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高考語法講座形容詞和副詞形容詞、副詞是高考的熱點,難點,現(xiàn)在就高考試題講一下形容詞、副詞的用法。一、命題點命題點1考察形容詞和副詞在具體語境中的應(yīng)用1.Imustbegettingfat-Ican____domytrousersup.(NMET2004)
A.fairlyB.hardlyC.nearlyD.seldom2.Whenweplanourvacation,Motheroftenoffers___suggestions.(NMET2004)
A.carefulB.PracticalC.effectiveD.acceptable分析:第1題考查副詞的運用,fairly意為“公平地、十分地”;hardly意為“幾乎不”;nearly意為“幾乎”seldom意為“很少”。從提干上看,破折號后的內(nèi)容是對前一句的解釋,doup意為“系上,扣上”,顯然B項符合題意。第2題考查形容詞詞義的區(qū)別,careful意為“仔細的”,practical意為“實際的、實用的”effective意為“有效的”;acceptable意為“可接受的”。根據(jù)語境可知B項最佳。命題點2考查多個形容詞修飾同一中心名詞時的排列順序。(1)JohnSmith,asuccessfulbusinessman,hasa____car.(NMET2004遼寧)
A.largeGermanwhiteB.largewhiteGerman
C.whitelargeGermanD.Germanlargewhite(2)The___housesmellsasifithasn'tbeenlivedinforyears.(NMET2004江蘇)A.littlewhitewoodenB.littlewoodenlittleC.whitewoodenlittleD.woodenwhitelittle分析:多個形容詞修飾同一名詞時,其排列順序為:限(即限定詞,如a,the,my,all---)觀(即表示觀點的形容詞,如good,fine---)形(即表示形狀的形容詞,如big,small,round---)色(即表示顏色的形容詞,如red,brown,yellow---)國(即表示國家、地區(qū)的形容詞,如Chinese,Asian,European---)材(即表示構(gòu)成事物材料的形容詞,如wooden,metal,glass…)+中心名詞。命題點3考查形容詞、副詞與其它詞類構(gòu)成的習(xí)慣搭配(1)-I’mvery___withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.-Mm,itdoeshavea_____smell.(NMET2003)A.pleasant;pleasedB.Pleased;pleasedC.Pleased;pleasantD.pleased;Pleasant(2)Mr.Smithusedtosmoke___buthehasgivenitup.(NMET2004天津)A.seriouslyB.heavilyC.badlyD.hardly分析:第1題bepleasedwith對-----滿意,是習(xí)慣搭配:pleasant意為令人愉快的,故D項正確。第2題表示吸煙很多,smoke通常與heavily連用,故B項正確。命題點4考查詞尾有-ly與無-ly的副詞區(qū)別Itwasrainingheavily,LittleMaryfeltcold,soshestood___tohermother.(NMET2002)A.
closeB.closelyC.closedD.closing分析:中學(xué)課本中常見的這類副詞有:close接近、靠近(指實際距離)closely仔細地、嚴密地;late晚、遲。近來;lately努力地、猛烈地,hardly幾乎不,last上一次,lastly最后(一點);just正好、剛才,justly公正地;dear突然地、完全地,deadly致命的,非常,dear昂貴地,dearly深深地、非常;deep深深地(指實際動作),deeply深入地、深深地(比喻);most最、非常,大多數(shù),mostly主要地;high高高地(指具體的高度),highly高度地、非常;near附近,接近,nearly幾乎;free自由地、免費地,freely自由地,隨便地;wide廣大地、寬地,widely廣泛的。掌握了這類詞的基本用法和規(guī)律,本題的答案容易找到。根據(jù)題意知,A項正確。命題點5考查比較等級的用法包括:(1)比較級、最高級的基本用法(2)比較級的修飾詞(3)特殊的比較句型(4)as---as同級比較結(jié)構(gòu)等(1)
HespeaksEnglishwellindeed,butofcoursenot____anativespeaker.(NMET2004上海)A.asfluentasB.morefluentthanC.sofluentlyasD.muchfluentlythan(2)Therearetwobuildings____standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.(NMET2004湖北)A.thelargerB.thelargerofthatC.thelargeonethatD.thelargerofwhich(3)Thenumberofpeoplepresentattheconcertwas___thanexpected.Thereweremanyticketsleft.(NMET2004福建)A.muchsmallerB.muchmoreC.muchlargerD.manymore(4)AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn___.(NMET2002上海)A.themoreforlifeareyouequippedB.themoreequippedforlifeyouareC.themorelifeyouareequippedforD.youareequippedthemoreforlife分析:第1題考查as--as同級比較結(jié)構(gòu),從speak知此空應(yīng)填副詞,排除A、B兩項。As---as結(jié)構(gòu)用于否定句時,前一個as可用so代替,故C項正確,D項將much改為more才正確。第2題考查比較級的特殊結(jié)構(gòu),凡兩者比較要評一個“最……”時,比較級前通常加the,此題空格前沒有and連接,說明是一句話,故D項非限制性定語從句正確。第3題考查比較級的基本用法及其修飾語,提干中的比較對象是number,故排除B|D兩項,根據(jù)后句知A項正確,修飾比較級的常用語有:much,alot,agreatdeal,far,even,still,byfar,abit,alittle,rather,any等。另外,數(shù)詞、倍數(shù)、分數(shù)等也可修飾比較級。第4題考查比較級的特殊結(jié)構(gòu),這里構(gòu)成“the+比較級……,the+比較級……”結(jié)構(gòu),意為“越……越…...”,用正常語序。故B項正確。二、形容詞比較級小結(jié)形容詞比較級在高考考試中是一個重要考點,也是學(xué)生最容易混淆的知識點,根據(jù)這一情況特歸納如下:1.as…as…/notas(so)…as…eg:①Ourneighborhas___B___ours.A.asabighouseasB.asbigahouseasC.thesamebighouseas
D.ahousethesamebigas②HespeaksEnglishwellindeed;butofcoursenot___C__anativespeaker.A.asfluentasB.morefluentthanC.sofluentlyasD.muchfluentlythan分析:as…as表示“與……一樣”,notas…as…或notso…as…意思是“不如……”;第一個as或so后接adj.或adv.的原級,第二個as后接比較的對象。2.比較前的程度狀語Thenumberofpeoplepresentattheconcertwas___A___thanexpected,thereweremanyticketsleft.分析:比較級前根據(jù)不同意思,可用不同程度的狀語。any一些、一點,常用于疑問句中。abit、alittle、slightly稍微、一點。much、alot、greatly、byfar、far、agreatdeal……得多,even更……3.the+比較級Therearetwobuildings,___D_standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.A.thelargerB.thelargerofthem
C.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich分析:表示兩者中“較…的一個”時,用定冠詞the.另外:“the+比較級,the+比較級”意為“越…就越…”。ThemoreBillworkedonthemathproblem,themoreconfusedhebecame.這道習(xí)題比爾越做越糊涂。4.倍數(shù)表達法①Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproduced___C___tractorsin1988astheyearbefore.
A.astwicemany
B.asmanytwice
C.twiceasmany
D.twicemanyas②Ataroughestimate,Nigeriais__D___GreatBritain.A.threetimesthesizeasB.thesizethreetimesofC.threetimesasthesizeofD.threetimesthesizeof③Itisreportedthattheunitedstatesused___D____energyasthewholeofEurope.A.astwiceB.twicemuch
C.twicemuchasD.twiceasmuch分析:倍數(shù)的表達法通常有以下三種:①倍數(shù)+as+原級+as+對比成分例:我們的教室是他們的三倍大。Ourclassroomisthreetimesasbigastheirs.②倍數(shù)+thesize(length,width,depth,height)of+對比成分Ourclassroomisthreetimesthesizeoftheirs.③倍數(shù)+比較級+對比成分Ourclassroomisthreetimesbiggerthantheirs.下面對上一講的內(nèi)容進行鞏固:1.Whathesaidjustnowsounded______,Ithink.A.quiteperfectlyB.niceandinterestingC.niceorpoliteD.nicelyandfriendly2.Doyouenjoylisteningtorecords?Ifindrecordsareoften______orbetterthananactualperformance.A.asgoodasB.asgoodC.goodD.goodas3.Lastnightwemetwith________rainatthestation.A.aquiteheavyB.tooheavyaC.suchheavyaD.asoheavy4.Afterhavinggone________far,Georgedidnotwanttoturnback.AenoughB.muchC.suchD.that5.Whichis______book,thenewoneortheoldone?A.betterB.thebetterC.bestD.that6.Theoldgentlemanhas_______beentothegreatWallbefore,hashe?A.alwaysB.alreadyC.everD.not7.Theyhaveproduce______theydidlastyear.A.twicemoregrainasB.twiceasmuchgrainas
C.twiceasmanygrainasD.astwicemanygrainas8.Itissaidthatthefilmis_____seeing.A.veryworthB.quiteworthyofC.wellworthD.ratherworthyof9.MissYangwearsthe_____skitsasyou,but____fromMissXiao’s.A.similar;differentlyB.same;differentC.different;sameD.same;differently10.Thereare_____booksinourlibrarythanyourlibrary.A.manymoreB.moremanyC.muchmoreD.moremuch11.Thelecturewasso______thatallthepeopleinthehallwere______.A.moving;excitingB.moving;excitedC.moved;excitedD.move;exciting12.Smokingissobadforhishealththathedoesn’tsmoke.A.nolongerB.theoldestCanylongerD.atall13.Theteacherwonderedwhy____manystudentshadmade______carelessmistake.
Aso;soB.so;suchCsuch;soDsuch;such14.Itis_____thathisEnglishis_____perfect.A.sure;veryB.right;ratherC.exact;fairlyD.certainquite15.OxfordandCambridgeare______oftheBritishUniversities.A.theolderB.theoldestC.olderD.oldest16.Thereisstill______betweenthetopandthebottomincomegroupsinthiscountry.A.toomuchbigagap
B.atoomuchbiggap
C.muchtoobigagapD.amuchtoobiggap17.GreatBritainis_____ofthesetwoisland.
A.thelargerB.thelargestC.largerD.thebiggest18.Initscentralpartmanystreetsare______100yearoldA.moreoverB.welloverC.wellaboveD.orso19.--Doyouthinkhecanwinthistime.--Oh,yes.Itis______-thatawill.A.verylikelyB.almostsurelyC.quitecertainlyD.verypossibly20.Mr.Wanghasneverseen_______placeasDisneyland.A.morebeautifulaB.amorebeautifulC.sobeautifulaD.suchbeautifula21.My______sisterwhoworksinthebankistwoyears____thanI.A.younger;olderB.older;elderC.elder;elderD.elder;older22.Chinaisalargecountrywhichisgetting____.A.moreandmoredevelopedB.moreandmoredevelopingC.moredevelopedandmoredeveloped
D.moredevelopingandmoredeveloping23.Thesportsshoesare___forme.
A.tooalittlesmallB.alittlesmalltooC.toosmallalittleD.alittletoosmall24.Myparentswere____whenIreachedhome.A.quiteasleepB.sleepingfast
C.soundasleepD.toosleeping25.____,themorehelikesit.
A.ItisthemoredangerousB.ItisthemostdangerousC.ThemoreitisdangerousD.Themoredangerousitis26.Chinahasa___populationthan____inAfrica.A.more;anyothercountryB.more;anycountryC.larger;anycountryD.larger;alltheothercountries27.-Howdidyoufindyourvisittothemuseum?-Ithoroughlyenjoyedit.Itwas___interestingthanIhadexpected.A.farmoreB.evenmuchC.somoreD.alotmuch28.Thisisamostbeautifulpark.Ihaveneverseen____onebefore.A.thebestB.thebetterC.abestD.abetter29.___itistohaveapicnicbythesea!A.WhatagreatpleasureB.WhatgreatpleasureC.HowagreatpleasureD.Howgreatpleasure30.Theboywasn’t____atEnglish,butnowhedoes____init.A.good;goodB.well;betterC.better;wellD.good;better31.He’sliketosleepwiththewindow___atnightA.openwideB.openwidelyC.wideopenD.openedwide32.Heoftenkeeps____newspapers_____.
A.everyday;tidilyB.daily;orderly
C.everyday;tidilyD.theday;tidy33.Wemustleavenow;___we’llbelateforwork.A.soB.otherwiseC.thenD.and34.Shesmiledtothepeoplearoundbut___lookedstraightahead,gettingholdofherhusband’shand.
A.mostB.almostC.mostlyD.nearly35.Theguildtoldusthathewouldorganizesomebusinessmenabroad____nextweek.
A.sometimeB.sometimeC.sometimesD.sometimes36.Whatawonder!They’vefinished____30%ofthetaskwithinoneweek.A.nomorethanB.nolessthanC.notmorethanD.muchlessthan37.I’vegot____worktodoona_____coldday.
A.muchtoo;muchtooB.toomuch;toomuchC.toomuch;muchtooD.muchtoo;toomuch38.–Ishe____bettertoday?-Ofcourse,A.muchB.abitC.anyD.even39.Itiswrong___toyourfatherlikethatA.foryoutalkingB.foryoutotalkC.ofyoutalkingD.ofyoutotalk40.ThebesttimetogotoAustraliais___autumn.A.laterB.latestC.lateD.last41.Thisis___bridgeeverbuiltinChina.A.longestB.thelongerC.thelongestD.alonger42.-CanIhelpyou?-We
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