初中英語狀語從句講解及典型例題

狀語從句在復(fù)合句中，用作狀語的從句叫狀語從句。狀語從句根據(jù)它表達(dá)的意義可以分為：時間狀語從句、地點(diǎn)狀語從句、原因狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、條件狀語從句、目的狀語從句、比較狀語從句、方式狀語從句。（1）時間狀語從句引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的連詞或短語有：when,while,as,before,after,since,until,assoonas,once,eachtime,nexttime等。When引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句When引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時，意為“當(dāng)....時”，表示主句的動作與從句的動作同時或先后發(fā)生。例：Whenyouaredoingyourhomework,youmustbecareful.Someoneknocked（敲）atthedoorwhenIwassleeping.Whenshefirstsawtherobot,shefeltastonished（驚訝）.WhenTomgothome,heweptwithanger.注意：when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中的動詞可以是延續(xù)性的，也可以是非延續(xù)性的。while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，意為“與...同時；在...期間”例：Theyenteredtheroomwhilewewerediscussingproblems.FatherwascleaningthecarwhileIwasplayingcomputergames.Whenshewasincollege,shefeltinlovewithMike.注意：while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中的動詞必須為延續(xù)性或者表示狀態(tài)的動詞。as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，表達(dá)“正當(dāng)...，一邊...一邊...”強(qiáng)調(diào)主從句動作同時發(fā)生。例：IheardtheirvoiceasIcrossthehall（走廊，過道）.Asshesang,thetearsrandownhercheek（臉頰）.AsIwaitedatthestop,Iheardabignoise.before引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句before意為“在...之前”,引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，表示主語的動作在從句前發(fā)生。例：Wecleanedtheclassroombeforeweleftschoolyesterday.It’llnotbelongbeforeyouregret（后悔）whatyou’vedone.after引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句after意為“在...之后”,引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，表示主語的動作在從句后發(fā)生。例：Hecalledmeafterhehadfinishedhishomework.Sheusuallytakesawalkaftershehasdinner.since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句Since常意為“自從......”主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句用一般過去時。例：EverythinghaschangedsinceIwashere.Ihaven’theardfromhimsincehemovedaway.常用句型：Itis/hasbeen+時間段+since從句，意為“自從....已經(jīng)多少時間”例：IthasbeenthreeyearssinceImovedtoBeijing.自從我搬到北京已經(jīng)有兩年的時間了。till和until導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句Till和until用于肯定句時，主句動詞為延續(xù)性動詞，意為“直達(dá)...才”表示“某動作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到某時間點(diǎn)才停止”；用于否定句時，主句動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞。注意：無論用于肯定或否定，從句都為肯定句。例：Iwillstayhereuntilyoucomeback.Hewon’tgotobeduntilshereturns.assoonas引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句assoonas意為“一...就...”表示從句的動作一發(fā)生，主句的動作馬上發(fā)生。例：Assoonasheheardthenews（消息，新聞）,hejumpedwithjoy.他一聽說那個消息，就開心地跳了起來。I’llwritetoyouassoonasIgetthere.我一到那兒就給你寫信。Hecontacted（聯(lián)系）usassoonashearrivedinShanghai.他一到上海就和我們?nèi)〉寐?lián)系。bythetime引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句bythetime意為“到...時候”，由bythetime引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句要注意時態(tài)的變化：一般情況下，如果從句的謂語用一般過去時（did），那么主句的謂語用過去完成時（haddone）。例：Bythetimeyoucameback,Ihadfinishedthisprogram.BythetimeIarrivedatthebusstation,thebushadalreadyleft.（2）原因狀語從句引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的連詞主要有：because,as,since,for,nowthat等。because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句意為“因為”，表因果關(guān)系的語氣最強(qiáng)，用來回答why的問句，because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句往往比主句顯得更重要。例：Istayedathome,becauseitrained.Tomdidn’tcometoschool,becauseheisill.Wewonthegame,becausewehavestrongplayers.since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句Since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句表示人們已知的事實，不需強(qiáng)調(diào)原因，常譯為“既然”。Since引導(dǎo)的從句是次要的，主要強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的內(nèi)容。例：Sincehewasbusy,hedidn’tcome.Sinceyouarefreetoday,whynotplaychesswithme.as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句as和since的用法差不多，所引出的原因?qū)τ谡f話者看來已經(jīng)很顯然，或已成為聽話人所熟悉的，不需要用because加以強(qiáng)調(diào)。例：AsMondayistheNationalHoliday（國慶節(jié)）,allgovernmentofficeswillbeclosed.IhavetospeakEnglishwiththemastheydon’tknowanyChinese.for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句只能跟在主句的后面，相當(dāng)于漢語的“其理由是”。例：Istoppedtorest,forIwasverytired.Thedaysareshort,foritisDecembernow.（3）條件狀語從句條件狀語從句的連詞或短語有：if,unless,so/aslongas等。if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句if是引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句最常用的連詞，意為“如果”。例：IfyoutravelinIndia（印度）,youcanuseEnglisheverywhere.I’lltellyouaboutit,ityoucome.Myparentswilltakemetotheparkiftheyarefree.unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句Unless意為“除非...要不然”。意思相當(dāng)于“ifnot”例：You’llfailintheexamunlessyoustudyhard.You’llmiss（錯過）thetrainunlessyougetupearly.

3.as/solongas引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句as/solongas引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“只要”例：Youcankeepthebookaslongasyoulike.Youcanusemyroomaslongasyoukeepitclean.Iamhappyaslongasyouarehappy.（4）結(jié)果狀語從句引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有：sothat,so...that...,such...that...等。sothat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句sothat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，意為“因此，所以”例：Shewasillsothatshecantgetoutofbed.他病了，下不了床了so...that.../such...that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句so...that...和such...that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，都意為“如此...，以至于...”注意：這兩個短語雖意思相同，但使用方法不同，so為副詞，其后可跟形容詞或副詞，而such為形容詞，其后只可跟名詞。①so...that..常見結(jié)構(gòu)如下：so+形容詞/副詞+that例：Maryissolovelythatweallliketoplaywithher.so+形容詞+a(an)+單數(shù)名詞+that例：Itissohotadaythatnobodywantstodoanything.so+many/few+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+that例：Therearesomanypeoplethatwearehardtomove.so+much/little+不可數(shù)名詞+that例：Thereissolittletimethatwehavetospeedup（加速）.②such...that...常見結(jié)構(gòu)如下：such+a(an)+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that例：Maryissuchalovelygirlthatweallliketoplaywithher.such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+that例：Thesearesuchdifficultquestionsthatnoneofuscouldanswerthem.such+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞例：Wehadsuchterribleweatherthatwecouldn’tfinishtheworkontime.（5）目的狀語從句引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的連詞有：sothat,inorderthat等。sothat和inorderthat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，意思都為“以便，為了”。例：Youshouldtalktohimsothatyoucansayyouaresorry.IshouldstudyhardinorderthatIcanpasstheexam.（6）讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句，屬于狀語從句中的一種。一般翻譯為“盡管……”或“即使……”等，就是我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪杏玫摹巴艘徊秸f…”的感覺。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞或短語有：though,although,eventhough,evenif,as等。although/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句although/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“雖然”例：Althoughthetrafficwasheavy,wegottotherailwaystationontime.雖然交通擁堵，我們?nèi)耘f準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)了火車站。ThoughIbelieveit,Imustconsider（考慮）.雖然我相信，但我必須一下。注意：切記although/though不能和but連用。例：Althoughthetrafficwasheavy,butwegottotherailwaystationontime.（×）Althoughthetrafficwasheavy,wegottotherailwaystationontime.（√）eventhough/evenif引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句evenalthough/evenif引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“即使”例：Eventhoughheis80,hestilllooksstrongandhealthy.Evenifweachievegreatsuccess,weshouldnotbeproud（驕傲）.注意：切記evenalthough/evenif同樣不能和but連用。as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句必須倒裝即將從句的表語、狀語或動詞原形等置于句首。①表語+as+主語+系動詞例：Tiredasheis,heofferstohelpme.Studentasheis,hedoesn’tstudyhard.②副詞+as+主語+謂語例：Hardasheworks,hemakeslittleprogress.Fastasyouread,youcan’tfinishthebooksosoon.③動詞原形+as+主語+謂語的另一部分（情態(tài)動詞，助動詞等）例：Tryasyouwill,youwon’tbeabletopersuade（說服）him.Δ例題：①---Mom,shallwehavesupper（晚飯）now?---Oh,wewon’thavesupper_______yourdadcomesback.A.untilB.sinceC.whileD.after②---Howdoyoulikeyournewschool,Tom?---Itisverycleanandbeautiful_______itisabitsmall.IfB.sinceC.unlessD.although③---Manypeopledonotrealize（意識到）theimportanceofhealth_______theyhavefallenill.A.UntilB.whileC.whenD.after④_______theweatherisfinetomorrow,wewillgofishing.A.AswellasB.AssoonasC.AslongasD.Asfaras⑤Howcanweimproveourenvironmentalot_______eachofusdoessomethingusefulforit.A.WhileB.untilC.after