2024-2025學年高中英語Module6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNatureWorldSectionⅠIntroductionReadingandVocabulary學案含解析外研版必修4

PAGEModule6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNatureWorldeq\o(\s\up7(SectionⅠ),\s\do5())eq\o(\s\up7(Introduction，ReadingandVocabulary),\s\do5())Ⅰ.重點單詞1．attackvt.攻擊；攻擊2．frighteningadj.嚇人的→frightenedadj.膽怯 的；受驚的→frightenv．(使)驚恐3．existvi.存在；生存→existencen．存在→existingadj.目前的；現(xiàn)存的4．sightingn．(珍奇動物等的)目擊；發(fā)覺→sightn．視力，視覺；景象5．mysteriousadj.神奇的→mysteryn．神奇；神奇的事物6．claimvt.聲稱7．calmadj.安靜的；冷靜的→calmlyadv.安靜地；冷靜地→calmnessn．安靜；冷靜8．scepticaladj.懷疑的；不信任的9．unlikelyadj.不行能的→likelyadj.可能的10．covervt.占地(多大面積)→coveringn．覆蓋物Ⅱ.重點短語1．stickout突出，醒目；堅持2．bebackinthenews再次成為新聞3．claimtodosth.聲稱要做某事4．onthesurfaceof在……的表面5．diveintothewater潛入水中6．bescepticalof/about懷疑7．beunlikelytodosth.不行能……8．coveranareaof占……的面積9．closeup關閉10．gocloseto靠近1．attackvt./n.[C，U]攻擊；攻擊；(疾病)侵襲Theenemyattackedthiscityduringthenight.敵人在夜間攻擊了這座城市。Thediseaseattackedhisbones.疾病已侵襲了他的骨骼。Attackisthebestformofdefense.進攻是最好的防衛(wèi)。underattack正在遭遇攻擊makeanattackon/upon...攻擊……aheartattack心臟病突發(fā)attacksb.withsth.用某物攻擊某人beattackedwithadisease患/害?、賂heyoungmanattacked(attack)theoldmanwithaknife.②Hereturnedtohiscountrywhenhiscountryunderattack.③Hewaswalkingonthestreetwhenadogattacked(attack)him.2．frighteningadj.嚇人的；令人恐驚的Allthestonefiguresinthetemplelookedsofrightening.廟里全部的石像看上去都那么令人恐驚。Itwasthemostfrighteningexperienceofmylife.這是我一生中最可怕的經驗。frightening表示“(事物等)令人驚恐的”；frightened表示“(人等)感到驚恐的”。類似的形容詞還有：主動意義被動意義boring令人厭煩的bored感到厭煩的exciting令人激烈的excited感到激烈的tiring令人疲乏的tired感到疲憊的interesting令人感愛好的interested感愛好的relaxing令人放松的relaxed感到放松的Hewasfrightened(frighten)toseethesnake.3．existvi.存在；生存TheRomanEmpireexistedforseveralcenturies.羅馬帝國存在了好幾個世紀。Theideaexistsonlyinthemindsofpoets.這種想法只有詩人才有。Theyexistonverylittlemoney.他們靠極少的錢來生活。existon靠……生存existencen．[U]存在；[sing.]生存Thevillagecameintoexistence(exist)fivehundredyearsago.4．sharpadj.銳利的；尖的；急劇的；(言辭等)尖酸的；敏銳的；急轉的Hecutdownatreewithasharpaxe.他用一把銳利的斧子砍倒一棵樹。Therewasasharpincreaseintheimportofcottongoodsin1986.1986年，棉織品的進口猛增。She'sgotasharptongue.她說話苛刻。LinTaohasaverysharpmind.林濤頭腦敏捷。Thereisasharpbendahead.前面有個急轉彎。Thepricesofthedailygoodshaverisensharply(sharp)．5．divevi./n.[C]潛水；跳水Hedivedfromthebridgeandsavedthechild.他從橋上跳入水中，救起那個孩子。Shemadeagracefuldiveintothepool.她優(yōu)雅地跳入池中。dive及其相關詞：Hedivedintothewaterquickly.6．calmadj.安靜的；冷靜的v．(使)(安靜)；(使)冷靜Theseawascalm.海上一帆風順。Hervoiceissurprisinglycalm.她的聲音出人意料地冷靜。Themothertriedtocalmherchild.母親試圖使孩子安靜下來。Wewaitedinsideuntilthingscalmeddown.我們待在里面，直到一切都復原了安靜。calmdown(使)安靜；(使)冷靜calm,still,quiet,silentcalm強調內心的“鎮(zhèn)靜冷靜”或指大?！盁o浪”、天氣“無風”。still側重于完全不動和完全無聲響。quiet表示沒有聲響、熱鬧或指性情寧靜。silent主要指不出聲，但是可以動。Whenfacingdanger,oneshouldkeepcalm;whentakenphotos,oneshouldkeepstill;whensomeoneelseisasleep,oneshouldkeepquiet;inclass,oneshouldn'tkeepsilentabouttheteacher'squestions.一個人面對危急時，應當保持冷靜；照相時，要保持不動；當其他人睡覺時，應保持寧靜；在課堂上，對老師的問題不應保持緘默。Kate,speakcalmly(calm)ifyouthinkyou'reintheright;there'snoneedtogetangry.7．scepticaladj.懷疑的；不信任的Hegavemeascepticallook.他用懷疑的眼光看我。Thepublicremainscepticaloftheseclaims.公眾對這些說法仍持懷疑看法。I'mscepticalabouthischanceofwinning.我懷疑他取勝的可能性。bescepticalof/aboutsth.懷疑某事Heisscepticalof/aboutthistrick.8．unlikelyadj.不行能的[△用作表語]Theprojectseemedunlikelytosucceed.這個項目似乎難以勝利。It'sunlikelythatI'llhaveanyfreetimetomorrow.我明天不行能有空。beunlikelytodosth.不行能做某事belikelytodosth.可能做某事Itisunlikelythat...不行能……Itislikelythat...可能……It'sunlikely(likely)thathewillpayavisittousbecauseit'sraining.9．covervt.占地(多大面積)；覆蓋；涉及；行過(一段路)；足以支付n．[C](書的)封面；蓋子Ourtowncoversanareaofaboutfivesquarekilometres.我們鎮(zhèn)占地約5平方千米。Thefieldiscoveredwithsnow.田野被積雪覆蓋著。Hisreadingcoversawiderangeofsubjects.他閱讀的書籍涉及多個學科。Wecoveredabout30mileseveryday.我們每天大約走30英里。Theawardshouldbeenoughtocoverherschoolfees.這筆獎金應當夠她支付學費了。covern．封面；蓋子coveranareaof占地面積為……becoveredwith被……覆蓋著coverthecostof夠付……的費用Itrainedheavilyandthegroundwascovered(cover)withwater.10．claim(1)vt.斷言；宣稱；聲稱；主見后面跟that從句作賓語。Heclaimedthattherewasnolifeonthemoon.他斷言月球上沒有生命。Sheclaimsthatsheisrich，butIdon'tbelieveher.她自稱有錢，我卻不信。Heclaimedthathewouldbeaking.他聲稱要做國王。(2)vt.Theyclaimedtoattendtomorrow'smeeting.他們要求出席明天的會議。(3)vt.認領Doesanyoneclaimthisluggage?有人認領這件行李嗎？Iclaimedthecoatthattheteacherfound.我認領了老師找到的外套。(4)n.要求；權利；主見；聲稱Hefoundedhisclaimonfacts.他把他的主見建立于事實之上。Theymadeaclaimforhigherpay.他們提出更高酬勞的要求。Thegovernment'sclaimthatwarwasnecessarywasclearlywrong.政府聲稱斗爭是必定的，這個說法明顯是錯誤的。Nobodybelievedhisclaimthathewasinnocent.他聲稱他是清白的，但沒有人信任。Heclaimedto_have_done(do)alltheworkhimself,butinfactKateandTomdidmostofit.11．closeadv.接近地；靠近地；緊密地Hewasfollowingclosebehind.他正緊緊跟在后面。Theystayedclosetogether.他們緊緊地靠在一起。close與closely①close既可以作形容詞，又可以作副詞，即形容詞和副詞同形，表示“距離近”。Comeclose；Iwanttotellyousomething.靠近點，我有事和你說。Wemustallstayclosetogether.我們大家必需待在一塊兒。Hedrewherclosetohim.他抱緊了她。②closely的意思是“細致地；細心地；緊密地”，往往指抽象意義。留意在過去分詞前要用closely。Studythisclosely；it'sveryimportant.把這個問題細致探討一下，這個特別重要。Thetwothingsarecloselyinterconnected.這兩個事物是相互緊密地聯(lián)系在一起的。Thisproblemiscloselyconnectedwiththatone.這個問題與那個問題有親密聯(lián)系。Heisclosely(close)relatedtothiscase.12．sightingn．目擊；發(fā)覺；望見，見到Therewasnewsaboutsightingsofmonstersinyesterday'snewspaper.在昨天的報紙上有關于看到怪物的新聞。sightn．視野；視力；[pl.]風景，名勝vt.望見catchsightof望見losesightof看不見atfirstsight乍一看；第一眼comeintosight進入視野atthesightof看到，一看到insight在視線之內outofsight在視線之外①Theyfellinloveatfirstsight.②Whenhewasshopping,hecaughtsightofoneofhisfriends.1．Theyclaimedto_have_discovered(discover)acureforthedisease,butthiswasn'tproved.解析：claimtohavedone聲稱干過。2．Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcoldsoshestoodclosetohermother.解析：依據(jù)動詞stood可以確定此處缺少副詞。句意：“雨下得很大。小瑪麗感到很冷，所以她緊緊地站在母親身邊。”表示“距離近地”應用close。3．Youmustbeverycarefulwhenyoudiveintothedeepwater.解析：句意：當你潛到深水里的時候，你肯定要特殊當心。dive“潛水；跳水”。4．Hiseyes,whichhadbeenfilledwithfearandhorrormomentsearlier,werenowclear,almostcalm.解析：句意：他的眼睛，片刻之前還滿是膽怯 和恐驚，現(xiàn)在已經很澄澈，幾乎是鎮(zhèn)靜了。calm既可表示內心的安靜，又可表示事物外在的安靜。5．MissTaylorcalmeddownthefrightenedgirlbyabighug.解析：句意：泰勒小姐深深地擁抱了那個受驚的女孩，使她安靜下來。calmdown“(使)安靜；(使)鎮(zhèn)靜”。6．Whenhewaswalkinghomefromtheofficethatnight,hewasattacked(attack)byseveralrobbers.解析：句意：那天晚上他從辦公室往家走的時候，被幾個強盜攻擊了。attack“攻擊；攻擊”。7．Thespeedofthecarwasfrightening(frighten)andthatwasthecauseofthecaraccident.解析：句意：當時的車速令人膽怯 ，這也是車禍的起因。此處指車速是“令人膽怯 的”，所以要用frightening。8．—Peter,doyouknowthisword?—No,Idon'tthinkthiswordexists(exist)inEnglish.解析：句意：“彼得，你相識這個單詞嗎？”“不相識。我認為英語中沒有這個詞?！眅xist“存在”，該處用一般現(xiàn)在時。9．Theearthisarockyplanetwherethereisliquidwater,whichisnecessaryforlifeto_exist(existence)．解析：句意：地球是一個有液態(tài)水的巖石星體，這是生命存在所必需的。10．Thissteelknifeissosharpthatyoucancutmeatwithiteasily.解析：句意：這把鋼刀真是銳利，用它切肉很簡單。sharp“銳利的；尖的”。11．Pleasesharpen(sharp)thisknife.解析：sharpen使變銳利。12．Confuciusdidnotacceptthereligiousideasofhistimes,andwasscepticalof/aboutthesupernatural.解析：句意：孔子不信任當時的宗教觀念，也不信任超自然的神力。sceptical“懷疑的；不信任的”，bescepticalof/aboutsth.“懷疑某事”。13．—Itisunlikely(likely)toraintoday,forthereisnotasinglecloudinthesky.—Believeitornot,theweatherforecastsaidso.解析：句意：“今日不行能下雨，因為天空中一片云都沒有?！薄靶挪恍庞赡悖鞖忸A報就是這樣說的?！眀eunlikelytodo“不行能做……”。14．TheNationalStadiumcovers(cover)anareaof68,700squaremetres.解析：句意：國家體育館占地面積達68,700平方米。cover“占地(多大面積)”。1．bebackinthenews再次成為新聞；再次被新聞關注Gaspricehasbeenrising,whichbringsenergy-savingbackinthenews.汽油價格持續(xù)上漲，這使能源節(jié)約問題再次成為新聞話題。TheexplosioninTianjinisbackinthenews.2．closeup(1)靠近；緊鄰Thebuildingisburning.Thepolicemakenobodycloseup.大樓在燃燒，警察不讓任何人靠近。Theteachertoldthechildrentocloseuptoeachothernearthecampfireandthenbeganhisstory.老師叫孩子們在營火旁相互靠攏些，接著就起先講起故事來。Theirhouseclosesupours.他們家的房子緊鄰著我們家的。(2)關閉；停留Theoldroadhasnowbeenclosedupsincethehighwaywasopentopublicuse.自從高速馬路通車以來，那條舊馬路已經封閉了。(3)(傷口)愈合Thewoundinhisarmhasalreadybeguntocloseup.他胳膊上的傷口已經起先愈合了。Theshopistobeclosedup.1．WhenJordanannouncedhewouldplaybasketballforonemoreyear,hewasbackinthenews.解析：bebackinthenews為固定搭配，意為“再次被新聞所關注?！本湟猓骸爱攩痰ば妓麜俅蛞荒昊@球時，他又成為媒體關注的焦點?！?．Ifourbusinessaren'timproved,ourshopistocloseup.解析：closeup關閉，歇業(yè)。句意：假如我們的生意不被改善，我們的商店即將歇業(yè)。1．Thedirectorofalocaltouristoffice,MengFanying,saidthemonster,whichseemedtobeblackincolour,wastenmetresfromtheedgeofthelakeduringthemostrecentsighting.據(jù)當?shù)氐穆糜无k公室主任孟凡迎(音譯)介紹，最近有人望見怪物就在離湖邊十米的地方，怪物的顏色似乎是黑色的。(1)MengFanying作Thedirectorofalocaltouristoffice的同位語；whichseemedtobeblackincolour是非限制性定語從句，修飾themonster。(2)句中seem意為“看起來；似乎”，作系動詞，后跟形容詞作表語。也常跟動詞不定式或用于句型Itseemsthat...。也可用于Thereseem(s)tobe...句型。Itseemsimpossibletobelievehiswords.看起來不行能信任他的話。Itseemsthatheislying.＝Heseemstobelying.看起來他似乎在撒謊。Itseemedthattheteacherwaswrong.＝Theteacherseemedtobewrong.看起來是老師錯了。Thereseemsto_be(be)astrangerinmyroom.2．AthirdreportcamefromLiXiaohe，whowasvisitingthelakewithhisfamily.又一則報道來自李小和(音譯)，當時他正和家人一起在湖邊游玩。(1)本句屬于非限制性定語從句。who在從句中作主語，指人。本句who指代其前的先行詞LiXiaohe。在非限制性定語從句中關系詞不能運用that，以人作從句主語或賓語時，用who或whom；以物作從句主語或賓語時，用which。Smith，whodiedlastnight，lefthissonabigsumofmoney.史密斯昨晚去世，給他兒子留下一大筆錢。(who在定語從句中作主語，指代Smith)Myoldneighborownsalargehouse，whichliesattheedgeofalake.我的老鄰居擁有一所大房子，坐落在湖畔。(which在定語從句中作主語，指代house)(2)本句athird意為“又一；再一”，相當于another的用法。此處指前面已經有了兩例報道，這里是第三例。Ilikeneitheroftheskirts.Wouldyoupleaseshowmeathird?這兩條短裙我都不喜愛，請你再拿一條給我看看好嗎？Ihaveafriend,whoisfondofmodernmusic.3．Heclaimstohaveseenaroundblackcreaturemovingquicklythroughthewater.他說他望見圓形黑色的動物在湖面上快速游過。tohaveseen是動詞不定式的完成式，表示該動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞claims所表示的動作之前。Iamverygladtohaveseenyourmother.我很興奮見到了你媽媽。Heissaidtohavewrittenanewbookabouttheworkers.據(jù)說他寫了一本關于工人的書。Sheseemedtohaveheardaboutitalready.她似乎已經聽說了這件事。Heclaimedto_have_done(do)hishomework.4．TherehavebeenreportsofmonstersinLakeTianchisincethebeginningofthelastcentury，althoughnoonehasseenonecloseup.自上世紀初以來始終就有關于天池怪物的報道，盡管還不曾有人近距離目睹過。therehavebeen是therebe句型的現(xiàn)在完成形式，表示“從過去某一時候到現(xiàn)在始終都有”。其謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是復數(shù)形式取決于它后面緊跟的名詞。Therehasbeenanoldchurchinthesmalltownsincealongtimeago.很久以前，那個小鎮(zhèn)就始終有一個教堂。Therehavealreadybeenpeopleintheroom，sowedon'tgoin.屋子里已經有很多人了，所以我們就不進去了。①therebe結構中的謂語動詞，有時可用seemtobe，happentobe，usedtobe或類似表示“存在”概念的動詞，如lie，remain，live，stand，come等來代替。Thereseemstobesomethingwrongwiththemachine.這臺機器似乎有點毛病。Therestandsapostofficeonthecornerofthestreet.街的拐角處有一個郵局。②在反意疑問句中，當陳述部分為therebe時，反意疑問部分主語用there。There'ssomethingwrong，isn'tthere?出事了，不是嗎？Therewon'tbeanytrouble，willthere?不會有任何麻煩，是吧？Therehave_been(be)twoaccidentssofar.5．ManypeoplethinkthemonstermaybeadistantcousinoftheLochNessmonsterinScotland.Theyalsothinkthattheremightbesimilarcreaturesinotherlakesaroundtheworld.很多人認為，天池里的怪物可能是蘇格蘭尼斯湖怪物的遠親。他們還認為，在世界其他地方的湖泊中可能也有類似的生物。本句中theremightbe表示揣測，意為“可能有；或許有”。might在這里表示推想，只是可能性比may小。Theremightbeawaytotellwhetherallthesetheoriesaretrue.可能會有一種判別這些理論是否正確的方法。HemightbeathomebutI'mnotsure.1．Heseemsto_have_known(know)thetruth.Otherwise,hewouldnotbesoangry.解析：句意：他似乎已經知道了真相，要不然，他不會這么生氣。seemtohavedone似乎發(fā)生過某事。2．Ilookedupandnoticedasnakewinding(wind)itswayupthetreetocatchitsbreakfast.解析：noticesth.doingsth.發(fā)覺某物在做某事。3．Heclaimedto_have_seen(see)mysheepthismorning.解析：claimtohavedonesth.聲稱做過某事。4．Thereislittledoubtthathecanwinthegame，is_there?解析：Thereislittle...的反意疑問句為isthere。5．Happinessandsuccessoftencometothosewhoaregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.解析：先行詞為those，指人，定語從句中缺主語，故用who引導。Ⅰ.語法填空The“MonsterofLakeTianchi”is__1__inthenewsafterseveralrecentsightings.Someonesaid“Themonster,whichseemedtobeblack__2__colour,jumpedoutofthewaterlikeaseal.”Alocalphotograph