2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit2Theuniversallanguage泛讀知識細解碼學(xué)案牛津譯林版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGEUnit2Theuniversallanguage1．composevt.&vi.作曲；組成；撰寫；使冷靜→composern．作曲家，作曲者2．pleasevt.使?jié)M足；使興奮→pleasedadj.興奮的；開心的→pleasantadj.令人開心的，可喜的；友好的，和善的→pleasuren．興奮的事，樂事3．transformvi.&vt.(使)變形，(使)改觀，(使)轉(zhuǎn)化→transformationn．變更，改觀，轉(zhuǎn)變，改革4．a(chǎn)daptvt.使適應(yīng)；改編→adaptationn．改編本，改寫本；適應(yīng)5．sorrown．哀痛，哀思；難過事→sorrowfuladj.哀痛的，哀思的6．combinevt.&vi.(使)融合；(使)結(jié)合，(使)混合；兼做；合并→combinationn．結(jié)合；結(jié)合體composevt.&vi.作曲；組成；撰寫；使冷靜①Tenmencomposethecommittee. 組成②Mozartcomposedhislastoperashortlybeforehedied. 作曲③IwassoconfusedthatIcouldhardlycomposemythoughts. 使冷靜WordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點1)deservevt.值得，應(yīng)得(教材P16)It'sapiecethatreallydeservestobeheard.這首曲子真的很值得聽。[例]Thereportdeservescarefulconsideration.這份報告應(yīng)當賜予仔細考慮。[歸納拓展](1)deserveconsideration/attention值得考慮/留意deservetodo 應(yīng)當/應(yīng)受……deservetobedone＝deservedoingsth.＝deservesth. 值得/應(yīng)當做某事(2)deservedadj. 應(yīng)得的；該受的；理所應(yīng)當?shù)膁eservingadj. 應(yīng)得的，值得的[即學(xué)即練]句型轉(zhuǎn)換/單句語法填空①Shecheatedduringtheexamanddeservedtobepunished.→Shecheatedduringtheexamanddeservedpunishing．→Shecheatedduringtheexamanddeservedpunishment．②Mr.Branson'svictory，andalltheattendantpublicity，werewelldeserved(deserve)．③Themoneysavedcouldbeusedformoredeserving(deserve)causes.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點2)tearapart使(關(guān)系親密的人)分別，分開(教材P16)Themusictookmethroughthetwistsandturnsofaclassicstoryaboutayoungcoupletornapartbytheirfamilies.這首樂曲帶著我體驗了一個跌宕起伏的經(jīng)典故事，故事講的是一對被雙方家庭拆散的年輕情侶。[例]Butwhenamisunderstandingarises，theirlifelongfriendshipsuddenlythreatenstotearapart.但是當誤會出現(xiàn)的時候，她們終生的友情突然間受到裂開的威逼。[歸納拓展]tearout 撕下，扯下，拔起tearup 撕碎，拔起teardown 撕下，拆毀tearat 撕扯某物tearsth.open 把某物撕開tearsth.to/intopieces 把某物撕成碎片[即學(xué)即練]完成句子①這本書的前幾頁被人撕掉了。Thefirstpagesofthisbookweretornoutbysomeone.②許多樹被大風(fēng)拔起了。Manytreesweretornout/upbythestrongwind.③她一看完就把信撕碎了。Shetoreuptheletterthemomentshereadit.④工人們把舊房拆了，在原址建起了新居。Theworkmentoredowntheoldhouseandbuiltanewoneinitsplace.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點3)whispervi.&vt.耳語，低語；私下說；沙沙作響n．低語；溫柔的聲音；傳言(教材P16)Whenthetwolovers，LiangShanboandZhuYingtai，firstmeet，themusicislightandpleasant，asifwhisperingtotheaudience.當梁山伯和祝英臺這對戀人初次見面時，樂曲輕快悅耳，仿佛在向觀眾耳語。[例]“Canyoumeetmetonight？”hewhispered.“你今晚能和我見面嗎？”他小聲地問。[歸納拓展](1)whispertosb. 與某人耳語，向某人小聲說whispersth.inone'sear 附在某人耳朵上說Itis/waswhisperedthat... 據(jù)隱私傳言……(2)inawhisper/whispers 低聲地givesb.thewhisper 對某人耳語，給某人以示意[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Hewhisperedtohersothatnooneelsewouldhear.②Itiswhisperedthathisbusinessisfalling.③Theysatatthebackoftheroom，talkinginwhispers(whisper)．[小片段填空]Itiswhisperedthattheyoungmanwasarrestedforrobbery.Mybestfriendwhispered(whisper)tomethebadnews.Hethoughtthatkindofnewsshouldbetoldinwhispers(whisper)．eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點4)transformvi.&vt.(使)變形，(使)改觀，(使)轉(zhuǎn)化(教材P16)Finally，duringthemostexcitingpart，themusictakesasofterturnandendsonabittersweetnote，tellingushowthecoupletransformintobutterfliesandflyawaytobetogetherforever.最終，在最激烈人心的部分，樂曲以一個柔軟的轉(zhuǎn)折和一個苦樂參半的音符結(jié)束，告知我們這對情侶為了恒久在一起如何變成蝴蝶飛走。[例]Anewcolourschemewilltransformyourbedroom.新的色調(diào)方案將使你的臥房面貌一新。[歸納拓展](1)transformAintoB 使A變成Btransforminto 轉(zhuǎn)變成betransformedfromAtoB 從A搬到Btransformsth./sb.fromosth. 把某物/某人從某物轉(zhuǎn)變成某物(2)transformationn. (外觀或性質(zhì)的)變更、變革[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①TenyearsofhardworktransformedMathildecompletelyintoanordinaryhousewife.②Theireffortshavetransformedthebaldhillintoonecoveredwithgreentreesallover.③Whatatransformation(transform)！Youlookgreat.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點5)relyon依靠，依靠；信任(教材P17)Myhostfamilyarebigfansofcountrymusic，soIcanalwaysrelyonthemtointroducemetosomegreatsongs.我的寄宿家庭一家人都是鄉(xiāng)村音樂的狂酷愛好者，所以我可以依靠他們給我介紹一些很棒的歌曲。[例]Hecanrelyonmysupportwhenthecrunchcomes.關(guān)鍵時刻，他可以依靠我的支持。[歸納拓展](1)relyonsb./sth.doingsth./todosth. 希望某人或某物做某事relyonitthat... 信任……；希望……(2)reliableadj. 可信任的；可依靠的[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Youcanrelyonhimtorespond/responding(respond)toachallenge.②Youmayrelyonitthathewillcometomeetyou.③Wearelookingforsomeonewhoisreliable(rely)andhard-working.[小片段填空]Heisnotareliable(rely)person，soyoucannotrelyonhimtofinishthetaskintime.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點6)surroundingsn．四周，環(huán)境(教材P17)Thesimpletunesandbeautifulnaturalimagesareoftenverysuggestiveofcountrysidesurroundings...簡潔的曲調(diào)和漂亮的自然意境經(jīng)常讓人聯(lián)想到鄉(xiāng)村環(huán)境……[例]Thebuildingshavebeendesignedtoblendinwiththeirsurroundings.這些建筑物設(shè)計奇妙，與四周環(huán)境渾然一體。[歸納拓展](1)surroundvt. 圍繞，環(huán)繞surround...with... 使……包圍……besurroundedby/with... 被……包圍(2)surroundingadj. 四周的[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Iliketosurroundmyselfwithbeautifulthings.②Lakes，surrounded(surround)byvastgrasslands，looklikejewels.③Thedevelopmentofthesitewillhaveimplicationsforthesurrounding(surround)countryside.[小片段填空]Myhouseissurroundedbyhillsandthesurroundingsceneryisbeautiful，somylivingsurroundingsarepleasant.(surround)eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點7)guaranteevt.保證，擔(dān)保；確保；為(產(chǎn)品)供應(yīng)保修n．保證，擔(dān)保；保修單(教材P17)Iguaranteeyou'llenjoyit!我保證你會喜愛的！[例]Wecannotguarantee(that)allourflightswillneverbedelayed.我們不能保證我們的全部航班均不誤點。[歸納拓展](1)guaranteetodosth. 保證做某事guaranteesb.sth./guaranteesth.tosb. 保證某人得到某物beguaranteedtodosth. 確定會做某事(2)givesb.aguarantee 給某人保證/承諾underguarantee 保修期內(nèi)[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Weguaranteetodeliver(deliver)yourgoodswithinaweek.②Nursesintrainingshouldbegivenaguaranteeofemploymentfollowingqualification.③Thecarislessthanayearold，andthereforestillunderguarantee.[小片段填空]Thedealergavemeaguaranteeofexchangingmycarifitwentwrong.Lastweek，mycardidn'twork.SoIgavethedealeracallandhetoldmeitwasunderguarantee.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點8)adaptationn．改編本，改寫本；適應(yīng)(教材P19)Themusicalpiece，anadaptationofXianXinghai'sYellowRiverCantata，tellshowtheChinesepeople，ledbytheCommunistPartyofChina，foughttoovercometheJapaneseinvaders.這首改編自冼星海《黃河大合唱》的樂曲講解并描述了中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的中國人民如何戰(zhàn)勝日本侵略者的。[例]BranaghwontwoawardsforhisscreenadaptationofShakespeare'sHenrytheFifth.布拉納因為對莎士比亞的《亨利五世》的熒幕改編而獲得了兩次獎。[歸納拓展]adapt(oneself)to 適應(yīng)adaptsth.forsth. 改編為；使某事物適應(yīng)或適合beadaptedfrom 由……改編[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Sheadaptedherself(her)quicklytothenewlife.②Theauthorisgoingtoadapthisplayfortelevision.③Thefilmhasbeenadaptedfromaplayofthesametitle.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點9)(教材P19)Itconsistsoffourmovements:“TheSongoftheYellowRiverBoatmen”，“OdetotheYellowRiver”，“TheYellowRiverinAnger”and“DefendtheYellowRiver”．它由四個樂章組成：《黃河船夫曲》《黃河頌》《黃河憤》《保衛(wèi)黃河》。(1)consistof由……組成(或構(gòu)成)[例]Theexamconsistsofanessayandanunseentranslation.這次考試包括一篇作文和一篇即席翻譯。[歸納拓展]eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(consistin,liein))在于；存在于留意：consistof沒有被動語態(tài)[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Trueeducationdoesnotconsistinsimplybeingtaughtfacts.②Theirdietconsistedlargelyofvegetables.[小片段填空]Lifemainlyconsistsofhappinessandsorrowwhilehappinessandsorrowconsistinstruggles.Rememberthatyourideallifeisnotalwaysconsistentwiththereality.(2)defendvt.&vi.愛護，防衛(wèi)；辯白，辯解[例]Troopshavebeensenttodefendtheborders.已派出部隊去保衛(wèi)邊疆。[歸納拓展](1)defendsb./sth.from/against... 愛護某人/某物免受……defendoneself 防衛(wèi)/為自己辯護(2)defencen. 防衛(wèi)；防守；辯護indefenceof... 為了防衛(wèi)……；為……辯護[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Allourofficersaretrainedtodefendthemselvesagainst/fromknifeattacks.②Everyoneshouldlearnhowtodefendhimself(him)bythelawfulmeans.③Whatpointscanberaisedindefence(defend)ofthisargument?SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重點句式1)狀語從句的省略(教材P16)Whenthetwolovers，LiangShanboandZhuYingtai，firstmeet，themusicislightandpleasant，asifwhisperingtotheaudience．當梁山伯和祝英臺這對戀人初次見面時，樂曲輕快悅耳，仿佛在向觀眾耳語。句式分析：本句中的asifwhisperingtotheaudience是由asif引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句，省略了themusicis。[例1]Hepausedasif(hewasgoing)toletthesadmemorypass.他停了下來，就似乎要把哀痛的記憶抹去。[例2]Thegirllefttheroomhurriedlyasif(shewas)angry.女孩匆忙離開房間，似乎很生氣的樣子。[歸納拓展](1)在含有狀語從句的復(fù)合句中，假如狀語從句的主語和句子主語一樣，謂語出現(xiàn)be動詞時，可以把從句中的主語和be省略。(2)在含有狀語從句的復(fù)合句中，假如狀語從句中出現(xiàn)了itis/was的形式，可以把itis/was省略。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Whencompleted(complete)，themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.②Althoughdoing(do)hisbestinmathsthesedays，hehasstillgotnogoodmarks.eq\a\vs4\al(重點句式2)形容詞作狀語(教材P16)Angryandsad，Liangfallssickanddies.由于生氣和哀痛，梁山伯生病死了。句式分析：本句中的Angryandsad作狀語，表示緣由。形容詞作狀語表示緣由、時間、伴隨狀況或結(jié)果，并不表達動詞的方式。大多與全句用逗號隔開，可置于句首、句中或句末。[例1]Afterthewar，thesoldiersreturnedhome，safeandsound.斗爭結(jié)束后，那些士兵安穩(wěn)無恙地回到了家。[例2]Seeingthesnake，allthefrightenedgirlsstoodthere，unabletospeak.看到那條蛇，全部的女孩站在那里，嚇得說不出話來。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Thesetravelersreturnedtothehotel，tiredandsleepy(sleep)．②Helpless(help)，wewatchedourhomedestroyedbeforeoureyes.③他謙遜、隨和，很快就使大家一點也不驚慌了。Modestandeasy-going，hesoonputeveryoneatease.(教材P17)ObviouslyIdon'tknowwhatit'strulyliketogrowupinruralAmerica，butthemastersofcountrymusic，likeJohnDenver，canmakeyoufeellikeyou'rethere.[分析]本句是一個復(fù)合句，but連接兩個分句，表示轉(zhuǎn)折；obviously修飾前面的分句；what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作know的賓語。[譯文]很明顯，我不知道在美國農(nóng)村長大是什么味道，但鄉(xiāng)村音樂大師，比如約翰·丹佛，能讓你覺得自己就在那里。教材高考1.Finally，duringthemostexcitingpart，themusictakesasofterturnandendsonabittersweetnote，tellingushowthecoupletransformintobutterfliesandflyawaytobetogetherforever.(2024·江蘇卷)Butifyoudoittoooften，youcantransformintheeyesofothersfromaconfidentjokertoaChihuahuadog.2.Myhostfamilyarebigfansofcountrymusic，soIcanalwaysrelyonthemtointroducemetosomegreatsongs.(2024·江蘇卷)Then，ontwoseparatemorningvisitstothescientists'lab，eachmanwalkedforanhouratanaveragespeedthat，intheory,shouldallowhisbodytorelymainlyonfatforfuel.3.Iguaranteeyou'llenjoyit！(2024·北京卷)Ourcourses，totalling20，000hoursofcontentin20differentlanguages，guaranteeyoulanguageskillsyoucanuserightaway.4.Themusicalpiece，anadaptationofXianXinghai'sYellowRiverCantata，tellshowtheChinesepeople，ledbytheCommunistPartyofChina，foughttoovercometheJapaneseinvaders.(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)OnThursdayinanarticlepublishedinCell，ateamofresearchersreportedanewkindofadaptation—nottoairortofood，buttotheocean.5.Itconsistsoffourmovements:“TheSongoftheYellowRiverBoatmen”，“OdetotheYellowRiver”，“TheYellowRiverinAnger”and“DefendtheYellowRiver”．(2024·北京卷)...Frenchmanuscript(手稿)consistingofnearly1，000setsofinstructions，coveringsubjectsfromtoolmakingtofindingthebestsand.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Helayonthebed，staringattheroof，exhausted(exhaust)．2．Hewon'tgotherewithusunlessinvited(invite)．3．Thegovernmentistryingtosave￡1millionondefence(defend)．4．Marshasaninsubstantialatmosphere，consisting(consist)ofcarbondioxide.5．Therewasalsoconcernabouttheadaptation(adapt)oflawsexercise.6．Underexceptionalconditions，themethodisguaranteedtosucceed(succeed)．7．Youcanrelyonitthatshewon'tbelate.8．Weliveinaworldofimagemediasurroundedwithourlife，imagemediainseparable.9．Thetwolittlegirlstitteredandwhisperedtoeachother.10．Insomeofthosecases，Americahadspecificcomplaintswhichdeservedconsideration/considering/tobeconsidered(consider)．Ⅱ.短語填空turnout;allthetime;relyon;tearapart;throwin;d