2025版高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)專題檢測十二猜測詞義

專題十二揣測詞義Passage1TheicybeautyoftheArcticattractsthousandsofvisitorseveryyeartoseeitswonderfulwildlife,landscapeandlocalcultures.VisitorscantakeshipsonavoyagealongtheArcticOceanortakeflightstocitiesalongtheArcticedge.Nomatterhowonegetsthere,theyshouldwearwarmclothesandgetreadytotakeintheattractions.“TravelingtotheArcticleavesanunforgettableimpressiononthevisitor.Itsvastexpanseandthefragilityofitsenvironmentaretwothingsthatreallyblowawaypeople,”saidCherylRosa,thedirectoroftheUSArcticResearchCommission.

VisitorstotheArcticCirclewillhavealotofactivitiestochoosefromiftheywanttoseeallthattheregionhastooffer.Hikingwithsnowshoes,dogsleddingandkayakingarecommonactivities.Visitorswithsharpeyesarelikelytospotpolarbears.Togetevenclosertotheanimalsofthesea,visitorscangosnorkelingwithseals.Ofcourse,ArcticadventuresarentcompletewithoutviewingthewondersoftheArcticCircleslargeglaciersandicebergsaswell.OneofthemostimpressiveattractionsandmaybethemostdifficulttoseeistheNorthernLights,oneofthesevennaturalwondersoftheworld.Theyarenaturallightsthatglowgreenandlightupthehorizon.Sometimestheyappearaswavesthatdanceacrosstheskyindifferentcolors.ThebestplacestoviewtheNorthernLightsareinNorthernNorway,SwedensAbiskoNationalPark,Iceland,AmericasAlaskaorCanadasYukon,accordingtospace.CharlesDeehr,anexpertattheUniversityofAlaskaFairbanksGeophysicalInstitute,recommendedplanningatripbetweenwinterandspring,especiallywhenthereisanewmoon.EventhoughtheArcticisapopulartouristdestination,dontforgetthatpeopleliveheretoo.“ItisrecommendedthatvisitorsgowithtourgroupsthatarerespectfulofArcticresidents(居民)andtheirculture,”saidRosa.“Toomanypeoplecandisturbthesmallvillages.Findingtourgroupsthatworkwithlocalcommunitiesisimportant.”1.Theunderlinedpart“blowaway”inParagraph2probablymeans“”.

A.defeatB.affectC.moveD.impress2.WhatcanweknowabouttheNorthernLights?A.Theyonlyproducegreenlightatnight.B.Theyarenaturallightsandhardtosee.C.Theyseldomoccurbetweenwinterandspring.D.Thebesttimetoviewthemiswhenthereisafullmoon.3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.TourgroupsarenotwelcomeamongArcticresidents.B.TheArcticspopulationhasbeenrisinginrecentyears.C.Visitorsshouldchoosesuitabletourgroupswhenvisiting.D.Tourgroupsshouldgetpermissionfromlocalcommunities.4.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassage?A.Toinformvisitorsoflocalculture.B.Torecommendsomeactivitiestovisitors.C.Tointroduceapopulartouristdestination.D.ToshareatravelexperienceintheArctic.答案[語篇解讀]本文為說明文。主題語境為人與社會,主題語境內(nèi)容為旅游線路介紹。本文介紹了北極的旅游景點(diǎn)、活動項(xiàng)目、交通路途及留意事項(xiàng)。1.D揣測詞義題。本題題干意為:第2段中畫線部分“blowaway”的意思可能是。依據(jù)畫線部分前面的句子“TravelingtotheArcticleavesanunforgettableimpressiononthevisitor.”(北極之旅會給游客留下難忘的印象)可推知畫線部分的意思是:給(某人)留下深刻印象,故答案為D項(xiàng)。defeat戰(zhàn)勝;affect影響;move使感動。

2.B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:對于北極光我們知道什么?依據(jù)第4段中的“...andmaybethemostdifficulttoseeistheNorthernLights,oneofthesevennaturalwondersoftheworld.Theyarenaturallightsthat...”可知答案為B項(xiàng)。3.C推理推斷題。本題題干意為:從最終一段我們可以推斷出什么?依據(jù)最終一段中“ItisrecommendedthatvisitorsgowithtourgroupsthatarerespectfulofArcticresidentsandtheirculture”及“Findingtourgroupsthatworkwithlocalcommunitiesisimportant.”可知答案為C項(xiàng)(游客旅游時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)選擇合適的旅行團(tuán))。4.C推理推斷題。本題題干意為:作者寫此篇文章的目的是什么?本文介紹了北極的旅游景點(diǎn)、活動項(xiàng)目、交通路途及留意事項(xiàng)等,其目的是介紹一個受歡迎的旅游目的地。故答案為C項(xiàng)。Passage2Rangeanxiety(里程焦慮),thefearofrunningoutofpowerbeforebeingabletorechargeanelectricvehicle,maybeathingofthepast,accordingtoateamofPennStateengineerswhoarelookingatlithiumironphosphatebatteries(磷酸鐵鋰電池)thathavearangeof250mileswiththeabilitytochargein10minutes.“Wedevelopedaprettycleverbatteryformass-marketelectricvehicles,”saidChao-YangWang,aprofessoranddirectoroftheElectrochemicalEngineCenteratPennState.“Thereisnomorerangeanxietyandthisbatteryisaffordable.”Theresearchersalsosaythatthebatteryshouldbegoodfor2millionmilesinitslifetime.TheyreporttodayinNatureEnergythatthekeytolong-lifeandrapidrechargingisthebatterysabilitytoquicklyheatupto140degreesFahrenheit,forchargeanddischarge,andthencooldownwhenthebatteryisnotworking.Thebatteryusesaself-heatingapproachpreviouslydevelopedinWangscenter.Theself-heatingbatteryusesathinsheetofnickelfoil(鎳箔)withoneendattachedtothenegativeterminalandtheotherextendingoutsidethecelltocreateathirdterminal.Onceelectronsflow,itrapidlyheatsupthenickelfoilthroughresistanceheatingandwarmstheinsideofthebattery.Oncethebatterysinternaltemperatureis140degreesF,theswitchopensandthebatteryisreadyforrapidchargeordischarge.“Thisbatteryhasslenderizedweight,volumeandcost,”saidWang.“Iamveryhappythatwefinallyfoundabatterythatwillbenefitthemainstreamconsumermassmarket.”AccordingtoWang,thesesmallerbatteriescanproducealargeamountofpoweruponheating.Anelectricvehiclewiththisbatterycouldgofromzeroto60milesperhourin3secondsandwoulddrivelikeaPorsche,hesaid.“Thisishowwearegoingtochangetheenvironmentandnotcontributetojusttheluxurycars,”saidWang.“Leteveryoneaffordelectricvehicles.”1.Whichcanbestdescribethebatteryinthetext?A.Cheapandheavy.B.Costlybutbeneficial.C.Expensivebutsmall-sized.D.Affordableandefficient.2.Whycanthebatterybeusedforlongandchargedsofast?A.Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.B.Itheatsupandcoolsdownrapidly.C.Ithelpsspeedupthecarinstantly.D.Itchargeswhenitdoesntwork.3.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Howthebatteryworks.B.Advantagesofthebattery.C.Howthebatteryisproduced.D.Applicationsofthebattery.4.Theunderlinedword“slenderized”inParagraph5canprobablybereplacedby.

A.promotedB.gatheredCbinedD.reduced答案[語篇解讀]本文為新聞報(bào)道。主題語境為人與社會,主題語境內(nèi)容為科技進(jìn)步。賓夕法尼亞州立高校電化學(xué)發(fā)動機(jī)中心開發(fā)了一款新型電池,解決了電力汽車司機(jī)開車時(shí)的里程焦慮問題。1.D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:哪一項(xiàng)能最好地描述本文中的這款電池?依據(jù)第2段中“Thereisnomorerangeanxietyandthisbatteryisaffordable.”(不再有里程焦慮,而且這種電池價(jià)格合理)可知答案為D項(xiàng)。依據(jù)最終一段中“Thisbatteryhasslenderizedweight,volumeandcost”可解除其他選項(xiàng)。2.B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:為什么這款電池運(yùn)用時(shí)間長且充電速度很快?依據(jù)第3段內(nèi)容(他們在今日的《自然·能源》雜志上報(bào)道,長壽命和快速充電的關(guān)鍵是電池在充放電時(shí)能快速加熱到華氏140度,然后在電池不工作時(shí)冷卻)可知答案為B項(xiàng)。3.A主旨要義題。本題題干意為:第4段主要講的是什么?第4段介紹了這款新型電池的工作原理,由此可知答案為A項(xiàng)。4.D揣測詞義題。本題題干意為:第5段中的畫線詞“slenderized”可能被代替。依據(jù)上下文邏輯及構(gòu)詞法(slenderize是由形容詞slender“苗條的,細(xì)的”加上動詞后綴“ize”構(gòu)成)可知畫線詞可由reduce(縮小,減輕)替代,故答案為D項(xiàng)。

Passage3AsPhDresearchgoes,BrianWisendenwasenviable,watchingbabyfishswimmingswiftlythroughtheclearwatersintheCostaRicantropicaldryforest.Byrecordingtheirgrowthandnumbers,hehopedtolookattheirrisksofbeingeaten.Instead,hewitnessedsomethingodd.Manygroupswereincreasinginnumbers.Inthesegroups,someweresmallerthanothers,suggestingtheywerentsiblings(兄弟姐妹).Wisendenhadaccidentallydiscoveredthatthefish,calledconvictcichlids,adopteachothersbabies.Whywouldtheydothat,hewondered?Inthehumanworld,wethinkofadoptionasaselflessact.Butinnature,itspresenceispuzzling.Takingontheburdenofbringingupbabieswithnogeneticlinkwouldseemtoreduceananimalschancesofsurvivaloratleastprovidenogain.Yet,adoptionissurprisinglycommonintheworld.Taketheeasterngreykangaroo.Between2008and2013,Wisendenfollowedthefatesof326babykangaroosintheNationalParkinVictoriaandrecorded11casesofpouch(育兒袋)swapping.Thecircumstancesbehindsomeoftheseadoptionsarentknown,butfourwerestraightswapsandanotherfouroccurredafteramotherhadlostherownbaby.Howcome?Beforeindependence,babykangaroosgothroughaperiodinsideandoutsidetheirmotherspouch.Followingout-of-pouchattacks,mothersnormallysnifftheiryoungbeforeallowingthembackin,butWisendensteamsuspectthatduringanemergencytheymayskipthesnifftest,allowingavulnerablebabytoquicklyclimbinbeforefleeingfromdanger.Onceinsidethewrongpouch,theyoungmayfakethemothersodor,makingthemsmellconfusinglylikeherownchildren.So,poorbabyrecognitionistheprimecauseof“accidental”adoption.Someofnaturesadoptionsare,actually,drivenbyyounglookingforbetterprospects.Inburrowerbugs,forexample,femaleslayanestofeggsclosetothoseofunrelatedbugs.Motherbugslookaftertheirdevelopingeggsbeforetheyhatch,thenfeedtheirbabiesnutsfromweedymintplants.Findingnutsisacompetitivebusiness,sonoteverymotherbuggetsherfairshare.Andifthedeliveryrateisntuptoscratch,cleveryoungmayabandontheirmotherstojoinabetter-fedgroup.Thatssimilartobehaviorinseveralvarietiesofgullswhosebabies,ifpoorlyfed,mayleavehomeinsearchofbetterparents.Theconsequencesofadoptionfollowingmistakenidentitycanbedire(糟糕的).Thetruebabiesofadoptingmotherswereabandoned.Butitcanhaveremarkablebenefits,notjustforadopteesbutalsoforadoptiveparents.1.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatWisendensfindingsare.

A.toostrangetobewitnessedB.enviedbyhispeerco-researchersC.outofhisownexpectationsD.asoundproofofhisresearchobject2.WhichisNOTthereasonforadoptionintheanimalkingdom?A.Parentsinabilitytoprovideenoughfood.B.Babyanimalslookingforbetterparenting.C.Parentsfailuretorecognizetheirownbabies.D.Selflessadoptioncommonlyseenintheanimalworld.3.Theunderlinedword“vulnerable”inthefourthparagraphmeans.

A.independentandwell-fedB.fragileandpoorlyraisedC.naughtyandeasilyhurtD.weakandeasilyattacked4.Whatwilltheauthormostprobablytalkaboutnext?A.Thebenefitsforadopters.B.Theconsequencesofadoption.C.Thebenefitsforbabyanimals.D.Theconsequencesofwrongidentity.答案[語篇解讀]本文為說明文。主題語境為人與自然,主題語境內(nèi)容為自然科學(xué)探討結(jié)果。本文介紹了一些動物的一種驚奇的行為,即撫養(yǎng)與自己沒有基因聯(lián)系的幼崽。1.C推理推斷題。本題題干意為:從文章中我們可以推斷出Wisenden的發(fā)覺是。依據(jù)第1段第2、3句(通過記錄它們的生長和數(shù)量,他希望能探討它們被吃掉的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。相反,他看到了一些驚奇的事情)可知:Wisenden的發(fā)覺是出乎意外的,故答案為C項(xiàng)。

2.D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:在動物王國里,哪一項(xiàng)不是收養(yǎng)的理由?依據(jù)第2段第1句(在人類世界,我們認(rèn)為收養(yǎng)是一種無私的行為)可知:在人類世界收養(yǎng)是一種無私的行為,而不是在動物王國,故答案為D項(xiàng)。依據(jù)第5段倒數(shù)第1、2、3句(找尋堅(jiān)果是一件競爭激烈的工作,所以并不是每個土蝽媽媽都能得到公允的份額。假如誕生率不合乎標(biāo)準(zhǔn),聰慧的孩子可能會拋棄自己的母親,加入一個更好的群體。那與幾種海鷗的行為相像,它們的孩子假如被喂養(yǎng)不好,可能會離家去找尋更好的父母)可解除A、B項(xiàng);依據(jù)第4段最終一句(因此,識別幼崽實(shí)力差是“意外”收養(yǎng)的主要緣由)可解除C項(xiàng)。3.D揣測詞義題。本題題干意為:第4段中畫線詞“vulnerable”的意思是。依據(jù)畫線詞所在句子中的“toquicklyclimbinbeforefleeingfromdanger”(逃離危急前快速爬進(jìn)去)可推知畫線詞的意思是“弱小且簡單被攻擊的”,故答案為D項(xiàng)。

4.A推理推斷題。本題題干意為:作者接下來極有可能談什么?依據(jù)最終一段最終一句(但它可以有顯著的好處,不僅對被收養(yǎng)者,而且對收養(yǎng)孩子的父母)可知作者在接下來可能會談?wù)搶κ震B(yǎng)者的好處,故答案為A項(xiàng)。Passage4WhenIwasseven,myfamilyandIwerecomingbackfromaT-ballgame.Inourdriveway,wespottedtwoadultgeeseandasmallgosling.Theadultswerefrightenedbyourreturnandflewaway,buttheirbabywasstilltooyoungtoflyandcouldntfollow.Hourspassed,andnightfell.Thetinylittlethingwaswanderingaroundouryard,unawareofwhatcouldhappen,anditwasclearthatthegoslingneededprotection,warmthandfoodtomakeittothemorning.Atthatpoint,wehadtobringhimintoourbackyard.Weallprettymuchsleptwithoneeyeopenforseveraldays.Eachmorning,wewouldtrytorushthegooseovertohisparents,whokeptcomingbacktoouryard.Hewouldntgotothem,though,andtheywouldntcomecloseenoughtoclaimhim.Theyounggoosehadclearlydecidedwewerehisnewfamily,andmytwinsisterJoannacalledthelittleguyPeeper.Almostayearpassedandwesettledintoaroutinefilledwithfeatheryhugsandcompany.Oneevening,myunclecameover,andmydadthrewPeeperupintotheairtoshowhecouldflyaroundthehouse,butthistime,Peeperjustflewoff.Everyonewasverysad.Twentyyearspassed,andPeeperbecameafondmemoryformyfamily.In2024,anagingadultgoosemadehiswaybacktomyhome.Atfirst,IassumeditwasjustanotherCanadagoose.Aftertwoweeksofthegoosecomingbackrepeatedly,itbecamecleartomethatthiswasntarandomgoose.HedidallofthethingsPeeperusedtodo,liketryingtocomeinthroughthefrontdoorandsleepinginourenclosedpoolarea.Besides,thisgooserespondedtothenamePeeper.Muchtomyamazement,myoldbestfriendhadreturned,20yearslater.1.Whydidtheauthorbringthelittlegoosehomethatnight?A.Itcouldntfinditsparents.B.Itwastoofragiletosurvive.C.Itwantedtostayintheyard.D.Itenjoyedtheauthorscompany.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“claim”inParagraph3mean?A.Get.B.Forgive.C.Challenge.D.Annoy.3.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.ShenamedthegoosePeeper.B.ShesetPeeperfreeonpurpose.C.ShehaddeepfeelingsforPeeper.D.Shetrainedthegoosetoflydaily.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Afeatheredfamilymember.B.Thereturnofalonglostfriend.C.Thereunionofagoosefamily.D.Anadventurousjourneyhome.答案[語篇解讀]本文為記敘文。主題語境為人與自然,主題語境內(nèi)容為人與動物。作者7歲時(shí),一只小鵝被帶回了她的家,成了作者一家人的摯友。當(dāng)小鵝長大后,它飛走了,可20年后那只鵝又回到了作者的家。1.B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:那天夜里,作者為什么把那只小鵝帶回家?依據(jù)第2段第2句中的(很明顯,這只小鵝須要愛護(hù)、溫溫煦食物才能活到早晨)可知答案為B項(xiàng)。2.A揣測詞義題。本題題干意為:第3段中的畫線詞“claim”是什么意思?依據(jù)畫線詞所在句(它不去找它們,它的父母也不愿走近它)可推知畫線詞的意思是“認(rèn)領(lǐng)”,故答案為A項(xiàng)。3.C推理推斷題。本題題干意為:關(guān)于作者,我們可以從文中推斷出什么?依據(jù)第4段中的內(nèi)容(但這次,佩珀飛走了。每個人都很難過。二十年過去了,佩珀成了我們家的美妙回憶)可推知:作者對那只名為佩珀的小鵝感情很深,故答案為C項(xiàng)。4.B主旨要義題。本題題干意為:本文主要講的是什么?本文講解并描述的是作者7歲時(shí),一只小鵝被帶回家,成了作者一家人的摯友。當(dāng)小鵝長大后,它飛走了,可20年后那只鵝又回到了作者的家。由此可知本文主要講的是“久違摯友的歸來”,故答案為B項(xiàng)。Passage5Thankfully,Ifoundthecouragetopersevereinthefaceofadversityandsucceeded.Otherwise,Icouldbeavictimandfeelsorryformyselffortherestofmylife.AdoctortoldmeatayoungagethatIwouldlikelynevergraduatefromhighschoolduetomyseverehearinglossandmyextremelyslowspeechdevelopment.Ifoundthecouragetoworkhardinschoolandbeactiveinsportsandotheractivitiesdespitewearinghearingaidsandlivingwitha70%hearingloss.BythetimeIwascollege-age,Istartedlosingmynightvision.Idecidedtogoawaytocollege300milesfromhome.Iobtainedmybachelorsdegreeandgraduatedwithhonors.EventhoughIhadterriblehearinglossandwasbeginningtolosemysightatnight,Ifoundthecouragetobeginaprofessionalcareer.AfterearningmyMBAdegree,IacceptedapositionwithKelloggintheCorporateAffairsDepartment.WhenIwasworkingonmyMBAdegree,Ifoundthecouragetoasksomeonesuccessfuldespitefacingsimilarchallengestomentor(指導(dǎo))me.HeencouragedmetoconsiderKelloggasheknewthecompanywascommittedtodiversityandinclusion(包涵).Inervouslystartedmynewcareer,becausemyvisionlosshadprogressedsignificantlyinthepastfewyears.IamthankfultohaveamentorthatencouragedmeandIamthankfulIfoundthecouragetoapplyforapositionwithKellogg.WhileKelloggfostersasupportive,encouragingenvironment,itstilltakescourageformetorequirewhatIneedtomakesureIamsuccessfulinmycareer.Ineedcouragetospeakupandaskforsuitableaccommodationstodomyjob.Ialsohavetoaskforassistancenavigatingthroughunfamiliarareas.IhavefoundthateveryoneatKelloggisalwaysmorethanwillingtotakemyrequestsintoaccount.EventhoughIfacedailychallenges,Ihavesomuchtobegratefulfor.Weoftenfacedifficultieswecannotcontrol,butwecanbecourageousinordertofaceadversityandaddresschallenges.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adversity”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Advertisement.B.Reality.C.Difficulty.D.Reward.2.Whentheauthorwasinhighschool,she.

A.wasverytalkativeinclassB.wasengagedinsportsactivelyC.sufferedaseveremedicalerrorD.droppedoutonceforherhearingloss3.WhatmotivatedtheauthortoapplyforajobinKellogg?A.Amentorsencouragement.B.Heraggressivepersonality.C.Herinterestinachallengingjob.D.Thecompanyssupportforthedisabled.4.WecaninferfromParagraph4that.

A.shepickedupmanyskillsforthisjobB.shehasmetwithalotofmisunderstandingsC.shehastogainlotsofsupportforhercareerD.sheachievedgreatsuccessinhercareer答案[語篇解讀]本文為記敘文。主題語境為人與自我,主題語境內(nèi)容為人生看法。作者講解并描述了通過自己在逆境中堅(jiān)持不懈的努力獲得勝利的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。1.C揣測詞義題。本題題干意為:第1段中畫線詞“adversity”可能是什么意思?依據(jù)下文(否則,我會成為一個犧牲品,自己的整個余生都會感到缺憾)可推斷畫線詞所在句子的意思是:我找到了面對逆境堅(jiān)持下去的志氣,并勝利了。由此可知畫線詞的意思是“逆境”,與“difficulty”意思相近,故答案為C項(xiàng)。2.B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:在作者上中學(xué)時(shí),她。依據(jù)題干中的“highschool”可知第2段為本題的答案區(qū)間,依據(jù)第2段第2句“Ifoundthecouragetoworkhardinschoolandbeactiveinsportsandotheractivitiesdespitewearinghearingaidsandlivingwitha70%hearingloss.”可知答案為B項(xiàng)。

3.A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:是什么激勵作者申請凱洛格的工作?依據(jù)第3段中的“HeencouragedmetoconsiderKelloggasheknewthecompanywascommittedtodiversityandinclusion.”可知答案為A項(xiàng)。

4.C推理推斷題。本題題干意為:從第4段我們能推斷出。依據(jù)第4段尤其是第1句(雖然凱洛格公司營造了一個能夠供應(yīng)幫助的、令人鼓舞的環(huán)境,但我仍舊須要志氣要求我所須要的,以確保我在工作中獲得勝利)可知作者為了自己的工作,須要獲得很多支持。故答案為C項(xiàng)。

Passage6DuringthisyearsSpringFestival,MaRuimadeameme(表情包)byformingacollage(拼貼畫)ofherportraitandimagesoffirecrackersandgoldencoins.Masentittorelativesandfriendsonsocialmediaashernewyearsgreeting.“Traditionaltextgreetingsaretedious.Amemestickerofmyselfismorecreativeandpersonal,”saidMa,a38-year-oldwomanworkinginYinchuan.Asaregularmememaker,Maalsomadehercatanddogthemaincharactersofhercreations.Withherever-increasingmemecollection,shecandealwithmostonlinecommunicationsbysendingmemeswithoutsendingatextmessage.OnChinasmostpopularsocialnetworkingappsWeChatandQQ,manyusershavedevelopedthehabitofcollectingmemesintheiraccounts,includingthosefeaturingcelebrities,animals,andcartooncharacters.MahasbeenusingemojisandmemesonWeChatforabout10years,buttheywerelimitedinthepast.Inrecentyears,meme-makinghasbecomeanewtrend,withtheemergenceofmoredesignersandappsformakingmemes.Withfreeapps,peoplecancreatetheirownmemesandsharethemonline.Asanindustry,meme-makingcanalsobringdecentincomesformemedesigners,injectingvitalityintorelatedproductsandindustries.“Agoodmemecanaccuratelyexpresswhatonemeansandreducemisunderstandingandembarrassment.Thisiswhypeopleneedit,”saidLuoYalong,a30-year-oldmemedesigner.Luocreatedacartooncharacternamed“LittleChubbyInu”.Withthisimage,hedesignednearlyonethousandmemeswithdifferentexpressions,whichhavebeenusedbillionsoftimesonWeChatsinceitwasfirstintroducedin2017.TheimageofLittleChubbyInuhasalsobeenprintedonT-shirts,mugs,andcosmeticsandpackagesofpopulardrinkbrands.Thisyear,LuoopenedanonlinestoreforLittleChubbyInu-themedproducts.Bydrawinginspirationfrompopularwebsitesyoungpeopleliketovisit,Luohasbecomeaprolificmeme-maker,creatinganewseriesofmemeseverytwoorthreemonths.“Attractivememesareemergingeveryday,whileuserstastesareever-changing.Forusdesigners,itcausesgreatpressurebutalsopresentsimmenseopportunities,”Luosaid.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tedious”inParagraph2mean?A.Narrow.B.Dull.C.Ancient.Dmon.2.WhatdoLuoswordsinthelastparagraphsuggest?A.Designersshouldcaterforusersappetite.B.Memescausegreatpressurefordesigners.C.Newinterestingmemesarearisingeveryday.D.Moreandmorememesbringusopportunities.3.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Thestoriesaboutsomefamousmeme-makers.B.MemesgoingviralonChinesesocialnetworkingapps.C.Thedifferencebetweenoldandnewgreetings.D.Memescreatingcartooncharacters.答案[語篇解讀]本文為新聞報(bào)道。主題語境為人與社會,主題語境內(nèi)容為信息技術(shù)創(chuàng)新。本文介紹了在社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用程序上出現(xiàn)的表情包。1.B揣測詞義題。本題題干意為:第2段中畫線詞“tedious”是什么意思?畫線詞所在句子(傳統(tǒng)的短信問候……)是與下句(我自己的表情包更有創(chuàng)意,也更特性化)進(jìn)行比較的,依據(jù)其中的“morecreativeandpersonal”可知畫線詞“tedious”意為“乏味的”,此意與B項(xiàng)(dull)相符,故答案為B項(xiàng)。2.A推理推斷題。本題題干意為:最終一段中羅說的話示意著什么?依據(jù)最終一段羅說的(迷人的表情包每天都在出現(xiàn),而用戶的品嘗也在不斷變更。對于我們設(shè)計(jì)師來說,這帶來了巨大的壓力,但同時(shí)也呈現(xiàn)了巨大的機(jī)遇)可知B、C、D三項(xiàng)都是他干脆說出來的內(nèi)容而非示意內(nèi)容,只有A項(xiàng)(設(shè)計(jì)者應(yīng)當(dāng)迎合用戶的品嘗)是他的話所示意的,故為答案。3.B主旨要義題。本題題干意為:本文的中心思想是什么?文中的關(guān)鍵詞是memes,并非聚焦兩位設(shè)計(jì)師的個人故事,而是借助兩位設(shè)計(jì)師的設(shè)計(jì)給讀者呈現(xiàn)表情包快速走紅這一現(xiàn)象,故答案為B項(xiàng)。Passage7Inrecentyears,Ethiopiahasbecomearegionalleaderinsolidwastemanagement.Lastyear,thecountrytransformedthelandfill(垃圾填埋場)inAddisAbabaintoanewwaste-to-energyplant,thefirstsuchprojectonthecontinent.Theplantincineratesupto1,400tonnesofwasteeveryday,about80percentofthecitysrubbish,supplyingthecapitalwith25percentofitshouseholdelectricityneeds.However,despitetheseimportantsteps,challengesremaininEthiopia.AlthoughthecountryhaspermittedtheBasel,StockholmandRotterdamconventions,lawsandpoliciesonenvironmentallysoundmanagementofhazardous(危急的)wastesarestillnoteffectiveinpreventinglitteringillegally.TohelpEthiopiameetthesechallenges,theChemicalsandWasteManagementProgramissupportingthecountrywithathree-yearprojecttoenhanceitscapacityforsoundmanagementofhazardouswastes.Intheinitialstages,aprojectmanagementunitwillbeformed,madeupofmanyrepresentativesfromgovernmentdepartmentsandprivateorganizations.ThisunitwillberesponsibleforreviewingandassessingEthiopiascurrentlegalsystem,which,despitenumerousadvancesinrecentyears,doesnotspecificallytargettherecyclingofhazardouswaste.Oncelegalgapsareidentified,theprojectwillseektoupdateexistingpoliciesandstrategies.ManypeopleinEthiopiaarenotawareofthepossibleeffectofenvironmentaldamageandtheneedtoreportsuchcrimestothepolice.Toresolvethispressingissue,Ethiopiawillbeconductingaseriesofcapacity-buildingactivities,includingcreatingawareness-raisingprograms,trainingtrainersandprovidingequipment.Ethiopiawillalsoworktoestablishanationalmechanismforchemicalsandwastemanagementbyengaginggovernmentdepartmentsandcivilsocietygroups.Authoritieswillalsomakebudgetaryprovisions(預(yù)算撥款)innational,regionalandinstitutionalplanningtoensurefundingfortheseactivitiesissustainableevenaftertheprojectscompletion.1.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“incinerates”inParagraph1?A.producesB.gathersC.burnsD.absorbs2.WhatsthemainproblemofEthiopiainwastemanagement?A.Thefundsarenotsufficient.B.Theshortageofworkersissevere.C.Thepollutionlevelistoohigh.D.Therelevantlawsarenotsound.3.WhatwillEthiopiadotohelpthenativesprotecttheenvironment?A.Raisetheirenvironmentalawareness.B.Callonthemtostartsomeprograms.C.Rewardthemwithbudgetaryprovisions.D.Restricttheirenvironmentalmovement.4.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Ethiopiaisfacingseriousenvironmentalproblems.B.Ethiopiaisputtingeffortsintowastemanagement.C.Ethiopiahasachievedsuccessinwastemanagement.D.Ethiopiahasreducedenvironmentalpollutionlevels.答案[語篇解讀]本文為說明文。主題語境為人與自然,主題語境內(nèi)容為環(huán)境愛護(hù)。本文介紹了埃塞俄比亞廢物處理的有關(guān)狀況。1.C揣測詞義題。本題題干意為:哪一項(xiàng)可以取代第1段中的畫線詞“incinerates”?依據(jù)語境可推知畫線詞所在句子意為:這家工廠每天焚燒多達(dá)1,400噸的垃圾,約占該市垃圾的80%,為首都供應(yīng)25%的家庭用電需求。由此可知畫線詞的意思是“焚燒”,故答案為C項(xiàng)。2.D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:在廢物管理方面,埃塞俄比亞的主要問題是什么?依據(jù)第2段第2句(雖然該國已經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)了巴塞爾、斯德哥爾摩和鹿特丹公約,但危急廢物的無害環(huán)境管理的法律和政策仍舊不能有效地防止非法亂扔廢物)及第3段(為了幫助埃塞俄比亞應(yīng)對這些挑戰(zhàn),化學(xué)品和廢物管理支配正在支持該國實(shí)施一個為期三年的項(xiàng)目,以增加該國對危急廢物進(jìn)行健全管理的實(shí)力)可知:埃塞俄比亞在廢物管理方面的主要問題是相關(guān)法規(guī)不健全,故答案為D項(xiàng)。3.A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:埃塞俄比亞為了幫助本地人愛護(hù)環(huán)境將做什么事情?依據(jù)第5段中的“...Ethiopiawillbeconductingaseriesofcapacity-buildingactivities,includingcreatingawareness-raisingprograms,trainingtrainersandprovidingequipment.”可知答案為A項(xiàng)。

4.B主旨要義題。本題題干意為:本文主要講了什么?依據(jù)第1段(主題段落)可知本文主要講的是埃塞俄比亞在廢物處理方面的努力,故答案為B項(xiàng)。Passage8Whatdoyoudowitholdstuff?Thatdressyouboughtforapartythreeyearsago,forexample.Youworeitonceandputitawaysomewhere.So,whattodo?IntheUK,wemighttakeittoacharityshop.ThefirstcharityshopsappearedinBritaininthe19thcentury.TheSalvationArmywasoneofthefirsttorunasecond-handclothingshoptoprovidetheneedywithaffordableclothes.ThiswasfollowedbycharitiessuchastheBritishRedCross,whoalsorelievedhardshipandraisedmoneyforthewareffortduringWorldWarTwo.In1947,OxfamopenedacharityshopinHighStreet,Oxford,whichisthemodernformweknowtoday.Thesedays,charityshopsareacommonsightwitharound11,200shopsacrosstheUK,accordingtotheCharityRetailAssociation.Duringbusinesshoursthepubliccandonatetheirunwanteditemstoacharityshop—clothes,books,electronics,furniture.Theseitemsarecheckedforwearandtearandiffoundstillserviceable,theywillbepriceduptobesoldataheavilydiscountedprice.Formany,thisisawin-winsituation.Tothecharity,itmeansavaluablesourceofincome.Totheconsumer,itprovidestheopportunitytobuy,oftenextremelycheaply,itemsandclothes.Tothedonator,itmayhelptoassuageconsumerguilt.“Youcanmakeaprettygoodcasetoyourselfthatyouaredoinggood,becausewhatyouaredoingisgoingtowardsacharitablecauseandyouaresavingstufffromlandfill,”ClarePress,fashionjournalistandsustainablestyleadvocate,tellsTheGuardian.Therearesometimeshiddentreasuresforthebuyers,too.Takeascreenprintforexample.Itwasboughtfor99pandlaterfoundtobebyEnglishartistBenNicholson.Itwassoldfor￡4,200.Sonexttimeyouneedtoridyourselfofsomething,spareathoughtforthecharityshop—afterall,charitybeginsathome!1.Thetextismainlywrittento.

AmentonthebenefitsofcharityshopsB.analyzethepopularityoftheUKcharitiesC.listthenamesofthefirstUKcharityshopsD.introducesomethingaboutUKcharityshops2.Moderncharityshopsmightberunby.

A.theBritishRedCrossB.TheSalvationArmyC.OxfamD.theCharityRetailAssociation3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“assuage”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Ease.B.Add.C.Mix.D.Increase.4.Whatdoestheauthoradvisepeopletodointhelastparagraph?A.Getridofunwanteditems.B.Startcharityfromdailylife.C.Beenvironmentallyfriendly.D.Makeadifferencetothefuture.答案[語篇解讀]本文為說明文。主題語境為人與社會。本文介紹了英國的慈善商店的歷史、經(jīng)營方式及社會意義。1.D推理推斷題。本題題干意為:本文的主要寫作目的是。第一段以問題的形式引出文章主題,依據(jù)第2段及后面段落內(nèi)容可知本文介紹的是英國慈善商店的有關(guān)內(nèi)容,故答案為D項(xiàng)。

2.C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:現(xiàn)代慈善商店可能由經(jīng)營。依據(jù)第2段中的“In1947,OxfamopenedacharityshopinHighStreet,Oxford,whichisthemodernformweknowtoday.”可知答案為C項(xiàng)。

3.A揣測詞義題。本題題干意為:第3段中畫線詞“assuage”可能是什么意思?依據(jù)畫線詞后面的句子(你可以很好地證明你是在做好事,因?yàn)槟闼龅氖菫榱舜壬剖聵I(yè),你正在從垃圾填埋場中挽救一些東西)可知畫線詞所在句子意為:對于捐獻(xiàn)者來說,那可能會有助于減輕消費(fèi)者內(nèi)疚感,故答案為A項(xiàng)(減輕)。4.B推理推斷題。本題題干意為:作者在最終一段建議人們做什么?依據(jù)最終一段尤其是最終一句(所以下次你須要扔掉一些東西的時(shí)候,想想慈善商店——終歸,慈善事業(yè)從家里起先!)可知答案