高一期末語法復(fù)習(xí)系列

期末語法復(fù)習(xí)系列狀語從句1.時間狀語從句：when,as,while,before,after,since,until,assoonas,themoment,eachtime,…nosooner…than… hardly…when Whenhecame,Ihadcleanedtheclassroom. Hehadnosoonerreturnedthanheboughtanewflat. Hecametoscenethemomentheheardthenews. IthoughtherniceandhonestthefirsttimeImethim. Oncehemakesupyourmind.Hewon’tchangehismind.2.原因狀語從句：because,since,as,for,nowthat Heisdisappointedbecausehedidn’tgettheposition. Sinceeverybodyishere,let’sbegin.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundisstillwet.3.地點(diǎn)狀語從句：where,wherever I’llgowhereverthepeoplewantmetogo. Wherethereiswater,thereislife.4.條件狀語從句：unless,if,aslongas,onconditionthat,incase IshallnotgotothecinemaunlessIfinishmyhomeworkbeforeeight. Aslongasyoukeepontrying,youwillsurelysucceed. Pleasetaketheumbrellawithyouincaseitrains. Youcangoswimmingonconditionthat(=if)youdon’tgotoofaraway.5．讓步狀語從句:although,though,evenif,eventhough EvenifIdidn’tknowanybodyattheparty,Ihadagoodtime. Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot. Whetheritrainsornot,Ishallgooutforanoutingtomorrow. Whatever(=Nomatterwhat)yousay,I’llneverchangemymind. HoweverhardItry,Ican’tfinishtheworkintime.6.結(jié)果，目的狀語從句：so,sothat,so....that,such....that Hesaidaloudsothateverybodycouldhearhim. IlefttheroomquietlyforfearthatImightwakehimup. Speakclearly,sothatthemayunderstandyou. Heleftearlyincaseheshouldmissthetrain.7.比較狀語從句：as...as,notas(so)...as,themore....themore Themorewehave,thehappierwewillbe. Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyourwillmake.特殊句型復(fù)習(xí)：1.Hedidn'tgotosleepuntilhismothercameback. 直到他母親回來他才去睡覺。2.Itis+adj.(+forsb/sth)+todosth.easy,hard,difficult,possible,important,impossible,necessary,natural,surprising Itisdifficultforthemtofinishtheworkintwodays.對于他們來說，在兩天時間里完成這項任務(wù)是很難的。3.Itis+adj.+ofsb.+todosth.kind,nice,wise,silly,polite,impolite,friendly,foolish,clever Itiskindofhimtohelp.=Heiskindtohelpme. It’ssocarelessofyoutomakesomanyspellingmistakesintheEnglishexam.4.Itis+nogood/nouse/awasteoftime+doingsth. Idon'tthinkitgooddoingit.5.Itis+及物動詞的過去分詞+that從句 said,told,known,reported,recorded,thought,believed Itissaidthatheisover24. = Heissaidtobeover24.6.Itseemsthat... seem,happen,appear IthappenedthatImetmygoodfriendsinthemuseumyesterday.7.Itis/hasbeen+一段時間+since從句 Itisthreeyearssincewesaweachother.8.Itis+時間+before...主句的時態(tài)多用一般將來時或一般過去時。 Itwillbeseveralyearsbeforewemeetagain. Itwasnotlongbeforetheysetout.9.Itis/wasthefirsttimethat完成時... ItisthefirsttimethatIhavebeenhere. Itwasthesecondtimethathehadseenthefilm.10.Itistimethatsbdidsth. /forsbtodosth Itishightimeforustogohomenow.11.引導(dǎo)詞it作形式主語（賓語）時，為了使句子平衡，常采用形式主語（或賓語）it，而把真正的主語（或賓語）置于句子后面。Wethoughtitstrangethathedidnotcomelastnight.Wemakeitaschoolrulethatstudentsshouldwearschooluniform.Ithasnothingtodowithmethatyoudon’tlikehim.Itisourdutytohelpthosewhoneedhelp.12.Thereisnoneedforsbtodosth.Thereisnopointindoingsth.Thereasonwhy...isthat...Thereisnoneedforyoutoworryaboutthemoney.Thereisnopointinwaitingforamanwhohasnosenseoftime.Thereasonwhyhewaslateforschoolwasthathemissedthebus.定語從句復(fù)習(xí)： Iwon’tforgettheplacewhereIspentmychildhood. (也可用inwhich) Iwon’tforgettheplacewhichIvisitedlastmonth. (that或省略) Doyourememberthedaywhenwevisitedthemuseum? (onwhich) Doyourememberthedaywhichwespentinthecountryside? (that或省略) Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyougiveupsmoking? Canyoutellmethereasonwhichhegaveyou?Thisisoneofthemostinterestingfilmsthatwereshownlastweek. Thisistheveryoneofthemostinterestingfilmsthatwasshownlastweek. Hehastwosons,bothofwhomarecollegestudents. Hehastwosons,andbothofthemarecollegestudents. Hestilllivesintheroomwhosewindowfacestotheeast. Hestilllivesintheroomthewindowofwhichfacestotheeast. Hestilllivesintheroomwhichisinthenorthofthecity.(that) Hestilllivesintheroomwherethereisabeautifultable.(inwhich) Isthismuseumtheonetheyvisitedlastmonth? Isthisthemuseumthattheyvisitedlastmonth? (that或省略) I’minterestedinallthatyouhavesaid. I’minterestedinwhatyouhavesaid. Hefailedintheexamagain,whichmadehisteacherdisappointment. Asisknowntoall,ChinahasalargerpopulationthanIndia. Thisissuchaneasybookaswecanunderstand. Thisthesamebookasyoulendme.Thewayhelooksatproblemsisquitedifferentfromothers.(theway定語從句也可以用inwhich,that)常跟不定式做賓語的有：afford,aim,agree,arrange,decide,choose,demand,desire,hope,fail,happen,hesitate,learn,long,mean,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,wait不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語：invitesbtodosth.advise,allow,permitforbid,enable,encourage,inspire,force,order,persuade,remind,require,warn,cause,get,wouldlikesbtodosth,waitforsbtodosth,relyon(dependon)sbtodosth注意如果句中的謂語動詞為see,hear,watch,notice,observe,feel,listento,lookat,have,make,let等，作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞不定式需將to省去 seesbdosth sbbeseentodosth不定式作狀語 表示目的，結(jié)果，原因，條件inorderto,soastodo,todo, enoughto justtodo, so...asto..., too...to, onlytoo...to, onlytodo Ihurriedtothestation,onlytobetoldthatthetrainhadgone. Iamonlytoogladtomeetyou.Wouldyoubesokindastohelpme?常跟動名詞做賓語的詞：finish,imagine,enjoy,escape,consider,admit,avoid,mind,miss,confess,deny,excuse,quit,risk,practise,delay,suggest,feellike,can’tresist 區(qū)別：allow,permit,advise,forbid(sbtodosth) (doingsth) Idon’tallowpeopletosmokehere. Idon’tallowsmokinghere.介詞賓語注意 in的省略 bebusy(in)doing havetrouble(in)doingwaste/spend/haveagoodtime(in)doingsth losenotime(in)doingsth以to結(jié)尾的介詞短語：beusedto,devote...to...,getdownto,giveriseto, lookforwardto,payattentionto,objectto動詞need,require,want,deserve后面的動名詞(needdoing=needtobedone)Yourhairwantscutting. Theproblemrequiresstudyingwithgreatcare.賓語從句：從句在句中充當(dāng)賓語的成分?？勺髦^語動詞的賓語，也可作介詞的賓語。 Jennythought(that)herteacherwasunfair. Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.(注意時態(tài)的對應(yīng)) Mothertoldmethatshewouldbuyabikeforme. Idon’tknowwhenhewillcome. Iamsure(that)hewon’tmind. I’dliketoknowwhichoneisyourhusband.注意點(diǎn) think,believe,suppose等的用法（反意疑問句一從二三主） Ithinkthathewillcome,won’the? Shethinksthathewillcome,doesn’tshe? Idon’tthinkhewillcome,willhe? Ithinkthathewillcome.(提問he) Whodoyouthinkwillcome?That引導(dǎo)賓語從句無意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分常省略。但下列情況除外：（1）介詞賓語從句的that不省略 HeknewnothingabouthimexceptthathewasfromUSA.（2）and連結(jié)的幾個從句，第二個從句以后的從句的that不省略。 Hetoldmethathehadtwosonsandthattheybothhadgonetocollege.（3）在動詞+it+賓語補(bǔ)足語+賓語從句結(jié)構(gòu)中，that不省略。 如果主句的謂語動詞是make,find,feel,consider,等，往往可用it作形式賓語，而把賓語從句置于賓語補(bǔ)足語之后。 Wefounditimpossiblethathecouldfinishitinsuchashorttime. Wemakeitaschoolthatstudentsshouldwearschooluniform.Whether,if引導(dǎo)賓語從句：兩詞可互換，但是下列情況除外：（1）whether從句中有ornot （2）whether從句做介詞賓語 Everythingdependsonwhetheryouagreewithus.賓語從句的語序要用陳述句語序 Itishardtopredictwhatourearthwillbelikeinthefuture.做非謂語的四招：第一招：根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷是非謂語動詞還是謂語動詞1.Turntotheright,andyouwillfindthebuildingyouwant.2.Ifyouturntotheright,youwillfindthebuildingyouwant.3.Turningtotheright,youwillfindthebuildingyouwant.第二招：牢牢掌握動詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的基本區(qū)別1.Thebridgetobebuiltnextyearwillbeabigone.2.Thebridgebeingbuiltnowisabigone.3.Thebridgebuiltwasabigone.第三招：牢記邏輯主語和真正的主語一致1.Comparedwiththesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesn’tseemhighatall.2.Seeingthebigsnake,thelittlegirlstoodunderthetree,frightenedoutoflife.第四招：記憶固定搭配Judgingfrom,Given(Considering)鑒于，Generallyspeaking,Totellth