查補(bǔ)易混易錯(cuò)17完形填空說明文2022年中考三輪沖刺（原卷版）

查補(bǔ)易混易錯(cuò)17完形填空（二）說明文解讀考點(diǎn)考向解讀考點(diǎn)考向=1\*GB2⑴說明文是以說明為主要表達(dá)方式，用來說明事物、闡明事理的一種文體。它通過揭示概念來說明事物的特征、本質(zhì)及其規(guī)律性，給人準(zhǔn)確的科學(xué)知識(shí)或傳遞某種思想。辨析詞義，以實(shí)詞為主，且第一局不設(shè)空，生詞量有增無減，長(zhǎng)句增加，句式靈活，結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜。=2\*GB2⑵命題趨勢(shì)：中考完形填空拋棄了傳統(tǒng)的語法知識(shí)型”命題模式轉(zhuǎn)變成，情境能力型”的命題趨勢(shì)。它的一個(gè)顯著特點(diǎn)就是實(shí)出語篇，即重在文意的干擾，把具體的語言知識(shí)融進(jìn)具體的語言情境中去，考查學(xué)生通過上下文對(duì)整體文意進(jìn)行把握的能力。中考五星高頻考點(diǎn)，題目難度中等偏上，在全國(guó)各地中考試卷選填題中有考查。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1：在沒有把握文章大意的情況下，急著為每一個(gè)空白處選答案。說明文往往生詞較多，題材又比較廣泛，所以閱讀時(shí)，首先要掌握文章大意。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)02：沒有弄清說明順序想當(dāng)然地直接選答案。因此選定答案前應(yīng)弄清楚說明的順序，從而準(zhǔn)確把握文章的脈絡(luò)，加強(qiáng)對(duì)文章的理解，從而選出正確的答案。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)03在沒有厘清事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)的情況下選答案。說明性文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表達(dá)清楚的、邏輯比較嚴(yán)密的短文。因此我們做題時(shí)，一定仔細(xì)研讀文章，特別時(shí)開頭和結(jié)尾，從主題句入手，找出支持句，然后尋找文章的結(jié)論，從而進(jìn)一步敲定選項(xiàng)。2021˙真題演練（2021·安徽中考真題）Itisabasicabilityforhumanstotellmorefromless.Surprisingly,anumberofanimals11thisabilitytoo.Theywill12moreofsomething.Horses,forexample,willgoforagroupofthreeapplesinsteadoftwoapples.Thisabilityis13toanimalsinlotsofways.Ithelpsthem14thelargergroupoffriends.Manyfishes,forexample,joingroupsfor15.Ifapredator(掠食動(dòng)物)es,afishinagroupof40islesspossibletobeelunchthanafishinagroupof10.Soifafishhasachoicebetweentwogroups,it’ssafertojointhe16one.Asenseofnumberevenhelpskeepthe17.Forexample,amonkeygroupwillavoidfightswithothergroupswhentheyfindtheir18isnotanadvantage.Also,theabilitytodosimple19isasurethingforsomeanimals.They20thedifferencebetweenone,two,andthree.Someotherscancountmuchhigherthanthree.11．A．have B．miss C．doubt D．hate12．A．grow B．cook C．pick D．leave13．A．fresh B．useful C．correct D．direct14．A．hide B．beat C．push D．find15．A．safety B．holiday C．discussion D．exercise16．A．faster B．larger C．busier D．quieter17．A．secret B．interest C．peace D．record18．A．a(chǎn)ge B．number C．time D．speed19．A．counting B．jumping C．dancing D．swimming20．A．mix B．like C．a(chǎn)sk D．know（2021·廣西貴港市·中考真題）Doyouliketodrinkhotwater?pared1peopleinmostothercountries,Chinesepeopleespeciallyliketodrinkwarmwater.Doyouknowwhy?Intheolddays,peopledrankwaterfromthe2.Thebacteria(細(xì)菌)initcouldmakethem3.Ancientpeoplearoundtheworlduseddifferent4tokillthebacteriainthewater.FortheChinese,theythoughtdrinkingboiledwaterwastheeasiestwaytoprotect5fromtheharmfulbacteria.What’smore,intraditionalChinese6,“yin”and“yang”meancoldandhotenergy.Itwasbelievedthatthepowerofyourbody7“yang”.Anddrinkinghotwatercouldnourish(滋養(yǎng))the“yang”energy.That’s8traditionalChinesedoctorsalwayssuggestpeopleshouldnotdrinkcoldwater.Besidesthis,beforepeopleinnorthernChinahadcentralheating(中央供暖),itwashardforthem9thecoldinwinter.Drinkinghotwaterhelpedthemkeepwarm.Anotherreasonisthatsincetheearly20thcentury,theChinesegovernmenthas10peopletodrinkmorewarmwater.IthasalsohelpedtheChinesetoformthisspecialhabit.1．A．a(chǎn)t B．with C．of D．in2．A．river B．desert C．moon D．fridge3．A．healthy B．strong C．clever D．sick4．A．ways B．tasks C．tools D．objects5．A．ourselves B．himself C．themselves D．yourselves6．A．medicine B．a(chǎn)rt C．music D．manner7．A．cutoff B．tookoff C．learntfrom D．camefrom8．A．how B．why C．which D．what9．A．prevent B．preventing C．toprevent D．prevented10．A．a(chǎn)llowed B．planned C．warned D．encouraged（2021·湖南張家界市·中考真題）Whatmakesusill?Itisthegerms（細(xì)菌）.18areeverywhere.Thearevery19.Youcan’tfindthemwithyoureyes,butyoucanseethem20amicroscope（顯微鏡）.Therecouldbehundredsofthemonaverysmallthing.Germsarealwaysfoundin21water.Whenwelookatdirtywaterunderthemicroscope,weshallsee22.Soyourfatherandmotherwillnotletyoudrinkdirtywater.Germsarefoundnotonlyin23.Theyarefound24inairanddust（灰塵）.Whenyou25yourfinger,ifsomedustfromthefloorgoesintothecut,somegermswouldgointoyourfinger.Thenyouwillhavemuchpaininit.Sometimesgermswouldgointoallofyourbody,andyouwouldhavepaineverywhere.18．A．Germs B．Books C．Gardens19．A．big B．small C．long20．A．with B．to C．of21．A．clean B．tidy C．dirty22．A．them B．him C．they23．A．food B．drink C．water24．A．neither B．a(chǎn)lso C．too25．A．cut B．check C．make（2021·四川涼山彝族自治州·中考真題）WeletoSunshineMusicClub!Wehavemanyexcellent26.Mrs.Millercanplaytheguitar,thedrums,thepianoandtheviolin.Andsheisvery27becausesheisgoodwithkids.DoyouknowMissGreen?Sheisalsoinourclub.Shecanplaytheguitar28.Sheoftenhelpschildrenlearntoplaytheguitar.Doyoulikeher?Pleaseeandwatchhergreatshow.Doyouwanttolearnaboutmusic?Pleaseeandjoin29.Wecanhelpyou.Ourtelephonenumberis08343234683.Our30addressis2134657832@qq.26．A．dancers B．magicians C．painters D．musicians27．A．strict B．friendly C．popular D．kind28．A．beautifully B．badly C．carelessly D．unfortably29．A．her B．us C．you D．him30．A．ID B．home C．club D．email（2021·湖南邵陽市·中考真題）XingChenxiisabeautifulgirlfromWuxi,JiangsuProvince.Bornin1993,sheusedtoliveahappylife.31,thingschangedwhenshewaseightyearsold.Shebegantofallwhilewalking,andshegotaseriousillness.Havingthedisease32hermuscles(肌肉),includingherheartandmusclesthatcontrolbreathing,willgetweakerandweaker.Andtherewasno33forit.In2018,walkingbecame34forher.In2019,shestartedtohavedifficultystanding.LastFebruary,herdiseasebecameworseandshehadtowearaventilator(呼吸機(jī))foratleast15hoursadaytohelpher35.ButXiangnever36.“Myparents’lovesupportsmetoliveeverydaytothefullest,”Xiangsaid,addingthatshehadtakenup37.“AlthoughmostpartsofmybodycannotmoveandIhavetowearaventilator,Icantakegoodcareofmyself.”Xiangsaid.Thedollshelphernotonlymakealiving,butalsofacelife38.39makingadollmaytakehermonths,Xiangthinkssheisluckytobeabletodowhatsheloves.What’smore,shewantstobringgoodlucktoothers.Lastyear,shebeganteachingdollmakingcourseonline.Itcostsabout300yuantomastertheskill.Sofar,morethan26040havegleamedfromher.Everydayshesitsinfrontofherdesk,offeringdollmakingclasses.Itgivesheranewstartonlife.31．A．However B．Luckily C．Besides32．A．makes B．forces C．means33．A．food B．medicine C．a(chǎn)dvice34．A．easy B．convenient C．impossible35．A．walk B．breathe C．stand36．A．gaveup B．helpedout C．caredabout37．A．papercutting B．letterwriting C．dollmaking38．A．bravely B．carefully C．easily39．A．If B．Though C．As40．A．students B．friends C．classmates（2021·四川宜賓市·中考真題）Pressureisaseriousproblemintoday’sworld.Some41areundertoomuchpressure.Theycan’t42wellwiththeirclassmates,whileothersmayworryabouttheirexams.I’malwaysunderpressure,43.Myparentswantmetobethetopstudentinclass,sotheysendmetoallkindsofafterschoolclassesatweekends.LastMondayevening,Ihadatalkwithmymother.ItoldherIwasnotlazy.Ireallyfelttired,Ineededtimeto44.Mymotheragreedwithmeatlast.SoIthinkaconversationwithparentsis45tosolvetheproblem.41．A．parents B．teachers C．headmasters D．students42．A．geton B．turndown C．putup D．thinkover43．A．yet B．a(chǎn)gain C．too D．either44．A．read B．write C．study D．relax45．A．useless B．necessary C．impossible D．interesting（2021·貴州銅仁市·中考真題）WhatdoyouknowaboutMars?Whatdoesitlooklike?Marsisthefourthplanetfromthesuninoursolarsystemandis46afterMars,theRomangodofwar.47diameter(直徑)is53%as48asthatoftheearth.Marsgoesaroundthesunatadistanceofabout228millionkilometers.Youcantell49planetisMarsbecauseitisbrightredinthenightsky.It50likearedandorangeball.It’sverybeautiful.Butduringspringandsummer,thesurfaceofMarsiscovered51strongstorms.ThegravityonthesurfaceofMarsisabout52asstrongasitisonearth.Soapersonwhoweighs90kilosonearthweighsonly36kilosonMars.ThetemperatureonMarsis53138℃and28℃.Theairhasonly0.13%oxygen.Ittakesaspaceshipabouteightmonthsto54Marsfromtheearthwhenthetwoplanetsare55toeachother.ScientistsarestillsearchingformoreinformationaboutMars.46．A．name B．named C．names47．A．It B．It’s C．Its48．A．wide B．widely C．wider49．A．that B．which C．what50．A．be B．is C．looks51．A．by B．in C．of52．A．twofifth B．twofifths C．twofifth53．A．a(chǎn)mong B．during C．between54．A．reach B．get C．a(chǎn)rrive55．A．close B．closer C．closest2022˙名校模擬（2022河北石家莊第四十中學(xué)中考模擬）Doyouliketogocamping?Haveyouevergotlostinthewild?Evenexperiencedcampers____11____getlost.Toavoidgettinglost,stayonmarkedroads.Takeanotepadandapencilwithyouforwritingnotes.Useapasssothatyoucanknowwhat____12____youaregoingto.Ifyoudogetlost,don’tscare.Gettingintoascareisthe____13____thingyoucando.Peoplewhoscarehavebeenknowntowalkinbigcircles.Theydon’t____14____this,ofcourse.Theymakethemselvesso____15____thattheycan’tgetbacktotherightroad.Ifitislate,andothersknowyouareoutalone,stay____16____youare.Someonewilleto____17____yousoon.Ifitisearly,andyouwanttotrytofindyourwayback,leavemarkstoshowwhereyouhavebeen.Putsomestonesonthe____18____youhavetaken.Ifyouhaveapenandanotepadinyourpack,writeanoteandputitonatree.Writedownthetime,thedate,thefactthatyouarelostandthedirectionyouarenowtaking.Ifyouarelostatnight,buildtwocampfiresclosetogether.Twocolumnsofsmokesidebysideareasignalfor____19____.Ifothercampersseethesmokesignal,theywilletofindyou.Atthesametime,putonalltheclothesfromyourbagtokeep____20____.Bepatientandwaituntilhelparrives.11.A.never B.seldom C.often D.sometimes12.A.direction B.place C.time D.space13.A.best B.easiest C.worst D.closest14.A.change B.realise C.think D.remember15.A.busy B.excited C.relaxed D.tired16.A.what B.where C.when D.how17.A.waitfor B.lookfor C.askfor D.payfor18.A.road B.river C.bridge D.wall19.A.fun B.question C.surprise D.help20.A.brave B.strong C.warm D.cold（2022遼寧撫順東洲區(qū)中考模擬）Therearemanykindsofpollutionaroundus,___21___airpollution,soilpollution,noisepollutionandlightpollution.Theyarebad___22___ourhealthinmanyways.Burninggas,oilandcoalcreatesairpollution.Itcan___23___soreeyesandbreathingproblems.Withtheincreaseofpollutionandthedevelopmentofindustry,litteriseverywhere.Itmakesourenvironmentdirty.Peopleputlotsofrubbishintheland.Farmersusetoomany___24___inthefields.Theydestroythesoil.Sosoilpollutionhasbeeserious.Noisepollutioncanmakepeople___25___.Forexample,peoplemaylosetheirhearingiftheyworkina___26___placeforalongtime.Toomuchnoisecancausehighbloodpressure(高血壓),___27___.Workingforalongtimeinstrong,changeablelight___28___causesomekindsofillness.Itmakespeoplefeel____29____andisespeciallybadfortheeyes.With___30___pollution,ourplanetwillbeegreenerandourhealthwillbebetter.Let’sbegreenerpeople.21.A.suchas B.forexample C.aswellas D.becauseof22.A.to B.in C.for D.of23.A.finish B.control C.open D.cause24.A.chemists B.chemicals C.chemist D.chemistry25.A.blind B.interesting C.deaf D.healthy26.A.noise B.noisy C.quiet D.quietly27.A.too B.neither C.also D.either28.A.must B.need C.should D.may29.A.fortable B.possibly C.terrible D.terribly30.A.little B.less C.few D.fewer（2022·安徽六安·中考模擬）PineapplesarewidelygrowninColumbia.ColumbianAndresBenavidesandClaudiaBarona____1____allthepineappleswastethatwasthrownaway.AndresandClaudia____2____theenvironment,sotheybegantofindwaystoputthewastetogooduse.Theymade____3____frompineapplewaste.TheycalledtheirpanyLifepack.AndresandClaudiabuiltagreatworkingrelationshipwithalocalpineappleprocessingfactory.Theytookawayallitspineapplewaste.Thefactoryownerwas____4____andcharged(收費(fèi))themnothing.Productionoftheecofriendlyplates____5____andsoonLifepackcouldmakeabout10,000everyday.Itwasn’tallthat____6____,though.Lifepackchargedabout$2.5forapackof12plates.Thiswas____7____twiceasmuchasthepriceofplastic(塑料的)plates.Whywouldanyone____8____moreforplatestheywouldthrowaway?LuckwasonLifepack’sside.In2017,theColumbiangovernmentstartedtocollecttaxes(稅)onplasticproductsthatwouldbeusedonlyonce.SuddenlytheecofriendlyplatesbecamepopularandLifepackwasin____9____.Also,ifyouplantLifepackplatesinyourgardenafteruse,they____10____begintogrow.Thenyoucangrowyourownpineapplesathome.Howcoolitis!1．A．missed B．noticed C．shared D．cleaned2．A．careabout B．learnabout C．layout D．dealwith3．A．boxes B．bags C．books D．plates4．A．happy B．nervous C．creative D．famous5．A．failed B．changed C．remained D．started6．A．boring B．easy C．new D．fair7．A．hardly B．never C．a(chǎn)lmost D．a(chǎn)lways8．A．pay B．spend C．use D．need9．A．public B．control C．business D．trouble10．A．may B．need C．should D．must（2022·安徽合肥中考模擬）Somechildrenwishtobewriterswhentheygrowup.It___11___thattheywanttowritestoriesorbooks.Theywouldbehappyifmanypeoplereadtheirstoriesorbookssomeday,___12___Iwouldliketotellthesechildrenthattheywillneedtobegoodreadersandreadalotbeforetheybeegood___13___.Nearlyallgreatwritersoftenlistenedtootherstellstorieslongbeforetheystartedschool.Theyalso___14___readingforhoursforyears.Evenwhentheyhadbeewriters,theyspentmuchoftheirtimereadingbooks___15___watchingTVintheevening.Ifyouareagoodreader,itwon’ttakeyoulongtodothe____16____homeworkthatyourteacherasksyoutodo.Thenyouwillhave____17____toreadotherbooksforfun.Youwillreadso____18____thatyouwillalwayswanttolookformorebookstoread.Ifyouwanttobeawriter,readingisvery____19____.Whenyoudecideto___20___awriter,youhadbettertellyourself,“ImustreadmoreandmoreifIreallywanttobeeagoodwriter.”11．A．says B．means C．shows D．tells12．A．so B．if C．a(chǎn)nd D．but13．A．children B．readers C．writers D．listeners14．A．keepon B．puton C．tryon D．geton15．A．becauseof B．insteadof C．a(chǎn)swellas D．a(chǎn)ccordingto16．A．listening B．speaking C．reading D．writing17．A．time B．experience C．energy D．interest18．A．hard B．well C．easily D．funny19．A．difficult B．impossible C．important D．general20．A．catch B．follow C．learn D．bee（2022·安徽淮南·中考模擬）Don’tshakehands!Don’thuganyone!InordertoslowthespeedofCOVID19,we’readvisedto___21___physicalcontactasmuchaspossible.Someofushavebeenusedtobeingmorecreative___22___ofgreetingoneanother,suchasafriendlywave（揮手）fromtwometersaway.Wearenotsurewhenthispandemic（流行?。﹚illend.But___23___morepeoplegettheirvaccines（疫苗）,wemaysoonbeabletogetbacktohugging,shakinghandsandkissingcheeks.But...shouldwe?Weare___24___fromayoungagethatitisimpolitenottoshakehandswhenwemeetpeople.ButAshleyPeterson,adoctorintheUnitedStates,thinksthatweshouldbemorecarefulabouthowwegreetpeople.Not___25___likestobehugged.Petersonsaysnowistheperfecttimeforparentstoguidetheirkidsinmaking___26___abouthowtogreetpeople.Theideaisnotto___27___hugsandhandshakes.Ifyourkidswanttohugothers,

theyshould.Iftheyfeel____28____abouthugging,theycanuseotherwaystogreetpeople.AnthonyFauci,ahealtheducator,holdsa___29___opinion.Hethinksweshouldnevershakehandsagain.“We’vegotto____30____thatcustom,”hesays,“Thatisreallyoneofthemainwaystopassonanillness.”21．A．a(chǎn)void B．hate C．keep D．increase22．A．photos B．prizes C．ways D．films23．A．so B．whether C．before D．a(chǎn)s24．A．said B．told C．laughed D．stopped25．A．a(chǎn)nyone B．someone C．everyone D．none26．A．decisions B．mistakes C．calls D．noises27．A．support B．discuss C．cancel D．protect28．A．unknown B．unlucky C．untidy D．unfortable29．A．stronger B．stranger C．smarter D．weaker30．A．save B．break C．divide D．follow（2022·安徽合肥·中考模擬）Whatdoyouthinkofthepizzapreparedbyarobot?Willithaveadifferenttaste?Willrobotscookinthefutureinsteadofpeople?Thesearequestionsthatpeopleareaskingassome___31___testfoodpreparationrobots.ApanyinAmericacalledZoneis___32___machinesthatmakepizza.Thepizzaesoutthesameeachtime.Zonesaystherobotswork___33___.Itsavesalotoftime.Andmoremoneycanbespentonmanykindsoffoods___34___thepanydoesnotneedtopaytherobots.Andit___35___thattheyaresuccessful.The___36___partforthepany’ssuccessis:Howdoesthepizzataste?Somecustomershaveboughttherobotmadepizza.Mostofthemlikeits___37___.“It’sdelicious.It’salwayshotandfreshwhenites.Ithinkit’sgreatthattheyaremakingit.”Thepanysaysthescientistsare___38___developingrobots,sopeoplecangetbetterfoodfaster.Butwhataboutthe___39___therobotsaretakingfromhumans?AlexCarden,thebossofZone,thinkstherewillbemore____40____jobsforhumanstodowhentherobotsbegindoingsomeoftheboringwork.31．A．cooks B．workers C．scientists D．managers32．A．repairing B．testing C．breaking D．washing33．A．slowly B．wisely C．quickly D．helpfully34．A．because B．so C．while D．a(chǎn)lthough35．A．makesup B．turnsout C．callson D．putsoff36．A．first B．last C．real D．key37．A．taste B．shape C．color D．size38．A．sometimes B．hardly C．still D．seldom39．A．secrets B．jobs C．tools D．prizes40．A．tiring B．interesting C．surprising D．moving（2022·安徽·合肥市五十中學(xué)東校二模）TheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS),whichgoesaroundEarth,isthesecondbrightestobjectinournightskyafterthe____41____.In1998,thefirstpieceoftheISSwassentintospace.Sincethen,230peoplefrom18countrieshave____42____it.TheISSusually____43____3to6peopleatonetime.Astronautslivingthereworkondifferentscienceprojects.TheISShashostedover1,500suchprojectssofar.900ofthosehavebeen____44____useinsciencefield.

Butthestationisoutofits____45____.In2011,RussiasaidthattheISSwouldstopworkingin2024anditwasbeing“spacejunk”.____46____theUSlatersaiditwoulduserepairstoextend（延伸）itsservicelifeto2025.

TheISScosts3—4billiondollarseachyear.Manypeoplehave____47____thatthismoneycouldbebetter____48____improvingconditionsonEarth.

“WhatwillhappentotheISSafter2025is____49____.Therearelotsofpossibleuses.”saidJeffreyHoffmanwhoeverworkedintheISS.

Chinawillsoonhaveitsownspacestatio