2024鋰電池技術(shù)詳細講解

(Lithium池,Primary

WhittinghamMS．U．S．PatentWhittinghamMManleyStanley1941年出生，于牛津大學(xué)BA(1964),MA(1967),和DrPhil(1968)學(xué)位，目前就職于賓漢姆頓大學(xué)。Dr.Whittingham是發(fā)明嵌入式鋰離子電池重要人物，在與Exxon公司合作制成首個鋰電池之后，他又發(fā)現(xiàn)水熱合成法能夠用于電極材料的制備，這種方法目前被擁有磷酸層狀結(jié)構(gòu)的石墨

正極

鋰離子電池(Li-ionBatteries)是鋰電池發(fā)展而來。所以MichelArmand,PhilippeGraphiteintercalationcompoundsascathodeMaterialsScienceandEngineering.Volume31,1977,319-ArmandMB．PhDthesis，ArmandMB．MaterialsforAdvancedBatteryNew“搖椅式電池”（Rocking-chairCell）。M.

ChairBatteries）概念，成功解決了鋰負agLithiumionrechargeableProg.BatteriesSolarCells9,209專利號JP4147573-AJP3028582-B2US5370710- 專利號EP486950-AEP486950-A1CA2055305-AJP4184872-AJP4280082-AUS5292601-AEP486950-B1;DE69103384-E;JP3079613-B2;JP3089662-B2;JP2000268864-ACA2055305-CJP3356157-B2發(fā)明人:SUGENON,ANZAIM,NAGAURAT專利權(quán)人和代碼:SONYCORP(SONY-C)專利號JP5036413-AJP3282189-B2US5273842- schematicrepresentationandoperationprincipleofrechargeablelithiumionbattery放出的電量為其額定容量。電池的實池的標(biāo)稱額定容量為10Ah10ALi-ionFilmLi-ion圓柱型鋰離子電池(CylindricalLi-ion還包括正溫度系數(shù)端子（PTC）和安全閥（SafetyVent）等安全部件。方型鋰離子電池（PrismaticLi-ion紐扣鋰離子電池（CoinLi-ionLi-ionBattery），這種電池結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，通常用于科研測試。薄膜鋰離子電池（ThinFilmLi-ionBattery薄膜鋰離子電池

（96500C/mol是法拉第常數(shù)1mAh＝1×（10－3）安培×360秒96500/157.756/3.6=170mA130-100-135-190-155-3.2-3.8-3.4-2.5-3.020-20 A.K.Padhi,K.S.Nanjundaswamy,andJ.B.GoodenoughPhospho-olivinesasPositive-ElectrodeMaterialsforRechargeableLithiumBatteriesJ.Electrochem.Soc.,Vol.144,No.4,April

AkshayaJohnB.：Whitehead的ScienceandtheModern與學(xué)生AkshayaPadhi做出了LiFePO4正極材料。他的經(jīng)典語錄是：Iamanoldtigerenjoyingworkinghere。 FePO4，實際的充放電過程是處于FePO4/LiFePO4兩相共存狀態(tài)的。FePO4與負極，發(fā)生Fe2+→Fe3+的氧化反應(yīng)，為保持電荷平衡，電子從自20世紀90年代末期以來,橄欖石型磷酸鐵鋰(LiFePO4)正極材料的研究引起起廣大研究者的關(guān)注。有望成為新一代首選的可替代LiCoO2的鋰

鋰合成的方法[1-3，通常采用PadhiAK,NanjundaswamyKS,GoodenoughJB,Phospho-olivinesaspositive-electrodematerialsrechargeablelithiumbatteries.J.Electrochem.Soc,PadhiAK,NanjundaswamyKS,MasquelierC,etal.,EffectofstructureontheFe3+/Fe2+redoxcoupleinironphosphate,J.Electrochem.Soc.,1997,144(5):1609~1613PadhiAK，NanjundaswamyKS,Masquelier,C,etal.,MappingoftransitionmetalredoxenergiesinphosphateswithNASICONstructurebylithiumintercalation,J.Electrochem.Soc.,1997,144(8):2581~2586ParkKS，SonJT,ChungHT,etSynthesisofLiFePO4byco-precipitationandmicrowaveArnoldG,GarcheJ,HemmerR,etFine-particlelithiumironphosphateLiFePO4synthesizedbyanewlow-costaqueousprecipitation法應(yīng)用于制備磷酸鐵鋰。[1]HiguchiM,KatayamaK,AzumaY,etSynthesisofLiFePO4cathodematerialbymicrowave壞血酸特殊的還原能力，將Fe3+還原成Fe2+，CroceF,EpifanioAD,HassounJ,et

溶膠凝膠法制備的棒狀LiFePO4ANovelconceptforthesynthesisofanimprovedLiFePO4lithiumbatteryElectrochem.SolidState Bing-JoeHwang,Kuei-FengHsu,Shao-KangHu,Ming-YaoCheng,Tse-ChuanChou,Sun-YuanTsay,RamanSanthanamTemplate-freereversemicelleprocessforthesynthesisofarod-likeLiFePO4/CcathodematerialforlithiumJournalofPowerSources,Volume194,Issue1,20October2009,Pages515-水熱合成是指溫度為100～1000℃、壓力為1MPa～1GPa條件下利HydrothermalsynthesisoflithiumironphosphateElectrochem.Commun.,3(2001),pp.正如J.M.Tarascon等[1]利用離子[1]N.Recham,L.Dupont,M.Courty,K.Djellab,D.Larcher,M.Armand,andJ.-M.Tarascon.IonothermalSynthesisofTailor-MadeLiFePO4PowdersforLi-IonBatteryApplications.Chem.Mater.2009,21,1096–1107J-M.

Jean-MarieTarascon1953)目前是法TarasconJM，GozdzAS，SchmutzCeta1．SolidStateAndreasStein[1]以PMMA和F127為模板制備了分級多孔結(jié)構(gòu)的碳[1]AnhVuandAndreasMulticonstituentSynthesisofLiFePO4/CCompositeswithHierarchicalPorosityasCathodeMaterialsforLithiumIonBatteries

Yang-KookSun[2]等利用雙層N.Ravet,J.B.GoodenoughandTheElectrochemicalSocietyandtheElectrochemicalSocietyofJapanMeetingHonolulu,HI:InternationalSocietyof SungWooOh,Seung-TaekMyung,Seung-MinOh,KyuHwanOh,KhalilAmine,BrunoScrosatiandYang-KookSunDoubleCarbonCoatingofLiFePO4asHighRateElectrodeforLithium除納米粒徑的LiFePO4外[1]，孔狀結(jié)構(gòu)的LiFePO4也是研究的熱點，YingkeZhou等[2]用多壁碳LiFePO4和碳納米管復(fù)合材Inorg.Chem.2009,48,YingkeZhou,JieWang,YuanyuanHu,RyanO’HayreandZongpingAporousLiFePO4andcarbonnanotubeChem.Commun.,2010,46,7151-2008年，Zhouhaoshen課題組通過原位聚合法合成得到了殼-核結(jié)構(gòu)的碳包覆Angew.Chem.2008,120,7571Angew.Chem.2008,120,75712009ZhouhaoshenLiFePO4納米線，是LiFePO4ACSAppl.Mater.Interfaces2009,2,電紡絲技術(shù)得到的LiFePO4ACSAppl.Mater.Interfaces2009,2,2010年，Hyun-KonSong課題組中空的球形二級結(jié)構(gòu)LiFePO4納米顆粒。該結(jié)構(gòu)Chem.Commun.,2010,46,中空的球型LiFePO4中空的球型LiFePO4納米顆粒的SEM和TEMChem.Commun.,2010,46,|J.Am.Chem.Soc.2011,133, 胡桃狀的LiFePO4微|J.Am.Chem.Soc.2011,133,花瓣狀的LiFePO4|J.Am.Chem.Soc.2011,133,2009年，MIT的Ceder研究小組在Nature雜志上稱已經(jīng)找到一種可完成充電的超級電池，而且體積更小、重量更輕。他們開發(fā)了一電荷的傳遞。實驗結(jié)果表示，透過新的材料結(jié)構(gòu)，可使電池尺寸變小，并將充電時間縮短到10至20秒以內(nèi)。相較之下，未使用新材DischargecapabilityathighrateforLiFePO4synthesizedat600℃.ByoungwooKang，Gerbrand

K.Zaghib,J.B.Goodenough,A.Mauger,C.Julien四位鋰電池屆大師級人物在JournalofPowerSources上發(fā)表文章對其一些錯誤進行GCedar，B.Kang看到這篇文章后，馬上給發(fā)這篇文章的J.PowerSource篇題為Responseto“unsupportedclaimsofultrafastchargingofLi-ionbatteries”.，對KZaghib駁斥他的論據(jù)逐一用數(shù)據(jù)來進行反駁[2]。KZaghib,JBGoodenough,AMauger,CJulienUnsupportedclaimsofultrafastchargingofLiFePO4Li-ionbatteriesJournalofPowerSources,Volume:194,Issue:2,2009,1021-1023GCeder,BResponseto“unsupportedclaimsofchargingofLi-ionBatterymaterialsforultrafastchargingand

JournalofPowerSources,Volume:194,Issue:2,

Phostech是南方化學(xué)(SuedChemie)的全資子公(Hydro-Quebec)（UniversitédeMontral）關(guān)于磷酸鐵鋰材料在電池中的應(yīng)用BoschGmbG合作推出他們的磷酸鐵鋰電池電動

A123Systems于2001年在麻省理工學(xué)院科學(xué)與工程學(xué)華人教授Yet-MingChiang(學(xué)材料科學(xué)博士BartRiley。石墨層狀結(jié)

二次鋰電池正負極材料電壓-Voltageversuscapacityforpositive-andnegative-electrodematerialspresentlyusedunderseriousconsiderationsforthenextgenerationofrechargeableLi-based溶劑由主溶劑和添加劑 池(polymerlithiumionbattery,簡稱為LIP)。(2)

Theimprovementofionicconductivitiesforpolymerelectrolytes+常用的共混聚合物包括聚乙二醇（PEG）（PEI）,聚氧化