壓軸題16任務(wù)型閱讀（二）（閱讀補(bǔ)全句子短文多任務(wù)混合閱讀）（原卷版）-2023年中考英語(yǔ)壓軸題專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

壓軸題16任務(wù)型閱讀（二）（閱讀補(bǔ)全句子、短文、多任務(wù)混合閱讀）題型/考向一：任務(wù)型閱讀之補(bǔ)全句子題型/考向二：任務(wù)型閱讀之補(bǔ)全短文題型/考向三:多任務(wù)混合閱讀考向1/2任務(wù)型閱讀之完成句子或表格命題趨勢(shì)：分析近3年各地市中考英語(yǔ)真題可知，完成表格型閱讀的話題通常是與日常生活息息相關(guān)，包括觀點(diǎn)建議類、介紹類、文化風(fēng)俗類、環(huán)境保護(hù)類、飲食與健康類及科普知識(shí)類。詞數(shù)為200—260詞。文章以表格形式設(shè)空，設(shè)5空。至少4道題的答案可以在文中直接找出，有1道題需要總結(jié)概括，如文章的標(biāo)題或某一段的小標(biāo)題。文體以記敘文和說(shuō)明文為主?？枷?任務(wù)型閱讀之綜合任務(wù)命題趨勢(shì)：近幾年，任務(wù)型閱讀這一新題型逐步進(jìn)入中考題。任務(wù)型閱讀主要考查學(xué)生實(shí)際運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力。它要求學(xué)生在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上完成某些任務(wù)，考查學(xué)生的判斷推理能力?！镱}型概述任務(wù)型閱讀理解是中考必考題型之一，出題形式多樣，常見題型有：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容來(lái)回答問(wèn)題、還原句子、完成表格、判斷正誤和綜合任務(wù)等?！锝忸}過(guò)程閱讀(信息輸入)→判斷、分析、概括、推理(信息加工與處理)→答題(信息輸出)?！锝忸}技巧一、明確閱讀任務(wù)。明確所給的任務(wù)，帶著任務(wù)去閱讀材料。二、讀全文，了解大意。了解文章主要內(nèi)容、文章感情基調(diào)、作者的意圖態(tài)度。三、讀細(xì)節(jié)，逐題攻克。尋找細(xì)節(jié)，從原文找答案。精讀細(xì)節(jié)，理解深層含義。四、通讀全文，仔細(xì)檢查?！锎痤}要求一、把握文章的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，以文章提供的事實(shí)和觀點(diǎn)為依據(jù)，立足原文，推斷未知。二、在答題時(shí)，總的原則就是：能簡(jiǎn)略回答，盡量簡(jiǎn)略回答。三、書寫要規(guī)范。句子開頭首字母要大寫；標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)要規(guī)范；單詞拼寫要正確無(wú)誤；單詞書寫要認(rèn)真。一、閱讀補(bǔ)全句子（2023·貴州遵義·統(tǒng)考一模）Haveyoueverforgottenwhereyoursocksarewhenyouwakeupinthemorning?Canyourememberwhatyouateforlunchaweekago?Youmaythinkthatbeingforgetfulisnotagoodthing.Butnowyoushouldbethankful.Scientistsfoundthatforgettingisactuallyakeypartoflearning.Gettingridof(去除)unnecessaryinformationcanhelpourbrainsworkbetter.Whatkindofinformationisunnecessary?Scientistssaythatthismayhavesomethingtodowiththeenvironmentyoulivein.Theenvironmentisalwayschanging,soourbrainsmayrequireustorememberless.Forexample,asupermarketsalesgirlmeetsmanypeopleeverydayandwillprobablyonlyrememberthemforashorttime.Butadesignerwhooftenmeetshisorhercustomerswillrememberlonger.That’sbecausethereisaspecialareainourbrainscalledthehippocampus(海馬體).Itplaysanimportantroleforhumansinlearningandremembering.Whennewinformationgoesintothehippocampus,itrenewsouroldmemories.Thiscouldexplainwhyyouforgetsomuchinformationwhenyouwereveryyoung.However,beingforgetfulisnotalwaysgood.Whenyoudon’thaveenoughsleep,youmayhaveahardtimerememberingnewinformation.Sleephelpsthebrainstoreandkeepinformation.1．Whethertheinformationisnecessarydependsonthe__________peoplearein.2．Thehippocampusisimportantforusto__________.3．Wecan’tclearlyremembersomethingbecausethehippocampuscan__________oldmemories.4．Ifyouareshortofsleep,itisprobably__________foryoutoremembernewinformation.5．Whatdoyouthinkofbeingforgetfulinlife?Why?___________________________________【答案】1．environment2．learnandremember3．renew4．difficult5．Idon’tthinkit’sgood.Becauseitwillmakemylifeamess.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家們對(duì)于大腦記憶的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。遺忘是正常的，除去沒用的信息，可以幫助人們更好地利用大腦工作和學(xué)習(xí)。1．根據(jù)“Scientistssaythatthismayhavesomethingtodowiththeenvironmentyoulivein.”可知，信息是否是必要的，與人們所在環(huán)境有關(guān)。故填environment。2．根據(jù)“Itplaysanimportantroleforhumansinlearningandremembering.”可知，海馬體對(duì)我們的學(xué)習(xí)和記憶很重要。故填learnandremember。3．根據(jù)“Whennewinformationgoesintothehippocampus,itrenewsouroldmemories.”可知，我們不能清楚地記住一些事情，是因?yàn)楹ｑR體可以更新舊的記憶。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can后應(yīng)接動(dòng)詞原形。故填renew。4．根據(jù)“Whenyoudon’thaveenoughsleep,youmayhaveahardtimerememberingnewinformation.”可知，如果你睡眠不足，你可能很難記住新信息。difficult“困難的”，形容詞，作表語(yǔ)。故填difficult。5．本題是一道開放性試題，答案言之有理即可，參考答案為：Idon’tthinkit’sgood.Becauseitwillmakemylifeamess.（2023·陜西渭南·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）閱讀下面的語(yǔ)篇材料，根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容，完成下列各題。Moreandmorepeople,bothyoungandold,arebeinggreenertoday.Thismeanstheyaretryingtoprotecttheenvironment.ThestudentsfromGroup1,inSunshineSchoolansweredaquestionnaire(調(diào)查表).TheaveragescoreforGroup1is8.3.Thentheymadeapiechart(餅狀圖)toshowtheresults.Score1—3Youhavenotstartedturninggreenyet!4—7Youarepalegreen.Tryharder.8—10Youaremediumgreen.Keepgoing!11—13Youarebrightgreen.Welldone!6．______________________aretryingtoprotecttheenvironment.7．ThestudentsinGroupIarefrom________________________.8．Group1showedtheirresultsbymaking__________________________.9．30%ofstudentsinGroupIare______________________green.10．Thereare______________________kindsofgreenmentionedintheresults.【答案】6．Moreandmorepeople,bothyoungandold7．SunshineSchool8．a(chǎn)piechart9．bright10．4/four【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一個(gè)關(guān)于環(huán)保的調(diào)查報(bào)告。6．根據(jù)“Moreandmorepeople,bothyoungandold,arebeinggreenertoday.”（今天，越來(lái)越多的人，無(wú)論年輕人還是老年人，都變得更加環(huán)保。）可知，越來(lái)越多的人，無(wú)論年輕人還是老年人在努力保護(hù)環(huán)境。故填Moreandmorepeople,bothyoungandold。7．根據(jù)“ThestudentsfromGroup1,inSunshineSchoolansweredaquestionnaire(調(diào)查表).”（來(lái)自陽(yáng)光學(xué)校第一組的學(xué)生回答了一份問(wèn)卷。）可知，第一組的學(xué)生來(lái)自陽(yáng)光學(xué)校。故填SunshineSchool。8．根據(jù)“Thentheymadeapiechart(餅狀圖)toshowtheresults.”（然后他們制作了一個(gè)餅圖來(lái)顯示結(jié)果。）可知第一組的學(xué)生制作了一個(gè)餅圖來(lái)顯示結(jié)果。故填apiechart。9．根據(jù)餅狀圖中的“30%brightgreen.”（30%亮綠色的。）可知，第一組30%的學(xué)生是亮綠色。故填bright。10．根據(jù)“1—3Youhavenotstartedturninggreenyet!”；“Youarepalegreen.”；“Youaremediumgreen.”及“Youarebrightgreen.”可知提到了四種綠色。故填4/four。（2023·貴州黔南·統(tǒng)考一模）TheDolphin1isakindofintelligentwaterrescue(救援)robot.Itisindependently(獨(dú)立地)developedbyYunzhouTechnology,apanyfromGuangdongProvince.TherescuerobotbecamefamousforitssuccessfulrescueofaboywhowaswashedawaybywavesinWeihai,ShangdongProvinceonAug.9,2022.TheDolphin1hasmanyadvantages.Forexample,ithashighfloatage(浮力)anditsdirectioncanbecontrolled.TheDolphin1canoverturntoadjustitspositionevenindangerouswaterconditionsbyitself.Itiseasytoremotecontrolled(遙控)withonehandandthepersonwhousesitdoesnotneedtohaveprofessionaltrainingbeforeusingit.Ifoneaccidenthappens,onlyonetotwopeoplearerequiredtooperatetherobotforrapidrescue.Sinceitwasputintouse,theDolphin1hassavedseveralpeople’slivesinZhuhai’sWanshanIslandandcoastalareasofWeihai.IthasbeenputintooperationinrescuetasksinJiangxiandHenanprovinces.Atpresent,theintelligentwaterrescuerobothasbeenwidelyusedinChinaandmorethan40countries,includingtheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Spain,Italy,andAustralia,haveintroducedtheDolphin1forrapidwaterrescueoperations.11．________fromGuangdongProvinceindependentlydevelopedthepolphin1.12．TheDolphin1________becauseitrescuedaboywashedawaybywavessuccessfully.13．Highfloatageis________oftherescuerobotmentionedinParagraph2.14．TheDolphin1hasbeenappliedin________inJiangxiandHenanprovinces.15．FromthelastparagraphweknowthattheDolphin1________bothathomeandabroad.【答案】11．YunzhouTechnology12．becamefamous13．oneadvantage14．rescuetasks15．hasbeenwidelyused【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了水中救援機(jī)器人——海豚一號(hào)的一些情況，包括它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)以及使用情況。11．根據(jù)“TheDolphin1isakindofintelligentwaterrescue(救援)robot.Itisindependently(獨(dú)立地)developedbyYunzhouTechnology,apanyfromGuangdongProvince.”可知，海豚一號(hào)由廣東省云洲科技公司研發(fā)，故填YunzhouTechnology。12．根據(jù)“TherescuerobotbecamefamousforitssuccessfulrescueofaboywhowaswashedawaybywavesinWeihai,ShangdongProvinceonAug.9,2022.”可知，海豚一號(hào)因在2022年8月9日成功救出一名在山東威海被海浪沖走的男孩而聞名，故填becamefamous。13．根據(jù)“TheDolphin1hasmanyadvantages.Forexample,ithashighfloatage(浮力)”可知，高漂浮度是第2段提到的救援機(jī)器人的一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故填oneadvantage。14．根據(jù)“IthasbeenputintooperationinrescuetasksinJiangxiandHenanprovinces.”可知，海豚1號(hào)已經(jīng)在江西省和河南省的救援任務(wù)中得到應(yīng)用，故填rescuetasks。15．根據(jù)“Atpresent,theintelligentwaterrescuerobothasbeenwidelyusedinChinaandmorethan40countries,includingtheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Spain,Italy,andAustralia,haveintroducedtheDolphin1forrapidwaterrescueoperations.”可知，從最后一段我們知道海豚1號(hào)在國(guó)內(nèi)外都得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用，故填hasbeenwidelyused。（2023·江蘇淮安·統(tǒng)考一模）Formiddleandprimaryschoolstudents,beingabletocookhasbeeamust.Theyalsoneedlearnhowtoplantvegetables,raisepoultry(家禽)andmaintainhomeappliances(修理家電)undernewrequirementsforlabor(勞動(dòng))education.TheMinistryofEducation(MOE)broughtoutanewstandardforlaboreducationinschoolslastyear.Startingfromthe2022autumnterm,studentsatprimaryandmiddleschoolswilltakecoursesinlaborskillsonceaweek.Schoolteachers,socialvolunteersandparentsarealltheirlabourteachers.Ofcourse,studentscanalsoteachthemselves.Thenewstandardshasthreetypesoflabortasks.Thefirstisforthingslikeeverydaychores(瑣事),includingcleaning,organizing,cooking,andusingandmaintaininghomeappliances.Nextisproductivelabor,includingagriculture,makingtraditionalhandicrafts(手工),andapplyingnewtechnologiessuchas3Dprintingandlasercutting(激光切割).Thethirdtypeisservicework,whichincludesvolunteerwork.SchoolsinChinahavetraditionallypaidmoreattentiontostudying,andmanyhavebeenhouseholdchoresasawasteofchildren’stime.ButaccordingtotheMOE,laboreducationmustbebuiltuptohelpstudentshavesocialvaluesanddevelopaninterestinlabor.LiuFang,amotherof6yearoldtwinsinBeijing,stronglysupportslaboreducationforthepastyear,shehastrainedherdaughterstodohouseholdchoresandmakesimpledishesforthefamily.Throughsucheducation,Liusaidhertwinshavefoundfunindoingchoresandaremoreindependent(獨(dú)立的).根據(jù)上面短文內(nèi)容填空。16．Accordingtonewrequirementsforlaboreducation,middleandprimaryschoolstudentsmustbe________.Itisalso________forthemtolearnhowtoplantvegetables,raisepoultryandmaintainhomeappliances.17．Coursesinlaborskillswill________onceaweekbythestudentsatprimaryandmiddleschools.Schoolteachers,socialvolunteersandparentsarealltheirlabourteachersandthestudentscanalsolearnthelaborskillson________.18．Thenewstandardshasthreetypesof________.Productivelabor,includingagriculture,makingtraditionalhandicraftsandapplyingnewtechnologiesisthe________type.19．SchoolsinChinahavepaid________tolaboreducation.Thepurposeoflaboreducationistohelpstudentshavesocialvaluesandmakestudents________inlabor.20．LiuFanghastrainedhertwindaughtersnotonlytodohouseholdchores________tomakesimpledishes.Asaresult,thetwinsaremoreindependentnow________theyareonly6yearsold.【答案】16．a(chǎn)bletocooknecessary17．betakentheirown18．labortaskssecond19．lessattentioninterested/haveaninterest20．but(also)though/although【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了從2022年秋季學(xué)期開始，學(xué)生必須參加勞動(dòng)技能課程，以及勞動(dòng)教育的目的。16．根據(jù)“Formiddleandprimaryschoolstudents,beingabletocookhasbeeamust.”可知，中小學(xué)生會(huì)做飯是必須的，表示能夠“beableto”，“做飯”是“cook”，結(jié)合短文及題干，故①填abletocook；根據(jù)“Theyalsoneedlearnhowtoplantvegetables,raisepoultry(家禽)andmaintainhomeappliances(修理家電)undernewrequirementsforlabor(勞動(dòng))education.”可知，新規(guī)下，學(xué)生是需要學(xué)會(huì)種蔬菜等，②空符合“itis+adj+forsb.todosth.”的句型，可知這里填“需要”的形容詞，故②填necessary。故填abletocook；necessary。17．根據(jù)“Startingfromthe2022autumnterm,studentsatprimaryandmiddleschoolswilltakecoursesinlaborskillsonceaweek.”可知，勞動(dòng)課一周上一次。①空主語(yǔ)是courses，和謂語(yǔ)take是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而will是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后接動(dòng)詞原形，故①填betaken；根據(jù)“Schoolteachers,socialvolunteersandparentsarealltheirlabourteachers.Ofcourse,studentscanalsoteachthemselves.”可知，學(xué)生可以自己教自己，即自學(xué)，其表達(dá)為“l(fā)earnsth.onone’sown”，結(jié)合題干，②填theirown。故填betaken；theirown。18．根據(jù)“Thenewstandardshasthreetypesoflabortasks.”可知，有3種勞動(dòng)課，原文復(fù)現(xiàn)，故①填labortasks；根據(jù)“Nextisproductivelabor,includingagriculture,makingtraditionalhandicrafts(手工),andapplyingnewtechnologiessuchas3Dprintingandlasercutting(激光切割).”可知，生產(chǎn)性勞動(dòng)是第二種，②空前有定冠詞the，“第二”用“second”，故②填second。故填labortasks；second。19．根據(jù)“SchoolsinChinahavetraditionallypaidmoreattentiontostudying,andmanyhavebeenhouseholdchoresasawasteofchildren’stime.”可知，中國(guó)學(xué)校一直更關(guān)注學(xué)習(xí)，認(rèn)為家務(wù)浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。因此是更少關(guān)注勞動(dòng)教育。故①填lessattention；根據(jù)“ButaccordingtotheMOE,laboreducationmustbebuiltuptohelpstudentshavesocialvaluesanddevelopaninterestinlabor.”可知，勞動(dòng)課的目的是讓學(xué)生對(duì)勞動(dòng)感興趣。這里可用“makesb.+adj.”，也可以用“makesb.dosth.”的結(jié)構(gòu)，“興趣”是“interest”，故②填interested/haveaninterest。故填lessattention；interested/haveaninterest。20．根據(jù)“shehastrainedherdaughterstodohouseholdchoresandmakesimpledishesforthefamily.”可知，這位媽媽讓女兒做兩種家務(wù)，是并列關(guān)系，結(jié)合題干，可知這里考查“notonly...butalso”表“不僅……而且……”的表達(dá)，其中also可以省略，故①填but(also)；根據(jù)“Throughsucheducation,Liusaidhertwinshavefoundfunindoingchoresandaremoreindependent”可知，她的女兒現(xiàn)在很獨(dú)立盡管年紀(jì)很小，是讓步關(guān)系。故②填though/although。故填but(also)；though/although。（2023·天津·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）TheSpanishflu(流感)alsoknownasthe1918Mupandemic(流行病)wasadeadlypandemicinrecenthistory.Itspreadworldwideduringtheyear1918—1919.Thevirusinfected(感染)500millionpeopleaboutathirdoftheworld’spopulationatthetime.TheoutbreakoftheSpanishfluwascausedbyanH1N1viruswithgenesofavian(禽類)origin.HistoriansnowbelievethatWorldWarIcouldhavebeenpartlyresponsibleforspreadingthevirus.Lackofhygiene(衛(wèi)生)andmalnourishment(營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良)mayhavealsobeenresponsibleforweakeningtheimmunesystem.Therehasn’tbeenanyagreementamongscientistsabouttheorigin(起因)ofthevirus.The1918fluwasfirstobservedinEurope,theUnitedStates,andpartsofAsiabeforeswiftlyspreadingaroundtheworld.ItisbelievedthatsocialmediawasthemainreasonwhythispandemicwascalledtheSpanishflu.Tokeepmorale(斗志),WorldWarIcensors(審查官)reducedearlyreportsofillnessanddeathrateinGermany,theUnitedKingdom,France,andtheUnitedStates.However,becauseSpainwasn’tatwarwithanycountry,newspaperswerefreetoreporttheepidemic’s(疫情)effectsinSpain,suchastheseriousillnessofKingAlfonsoXIII.ThesestoriescreatedafalseimpressionofSpainasespeciallyhardhit.Thisgaverisetothename“Spanishflu”.In2015,nearlyacenturyaftertheSpanishfluhit,theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)calledonpeopletofollowbestpracticesinnamingnewhumaninfectious(傳染性的)diseasestoreduceunnecessarynegativeeffectsonnations,economies,andpeople.Unlikemostinfluenzaoutbreaks(流感爆發(fā))thatlargelykilltheveryyoungandtheveryold,withahighersurvivalrateforthoseinbetween,theSpanishflupandemicresultedinahigherthanexpecteddeathrateforyoungadults.Thedeathwasestimatedtobeatleast50millionworldwide,possiblyashighas100million,makingitoneofthemostseriouspandemicsinhumanhistory.21．TheSpanishflualso____________the1918MuPandemic.Duringtheyear1918—1919,athirdoftheworld’spopulation____________bythevirus.22．Theflu_____________byanH1N1viruswithgenesofavian(禽類)origin.However,scientists____________ontheoriginofthevirus.23．____________ofthepandemic(流行病)beingcalledtheSpanishfluwassocialmedia.Spainwasn’tatwarwithanycountry.____________,itwasfreefornewspaperstoreporttheepidemic’s(疫情)effectsinSpain.24．Toreduce____________onnations,economiesandpeople,theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)calledonpeople____________bestpracticesinnamingnewhumaninfectious(傳染性的)diseases.25．TheSpanishfluunlikemostinfluenzaoutbreaks(流感爆發(fā))killed____________.Thedeathwas50millionormoreanditmadetheSpanishflu____________inhumanhistory.【答案】21．knownaswasinfected22．wascausedhaven’tagreed23．ReasonTherefore24．unnecessarynegativeeffectstofollow25．theveryyoungandtheveryoldoneofthemostseriouspandemics【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了西班牙流感。21．根據(jù)“TheSpanishflu(流感)alsoknownasthe1918Mupandemic(流行病)wasadeadlypandemicinrecenthistory”可知西班牙流感也被稱為1918年Mu大流行病。knownas“被稱為”；根據(jù)“Thevirusinfected

500millionpeopleaboutathirdoftheworld’spopulationatthetime.”可知在1918年至1919年期間，世界三分之一的人口感染了這種病毒。infect“感染”，動(dòng)詞，此處是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，句子是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用was，應(yīng)填wasinfected。故填knownas；wasinfected。22．根據(jù)“TheoutbreakoftheSpanishfluwascausedbyanH1N1viruswithgenesofavian(禽類)origin”可知西班牙流感的爆發(fā)是由一種攜帶禽源基因的H1N1病毒引起的，wascaused“被導(dǎo)致”符合語(yǔ)境；根據(jù)“Therehasn’tbeenanyagreementamongscientistsabouttheorigin(起因)ofthevirus”可知科學(xué)家們對(duì)這種病毒的起源還沒有達(dá)成任何一致意見。agreeon“對(duì)……取得一致意見”，此處是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用have。故填wascaused；haven’tagreed。23．根據(jù)“ItisbelievedthatsocialmediawasthemainreasonwhythispandemicwascalledtheSpanishflu.”可知社交媒體是這場(chǎng)疫情被稱為西班牙流感的主要原因。reasonof“……的原因”，根據(jù)was可知，名詞用單數(shù)。根據(jù)“However,becauseSpainwasn’tatwarwithanycountry,newspaperswerefreetoreporttheepidemic’seffectsinSpain”可知，西班牙沒有與任何國(guó)家交戰(zhàn)。因此，報(bào)紙可以自由報(bào)道疫情在西班牙的影響。therefore“因此”符合語(yǔ)境。故填Reason；Therefore。24．根據(jù)“In2015,nearlyacenturyaftertheSpanishfluhit,theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)calledonpeopletofollowbestpracticesinnamingnewhumaninfectious(傳染性的)diseasestoreduceunnecessarynegativeeffectsonnations,economies,andpeople.”可知，為了減少對(duì)國(guó)家、經(jīng)濟(jì)和人民的不必要的負(fù)面影響，世界衛(wèi)生組織呼吁人們?cè)诿碌娜祟悅魅静r(shí)采用最佳做法。unnecessarynegativeeffects“不必要的負(fù)面影響”符合語(yǔ)境；第二空應(yīng)填“tofollow”。故填unnecessarynegativeeffects；tofollow。25．根據(jù)“Unlikemostinfluenzaoutbreaks(流感爆發(fā))thatlargelykilltheveryyoungandtheveryold,withahighersurvivalrateforthoseinbetween,theSpanishflupandemicresultedinahigherthanexpecteddeathrateforyoungadults.”可知西班牙流感不像大多數(shù)流感爆發(fā)會(huì)導(dǎo)致非常年輕和非常年老的人死亡。第一空應(yīng)填“theveryyoungandtheveryold”；根據(jù)“Thedeathwasestimatedtobeatleast50millionworldwide,possiblyashighas100million,makingitoneofthemostseriouspandemicsinhumanhistory.”可知，死亡人數(shù)超過(guò)5000萬(wàn)，這使西班牙流感成為人類歷史上最嚴(yán)重的流行病之一。第二空應(yīng)填oneofthemostseriouspandemics。故填theveryyoungandtheveryold；oneofthemostseriouspandemics。二、閱讀補(bǔ)全短文（2023·山西·校聯(lián)考一模）請(qǐng)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)語(yǔ)篇內(nèi)容，在方框內(nèi)的縮寫文章中，填入與短文意思最符合的單詞，每空一詞。Doyoulikewritingbyhandorwithakeyboard(鍵盤)?Anewbrainresearch,ledbyresearchersinauniversity,showsthatchoosinghandwritinginsteadofusingakeyboardresultsinbetterlearningandmemory.“Whenyouwriteyourshoppinglistorclassnotesbyhand,youcaneasilyrememberwhatyouwrote,”saidAudreyvanderMeer,whodidthestudy.12younggrownupsand12childrentookpartinthestudy.Theresultsshowedthatthebrainismuchmoreactivewhenwritingbyhandthanwhenusingakeyboard.AccordingtoAudreyvanderMeer,plentyofsensesbeeactivebyholdingapenandpushingitdownonpaper,seeingtheletterswrittenandhearingthesound.Theseconnectdifferentpartsofthebrain,openingthebrainupforlearning.AudreyvanderMeerbelievesthattheresultsshowtheimportanceofaskingchildrentodrawandwriteatanearlyage,especiallyatschool.“Learningtowritebyhandisabitslowercourse,butit’simportantforchildrentoexperiencethetiringstepoflearningtowritebyhand,”shesaid.Asteenagers,youcanuseakeyboardtowriteanarticle,butyoucouldtakenotesbyhandduringaclass.Recently,someyoungpeopleandkidstookpartinanewbrainresearch.Thestudyshowsthathandwritinghelpspeopledo____26____inlearningandmemorizing.paredwithusingakeyboard,takingnotesbyhandcanhelppeoplerememberwhattheywrote____27____.That’sbecausethebrainbeesmore____28____whenpeoplearewritingwiththeirhands.Atthesametime,manysenses____29____differentpartsofthebrainandopenthebrainupforlearning.Sotheexpertbelievesthataskingyoungchildrentodrawandwriteatschoolisof____30____.Teenagersaresupposedtowritebyhandmoreoften.【答案】26．better27．easily28．a(chǎn)ctive29．connect30．importance【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)科學(xué)研究，研究顯示手寫比打字更有助于學(xué)習(xí)和記憶力。26．句意：研究表明，手寫有助于人們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)和記憶方面做得更好。根據(jù)“Anewbrainresearch,ledbyresearchersinauniversity,showsthatchoosinghandwritinginsteadofusingakeyboardresultsinbetterlearningandmemory.”可知手寫能使人在學(xué)習(xí)和記憶力方面做得更好。故填better。27．句意：與使用鍵盤相比，手寫筆記可以幫助人們輕松記住自己寫的內(nèi)容。根據(jù)“Whenyouwriteyourshoppinglistorclassnotesbyhand,youcaneasilyrememberwhatyouwrote”可知手寫使人很容易記住寫的內(nèi)容。故填easily。28．句意：這是因?yàn)楫?dāng)人們用手寫字時(shí)，大腦會(huì)變得更加活躍。根據(jù)“Theresultsshowedthatthebrainismuchmoreactivewhenwritingbyhandthanwhenusingakeyboard.”可知手寫時(shí)大腦更活躍。故填active。29．句意：同時(shí)，許多感官將大腦的不同部分連接起來(lái)，打開大腦進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)“Theseconnectdifferentpartsofthebrain,openingthebrainupforlearning.”可知是連接大腦的不同部分。故填connect。30．句意：因此，這位專家認(rèn)為，讓年幼的孩子在學(xué)校畫畫和寫字很重要。根據(jù)“butit’simportantforchildrentoexperiencethetiringstepoflearningtowritebyhand”可知對(duì)孩子們來(lái)說(shuō)鞋子很重要，beofimportance“很重要”。故填importance。（2023·山西晉城·校聯(lián)考一模）請(qǐng)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)語(yǔ)篇內(nèi)容，在方框內(nèi)的縮寫文章中，填入與短文意思最符合的單詞，并將答案寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。每空一詞。Nowadayssomepeoplehavethemisunderstandingaboutyoungpeopleaged15to21.Butaninternationalsurveydonein2016helpedpeoplegetabetterideaoftheseyoungpeople.Accordingtothesurvey,youngpeopleinChinaandIndiahaveagreatersenseofhopeaboutthefuture,paredwiththoselivinginEurope,NorthAmericaandAustralia.ThesurveywascarriedoutbytheVarkeyFoundation,aUKbasednonprofit(非盈利)organization.Itsurveyed20,000youngpeoplewhowerebornbetween1995and2001in20countries.Theywereaskedquestionsabouttheirhopes,dreams,personalviewsandmunityvalues.Itwasfoundthat53percentofthosequestionedinChinathoughttheworldwasbeingabetterplace—thehighestpercentageamongthecountriessurveyed.93percentofthemalsofelthopefulforthefuturebecauseofthedevelopmentoftechnology,suchasinmedicine,renewableenergyandputing.Opposite,youngpeopleinFrance,ItalyandTurkeyhadthemostnegative(消極的)outlookonthefuture,withfearsabouttheriseofglobalterrorism.AsforyoungpeopleinChina,whattheyfearmostistheinfluenceofclimatechange—82percentofthosewhorepliedtothesurveysaidso.ItwasencouragingthatyoungpeopleinChinawereawarehowserioustheproblemofclimatechangeis.Thisissurelyahopefuldevelopment.TheyoungpeopleofChinapaidmoreattentiontotheseriousnessoftheclimatechange.Thesurveyshowedasenseofoptimism(樂觀主義)amongtheseyoungpeople.Theyaremorelikelytotravelaroundtheworldandbuildfriendshipsinothercountriesthantheirgrandparentsandparents.Theyarepreparedtoworktogetherforasharedfuture.Accordingtoaninternationalsurveyin2016,youngpeopleinChinaandIndiaaremore____31____forthefuturethanthoseinEurope,NorthAmericaandAustralia.Theyinterviewed20,000youngpeople____32____werebornbetween1995and2001in20countriesabouttheirhopes,dreams,personalviewsandmunityvalues.Morethan____33____oftheChineseyoungpeoplethoughttheworldwasbeingabetterplace,andalmostallofthemhaveagreaterhopeforthefuturebecauseoftechnology.____34____withChineseyoungpeople,theyouthinFrance,ItalyandTurkeywerenotsohopefulforthefuturebecauseoffearsabouttheriseofglobalterrorism.And82%ofChineseyoungpeopletaketheproblemofclimatechange____35____.Youngpeopletodayaremorelikelytotravelaroundtheworldandmakefriendswithpeopleinothercountries.Theyarewillingtoworkforasharedfuture.【答案】31．hopeful32．who33．half34．pared35．seriously【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了通過(guò)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，相比其他國(guó)家的年輕人，中國(guó)的年輕人對(duì)未來(lái)更加充滿希望。31．根據(jù)第二段“Accordingtothesurvey,youngpeopleinChinaandIndiahaveagreatersenseofhopeaboutthefuture,paredwiththoselivinginEurope,NorthAmericaandAustralia.”可知，調(diào)查顯示，與歐洲、北美和澳大利亞的年輕人相比，中國(guó)和印度的年輕人對(duì)未來(lái)更有希望?！癶aveagreatersenseofhope”可以轉(zhuǎn)化為“bemorehopeful（更有希望）”，故填hopeful。32．根據(jù)第三段“Itsurveyed20,000youngpeoplewhowerebornbetween1995and2001in20countries.”可知，它調(diào)查了20個(gè)國(guó)家1995年至2001年間出生的20000名年輕人。故填who。33．根據(jù)第四段“Itwasfoundthat53percentofthosequestionedinChinathoughttheworldwasbeingabetterplace”可知，調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，53%的中國(guó)受訪者認(rèn)為世界正在變得更美好。“53percentof”轉(zhuǎn)化成“morethanhalfof（超過(guò)一半）”，故填half。34．根據(jù)第五段“Opposite,youngpeopleinFrance,ItalyandTurkeyhadthemostnegativeoutlookonthefuture,withfearsabouttheriseofglobalterrorism.”可知，與中國(guó)年輕人相比，法國(guó)、意大利和土耳其的年輕人對(duì)未來(lái)沒有那么大的希望，“與……相比”paredwith，置于句首，過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填pared。35．根據(jù)第六段“AsforyoungpeopleinChina,whattheyfearmostistheinfluenceofclimatechange—82percentofthosewhorepliedtothesurveysaidso.ItwasencouragingthatyoungpeopleinChinawereawarehowserioustheproblemofclimatechangeis.”可知，82%的中國(guó)年輕人認(rèn)真對(duì)待氣候變化問(wèn)題，take...seriously“認(rèn)真對(duì)待”，故填seriously。（2023·山西晉中·統(tǒng)考一模）請(qǐng)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在方框內(nèi)的縮寫文章中，填入與短文意思最符合的單詞，每空一詞。Haveyoueverforgottenwhereyoursocksarewhenyouwakeupinthemorning?Canyourememberwhatyouateforlunchaweekago?Youmaythinkthatbeingforgetfulisnotagoodthing.Butnowyoushouldbethankful.ScientistsfromtheUniversityofTorontofoundthatforgettingisactuallyakeypartoflearning.Rememberingallthethingsisnotalwayseasy.Forgettingunnecessaryinformationcanhelpourbrainsworkbetter.Whatkindofinformationisunnecessary?Scientistssaythatthismayhavesomethingtodowiththeenvironmentwelivein.Ourbrainsmayrequireustorememberlessintheenvironmentwhichchangesquickly.Forexample,asupermarketworkermeetsmanypeopleeverydayandwillprobablyonlyrememberthemforashorttime.Butadesignerwhooftenmeetssomecertainpeoplewillrememberlonger.That’sbecauseourbrainskeepmakingnewneurons(神經(jīng)元)fromstemcells(干細(xì)胞),saidPaulFrankland,aprofessorattheUniversityofToronto.Thereisaspecialareainourbrainscalledthehippocampus(海體).Itisimportantforustolearnandremember.Whennewneuronsgointothehippocampus,theyrenewouroldmemories.Thiscouldexplainwhyyouforgetsomuchinformationaboutthetimewhenyouwereveryyoung.However,beingforgetfulisnotalwaysgood.Whenyoudon’thaveenoughsleep,youmayhaveahardtimerememberingnewinformation.Sleephelpsthebrainstoreandkeepnewfactsandinformation.Beingforgetfulisnotalwaysabadthing.Insteaditisakeypartoflearning.Wecannotrememberallthethings____36____.Forgettingsomeunnecessaryinformationcanhelpourbrainsworkbetter.Thingswedon’tneedtorememberisrelatedto(與……有關(guān))the____37____welivein.Ourbrainsneedustorememberlesswhenthingsaroundalways____38____.Forexample,asupermarketworkeronlyrememberssomecertainpeopleforashorttimewhileadesignerwillrememberlonger.Hippocampusis____39____inourbrainswhichisimportantforustolearnandremember.Newneuronsrenewouroldmemories____40____theygointothehippocampus.However,beingforgetfulisnotalwaysgood.Youneedtosleepenough!【答案】36．easily37．environment38．change39．special40．when【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了其實(shí)遺忘也是一件好事，文章具體介紹了原因。36．根據(jù)“ScientistsfromtheUniversityofTorontofoundthatforgettingisactuallyakeypartoflearning.Rememberingallthethingsisnotalwayseasy.”可知遺忘實(shí)際上是學(xué)習(xí)的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵部分，我們不可能輕易記住所有的東西。easily“容易地”，副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，故填easily。37．根據(jù)“Whatkindofinformationisunnecessary?Scientistssaythatthismayhavesomethingtodowiththeenvironmentwelivein.”可知我們不需要記住的東西與我們所生活的環(huán)境有關(guān)。environment“環(huán)境”，名詞，故填environment。38．根據(jù)“Ourbrainsmayrequireustorememberlessintheenvironmentwhichchangesquickly.”可知我們的大腦可能需要我們?cè)诳焖僮兓沫h(huán)境中減少記憶。change“改變”，動(dòng)詞，句子是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用原形，故填chan