosisThesmallsubclassofflukes,(),includesthosethatareprimarilyinternalparasitesofmolluscs.

答案:AspidogastreaWhichofthefollowingisnottrueoftheturbellariangastrodermis?

答案:ItcontainssmoothmusclecellsAnimalsinthisphylaaresmallflatacoelomatewormsthatarebilaterallysymmetrical,triploblastic,anddonotcontainappendages.

答案:AcoelomorphaInlargerspeciesofturbellarians,thehighlybrancheddigestivecavitypartiallycompensatesforthe().

答案:absenceofacirculatorysystemThe()layerofaflukeiscomposedofcarbohydratesandproteinsandhelpsprotecttheflukefromthehost'senzymesandantibodies.

答案:glycocalyxThemosthighlyspecializedclassofparasiteswithinphylumPlatyhelminthesis().

答案:CestoideaNemerteansdifferfromflatwormsinthattheyhaveacompletegutanda().

答案:circulatorysystemIntheclassTrematoda,thephenomenaofproducingmanycercariaeisknownas().

答案:polyembryonyThetapewormstrobilaismadeofmanyrepeatedunitscalled().

答案:proglottidsRadiallysymmetricalorganismstypicallylackahead;thepointsofreferenceusedare:().

答案:oralandaboralThesix-hooked(hexacanth)larvathatdevelopsfromtheeggofthebeeftapewormisthe().

答案:onchosphereMostturbellarianspecies().

答案:arefreshwaterpredatorsandscavengersThesimpleeyespots（眼點）seeninmostturbellarians（渦蟲）arecalled().

答案:ocelliThestudyofthekindsoforganismsandtheevolutionaryrelationshipsamongthemis().

答案:systematicsTapeworms（絳蟲）lack().

答案:amouthanddigestivetractAcontinuousmultinucleatelayer（多核層）,formedbycellfusion（細胞融合）,iscalleda/an

答案:syncytium（合胞體）Oneproposedmechanismfortheevolutionofmulticellularityinvolvesanancestralmultinucleatecellinwhichplasmamembranesformedbetweennuclei,resultinginamulticellularorganism.Thisproposedmechanismisreferredtoasthe().

答案:syncytialThelarvalstageofthebeeftapewormthatencystsinskeletalmusclesiscalledthe().

答案:cysticercusTriploblasticorganismsthatpossessabodycavitythatisnotentirelylinedwithmesodermarecalled().

答案:pseudocoelomateMembersofkingdomAnimaliamaybedistinguishedfromkingdomPlantaebecause().

答案:animalcellslackcellwallsProtozoans

in

this

group

are

nearly

all

parasites

of

humans.

答案:ApicomplexansAprocessknownas()beginsthesexualphaseofthecoccideanlifecycle.

答案:gametogeny()occursinprotistswhenalargenumberofdaughtercellsareformedfromasingleparentcell.

答案:SchizogenyCiliateshaveadistinct"cellmouth"calleda().

答案:cytostomeA(n)()protozoanwouldpossessalobopodium.

答案:AmoebaTheprincipalnitrogenouswasteofprotozoansis().

答案:ammoniaBecauseprotistsgroups（原生生物類群）cannotbedrawnback（追溯）toasinglecommonancestor（祖先）thegroupisconsideredtobe(

).

答案:polyphyletic（多源的）Protistsarebelievedtohavearisenabout()yearsago.

答案:1.5billionEukaryoticorganismsconsistingofonlysinglecellswouldbeclassifiedintokingdom().

答案:Protista"Red-tides"arecausedby().

答案:dinoflagellatesContractilevacuoles（收縮泡）infreshwaterprotozoans（淡水原生動物）functionto().

答案:removeexcesswaterMany()aresymbioticinthedigestivetractsofruminateungulates(hoofedmammals),andaidindigestionfortheirhosts.

答案:ciliatesTheprotozoanTrypanosomabruceiisthecausalorganismofthedisease().

答案:AfricansleepingsicknessWhatkindsofcharacters（特點）aretypicallyusedindistinguishing（區(qū)分）protostomes（原口動物）fromdeuterostomes（后口動物）?

答案:developmental（發(fā)育）characters()isoneoftheopportunisticdiseasesaffectingAIDSpatientsintheUnitedStates.

答案:ToxoplasmaEgestionvacuoles（排泄泡）releasetheircontents（內容物）by(

).

答案:exocytosis（胞吐作用）Intheciliates,oneormore()serveasthegeneticreserveofthecell.

答案:micronucleiThewhitecliffsofDoverareanexampleofa/an()chalkdeposit.

答案:foraminiferanPseudopodia（偽足）thatarebroad（寬的）andareusedforlocomotion（移動）andengulfing（吞沒）foodarecalled

(

).

答案:lobopodia（葉狀偽足）ThevectorsofTrypanosomaare().

答案:tsetsefliesThemostrecentclassificationschemeputforthbytheInternationalSocietyofProtistologistsplacesprotistsintosix().

答案:supergroupsInprotists（原生生物）,bothgasexchange(交換）andexcretion（排泄）occurby(

)acrosstheplasmamembrane（質膜）.

答案:diffusion（擴散）Inaprotist（原生動物）,theportionofthecytoplasm（細胞質）thatliesjustbeneath（在....之下）theplasmamembrane(pellicle表膜)iscalledthe(

).

答案:ectoplasm（外質）Inheterotrophic（異養(yǎng)的）protists,digestionandtransportoffood（食物的消化和運輸）occursin().

答案:foodvacuoles（食物泡）Manymicrobiologistsrecentlyreclassifiedorganismsintothree().

答案:domainsWhichofthefollowingwouldnotbeagoodpracticeintheconservationofendangeredspecies?

答案:IntroducingexoticspeciesintoecosystemstoserveasenhancedfoodsourcesThestudyofbirdsisknownas(

).

答案:ornithologyThestudyofinsectsisknownas(

).

答案:entomologyPutthesetaxonomiccategoriesinorderfromtheonethatisthebroadesttotheonethatisthemostspecific:D-domain,S-species,F-family,G-genus,K-kingdom,O-order,P-phylum,C-class.

答案:DKPCOFGSSimilarcharacteristicsbetweenanimalsthataretheresultofcommonancestryarecalled().

答案:homologiesManymicrobiologistsrecentlyreclassifiedorganismsintothree(

).

答案:domainsCharlesDarwinpublishedconvincingevidenceofevolutionin(

).

答案:1859Thescienceoflifeiscalled(

).

答案:biologyThestudyofamphibiansandreptilesisknownas(

).

答案:herpetologyAtaxoncomposedofmembersthatdonotshareasinglerecentcommonancestorissaidtobe().

答案:polyphyleticTheterm()referstoanygroupoforganismsthatshareacommonsetofcharacteristicsandbearaformalscientificname.

答案:taxonThismoretraditional（傳統(tǒng)的）approachtosystematic（系統(tǒng)的）reliesontheassumption（假說）thatcloselyrelatedorganismsappearmoresimilarthandodistantlyrelatedorganisms（近親生物比遠親生物看起來相似）.

答案:evolutionarysystematics（進化系統(tǒng)）Eukaryotic,multicellular,autotrophicorganismsareclassifiedinkingdom().

答案:PlantaeThe

study

of

the

structure

and

function

of

cells

is

(

).

答案:cytologyThe

study

of

fishes

is

known

as

(

).

答案:ichthyologyThestudyofthemechanismsoftransmissionoftraitsfromparentstooffspringis

(

).

答案:geneticsTodesignateaspeciescorrectly,thebinomenincludesthe__________names.

答案:genusandspeciesWhichofthefollowingisthecorrectsequence(frombroadtospecific)ofthemajortaxonomiccategories?

答案:domain,kingdom,phylum,class,order,family,genus,speciesSealiliesandfeatherstarsbelongtotheechinodermclass().

答案:CrinoideaWhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthedevelopmentofechinoderms（棘皮動物）?

答案:ThecleavageisdeterminateTheprimarycirculatorymediuminechinoidsis().

答案:coelomicfluidRegenerationoflostpartsofaseastaralsoservesin().

答案:asexualreproductionSeadaisieshaveathinmembrane,the__________,thatdigestsandabsorbsnutrients.

答案:velumThemadreporiteinseacucumbersis().

答案:internalInseastars,the(

)surfaceisthetopoftheanimalandcontainsthemadreporite（篩板）.

答案:aboral（反口）Reproductivefemalesinasocialinsectcolonyarethe().

答案:queensTheexcretoryorgansofinsectsare().

答案:malpighiantubulesCrustaceanshave(),whicharesensorystructurestoprovideinformationregardinggravitationalorientation,movementandvibrations.

答案:statocystsThecrustaceanabdominalappendagesthatareusedforswimmingarecalled().

答案:pleopodsSensoryreceptorscalled()occurinthearthropodexoskeletonintheformofpegs,bristles,andlenses.

答案:sensillaWhichofthefollowingisnotatypeofinsectpheromone?

答案:attackMillipedesmaybecharacterizedas().

答案:scavengersanddetritivoresWhichofthefollowingphylaofanimalsarenotecdysozoan?

答案:NematomorphaThetough,leatherypolysaccharideinthearthropodprocuticleis().

答案:chitinTherearemorespeciesofinsectsinthisorderthaninanyother.

答案:ColeopteraTheclassofcrustaceanswiththelargestnumberofspeciesis().

答案:MalacostracaMillipedesbelongtothearthropodclass().

答案:DiplopodaThethreetagmataofinsectsarethe().

答案:head,thorax,andabdomen()sensephysicaldisplacementofbodyparts.

答案:MechanoreceptorsImmaturestagesofaquaticinsectswithhemimetabolousmetamorphosisarecalled().

答案:naiadsTheprimaryexcretoryproductofacrayfishis().

答案:ammoniaThelegsandwingsofinsectsareattachedtothe(

).

答案:thorax（胸部）Themembersofclass()havesoftbodieswith11segments,andarefoundintheleaflitterofforestfloors.

答案:PauropodaAmonginsects,theupperandlowerlips（唇）aresensoryandarecalledthe(

).

答案:labrumandthelabium（上唇和下唇）The180,counterclockwisetwistingofthevisceralmass,mantle,andmantlecavityofgastropodsiscalled

答案:torsionUnlikeothermolluscs,the()haveaclosedcirculatorysystem.

答案:cephalopodsTheshell-secretingorganofbivalvemollusks（雙殼軟體動物）isthe().

答案:mantle（外套）Theinnerlayerofth