Unit1WishyouwerehereGrammarandusage非限制性定語從句課件高中英語譯林版（2020）選擇性

2020版譯林高中英語G2語法專題五（非限制性定語從句）(Preview)執(zhí)教：顧紹芹【語法現(xiàn)象識別】【語法規(guī)律探究】【語法情境應用】【語法重點總結(jié)】【語法現(xiàn)象識別】Whattouristdestinationshaveyouevervisitedorwouldyouliketovisit?Huayao--oneofthemostbeautifulvillageswithethnicfeaturesAbeautifulvillage,Huayao,_________attractstouristsfromacrossthecountry,looksquietdifferentfromwhatitwaswhenIwasachild.

whichTheGrandCanyon--areal-worldgeologylessonTheGrandCanyonisareal-worldgeologylesson_________wasformedovermillionsofyearsbytheColoradoRiver.whichComparethetwosentences.arestrictiverelativeclause

anon-restrictiverelativeclause

TheGrandCanyonisareal-worldgeologylessonwhichwasformedovermillionsoftheyearsbytheColoradoRiver.Myhometown,whichattractstouristsfromacrossthecountry,looksquietdifferentfromwhatitwaswhenIwasachild.

Whatarerestrictiverelativeclauseand

non-restrictiverelativeclause?restrictiverelativeclauses

限制性定語從句:giveinformationtoidentifytheperson(s)/object(s)修飾限定名詞或代詞，清楚表明所修飾的人或物。TheGrandCanyonisareal-worldgeologylessonwhichwasformedovermillionsoftheyearsbytheColoradoRiver.non-restrictiverelativeclauses非限制性定語從句:giveextrainformationaboutapersonorathing,whichcanbeleftout.提供句子意義以外的額外信息，要用逗號隔開。Myhometown,whichattractstouristsfromacrossthecountry,looksquietdifferentfromwhatitwaswhenIwasachild.【語法規(guī)律探究】1.theoutlineofthetext2.theadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftourism3.thenon-restrictiverelativeclausesReadandthinktheoutlineofthetextAdvantagesDisadvantagesConclusionPara._____________Para._____________Para.

_____________12-34Tourism

Tourismallows1.__togrowconsistently,thus2.___

tothelocalpopulation,andbringing3.

______________tothesurroundingcommunity.

disadvantagesBoththe4.______ofthelandandtheculturalaspectsofthedestinationmaybe5.___fromtourism,withwildlife6.___sufferingandlocalculturereceivinginsufficient7.

.conclusionserviceindustriesgivingjobsmorewealthphysicalcharacteristicsatriskhabitatsrespectadvantagesThetouristsshouldalwaysaimtoberesponsibleforreducingthenegativeimpactwhentravelling.GrammarRereadthetextandfindthesentenceswithnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.

Theseindustries,inturn,givejobstothelocalpopulation,whosewelfaredependsontourism.Thepricesoftouristessentialssuchastransport,accommodationandfoodusuallyincreasetoo,whichbringsevenmorewealthtothesurroundingcommunity.Morenature-centredtouristattractions,wheremanandnatureliveinharmony,canbegreatlyimpactedorevendestroyedbythefloodoftourists.Asresourcesareusedmorerapidlythantheycanbesustained,wildlifehabitatsarelikelytosuffer,whichcouldendangerthelocalplantsandanimals.Localfestivalsandcustoms,whichmayhavedeepmeaninginaparticularculture,cansimplybecomeentertainmentfortourists.AExploringtherulesRule1:

Weoftenuseanon-restrictiverelativeclausetoadd_______informationtotheantecedent

(anoun,pronounornounphrase)inthemainclauseorthemainclause.A_________isusuallyusedtoseparatetheaddingclauseandthemainclause.extracommaThisisthehousewhichIboughtlastyear.2)Thishouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.這就是我去年買的房子。我去年買的這個房子有著一個漂亮的花園。WorkingouttherulesComparethefollowingsentences.

Hehastwosisterswhoworkinthesamecompany.2)Hehastwosisters,whoworkinthesamecompany.Perhapshehasmorethantwosisters.Hehasonlytwosisters.Rule2:

Weusuallyintroduceanon-restrictiverelativeclausewitharelativepronounlikewho,whom,whichandwhoseorarelativeadverblikewhenandwhere.Therelativepronounandadverb________(can/cannot)beleftoutinanon-restrictiverelativeclause.1)IliveinNanjing,________isabigcity.2)IlikemyEnglishteacher,_______speaksgoodEnglish.3)Ivisitmygrandparentsattheweekend,________Idonotgotoschool.cannotwhichwhowhenRule3:Wecanuse_________(which/who/where)inanon-restrictiverelativeclausetorefertothemainclauseasawhole.Hemissedtheshow,whichwasapity.JohntoldmehewouldjointhePoetryClub,_______surprisedmegreatly.Theboywasawayfromhomeforaweek,__________________________________(這使他父母很擔心).4)Thefirelastedforawholenight,______________________________(這造成了極大的破壞).whichwhichwhichworriedwhichcausedgreatdamagehisparentsverymuch【語法情境應用】Rewritethefollowingsentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.MyparentswentonatourofJapanwith20people,someofwhomhadneverbeenabroadbefore.MyfavouriteplacetovisitisalittlevillagenearShanghai,wheremygrandmawasborn.DrLuo,whoisanexpertinChinesehistory,willgiveusatourofBeijing.I’mreadingaguidebooktoRome,whichisreallyfascinatingandhelpful.I’drathervisitEuropeinsummer,whentheweatherisatitsbest.ABThereisanarticleabouthowtobeasustainabletouristonpage7.Completethearticlewiththecorrectnon-restrictiverelativeclausesintheboxbelow.ThereisoneclauseyoudoNOTneedtouse.Writethelettersintheblanks.

whichwhowhenonwhichIspendmostofmysparemoneyonreadingbooks.where/inwhichwecanenjoythelearningexperienceinarelaxedatmosphere.

Asofwhomwhoseofwhichwhich【語法重點總結(jié)】Comparison|限制性定從VS非限區(qū)別一非限與主句之間有逗號隔開Ourguide,whowasaCanadian,wasanexcellentcook.Peter,whomyoumetinLondon,isnowbackinParis.Hesaidthathehadneverseenherbefore,whichwasnottrue.限制性定從：對先行項的意義進行修飾

（刪掉后會造成句意不完整，或者概念不清）非限：對先行項進行補充說明。

（刪掉后不影響整個意思的表達）1.Hehastwosisterswhoworkinthesamecompany.2.Hehastwosisters,whoworkinthesamecompany.mpany.Perhapshehasmorethantwosisters.Hehasonlytwosisters.Comparison|限制性定從VS非限區(qū)別二Comparison|限制性定從VS非限區(qū)別三限制性定語從句（無逗號）：先行項只能是名詞或代詞。非限制性定語從句（帶逗號）：先行項除了可以是名詞或代詞，還可以是整個句子。(如果修飾整個句子，只能用which/as)

Asweallknow,theEarthisround.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,whichsurprisedme.Comparison|限制性定從VS非限

區(qū)別四非限制性定語從句不用that作為關(guān)系詞!IliveinNanjing,_________isabigcity.which2020版譯林高中英語G2語法專題五（非限制性定語從句）(Preview)執(zhí)教：

顧紹芹1.unfoldun-(not不)

+fold

(折疊)→不折疊→展開→花“展開”→開花2.ethnicallyethnic—ethnically3.distinctdi-

(apart分開)+stinct

(prick,stick刺)→以刺為記號區(qū)分的→截然不同的詞塊：bedistinctfromsb/sth派生詞：distinction,

distinctive4.territoryterra

(land土地)+-ory

(名詞后綴：表示場所范圍)→一個國家的土地→領(lǐng)土；領(lǐng)地5.carve熟詞生義：侵蝕；沖刷詞塊：carvesthinto,carvesthfrom本單元詞匯梳理6.mightymight

(強大力量)+-y

(形容詞后綴)→強大的7.splendid(壯麗的)英語釋義：veryimpressive/beautiful(極好的)近義詞：excellent8.apartfrom[除……外(尚有)]近義詞：besides[除……外(別無)]近義詞：exceptfor9.urbanurb

(city城市)+-an

(形容詞后綴)→城市的10.ancestoran-(before)+cest(togo)+-or(人)→走在前面的人→祖先11.minorityminor

(smaller,less較小的、較少的）+-ity

(名詞后綴)→少數(shù)(反義詞：majority)；少數(shù)民族詞塊：minoritygroups,aminorityof12.dynamic詞塊：dynamicpersonality/music13.sample詞塊：ablood/water/soilsample,freesamples名詞動詞化：嘗；品嘗14.depthdepth來自deep(聯(lián)系length,width,strength)詞塊：indepth詞族：deep,deepen,deeply,depth15.suburbsub-

(below,near在……下、鄰近）+urb

(city城市)→城市下面的、鄰近城市的區(qū)域→郊區(qū)、城外；詞塊：inthesuburbs16.botanicalbotany(n

植物學)—botanical詞塊：abotanicalgarden17.blanket詞塊：a(thick)blanketof,awetblanket1.surrounding詞族：surround,surrounding,surroundings2.harmony基本義：和諧詞塊：live/existinharmony(with)派生詞：harmonious3.sustainsus-(=sub-,upfrombelow在下面)+tain(tohold支撐)→在下面支撐→支撐(基本義)派生詞：sustainable(sustainabledevelopment)4.manner①意為“方式；方法”時是正式用語，對應way；詞塊：ina…manner②意為“禮貌；禮儀”時用復數(shù)；詞塊：tablemanners,it’sgood/badmannerstodosth5.consumption詞塊：energy/fuelconsumption詞族：consume,consumption,consumer6.church詞塊：gotochurch7.code你詞塊：dresscode1.resolutionresolve(v

解決)—resolutionresolution：re-

(back回)+solve

(toloosen松開、解開)+-tion(名詞后綴)→危機、問題等的解開→解決詞塊：makearesolutiontodosth2.grain詞塊：grainsofsand/salt3.contrastcontra-

(against相對)

+st

(tostand站立)→相對而站進行比較→對比；比較；注意名詞和動詞發(fā)音不同詞塊：by/incontrast,incontrastwith/to,makea(striking/sharp)contrastwith,contrast(strikingly/sharply)with4.starve詞塊：bestarving,starvetodeath5.barbecue詞源：barbecue源于美洲海地語barbakoa，指的是一種由木樁支撐的木架，當?shù)赜〉诎餐林擞盟敶菜X或燒烤大塊的肉。后來進入英語，演變?yōu)閎arbecue，既可用來指燒烤架，也可表示燒烤?？s寫為BBQ。6.departuredepart(選必三U3v

離開)—departurede-(from從……)+part(topart,divide分開、離開)+-ure(名詞后綴)；詞塊：departurefrom7.mud派生詞：muddy8.border基本義：邊詞塊：ontheborder,across/overtheborder,crosstheborder名詞動詞化：與……接壤9.parkingpark(v

停車)+-ing詞塊：aparkinglot/space10.dot名詞動詞化：布滿；星羅棋布于詞塊：bedottedwith11.bunch詞塊：abunchof12.fetch詞塊：fetchsbsth/fetchsthforsb13.possessionpossess—possession詞塊：in/takepossessionof,inthepossessionof14.hike詞塊：gohiking(拓展：gojogging,gocamping)派生詞：hiker(拓展：jogger,camper)15.awesomeawe(選必三U4n

敬畏、驚嘆)+-some(形容詞后綴)→令人驚嘆的；令人敬畏的意為“極好的”“了不起的”時為非正式用語，近義詞為excellent16.polarpole—polar詞塊：polarbears17.delicacydelicate—delicacy隨堂檢測二、根據(jù)所給漢語，用適當?shù)脑~塊完成句子。It’snecessaryto___________________________（與……和諧相處）animals.一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Hischildhoodlackedtheharmonythatwastypicalofahappyfamily. ___________2.Imetalltheusualpeople:streetperformers,thePigeonGuy,agroupofguitaristssinginginharmony. ___________harmonyliveinharmonywith和聲和睦寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Heleantagainsthersoheavilythatshecouldbarelysustainhisweight.___________2.Alargeinternationalmeetingwasheldwiththeaimofsustainingsustainabledevelopment.___________