2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省深圳市龍崗區(qū)八年級(jí)（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷

第1頁(yè)（共1頁(yè)）2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省深圳市龍崗區(qū)八年級(jí)（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母編號(hào)涂黑。1．（10分）Sanohasbecometheoldestsurfer（沖浪者）intheworld.It'smore（1）thathestartedthesportattheageof80andbecamethe"World'sOldestSurfer"oftheGuinnessWorldRecordsinJuly2022.Manypeoplethinkthatsurfingisasportforthe（2），butSanoshowsthatpeopleofallagescanenjoyit.Sanostartedtakingsurfinglessons9yearsago.That'sbecausehewantedto（3）himselfaswellasstayinshape.Hewas（4）byabankworker.Thebankworkerlookedtan（曬黑的）anddidn'tseemlikeanofficeworkeratall.Themantoldhimthathis（5）wassurfing，soSanodecidedtogiveitatry.Sano'scoachwassurprisedaboutSano'sstrong（6）tolearnhowtosurf.HewasalsoworriedthatSanomightgethurtinthepractice.Tohissurprise，Sano（7）tobeasgoodastheman'syoungstudents.Sanosaid，"Peopletellmesurfingisdangerous，butIhavemore（8）momentsinacarthanonasurfboard!HoldingtheGuinnessWorldRecordscertificate，IfeelforthefirsttimeIhavebeenthoughttobe（9）forsomething.Frommyexperiences，Ithinkit'sthecan﹣doattitudethatwillgetyouthere.Soit's（10）toolatetotrysomethingnew.Pleasefollowwhatyoulove，nomatterwhatdifficultiesmaystandinyourway."（1）A.excitingB.interestingC.amazingD.relaxing（2）A.oldB.youngC.richD.poor（3）A.protectB.controlC.punishD.challenge（4）A.encouragedB.comparedC.respectedD.chosen（5）A.abilityB.prizeC.careerD.secret（6）A.voiceB.supportC.wishD.arm（7）A.turnedoutB.watchedoutC.foundoutD.lookedout（8）A.boringB.terribleC.pleasantD.forgettable（9）A.successfulB.creativeC.seriousD.complete（10）A.alwaysB.sometimesC.seldomD.never閱讀理解閱讀短文，從下面每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母編號(hào)涂黑。2．（7.5分）ArcticfoxesliveonthelandandseaicewithintheArcticCircle（北極圈）.WinterintheArcticisquitedifferent.FromOctobertoFebruary，thesunneverrisestoshinewarmthandlight.Luckily，thesesmallfoxeshaveawonderfulabilitytoliveintheicyArctic.Theirthickfurcoatandlong，furrytailskeepthebodywarm.Theirfeetalsohavethickfur，likebuilt﹣insnowboots.Thismakestheirprey（獵物）hardertoheartheirfootsteps.Andtheirwhitecoatsmakeitdifficultforpredatorssuchaswolves，polarbears，andgoldeneaglestofindthemamongtheiceandsnow.Whenit'snottryingtokeepwarmoravoidpredators，anArcticfoxisonthehuntforfood.Theyprefertoeatsmalllemmings，butwhentimesaredifficultthey'lleatwhatevertheycanfind：insects，berries，andeventhedroppingsofotheranimals.Sometimesanarcticfoxwillfollowapolarbearonahuntingtripandeatthebear'sleftovers.Ifafoxcan'tfindfood，oriftheweathergetsreallybad，itcandigaden（獸穴）andrestinsideforuptotwoweeks.Whenafoxiswarm，itcanslowdownitsheartrateandmetabolism（新陳代謝）.Thishelpstheanimalsaveenergysoitdoesn'thavetoeatasmuch.Oncetheanimalcomesoutofitsden，it'lltrytohuntagain.Withfoodinitsbelly，theArcticfoxhasabetterchanceofmakingitthroughanotherlong，darkwinter.（1）WhatistheweathermostlylikeinwinterintheArctic？A.Coldanddark.B.Warmandbright.C.Coldandbright.D.Warmanddark.（2）WhatcanhelptheArcticfoxeshuntforfoodmoreeasily？A.Theirfurrycoats.B.Theirwhitecoats.C.Theirlongtails.D.Theirfurryfeet.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"avoid"inparagraph3probablymean？A.Getcloseto.B.Runafter.C.Keepawayfrom.D.Dependon.（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.Arcticfoxesonlyliveoninsects.B.Arcticfoxesaredangerousanimals.C.Arcticfoxescanstayaliveinwinter.D.Arcticfoxeskeepfoodintheirdens.（5）Whatisthestructureofthepassage？A.B.C.D.3．（7.5分）Thisyearmarksthe20thanniversary（周年紀(jì)念）ofChina'sfirstmannedspacemission，withYangLiweibecomingthefirstChineseastronauttogotospace.Sincethen，Chinahassentanother19astronautsintospace.Doyoudreamofbeinganastronaut？Howdidtheymakeit？Inspace，changesintheenvironmentandlonelinesstestthemindsandbodiesofastronauts.So，thetrainingforastronautsisveryhard."Astronautstakeover200differenttrainingsubjectsbeforegoingtospace，"HuangWeifen，chiefdesignerofChina'smannedspaceproject，toldCCTVNews.Theseincludescienceandmindhealthclasses.Themosttiringoneisunderwatertraining.Astronautsstayunderthewaterinclothesforsixhoursatatime.Theclothesareheavierthan100kilograms.Theheavyclothesmakeeverymovehard."Anastronautoncesaidhelosttwokilogramsafteroneunderwaterexercise，"saidHuang.Eachastronautdoestrainingforatleastthreeandahalfyearsbeforegettingthechancetogotospace.Thisyear，Chinaisfindingnewpeopletobethefourthgroupofastronauts.ThefirstandsecondgroupsofChineseastronautswereallfromtheChinesePeople'sLiberationArmyAirForce（中國(guó)人民解放軍空軍）.However，inthethirdgroup，commonpeoplecouldalsobecomeastronauts.Theyareexpertsandcandosciencestudiesinspace.Theydon'tneedtohave"perfect"bodieslikepilotastronauts.Overthepasttwodecades，China'smannedspaceprogramhasachievedveryimportantstagesandwearealllookingforwardtothenextleapofChina'smannedspaceprogram.（1）HowmanyChineseastronautshavereachedspace？A.20.B.19.C.17.D.15.（2）Whichisthemostdifficulttrainingforastronauts？A.Mindhealthclasses.B.Scienceclasses.C.Weighttraining.D.Underwatertraining.（3）Whomaybecomemembersofthefourthgroupofastronauts？A.SoldiersfromtheAirForceafteroneyear'straining.B.Farmerswithstrongbodiesafterthreeyears'training.C.Expertswithscientificabilitiesafterfouryears'training.D.Teacherswithmuchexperienceaftertwoyears'training.（4）WhatdoesthewriterthinkofthefutureofChina'smannedspaceprogram？A.Uncertain.B.Hopeful.C.Worrying.D.Changeable.（5）Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.ThetrainingforChina'smannedspaceprojectB.ThedesignforChina'smannedspaceprojectC.ThefutureofChina'smannedspaceprogramD.ThehistoryofChina'smannedspaceprogram4．（7.5分）China'sactressDilraba'sfantasticdanceperformanceinCroatia（克羅地亞）attractedviewersbothathomeandabroad.Throughher，theworldcanseetheshiningconfidenceofyoungChinesepeopleaswellasthebeautifulChineseculture.DilrabatravelledtoCroatiawitharealityshow"DivasHittheRoad".Whenthehostaskedhertodescribethedressthatshewaswearing，DilrabasaiditisabeautifulEtlesdressfromXinjiang，China.Etlessilk，withahistoryofmorethanathousandyears，isregardedastheculturalmixturebetweenChinaandtheneighboringcountries.ThevideowhichshowsDilrabaperformingXinjiangdancehasbeenwidelyspreadonline.AnditwasrepostedbymanyChinesediplomats（外交官）andgotmanylikesabroad."Dilraba，wearingChineseXinjiangclothinganddancingXinjiangdance，isshiningbrightly，"WangWenbin，aspokesmanfromtheChineseForeignMinistrywrotewhilerepostingthevideoonsocialmedia.Earlier，therealityshowtookDilrabaalongwithanumberofgueststoSaudiArabia（沙特阿拉伯）.AfterthetourinSaudiArabiawasshownonsocialmedia，awaveof"SilkRoad"heatwassetoff，andthehugeeffectoftheprogramalsoraisedtheglobalviewers'stronginterestinSilkRoadculture.TheprogramisdesignedtotravelacrosstheEurasiancontinentfor28days，goingthroughthreecountries，SaudiArabia，CroatiaandIceland，enjoyingthebeautifulsceneryanddifferentculturesofdifferentcountries，visitingandunderstandingmanyjointprojectsunderthe"BeltandRoad"initiative（"一帶一路"倡議）.（1）WhatdoesDilraba'sEtlesdressshow？A.Thecultureoftherealityshow.B.Theresultofculturalexchange.C.ThemodernfashiondesigninChina.D.ThedevelopmentofXinjiang，China.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph3referto？A.Thedancevideo.B.Theculturaltour.C.Thebeautifuldress.D.Therealityshow.（3）Whatcanweinfer（推斷）fromParagraph4？A.Theviewersshowedmuchinterestinalltheguests.B.TheviewersshowedlittleinterestinSilkRoadcultureC.TheviewersmaywatchtheprogramonlyonTV.D.TheviewersmaystartajourneyalongtheSilkRoad.（4）Whatcantheguestsoftherealityshowdoduringthe28﹣dayjourney？①GothroughthreeAsiancountries.②Experiencedifferentcultures.③Enjoythebeautifulscenery.④Designmanyjointprojects.A.①③B.②④C.②③D.①④（5）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？A.ThebeginningandeffectoftheSilkRoad.B.Adanceperformancewithculturalconfidence.C.AshiningyoungactressfromXinjiang，China.D.Aprojectunderthe"BeltandRoad"initiative.5．（10分）請(qǐng)閱讀下面的短文，并從下列方框里的六個(gè)句子中選擇五個(gè)還原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、連貫。A.AIwilltaketheplaceofteacherstogivelessons.B.Somestudentswhounderstandthingsrightawaycanfindmoredifficultones.C.Teacherscanfindpicturesorvideosthattheycanpresenttostudentseasily.D.Technologyprovidesparentswithmorechancestotakepartinchildren'slearning.E.Teachers，students，andparentsallbenefit（受益）fromtheseonlineresources.F.Butwhentechnologyisusedwell，itcanhelpimproveeducation.Weoftenhearaboutthebadeffectsoflongscreentimeandthedangersofsocialmedia，especiallywhenitcomestolearning.（1）Onlinetoolscanhelpstudentslearnmoreandbetter.Somestudentsmightfinishanonlineactivitywithfeedback（反饋）atonce，sotheyknowiftheyareontherighttrack.（2）Otherstudentscanhelptheirclassmateswiththeuseoftechnology.Theycanaskquestionsinrealtime，bothathomeandatschoolthroughtheInternet.（3）Parentscangetrealtimeupdatesontheirchildren'sgradesandevenclassroombehaviorreports.Whenparentsplayaroleineducation，studentsaremorelikelytosucceed.Technologyiswelcomedbyteachers，becauseitoffersplentyof（mostlyfree）tools.（4）Inthisway，technologyhelpsteacherssavetimeandmoney.Technologyisatoolthatcanimproveeducationinmanyways.（5）Itisreallyapowerfultool.信息匹配6．（7.5分）下面的材料A～F分別介紹了《永樂大典》六個(gè)分卷內(nèi)容。請(qǐng)根據(jù)Fiona，Ben，Henry，Booby和Maggie五位交換學(xué)生的需求，選擇最適合他們閱讀的分卷（volume）。A.Volume14219offerspeoplefantasticinformationaboutmountainsandrivers.Therearelotsofpictures.Itisamust﹣readbooktothosewholoveGeography.B.Volume13965bringsyousomethingaboutdifferentkindsofoperaindifferentperiodsofChina.YoucanunderstandmoreabouttheChineseopera.C.Volume2130isaperfectguidetoChineseancientmedicine!Itisfullofpracticalmedicalskillsandwaystohelpthesickpeople.D.SomevolumesaboutDancewillleadyoutothedancingworld.Thereyoucangettoknowthedevelopmentoffamousdancesinhistory.E.InthevolumeaboutFarming，youwilldiscoverhowpeopleusethe24solartermsforfarming.ThewisdomofancientChinesepeopleinagricultureistrulyamazing.F.FromVolume2272toVolume2274，youcangetageneralideaaboutthepoems.Youcanfindpoemsondifferentthemessuchasnature，love，familyandsoon.（1）Fionaisakindgirl.Shewantstolearnmoreandbeadoctortohelpothers.（2）Ben'sfavoritesubjectisGeography.Helikestravellingverymuch.（3）HenryisinterestedinChineseoperaandthatiswhyhecomestoChina.（4）Bobbyhasagreenthumb.Helikesreadingbooksaboutfarmingandplanting.（5）MaggielikesChinesepoems.Shewantstofindsomepoemsaboutmountainsandrivers.語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空，并將答案寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上7．（10分）Therearemanybeautifulbridgesintheworld.Twoofthemaremorethan1，000yearsoldandreallyworth（1）（visit）!ThefirstoneistheZhaozhouBridgeinChina.Itisfamous（2）itsdesignandshape.Itsdesignisveryspecialandclever.Thebridgeis50meterslongand10metershighwith28arches.Therearenonails（3）cement（水泥）inthebridge，onlystones.Thestoneshavedifferentshapesandsizessotheyfittogether（4）（perfect）.Sofar，it（5）（experience）manynaturaldisasters，suchasfloodsandearthquakesthroughouthistory，butitisstillthere.Itsshapeislike（6）smilewhichmeansgoodluck.The（7）（two）oneistheArkadikoBridgeinGreece.Itisabout22meterslongand5meterswide.Thisbridgeseemsmuch（8）（small）.Itislesswideformorepeople（9）（walk）onit，however，itwastheonlywaypeoplecouldcrosstheriverinthepast.Everyyear，many（10）（tour）visitthetwobridgesandtakephotos.ThesetwobridgesarenotonlyimportantpartsoftheWorldCulturalHeritagebutalsosymbolsofhumanwisdomandcreativity.書面表達(dá)8．（15分）為培養(yǎng)學(xué)生英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)興趣，弘揚(yáng)中華傳統(tǒng)文化，上周你的學(xué)校舉行了"用英語(yǔ)講好中國(guó)故事"的主題活動(dòng)。假如你是你校英文報(bào)小記者李華，請(qǐng)你以"TellingChinesestories，spreadingtraditionalculture"為題，寫一篇報(bào)道，介紹此次活動(dòng)。要點(diǎn)：（1）活動(dòng)目的。（2）活動(dòng)內(nèi)容：①講述故事：用英語(yǔ)講述中國(guó)故事（如：孔融讓梨等）；②演講比賽：用英語(yǔ)演講傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日（如：春節(jié)等）；③制作美食：體驗(yàn)制作傳統(tǒng)美食（如：餃子等）。（3）收獲與感受。要求：（1）80詞左右，開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)內(nèi)；（2）文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和校名；（3）可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使條理清楚、行文連貫；（4）標(biāo)點(diǎn)正確，書面整潔。參考詞匯：主題活動(dòng)themeevent傳播spreadTellingChineseStoriesSpreadingTraditionalCultureTheeventaboutChinesetraditionalcultureheldinourschoolwentwelllastweek.______

2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省深圳市龍崗區(qū)八年級(jí)（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷參考答案與試題解析完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母編號(hào)涂黑。1．（10分）Sanohasbecometheoldestsurfer（沖浪者）intheworld.It'smore（1）Cthathestartedthesportattheageof80andbecamethe"World'sOldestSurfer"oftheGuinnessWorldRecordsinJuly2022.Manypeoplethinkthatsurfingisasportforthe（2）B，butSanoshowsthatpeopleofallagescanenjoyit.Sanostartedtakingsurfinglessons9yearsago.That'sbecausehewantedto（3）Dhimselfaswellasstayinshape.Hewas（4）Abyabankworker.Thebankworkerlookedtan（曬黑的）anddidn'tseemlikeanofficeworkeratall.Themantoldhimthathis（5）Dwassurfing，soSanodecidedtogiveitatry.Sano'scoachwassurprisedaboutSano'sstrong（6）Ctolearnhowtosurf.HewasalsoworriedthatSanomightgethurtinthepractice.Tohissurprise，Sano（7）Atobeasgoodastheman'syoungstudents.Sanosaid，"Peopletellmesurfingisdangerous，butIhavemore（8）Bmomentsinacarthanonasurfboard!HoldingtheGuinnessWorldRecordscertificate，IfeelforthefirsttimeIhavebeenthoughttobe（9）Aforsomething.Frommyexperiences，Ithinkit'sthecan﹣doattitudethatwillgetyouthere.Soit's（10）Dtoolatetotrysomethingnew.Pleasefollowwhatyoulove，nomatterwhatdifficultiesmaystandinyourway."（1）A.excitingB.interestingC.amazingD.relaxing（2）A.oldB.youngC.richD.poor（3）A.protectB.controlC.punishD.challenge（4）A.encouragedB.comparedC.respectedD.chosen（5）A.abilityB.prizeC.careerD.secret（6）A.voiceB.supportC.wishD.arm（7）A.turnedoutB.watchedoutC.foundoutD.lookedout（8）A.boringB.terribleC.pleasantD.forgettable（9）A.successfulB.creativeC.seriousD.complete（10）A.alwaysB.sometimesC.seldomD.never【解答】（1）考查形容詞辨析。句意：更令人驚嘆的是，他在80歲時(shí)開始這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，并在2022年7月成為吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄的"世界上最年長(zhǎng)的沖浪運(yùn)動(dòng)員"。A.exciting令人興奮的；B.interesting有趣的；C.amazing令人吃驚的；D.relaxing令人放松的。根據(jù)hestartedthesportattheageof80andbecamethe"World'sOldestSurfer"oftheGuinnessWorldRecordsinJuly2022.（他在80歲時(shí)開始這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，并在2022年7月成為吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄的"世界上最年長(zhǎng)的沖浪運(yùn)動(dòng)員"）可知，這是令人驚嘆的，故選C。（2）考查形容詞辨析。句意：許多人認(rèn)為沖浪是年輕人的運(yùn)動(dòng)，但Sano表明所有年齡的人都可以享受它。A.old舊的；B.young年輕的；C.rich富有的；D.poor貧窮的。根據(jù)butSanoshowsthatpeopleofallagescanenjoyit（Sano表明所有年齡的人都可以享受它。）可知，沖浪是年輕人的運(yùn)動(dòng)，故選B。（3）考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：那是因?yàn)樗胩魬?zhàn)自我并保持身材。A.protect保護(hù)；B.control控制；C.punish懲罰；D.challenge挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)butSanoshowsthatpeopleofallagescanenjoyit（Sano表明所有年齡的人都可以享受它。）可知，他想挑戰(zhàn)自我，故選D。（4）考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：一位銀行工作人員鼓勵(lì)了他。A.encouraged鼓勵(lì)；B.compared比較；C.respected尊重；D.chosen選擇。根據(jù)Themantoldhimthathis（5）wassurfing，soSanodecidedtogiveitatry.（這個(gè)人告訴他他的秘訣是沖浪，所以Sano決定試一試。）可知，受到銀行工作人員的鼓勵(lì)，故選A。（5）考查名詞辨析。句意：這個(gè)人告訴他他的秘訣是沖浪，所以Sano決定試一試。A.ability能力；B.prize獎(jiǎng)賞；C.career事業(yè)；D.secret秘密。根據(jù)Thebankworkerlookedtan（曬黑的）anddidn'tseemlikeanofficeworkeratall.（這位銀行職員看起來(lái)皮膚黝黑，一點(diǎn)也不像上班族。）可知，他告訴Sano，他的秘決是沖浪，故選D。（6）考查名詞辨析。句意：Sano的教練對(duì)Sano學(xué)習(xí)沖浪的強(qiáng)烈愿望感到驚訝。A.voice嗓音；B.support支持；C.wish愿望；D.arm胳膊。根據(jù)Sano'scoachwassurprised（Sano的教練非常吃驚）可知，對(duì)于他學(xué)習(xí)沖浪的強(qiáng)烈的愿望感到很吃驚，故選C。（7）考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：令他驚訝的是，Sano竟然和這個(gè)人的年輕學(xué)生一樣優(yōu)秀。A.turnedout證明是；B.watchedout小心；C.foundout查明；D.lookedout小心。根據(jù)Tohissurprise（使他感到吃驚的是）可知，Sano竟然和這個(gè)人的年輕學(xué)生一樣優(yōu)秀，故選A。（8）考查形容詞辨析。句意：人們告訴我沖浪很危險(xiǎn)，但我在車?yán)锏慕?jīng)歷比在沖浪板上更可怕！A.boring令人厭煩的；B.terrible糟糕的；C.pleasant令人愉快的；D.forgettable易被忘記的。根據(jù)Peopletellmesurfingisdangerous（人們告訴我沖浪很危險(xiǎn)）可知，我以前在車?yán)锏慕?jīng)歷更刺激，故選B。（9）考查形容詞辨析。句意：拿著吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄證書，我第一次覺得自己被認(rèn)為是成功的。A.successful成功的；B.creative有創(chuàng)造性的；C.serious嚴(yán)肅的；D.complete完全的。根據(jù)HoldingtheGuinnessWorldRecordscertificate（拿著吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄證書）可知，他被他人認(rèn)可，所以感到自己是成功的，故選A。（10）考查副詞辨析。句意：所以嘗試新事物永遠(yuǎn)都不晚。A.always一直；B.sometimes有時(shí)；C.seldom很少；D.never從不。根據(jù)Frommyexperiences，Ithinkit'sthecan﹣doattitudethatwillgetyouthere.（從我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)看，我認(rèn)為是"我能行"的態(tài)度會(huì)讓你成功。）可知，嘗試新鮮事物永遠(yuǎn)不晚，故選D。閱讀理解閱讀短文，從下面每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母編號(hào)涂黑。2．（7.5分）ArcticfoxesliveonthelandandseaicewithintheArcticCircle（北極圈）.WinterintheArcticisquitedifferent.FromOctobertoFebruary，thesunneverrisestoshinewarmthandlight.Luckily，thesesmallfoxeshaveawonderfulabilitytoliveintheicyArctic.Theirthickfurcoatandlong，furrytailskeepthebodywarm.Theirfeetalsohavethickfur，likebuilt﹣insnowboots.Thismakestheirprey（獵物）hardertoheartheirfootsteps.Andtheirwhitecoatsmakeitdifficultforpredatorssuchaswolves，polarbears，andgoldeneaglestofindthemamongtheiceandsnow.Whenit'snottryingtokeepwarmoravoidpredators，anArcticfoxisonthehuntforfood.Theyprefertoeatsmalllemmings，butwhentimesaredifficultthey'lleatwhatevertheycanfind：insects，berries，andeventhedroppingsofotheranimals.Sometimesanarcticfoxwillfollowapolarbearonahuntingtripandeatthebear'sleftovers.Ifafoxcan'tfindfood，oriftheweathergetsreallybad，itcandigaden（獸穴）andrestinsideforuptotwoweeks.Whenafoxiswarm，itcanslowdownitsheartrateandmetabolism（新陳代謝）.Thishelpstheanimalsaveenergysoitdoesn'thavetoeatasmuch.Oncetheanimalcomesoutofitsden，it'lltrytohuntagain.Withfoodinitsbelly，theArcticfoxhasabetterchanceofmakingitthroughanotherlong，darkwinter.（1）WhatistheweathermostlylikeinwinterintheArctic？AA.Coldanddark.B.Warmandbright.C.Coldandbright.D.Warmanddark.（2）WhatcanhelptheArcticfoxeshuntforfoodmoreeasily？DA.Theirfurrycoats.B.Theirwhitecoats.C.Theirlongtails.D.Theirfurryfeet.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"avoid"inparagraph3probablymean？CA.Getcloseto.B.Runafter.C.Keepawayfrom.D.Dependon.（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？CA.Arcticfoxesonlyliveoninsects.B.Arcticfoxesaredangerousanimals.C.Arcticfoxescanstayaliveinwinter.D.Arcticfoxeskeepfoodintheirdens.（5）Whatisthestructureofthepassage？DA.B.C.D.【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段FromOctobertoFebruary，thesunneverrisestoshinewarmthandlight.（從十月到二月，太陽(yáng)從不升起，無(wú)法提供溫暖和光線。）可知，北極冬天的天氣一般是寒冷且黑暗的。故選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Theirfeetalsohavethickfur，likebuilt﹣insnowboots.Thismakestheirpreyhardertoheartheirfootsteps.（它們的腳也有厚厚的皮毛，就像內(nèi)置的雪地靴。這使得它們的獵物更難聽到它們的腳步聲）可知，它們毛茸茸的腳可以幫助北極狐更容易地尋找食物。故選D。（3）詞義猜測(cè)題，根據(jù)第三段Whenit'snottryingtokeepwarmoravoidpredators，anArcticfoxisonthehuntforfood.（當(dāng)北極狐不試圖保暖或躲避捕食者時(shí)，它就會(huì)去尋找食物。）可知，avoid的意思是"躲避"，等同于Keepawayfrom。故選C。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Withfoodinitsbelly，theArcticfoxhasabetterchanceofmakingitthroughanotherlong，darkwinter.（有了肚子里的食物，北極狐更有可能度過(guò)又一個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)而黑暗的冬天。）可知，選項(xiàng)C"北極狐可以在冬天存活。"描述正確。故選C。（5）篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文，可知第一段提到了北極狐并介紹了北極的氣候；第二段介紹了北極狐的生存能力；第三段介紹了北極狐的喜歡的食物；第四段介紹了北極狐沒有食物時(shí)的應(yīng)對(duì)方式；第五段介紹了北極狐再次走出洞穴，進(jìn)行捕獵，因此選項(xiàng)D是本文的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D。3．（7.5分）Thisyearmarksthe20thanniversary（周年紀(jì)念）ofChina'sfirstmannedspacemission，withYangLiweibecomingthefirstChineseastronauttogotospace.Sincethen，Chinahassentanother19astronautsintospace.Doyoudreamofbeinganastronaut？Howdidtheymakeit？Inspace，changesintheenvironmentandlonelinesstestthemindsandbodiesofastronauts.So，thetrainingforastronautsisveryhard."Astronautstakeover200differenttrainingsubjectsbeforegoingtospace，"HuangWeifen，chiefdesignerofChina'smannedspaceproject，toldCCTVNews.Theseincludescienceandmindhealthclasses.Themosttiringoneisunderwatertraining.Astronautsstayunderthewaterinclothesforsixhoursatatime.Theclothesareheavierthan100kilograms.Theheavyclothesmakeeverymovehard."Anastronautoncesaidhelosttwokilogramsafteroneunderwaterexercise，"saidHuang.Eachastronautdoestrainingforatleastthreeandahalfyearsbeforegettingthechancetogotospace.Thisyear，Chinaisfindingnewpeopletobethefourthgroupofastronauts.ThefirstandsecondgroupsofChineseastronautswereallfromtheChinesePeople'sLiberationArmyAirForce（中國(guó)人民解放軍空軍）.However，inthethirdgroup，commonpeoplecouldalsobecomeastronauts.Theyareexpertsandcandosciencestudiesinspace.Theydon'tneedtohave"perfect"bodieslikepilotastronauts.Overthepasttwodecades，China'smannedspaceprogramhasachievedveryimportantstagesandwearealllookingforwardtothenextleapofChina'smannedspaceprogram.（1）HowmanyChineseastronautshavereachedspace？AA.20.B.19.C.17.D.15.（2）Whichisthemostdifficulttrainingforastronauts？DA.Mindhealthclasses.B.Scienceclasses.C.Weighttraining.D.Underwatertraining.（3）Whomaybecomemembersofthefourthgroupofastronauts？CA.SoldiersfromtheAirForceafteroneyear'straining.B.Farmerswithstrongbodiesafterthreeyears'training.C.Expertswithscientificabilitiesafterfouryears'training.D.Teacherswithmuchexperienceaftertwoyears'training.（4）WhatdoesthewriterthinkofthefutureofChina'smannedspaceprogram？BA.Uncertain.B.Hopeful.C.Worrying.D.Changeable.（5）Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？AA.ThetrainingforChina'smannedspaceprojectB.ThedesignforChina'smannedspaceprojectC.ThefutureofChina'smannedspaceprogramD.ThehistoryofChina'smannedspaceprogram【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Thisyearmarksthe20thanniversary（周年紀(jì)念）ofChina'sfirstmannedspacemission，withYangLiweibecomingthefirstChineseastronauttogotospace.Sincethen，Chinahassentanother19astronautsintospace.（今年是中國(guó)首次載人航天飛行任務(wù)20周年，楊利偉成為首位登上太空的中國(guó)宇航員。從那時(shí)起，中國(guó)又將19名宇航員送入太空。）可知，有20位中國(guó)宇航員已經(jīng)進(jìn)入太空。故選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Themosttiringoneisunderwatertraining.Astronautsstayunderthewaterinclothesforsixhoursatatime.Theclothesareheavierthan100kilograms.Theheavyclothesmakeeverymovehard."Anastronautoncesaidhelosttwokilogramsafteroneunderwaterexercise，"saidHuang.（最累的是水下訓(xùn)練。宇航員一次穿著衣服在水下呆六個(gè)小時(shí)。這些衣服比100公斤重。厚重的衣服使每一個(gè)動(dòng)作都很艱難。黃說(shuō)："一位宇航員曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)，他在一次水下運(yùn)動(dòng)后瘦了兩公斤。"）可知，宇航員最難的訓(xùn)練是水下訓(xùn)練。故選D。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Eachastronautdoestrainingforatleastthreeandahalfyearsbeforegettingthechancetogotospace.（每個(gè)宇航員都要經(jīng)過(guò)至少三年半的訓(xùn)練才能有機(jī)會(huì)進(jìn)入太空。）可知，經(jīng)過(guò)四年培訓(xùn)，具備科學(xué)能力的專家可能成為第四組宇航員的成員。故選C。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Overthepasttwodecades，China'smannedspaceprogramhasachievedveryimportantstagesandwearealllookingforwardtothenextleapofChina'smannedspaceprogram.（近二十年來(lái)，中國(guó)載人航天工程已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了非常重要的階段，我們都期待著中國(guó)載人航天事業(yè)的下一個(gè)飛躍。）可知，作者對(duì)中國(guó)載人航天工程的未來(lái)充滿希望。故選B。（5）標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)第一段Doyoudreamofbeinganastronaut？Howdidtheymakeit？（你夢(mèng)想成為一名宇航員嗎？他們是怎么做到的？）可知，文章的最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)是"中國(guó)載人航天工程培訓(xùn)"。故選A。4．（7.5分）China'sactressDilraba'sfantasticdanceperformanceinCroatia（克羅地亞）attractedviewersbothathomeandabroad.Throughher，theworldcanseetheshiningconfidenceofyoungChinesepeopleaswellasthebeautifulChineseculture.DilrabatravelledtoCroatiawitharealityshow"DivasHittheRoad".Whenthehostaskedhertodescribethedressthatshewaswearing，DilrabasaiditisabeautifulEtlesdressfromXinjiang，China.Etlessilk，withahistoryofmorethanathousandyears，isregardedastheculturalmixturebetweenChinaandtheneighboringcountries.ThevideowhichshowsDilrabaperformingXinjiangdancehasbeenwidelyspreadonline.AnditwasrepostedbymanyChinesediplomats（外交官）andgotmanylikesabroad."Dilraba，wearingChineseXinjiangclothinganddancingXinjiangdance，isshiningbrightly，"WangWenbin，aspokesmanfromtheChineseForeignMinistrywrotewhilerepostingthevideoonsocialmedia.Earlier，therealityshowtookDilrabaalongwithanumberofgueststoSaudiArabia（沙特阿拉伯）.AfterthetourinSaudiArabiawasshownonsocialmedia，awaveof"SilkRoad"heatwassetoff，andthehugeeffectoftheprogramalsoraisedtheglobalviewers'stronginterestinSilkRoadculture.TheprogramisdesignedtotravelacrosstheEurasiancontinentfor28days，goingthroughthreecountries，SaudiArabia，CroatiaandIceland，enjoyingthebeautifulsceneryanddifferentculturesofdifferentcountries，visitingandunderstandingmanyjointprojectsunderthe"BeltandRoad"initiative（"一帶一路"倡議）.（1）WhatdoesDilraba'sEtlesdressshow？AA.Thecultureoftherealityshow.B.Theresultofculturalexchange.C.ThemodernfashiondesigninChina.D.ThedevelopmentofXinjiang，China.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph3referto？AA.Thedancevideo.B.Theculturaltour.C.Thebeautifuldress.D.Therealityshow.（3）Whatcanweinfer（推斷）fromParagraph4？DA.Theviewersshowedmuchinterestinalltheguests.B.TheviewersshowedlittleinterestinSilkRoadcultureC.TheviewersmaywatchtheprogramonlyonTV.D.TheviewersmaystartajourneyalongtheSilkRoad.（4）Whatcantheguestsoftherealityshowdoduringthe28﹣dayjourney？A①GothroughthreeAsiancountries.②Experiencedifferentcultures.③Enjoythebeautifulscenery.④Designmanyjointprojects.A.①③B.②④C.②③D.①④（5）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？BA.ThebeginningandeffectoftheSilkRoad.B.Adanceperformancewithculturalconfidence.C.AshiningyoungactressfromXinjiang，China.D.Aprojectunderthe"BeltandRoad"initiative.【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Whenthehostaskedhertodescribethedressthatshewaswearing，DilrabasaiditisabeautifulEtlesdressfromXinjiang，China.Etlessilk，withahistoryofmorethanathousandyears，isregardedastheculturalmixturebetweenChinaandtheneighboringcountries.（當(dāng)主持人讓她描述自己所穿的裙子時(shí)，迪麗熱巴說(shuō)這是一件來(lái)自中國(guó)新疆的美麗的艾提尕絲連衣裙。艾提尕絲綢有著一千多年的歷史，被視為中國(guó)與周邊國(guó)家的文化融合。）可知，迪麗熱巴的艾提尕絲連衣裙展示了真人秀的文化。故選A。（2）代詞指代題。根據(jù)第三段ThevideowhichshowsDilrabaperformingXinjiangdancehasbeenwidelyspreadonline.AnditwasrepostedbymanyChinesediplomats（外交官）andgotmanylikesabroad."（迪麗熱巴表演新疆舞蹈的視頻在網(wǎng)上廣泛傳播。它被許多中國(guó)外交官轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)，并在國(guó)外獲得了許多贊。）可猜測(cè)出。下劃線單詞應(yīng)是指"舞蹈視頻。"故選A。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Earlier，therealityshowtookDilrabaalongwithanumberofgueststoSaudiArabia（沙特阿拉伯）.AfterthetourinSaudiArabiawasshownonsocialmedia，awaveof"SilkRoad"heatwassetoff，andthehugeeffectofth