Unit1 Listening and Speaking - Reading and Thinking 詞匯精講課堂

版本：新人教單元：必修二Unit1(ListeningandSpeaking—ReadingandThinking)詞匯課堂本單元詞匯梳理1.heritage：詞塊：aworldheritagesite,cultural/historicalheritage2.creative：詞族：create,creative,creatively,creativity,creator3.mount：詞源義是“togetonahorse”，攀上馬背，基本義為“上

升”。意為“爬上”時(shí)是正式用語(yǔ)。詞塊：MountEverest/MountTai4.former：詞塊：theformer…thelatter5.clue：詞塊：aclueto/about/astosth6.preserve：由pre-(before前，先)+-servare(protect保護(hù))構(gòu)成。

詞源義和基本義是“保護(hù)”。

派生詞：preservation7.promote：由pro-(forward向前)+-mot-(move移動(dòng))+-e構(gòu)成。詞源義和基本義是“向前移動(dòng)，向前發(fā)展”。

熟詞生義：晉升；促銷

派生詞：promotion8.app：app是application的縮略形式application：apply(應(yīng)用)+-ic+-ation

詞族：apply,applicant,application

詞塊：ajobapplication,fillin/outanapplication(form)9.takepartin：詞塊：takeanactivepartin10.balance：bi-(two兩個(gè))+lanx(pans盤)→天平→平衡

詞塊：keep/haveabalancebetween...and…,keep/loseone’s

balance,asenseofbalance

派生詞：balanced詞塊：abalanceddiet11.proposal：propose(v提議)+-al詞塊：make/putforwardaproposalthat…(should)dosth12.protest：由pro-(forward向前)+-test-(驗(yàn)證)構(gòu)成，

意為“在……面

前驗(yàn)證”，引申為“抗議”pro-詞綴的詞：promote,progress詞塊：protestagainst13.likely：like+-ly；精準(zhǔn)的漢語(yǔ)釋義：可能的probable

反義詞：unlikely

(不大可能的)

詞塊：sb/sthislikelytodosth,itislikelythat…14.establish：近義詞：setup,open,found(found更強(qiáng)調(diào)注入資金)

詞塊：establishoneselfas

派生詞：established詞塊：anestablishedcompany/fact15.limit：詞塊：aspeed/timelimit,thecitylimits

名詞動(dòng)詞化：詞塊：limitoneself/sthto詞族：limit,limited,limiting,limitation,limitless16.prevent：pre-(before前，先)

+vent(come來(lái))→預(yù)先來(lái)到→預(yù)防同根詞：event,invent,adventure

近義詞：stop；詞塊：preventsb(from)doingsth

17.loss：動(dòng)詞lose的名詞形式；一詞多義：基本義“失去”詞族：lose,loss,lost

詞塊：(be)ataloss,asenseofloss18.contribution：contribute+-tion詞塊：makea(great)contributiontocontribute：con-(together共同)+-tribut-(貢獻(xiàn))+-e；熟詞生義“投稿”

詞塊：contributeto19.department：(醫(yī)院、大學(xué)、公司或政府的)科；系；處；部20.fund：名詞動(dòng)詞化“為……提供資金”21.within：with+in；詞塊：withinreach22.investigate：派生詞：investigation23.issue：issue和exit聯(lián)系密切，詞源義是“goout”，即“出去”24.conduct：詞源義/基本義是“toleadorbringtogether”，即“帶領(lǐng)”conduct是正式用語(yǔ)

詞塊：conductanexperiment/aninterview/asurvey25.donate：詞塊：donate…to…

派生詞：donator,donation26.disappear：dis-+appear；派生詞：disappearance27.attempt：n

詞塊：inanattempttodosth,makeanattempttodosth,atthefirstattemptv

詞塊：attempttodosth=trytodosth28.makesure：makesureof/that從句29.worthwhile：worth+while詞塊：aworthwhilecause,it’sworthwhiledoing/todosth重難點(diǎn)詞精講limit一詞多義

詞族loss搭配義mountlikelypreventattempt一詞多義精準(zhǔn)的漢語(yǔ)釋義搭配義熟詞生義一詞多義promote一詞多義搭配義balance辨析義establishcontribute一詞多義辨析義issueconduct一詞多義一詞多義■

n

(縮寫為Mt)[用于山名前，其前不用冠詞]山；峰：MountEverest/MountTai■

v

vt&vi

[正式用語(yǔ)]爬(上)；騎(上)：Imountedthestepsandlookedaroundmeslowly.

vt組織；安排(arrange)：mountaprotest/anexhibition

vi逐步增加mountmount的詞源義是“togetonahorse”，攀上馬背，引申為“上升”，也是其基本義。

promote特蕾莎修女（嬤嬤）（MotherTeresaofCalcutta，1910－1997），是世界著名的天主教慈善工作者，因其一生致力于消除貧困，于1979年獲得諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)（theNobelPeacePrize）。她在接受諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)時(shí)說(shuō)道：“你能為促進(jìn)世界和平做些什么呢?回家愛你的家人吧?！眕romotevt

促進(jìn)；推動(dòng)tohelpsthtohappenordevelop(encourage)：promoteinternationalcooperationWemustpromoteoriginality,inspirecreativityandencourageinnovation.Goodlisteningcanshowrespect,promoteunderstanding,andimproveinterpersonalrelationship.2008江蘇書面表達(dá)改promote

詞源解讀promote=pro-(forward向前)+-mot-(move移動(dòng))+-e。詞源義是“向前移動(dòng)，向前發(fā)展”。前綴為pro-的詞：progress,protest詞根-mot-的同根詞：motion

[常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)]

晉升：Hehasbeenpromotedto

generalmanager.Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytogetpromoted,Henrydidhisbesttoperformhisduty.2014安徽

促銷；推廣：Whatistheadvertisementpromoting?【詞匯拓展】promotionn[C]&[U]晉升；促銷；[U]促進(jìn)：getapromotion向前發(fā)展（基本義）promotepromote語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖使職位“向前發(fā)展”使某事“向前發(fā)展”晉升促進(jìn)；推動(dòng)促銷；推廣使產(chǎn)品銷售“向前發(fā)展”balancebalance

最初的本意是“天平”。它源自古拉丁語(yǔ)bilanx，由bi（two

，兩個(gè)）+lanx（pans，盤）構(gòu)成，指的就是“由兩個(gè)秤盤構(gòu)成的天平”。后來(lái)，該詞又逐漸衍生出“平衡”的比喻之意，再在財(cái)會(huì)領(lǐng)域中，由“財(cái)務(wù)平衡表的差值”而衍生出“余額”之意。天秤座libra來(lái)自拉丁語(yǔ)，英語(yǔ)中也稱作theBalance。古希臘神話中的公平女神阿斯特賴亞(Astraea)，她手持一架天平(balance)，象征公平公正的原則。后來(lái)眾神之王宙斯將其秤的形象升上天空，用來(lái)警示世人要追求公平、平等，趨善避惡，使其成為天秤（平）座，即libra。balancen

[C]天平；秤：Weighitonthebalance.

[U][常用單數(shù)]

平衡；均衡：keep/loseone’sbalanceAthletesneedagoodsenseofbalance.Ithinkit’simportanttohave

abalancebetweenstudyand

asociallife,soI’mgoingtojoinafewclubs.

[C][常用單數(shù)]

余額；余款：Ihaveabalanceofabout$50,000inmysavingsaccount.【重要搭配】onbalance總的說(shuō)來(lái)：Onbalance,Ithinkwemadetherightdecision.vt&vi(使)保持平衡；(使)

均衡：Thehospitalneedstobalancethebudgeteachyear.Hobbieshelppeoplebalancebetweenworkand

play.Agroupofwomencamealong,eachbalancingapotofwateronherhead.人教新必修③

–2【詞匯拓展】?

balanced

adj

[常用于名詞前]

均衡的：abalanceddiet

balance的語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖使物體“平衡”的工具賬戶上的“平衡”抽象的“平衡”天平；秤平衡；均衡余額；余款平衡(基本義)(使)

保持平衡；(使)

均衡vnNewBalance

1906年，NewBalance創(chuàng)始人WilliamJ.Riley先生在美國(guó)波士頓成立了一家腳弓支撐器公司，專門訂做整形外科的腳弓支撐器和矯正鞋。有一天，他觀察院子里的小雞時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)，小雞的三個(gè)爪子可以保持平衡。他受到啟發(fā)，將這種平衡原理運(yùn)用到腳弓支撐器的設(shè)計(jì)和研發(fā)上，并為其取了一個(gè)名字——NewBalance，NewBalance名字應(yīng)運(yùn)而生并沿用至今。NewBalance還和整形外科有淵源，改變某種缺陷，使其重新達(dá)到平衡(balance)。likely紀(jì)錄片MostLikelytoSucceed《極有可能成功》是關(guān)于HighTechHigh學(xué)校。在這所學(xué)校里，沒有教科書、沒有上下課鈴聲、沒有考試，孩子們每天都忙于一些自主選擇的特定項(xiàng)目，為了一年一度的大型展覽廢寢忘食；結(jié)果是：98%的大學(xué)入學(xué)率。likely反

unlikely■adj[常與more,most連用]可能的probable：Ifyoucanfindsuitablelearningmethods,yourlearningefficiencyislikelytoimprove. 2011上海改①belikelytodosth:Themoreexposedyoungpeoplearetofinancialissues,the

morelikely

theyaretobecomeresponsible.2008上海改注：在不少詞典和詞匯書中給出的likely作形容詞時(shí)的漢語(yǔ)釋義是“很可能的”，并不準(zhǔn)確。likely作形容詞時(shí)，其英語(yǔ)釋義是probable，因此，likely的精準(zhǔn)漢語(yǔ)釋義應(yīng)該是“可能的”。②itislikely+(that)從句：Itislikelythatyoucouldsufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.Ifoneislateforajobinterview,itisnotlikelythathewillgetthejob. 2015陜西

注：likely的主語(yǔ)既可以是人或物，也可以是it。其結(jié)構(gòu)為sb/sthislikelytodosth和itislikely+(that)從句?！?/p>

adv[常與most,more,very連用]可能：Whenonewolfstartstohowl,verylikelyotherswillfollow.2011湖北Notlikely![表示強(qiáng)烈的否定]絕不可能！才不呢！—Wouldshemindplayingagainstherformerteammates?—Notlikely!

2010浙江改adj不太可能的反likely；[只用于名詞前]非想象中的：Imethimatthemostunlikelyplace.①(be)unlikelytodosth:Someonewholacksstayingpowerandperseveranceisunlikelytomakeagoodresearcher.②itisunlikely+(that)從句:It’sunlikelythatshe’llarrivebeforeseven.拓展unlikely創(chuàng)業(yè)start/setupabusinessestablish

abusinessestablishvt

建立；創(chuàng)立；設(shè)立(setup):establishcontact/arelationshipwithThecompanywasestablishedin1980.【辨析】establish公司、機(jī)構(gòu)等（正式用語(yǔ)）setup

公司、機(jī)構(gòu)等（日常用語(yǔ)）found公司、機(jī)構(gòu)等（強(qiáng)調(diào)提供資金）open商店、餐館、旅館等（服務(wù)性質(zhì)）

確立；立足；得到認(rèn)可:By1909,PicassohadestablishedhimselfasapainterofgreattalentinParis.Bythe1920sthefilmindustrywaswellestablishedinHollywood,California.ThisnovelestablishedthereputationhestillenjoystodayasoneofAmerica’sgreatestwriters.?

establishedadj

已確立的；確定的：anestablishedfactanestablishedcompany分詞形容詞（表示動(dòng)作已完成），如advanced,developed,learned等巴勃羅·畢加索（PabloPicasso，1881-1973），西班牙畫家、雕塑家。是現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)的創(chuàng)始人，西方現(xiàn)代派繪畫的主要代表，是當(dāng)代西方最有創(chuàng)造性和影響最深遠(yuǎn)的藝術(shù)家之一。其代表作有《夢(mèng)》(PortraitofD.M)，《和平鴿》(DoveofPeace)，《亞威農(nóng)少女》(Avignongirl)等。文化拓展文化拓展——Hollywood在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)之前以及之后的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，格里菲斯和卓別林等一些電影大師們?yōu)槊绹?guó)電影贏得了世界名譽(yù)，華爾街的大財(cái)團(tuán)插手電影業(yè)。好萊塢電影城由此迅速形成并興起，電影產(chǎn)業(yè)恰恰適應(yīng)了美國(guó)在這一時(shí)期的經(jīng)濟(jì)飛速發(fā)展的需要，電影也進(jìn)一步納入經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)制，成為謀取利潤(rùn)的一部分，資本的雄厚，影片產(chǎn)量的增多，保證了美國(guó)電影市場(chǎng)在世界上的傾銷。洛杉磯郊外的小村莊最終成為一個(gè)龐大的電影城，好萊塢也在無(wú)形中成為美國(guó)電影的代名詞。好萊塢（Hollywood）位于美國(guó)西海岸加利福尼亞州（StateofCalifornia）洛杉磯郊外，是一個(gè)依山傍水，景色宜人的地方。最早是由攝影師尋找外景地時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)的，大約在20世紀(jì)初，這里便吸引了許多拍攝者，而后是一些為了逃避專利公司控制的小公司和獨(dú)立制片商們紛紛涌來(lái)，逐漸形成了一個(gè)電影中心。【限量版limitededition】“限量版”一直是時(shí)尚圈的熱門詞。一些大牌化妝品每年都會(huì)推出諸如限量版口紅、限量版彩妝盒一類的產(chǎn)品；高檔皮具也會(huì)有“限量版”的包包，手機(jī)、汽車甚至唱片公司也常常有各式各樣的“限量版”。名詞[C]limit

界限；邊界：inthecitylimits

限度；限制：atime/speedlimitEvenbelowthedrinkinglimit,drivingwillbeaffected.2011

福建基本義

極限：Thelimitsofaperson’sintelligencearefixedatbirth,butwhetherhereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.

2012安徽TheEUhasset

strictlimitsonlevelsofpollution.【重要搭配】withinlimits在某種范圍內(nèi)；適度地：I’mwillingtohelp,withinlimits.vt限制；限定：Ibelieveteachingshouldnotbelimitedtotheclassroom.Ilimitmyselftotwocupsofcoffeeaday.limit名詞動(dòng)化limit語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)界限；邊界limit基本義地區(qū)或地方的“界限”“邊界”數(shù)量上的“界限”“邊界”狀態(tài)上的“界限”“邊界”界限；邊界限度；限制極限限制；限定nv【limit

詞族】limitlimitationlimitinglimitlesslimitedlimiting

adj限制性的：Lackofcashisalimitingfactor.現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞表示主動(dòng)含義，注意與limited的區(qū)別limited

adj有限的；不多的：ABCCompanyLimited/ABCCo.,Ltd.Thisdictionaryusesalimitednumberofwords,around2,000,initsdefinitions.Theamountofmoneywehaveislimited.過(guò)去分詞形容詞表示被動(dòng)含義limitation

n[U]&[C]限制；局限：thelimitationofnuclearweapons

limitless

adj無(wú)限(制)

的：limitlesspossibilities

limit+-ationlimit+-lesspreventvt

阻止；預(yù)防；防止：Inthiswaywepreventedthespreadofthisdisease.preventsb/sth(from)doingsth:Thereweremanywaystopreventthisfromhappening.2008廣東改Pollutionpreventspeoplefromseeingobjectsintheskythattheycouldseequiteeasilyinthepast.2013天津改?preventionn[U]防止；預(yù)防：Preventionisbetterthancure.詞源：pre-(before前，先)

+vent(come來(lái))→預(yù)先來(lái)到→預(yù)防同根詞：event,invent,adventure1.Havinglosthisfather,Roybecameveryunhappy.

2.I

lostmywayinthenetworkoftinyalleys.3.ArgentinalosttoGermaninthe2014FIFAWorldCup.4.Thecompanylostheavilybecauseofwrongjudgment.5.Ilostthelastsentenceofhisspeech.6.Comeon,there’snotimetolose.lose(lost,lost)vt

失去；丟失；喪失loss抽象名詞由動(dòng)詞lose轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)輸給迷路失去損失沒聽清沒時(shí)間磨蹭

失去；喪失(基本義)

vt&vi(使)

虧損；(使)

損失失去錢失去比賽失去方向和路線

vt&vi輸?shù)?/p>

vt迷失；使迷路失去時(shí)間或者機(jī)遇等

vt錯(cuò)過(guò)；浪費(fèi)lose語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖loseoneselfin專心于；全神貫注于：Shelistenedattentivelytothemusic,losingherselfinitsbeauty.(be)lostin沉湎于；專注于：Hewaslostinhisbooksanddidnotnoticemycoming.Lostinthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.?loser

n[C]失敗者；輸家lossn[C]&[U]

遺失；失去；喪失：asenseoflosshair/hearing/weightlosslossofmemory/memoryloss

死亡；去世：Iwastryingtorecoverfromthelossofmyfather.

虧損；損失：profitandlossThecompanymadealossof$100,000lastyear.Ifsheleaves,itwillbea

biglosstotheschool.(be)ataloss感到迷惑；不知所措：Weareatalossastowhatkindofbusinesstostart.Theirsnowymountaintopsformabeautifulpicturethatwillleaveyouatalossforwords(=unabletothinkwhattosay). lose&losslose失去；丟失；喪失

迷失；使迷路

錯(cuò)過(guò)；浪費(fèi)

(使)虧損；(使)損失

輸?shù)鬺oss遺失；失去；喪失死亡；去世虧損；損失contributetribe由tri（three，

三）+-be構(gòu)成，來(lái)自拉丁語(yǔ)tribus,部落、宗族、地區(qū)，特指古羅馬城邦三個(gè)宗族集團(tuán)——Latins(拉丁人)，Sabines(薩賓人)，Etruscans(伊特魯里亞人)

。tribe

(部落)→tribute貢品、貢金con-

(一起)+tribute→contribute(一起把貢品獻(xiàn)給……)→貢獻(xiàn)contribute由con-+-tribute構(gòu)成。contributev

vt&vi貢獻(xiàn)；捐助；捐獻(xiàn)：Itwasgenerousofhertocontributesuchalargesumofmoney.contribute(sth)tosth:ImmigrantshavecontributedtoAmericancultureinmanyways.contribute(money)totheRedCrossHenevercontributes(ideas)tothediscussion.

vi

造成/促使(某事發(fā)生)

tohelptomakesthhappen：Alcoholcontributesto100,000deathsayearintheUS.Stressisacontributingfactorinmanyillnesses.

vt&vi投(稿)；撰(稿)：Shecontributedanumberofarticlestothemagazine.contributionn[C]

貢獻(xiàn)：IadmireEdisonalotbecausehemadeagreatcontributiontotheworld.

捐款；捐獻(xiàn)物：Igaveacontributionof$100to/towardthechurch.2008湖南書面表達(dá)改

稿件；作品：Thisisamagazinewithcontributionsfromwell-knowntravelwriters.?contributorn[C]捐款人；撰稿人；起作用的因素同結(jié)構(gòu)：waytosth,keytosth,solutiontosth二者均可表示“捐獻(xiàn)”，其后均可接to。表示捐錢或衣物時(shí)，二者可互換使用。?Itismoremeaningfultodonate/contributebooksandsportsgoodstochildreninneed.2013

江蘇改donate

還有“獻(xiàn)血”之意。?Manypeoplehavedonatedthattypeofblood.2012北京contribute側(cè)重指“貢獻(xiàn)”，通常指貢獻(xiàn)財(cái)力、物力、智力等。此外，contribute

還可表示“促成”、“起作用”、“投稿”的意思。?Ibelievethateachofuscancontributetothefutureoftheworld.?Honestyandhardworkcontributetosuccessandhappiness.?Thescientistoftencontributestoanacademicjournal.辨

donate,contributecontribute語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖貢獻(xiàn)contribute(基本義)“貢獻(xiàn)”人力、物力、財(cái)力等為某事的發(fā)生做“貢獻(xiàn)”“貢獻(xiàn)”稿件等貢獻(xiàn)；捐助；捐獻(xiàn)造成/促使(某事發(fā)生)

投

(稿)；撰(稿)貢獻(xiàn)contribution捐款；捐獻(xiàn)物稿件；作品J.K.Rowling’snovelHarryPottermadeagreatcontributiontotheworldliterature.Shehascontributed

alotofmoneyto

thecharitysinceshebecamerich.Toinspireotherwriters,shesharedsomerejectionlettersfromthepublishers.Thoseletters

related

to

The

Cuckoo’sCalling.J.K.Rowlingcontributed

thenoveltoamagazineunderthe

name

ofGalbraith

without

revealing

her

true

identity.

Itwasrejectedbyseveralpublishers,andRowlingwasevenadvisedtotakeawritingcourse.WhenTheCuckoo’sCallingeventuallyfoundapublisherin2013,itwasachievingrespectablesalesbeforethesecretofitsauthorshipbroke,anditcontributedto

thenovelreachingthetopofthebestsellerlists.年齡無(wú)關(guān)乎物質(zhì),只關(guān)乎心靈。如果自己不介意,那么沒人會(huì)在意?！R克·吐溫馬克·吐溫(MarkTwain，1835-1910)，美國(guó)作家、演說(shuō)家，美國(guó)批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義文學(xué)的奠基人。代表作品有小說(shuō)《百萬(wàn)英鎊》(TheMillionPoundNote)、《湯姆·索亞歷險(xiǎn)記》(TheAdventuresofTomSawyer)等。issue詞源解讀issue和exit聯(lián)系密切，詞源義是“goout”，即“出去”。issuen[C]

議題；爭(zhēng)論的問題

(尤指社會(huì)或政治方面)

animportanttopicthat’sdiscussedorarguedabout：

Theenvironmentalissueisaworldwideproblem.Foodsafetyisanimportantissueinvolvingthepublichealth.

(令人擔(dān)憂的)問題aproblemorworrythatsbhaswithsth：

Moneyisnotanissue.

(報(bào)刊的)號(hào)；版次：

theJanuaryissueofNewsweek側(cè)重指引起爭(zhēng)議的“議題”issuevt

公布；發(fā)布：Theministerissuedastatementtothepress.

(正式)

發(fā)給；供給：issue

warmclothingtothesurvivors/issuethesurvivorswith

warmclothingissueapassport/visa

正式發(fā)行：issueamagazineissueasetofstamps注意：issue是學(xué)術(shù)詞匯，常用于比較嚴(yán)肅的說(shuō)明文或比較正式的文體中。issue語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖出去基本義被拿“出去”討論的問題表現(xiàn)“出去”的令人擔(dān)憂的的問題發(fā)行“出去”的報(bào)刊等議題；爭(zhēng)論的問題(令人擔(dān)憂的)問題(報(bào)刊的)號(hào)；版次n發(fā)行公布；發(fā)布(正式)

發(fā)給；供給v_____________________

(做)anexperimentdo/carryout/正式用語(yǔ)根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。conductconduct

con-(with,together)+-duct(tolead)→引導(dǎo)，帶領(lǐng)同根詞：educate:e-(out)+ducere(tolead)→leadout

(引導(dǎo)出來(lái)，啟發(fā))product:pro-向前+-duct引導(dǎo)→向前引導(dǎo)conduct詞源解讀conduct的詞源義是“toleadorbringtogether”，即“帶領(lǐng)”，這也是它的基本義。conductv

vt[正式用語(yǔ)]

引導(dǎo)；帶領(lǐng)toleadorguidesbthroughoraroundaplace：TheguideconductedusaroundtheWestLake.

vt&vi指揮(軍隊(duì)、樂隊(duì)等)：Myfriendwenthome,leavingmetoconducttheband.

vt[正式用語(yǔ)]

實(shí)施；管理；進(jìn)行toorganizeordoaparticularactivity：conductanexperiment/aninterview/asurveySofarwehaveconductedavarietyofactivitiesonEnglishlearning.2010湖南書面表達(dá)

vt

[正式用語(yǔ)]

舉止；表現(xiàn)：Makesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighborshould.2018浙江conductn[U][正式用語(yǔ)]

行為；舉止(behaviour)：Confuciussuggestedaprinciplefortheconductoflife:“Donotdotootherswhatyouwouldnotwantotherstodotoyou.”2010江西改

經(jīng)營(yíng)方式；管理方式；組織方式：Hisconductofthebusinesswasverysuccessful.【詞匯拓展】conductorn[C]

(合唱團(tuán)、管弦樂隊(duì)等的)指揮

(BrE)(公共汽車)售票員；(AmE)列車長(zhǎng)文化拓展孔子（Confucius，公元前551年―公元前479年），子姓，孔氏，名丘，字仲尼，春秋末期魯國(guó)陬邑（今山東曲阜）人，中國(guó)古代思想家、教育家，儒家學(xué)派創(chuàng)始人?？鬃娱_創(chuàng)了私人講學(xué)之風(fēng)，倡導(dǎo)仁義禮智信。有弟子三千，其中賢人七十二。他曾帶領(lǐng)部分弟子周游列國(guó)十三年，晚年修訂《詩(shī)》《書》《禮》《樂》《易》《春秋》六經(jīng)。去世后，其弟子及再傳弟子把孔子及其弟子的言行語(yǔ)錄和思想記錄下來(lái)，整理編成《論語(yǔ)》。該書被奉為儒家經(jīng)典。孔子名言：己所不欲，勿施于人。Donotdotootherswhatyouwouldnotwantotherstodotoyou.學(xué)而時(shí)習(xí)之，不亦說(shuō)乎?Isitnotpleasanttolearnwithaconstantperseveranceandapplication?三人行，必有我?guī)熝?。WhenIwalkalongwithtwoothers,theymayservemeasmyteachers.conduct語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖引導(dǎo)他人去某地引導(dǎo)自己的行為引導(dǎo)軍隊(duì)、樂隊(duì)等的行為引導(dǎo)組織或活動(dòng)引導(dǎo)；帶領(lǐng)指揮(軍隊(duì)、樂隊(duì)等)實(shí)施；管理；進(jìn)行舉止；表現(xiàn)引導(dǎo)(基本義)經(jīng)營(yíng)方式；管理方式；組織方式行為；舉止nv根據(jù)所給提示，用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~塊完成句子。Bodylanguageisparticularlyimportantwhenwe__________

(試圖)communicateacrosscultures.

(2012全國(guó))attempttotrytoattemptattemptn[C]&[U]試圖；嘗試；努力(try)：Allattemptsbytheexpertstocurehimfailed.

Thetownisbanningplasticbagsinanattempttohelptheenvironment.Theteammadeanattempttoclimb/atclimbingthemountain.Hemadenoattempttohidehisfeelings.vt試圖；嘗試；企圖totrytodosth,especiallysthdifficult：Hedidnotattemptthelastquestionintheexamination.attempttodosth:Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.2019全國(guó)【詞匯拓展】attemptedadj[只用于名詞前]

企圖的；未遂的：attemptedmurder/robbery隨堂檢測(cè)mount根據(jù)句意寫出畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.Hemountedthehorseandrodeoff. __________2.Hisdebtscontinuedtomountup.

__________3.Hemountedtheplatformandaddressedthecrowd. __________4.MountEverestisthehighestmountintheworld.__________6.Wemountedanexhibitionofrecentbooks. __________7.Socialproblemsinmodernsocietyaremounting. __________騎上逐漸增加登上安排/組織開展山峰逐漸增加promote一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.Allourprojectsaimtopromotethedevelopmentofpoorandremotecommunities.(2019北京)

______________2.Whilewaitingforthechancetogetpromoted,Henrydidhisbesttodohisduty.(2014安徽改)______________3.IntheMiddleAges,merchantsemployed“towncriers”(街頭公告員)toreadpublicmessagesaloudtopromotetheirgoods.(2011全國(guó))______________二、在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Sheworkedhardandwassoon___________(promote).2.Thenewjobis___________promotionforhim.3.Herpromotion___________SalesManagertookeveryonebysurprise.促進(jìn)晉升推銷promotedato一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.Mothersshouldbalance

theirtimeforworkandrest.(2015四川) __________2.Researchershavefoundwolvesandtheirprey(獵物)livinginbalance.(2010江蘇) __________3.Whendoweneedtopaythebalance?(2006北京)

__________4.Ithoughtshewasgoingtofall,butsherecoveredherbalanceandcarriedonwalking. __________二、根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)完成句子。1.I_____________________________(失去平衡)andfellonmyface.(2015湖北)2.Besureto__________________(保持平衡)anddon’tletyourbodyshake.(2014遼寧)平衡平衡余款恢復(fù)/找回平衡balancelostmybalance/wasoffbalancekeepyourbalance3.

I’vegot

_____________________(良好的平衡感)andlearnttoskiquitequickly.(2013陜西)4.Overthepasttwocenturies,theIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthis

___________________________________(城市和農(nóng)村間的平衡).(2013北京)三、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.Hiswife’sdeathdisturbedthebalanceofhismind. _______________2.Thequestioncaughthimoffbalance. _______________3.Heturnedaround,balancingawkwardlyononefoot. _____________4.Hislack(缺乏)ofexperiencewasbalancedbyawillingnesstolearn. _____________agoodsenseofbalancebalancebetweenthecityandthecountry使他心神不寧使他不知所措/使他亂了方寸站穩(wěn)/站立彌補(bǔ)一、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。1.Ifthestressinyourlifeistoomuch,youarelikely____________(get)ill.(2016上海改)2.Theharderyoutrytobeathim,the______________(likely)youwillgethit.(2014遼寧)3.StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthis_______________(likely)tobetheonlyplanetwherelifehasdevelopedgradually.(2010福建改)

togetmorelikelyunlikelylikely斯蒂芬·霍金（StephenHawking，1942.1-2018.3.14），英國(guó)劍橋大學(xué)著名物理學(xué)家，現(xiàn)代最偉大的物理學(xué)家之一，主要研究領(lǐng)域是宇宙論和黑洞(blackhole)?；艚?1歲時(shí)患上肌肉萎縮性側(cè)索硬化癥，全身癱瘓，不能言語(yǔ)，手部只有三根手指可以活動(dòng)。其著作《時(shí)間簡(jiǎn)史》(ABriefHistoryofTime)已成為全球科學(xué)著作的里程碑。二、根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)完成下列句子。1.Thispassage_______________________________________(最可能出自)apopularsalesbook.2.Brianisgiftedinwritingmusic;he____________________(很有可能成為)aBeethoven.(2015四川改)3.Studentswhotakeawell-plannedyearout____________________________(更有可能對(duì)……滿意),andcomplete,theirchosencourse.(2015全國(guó)改)4.Althoughthepolicethoughthewas______________________(最有可能的一個(gè)),sincetheyhadnoexactproofaboutit,theycouldnotarrest(逮捕)him.(2009湖南改)mostlikelycomesfrom/ismostlikelyfromisverylikelytobearemorelikelytobesatisfiedwiththemostlikelyone三、英漢互譯。1.It’smorethanlikelythatthethievesdon’tknowhowmuchitisworth._________________________________________________________2.—Doyouwanttocomerunningwithme?—Notlikely.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.他似乎是這項(xiàng)工作最適宜的人選了。_________________________________________________________4.今晚她很可能給我打電話。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________盜賊很可能不知道此物值多少錢?！阆牒臀乙黄鹋懿絾?？——才不呢。Heseemsthemostlikelypersonforthejob.Sheisverylikelytocallmetonight./Itisverylikelythatshe’llcallmetonight.一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.Ourgoalistoestablishanewresearchcentreinthenorth.__________2.He’dalreadybeguntoestablishareputationasajournalist.__________3.Hehasjustsetuphisownbusiness,butitwilltakehimawhiletogetestablished.__________二、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，完成下列句子。1.Thepurchasepricecouldalsobeasignalthatan___________________(老牌公司)isbuyinganew-bornthreat(威脅).(2017江蘇)2.Adog’seatinghabitrequiresregulartrainingbefore________________________(正確建立).(2019天津)(itis)properlyestablishedestablishedcompanyestablish建立確立聲譽(yù)站穩(wěn)腳跟limit一、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)寫出英語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)。1.時(shí)間限制__________________2.速度限制__________________3.達(dá)到極限__________________4.在市區(qū)內(nèi)__________________atimelimitaspeedlimitreachthelimitwithinthecitylimits二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空。1.Idon’tthinkit’sfairtohavethemaspetswhenwehavesucha_________(limit)knowledgeofthem.(2009全國(guó))2.Owingtothe___________(limit)ofourknowledge,theremustbemistakesanderrorsinthebook.3.Scientistshaveknownhowtoharness(利用)the___________(limit)powerofthesun.limitedlimitationlimitless三、根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)完成下列句子。1.Knowledgeandlearningareimportantifwewanttobesuccessful,buttheymayalso___________________(限制我們的思維).(2011湖北)2.___________________(對(duì)……有限制)thenumberofpeoplewecanholdinmind.(2011福建)3.I’vebeenaskedto____________________(把演講控制在)tenminutes.4.Hewasborninapoorfamily,and____________________(受教育不多)inhischildhood.(2012浙江書面表達(dá))limitourthinkingThereisalimitonlimitmyspeechtohad/receivedalimitededucationprevent一、在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Sure,Icouldhaveaskedher,butsomethingpreventedme_______________doingso.(2017天津)2.Thereisaneedformoreprogramstoeducatethepublicaboutthecausesand_______________(prevent)ofheartdisease.preventionfrom二、選出能替換畫線部分的單詞。Inthiswaywepreventedthespreadofthisdisease.(stopped/allowed) ___________stopped一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.Shemustbefeelingverylonelyafterthelossofherhusband. ___________2.Weseeyourgoingasagreatlosstothecompany.___________3.

WhenshediedIwasfilledwithasenseofloss.____________4.Iwanttoreportthelossofapackage. ____________二、在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。1.Theanimalwasweakthroughloss_________blood.2.I’m_________alosswhattodonext.3.Hiscommentsleftmeataloss_________words.損失去世失落感丟失lossofatfor三、根據(jù)所給提示完成下列句子。_____________________(減肥)shouldbegradual.Whenhersonfinallylefthome,Emilyfeltcompletely____________________(茫然若失).3.Thefirm____________________

(虧損)6millionlastyear.4.ThoughmanyreasonsotherthanAlzheimer’sdiseasemaycause__________________________

(失憶