上海靜安區(qū)2021高考英語語法填空及閱讀類學(xué)生自選練習(xí)(1)(答案)

上海靜安區(qū)2021高考英語語法填空及閱讀類同學(xué)自選練習(xí)（1）（答案）語法填空閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(原創(chuàng))Aboylostinthewildernesswassavedbyakangaroo.That’sthestoryfloatingaroundafterSimonKruger,a7-year-oldboy,1(rescue)fromAustralia’sDeepCreekConservationPark.AccordingtoAustralia’s7News,thestorybegan2Simonwanderedoffafterthefamilyateapicniclunch.Apparentlytheboy3driftedawaytopickflowersforhismomgothopelesslylost—andwithoutadequatewarmclothingtostayoutovernightintheforest.Apolicesearch,includinghelicopters,followed.4Simonwasn’tfoundfor24hours—eventhoughhewas5(ultimate)discoveredonlyabouthalfakilometer6thefamily’scampsite.HisfatherEtienneKrugerthinks7sonwasdisoriented(不辨方向的)whentherainandwindsweptinafterhegotlost.Theovernightweatherwascoldandwet,droppingtoalowofaround438(degree)Fahrenheit.Sohowdidthelostboysurvivethecold,wetnight?ThefamilysaidthatSimon’sflowersforhismomattracted9kangaroo.Hisdadexplained:“Akangaroocameclosertohimtoeattheflowersfromhim,andfellasleepnexttohim.IthinkGodsentakangaroo10(keep)himwarm.”【文章大意】7歲男孩西蒙·克魯格在澳大利亞的深溪愛護(hù)區(qū)公園丟失,因袋鼠掛念取暖而獲救。1.【解析】wasrescued。考查語態(tài)。rescue和主語SimonKruger之間是被動關(guān)系,且是發(fā)生在過去的動作,應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。2.【解析】when?？疾檫B詞。句意:依據(jù)澳大利亞7News的報道,這個故事始于西蒙全家的一頓野餐,野餐后西蒙一個人在叢林里閑逛。when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。3.【解析】who。考查關(guān)系代詞。who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾theboy,且在從句中作主語。4.【解析】But?？疾檫B詞。由上下文可知,此處表轉(zhuǎn)折,應(yīng)用but連接。5.【解析】ultimately?？疾楦痹~。修飾動詞(wasdiscovered),應(yīng)用副詞。6.【解析】from?？疾榻樵~。表示距離用from。7.【解析】his?？疾槲镏鞔~。代替主語EtienneKruger,用物主代詞his。8.【解析】degrees?？疾槊~。degree是可數(shù)名詞,“華氏43度”應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。9.【解析】a。考查冠詞。此處泛指一只袋鼠,應(yīng)加不定冠詞a。10.【解析】tokeep?？疾椴欢ㄊ?。sendsb.todosth.派某人做某事,不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。完形填空Peter’sjobwastoexaminecarswhentheycrossedthefrontiertomakesurethattheywerenotsmugglinganythingintothecountry.Everyeveninghewouldseeafactoryworkercoming__1__thehilltowardsthefrontier,__2__abikewithapileofgoodsofoldstrawonit.Whenthebike__3__thefrontier,Peterwouldstopthemanand__4__himtakethestrawoffanduntieit.Thenhewouldexaminethestrawvery__5__tosee__6__hecouldfindanything,afterwhichhewouldlookinalltheman’spockets__7__helethimtiethestrawagain.Themanwouldthenputitonhisbikeandgooffdownthehillwithit.AlthoughPeterwasalways__8__tofindgoldorothervaluablethings__9__inthestraw,heneverfound__10__.Hewassurethemanwas__11__something,buthewasnot__12__tothinkoutwhatitcouldbe.Thenoneevening,afterhehadlooked__13__thestrawandemptiedtheworker’spockets__14__usual,he__15__tohim,“Listen,Iknowyouaresmugglingthings__16__thisfrontier.Won’tyoutellmewhatitis?I’manoldman,andtoday’smylastdayonthe__17__.TomorrowI’mgoingto__18__.IpromiseIshallnottell__19__ifyoutellmewhatyou’vebeensmuggling.”Theworkerdidnotsayanythingfor__20__.Thenhesmiled,turnedtoPeterandsaidquietly,“Bikes.”名師點評這篇完型填空敘述了身為邊防檢查員的彼得明知一個工廠工人在走私貨物卻無法抓住對方的把柄。在退休的前一天，彼得懇請其說出真相，結(jié)果令彼得恍然大悟。(D)1.A.towards B.down C.to D.up【解析】D。依據(jù)下文這個工人越過邊界后，走下山坡，所以到達(dá)邊界之前應(yīng)在朝山上走。故選up。(C)2.A.filling B.pulling C.pushing D.carrying【解析】C。這名工人是在推著一輛裝有稻草的自行車，故選動詞pushing。(D)3.A.arrived B.appeared C.came D.reached【解析】D。這里表達(dá)的是到達(dá)邊界之意arrive,come為不及物動詞不行直接接thefrontier，故選reached。(C)4.A.ask B.order C.make D.call【解析】C。ask與order后接不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)時，動詞前應(yīng)有to,make后接不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)時，動詞前to要省去。依據(jù)下文應(yīng)選make。(A)5.A.carefully B.quickly C.silently D.horribly【解析】A。彼得想發(fā)覺這個工人在走私什么，所以應(yīng)認(rèn)真地檢查。故選carefully。(D)6.A.that B.where C.how D.whether【解析】D。這里依據(jù)文意，應(yīng)選擇表示“是否”之意的whether作賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。(A)7.A.before B.after C.first D.so【解析】A。依據(jù)常理，彼得應(yīng)先檢查這個工人的口袋才能讓他捆起稻草走人，故選before。(B)8.A.lucky B.hoping C.thinking D.wondering【解析】B．依據(jù)文意，彼得心中始終懷著查獲走私物品的期望，故選hoping。(B)9.A.hadbeen B.hidden C.hiding D.havebeen【解析】B。這里things和hide之間是被動關(guān)系,現(xiàn)在分詞hiding作定語時表示主動，所以應(yīng)用過去分詞hidden作后置定語表被動。(D)10.A.nothing B.something C.everything D.anything【解析】D。本句中否定詞never及文意打算了這里應(yīng)選anything。(B)11.A.taking B.smuggling C.stealing D.pushing【解析】B。四個選項從語法上講都可以，只能從文意上進(jìn)行區(qū)分，smuggling意為“走私”，是正確選項。(C)12.A.possible B.strong C.able D.clever【解析】C。固定結(jié)構(gòu)beabletodosth.意為“能夠干某事”。(A)13.A.through B.thoroughly C.upon D.up【解析】A。習(xí)慣用語lookthrough意為“徹底檢查”。(D)14.A.like B.more C.then D.as【解析】D?！癮susual”為固定短語，意為“象平常一樣”。(D)15.A.told B.cried C.ordered D.said【解析】D。tell,order后面應(yīng)直接接人作賓語表示告知某人和命令某人，而用say應(yīng)為saytosb.故said為正確選項。(C)16.A.cross B.past C.across D.into【解析】C．這里應(yīng)選擇一個介詞構(gòu)成介詞短語在句中做狀語。介詞past表“經(jīng)過”；across強(qiáng)調(diào)“從一邊到另一邊”；而into表示“進(jìn)入到……里面”。依據(jù)文意across應(yīng)為正確選項。(C)17.A.thing B.work C.job D.duty【解析】C?！皁nthejob”為一常用短語。意為“執(zhí)行公務(wù)”。(C)18.A.rest B.back C.retire D.retreat【解析】C。由于今日是彼得最終一天上班說明明天他就要退休retire。(B)19.A.everyone B.anyone C.noone D.someone【解析】B。依據(jù)句中否定詞not及文意應(yīng)選anyone。(D)20.A.moment B.longtime C.sometime D.sometime【解析】D。本句說明這個工人回答彼得的問題之前緘默了一會兒。A選項應(yīng)用amoment；C選項表示某一點時間；D選項表示一段時間或一會兒，為正確選項。閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項中，選出最佳選項。 HumanremainsofancientsettlementswillbereburiedandlosttoscienceunderalawthatthreatensresearchintothehistoryofhumansinBritain,agroupofleadingarchaeologists(考古學(xué)家)says.Ialetteraddressedtothejusticesecretary,KenClarke,40archaeologistswriteoftheir“deepandwidespreadconcern”abouttheissue.ItcentersonthelawintroducedbytheMinistryofJusticein2008whichrequiresallhumanremainsunearthedinEnglandandWalestobereburiedwithintwoyears,regardlessoftheirage.Thedecisionmeansscientistshavetoolittletimetostudybonesandotherhumanremainsofnationalandculturalsignificance. “Yourcurrentrequirementthatallarchaeologicallyunearthedhumanremainsshouldbereburied,whetherafterastandardperiodoftwoyearsorfurtherspecialextension,iscontrarytobasicprinciplesofarchaeologicalandscientificresearchandofmuseumpractice,”theywrite. Thelawappliestoanypiecesofboneuncoveredataround400digsites,includingtheremainsof60orsobodiesfoundatStonehengein2008thatdatebackto3,000BC.Archaeologistshavebeengrantedatemporaryextensiontogivethemmoretime,buteventuallytheboneswillhavetobereturnedtotheground. ThearrangementsmayresultinthewasteoffuturediscoveriesatsitessuchasHappisburghinNorfolk,wherediggingiscontinuingafterthediscoveryofstonetoolsmadebyearlyhumans950,000yearsago.IfhumanremainswerefoundatHappisburgh,theywouldbetheoldestinnorthernEuropeandthefirstindicationofwhatthisspecieswas.Underthecurrentpracticeofthelawthoseremainswouldhavetobereburiedandeffectivelydestroyed. Before2008,guidelinesallowedfortheproperpreservationandstudyofbonesofsufficientageandhistoricalinterest,whiletheBurialAct1857appliedtomorerecentremains.TheMinistryofJusticeassuredarchaeologiststwoyearsagothatthelawwastemporary,buthassofarfailedtoreviseit. MikeParkerPearson,anarchaeologistatSheffieldUniversity,said:“ Theministryhasnoguidelinesonwhereorhowremainsshouldbereburied,oronwhatrecordsshouldbekept.1.Accordingtothepassage,scientistsareunhappywiththelawmainlybecause_________. A.itisonlyatemporarymeasureonthehumanremains B.itisunreasonableandthusdestructivetoscientificresearch C.itwasintroducedbythegovernmentwithouttheirknowledge D.itisvagueaboutwhereandhowtoreburyhumanremains2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage? A.Temporaryextensionoftwoyearswillguaranteescientistsenoughtime. B.HumanremainsoftheoldestspeciesweedugoutatHappisburgh. C.Humanremainswillhavetobereburieddespitetheextensionoftime. D.Scientistshavebeenwarnedthatthelawcanhardlybechanged.3.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheBritishlawgoverninghumanremains? A.TheMinistryofJusticedidnotintendittoprotecthumanremains. B.TheBurialAct1857onlyappliedtoremainsuncoveredbefore1857. C.Thelawonhumanremainshasn’tchangedinrecentdecades. D.TheMinistryofJusticehasnotdoneenoughaboutthelaw.4.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage? A.Newdiscoveriesshouldbereburied,thegovernmentdemands. B.Researchtimeshouldbeextended,scientistsrequire. C.Lawonhumanremainsneedsthoroughdiscussion,authoritiessay. D.Lawcouldburyancientsecretsforever,archaeologistswarn.【參考答案】1—4、ＢＣＤＤ閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項中，選出最佳選項。AsaprofessoratalargeAmericanuniversity，Ioftenhearaphrasefromstudents：“I’monlya1050.”TheunluckystudentsarespeakingofthescoreontheScholasticAptitudeTest(SAT)，whichisusedtodeterminewhethertheywillbeadmittedtothecollegeoruniversityoftheirchoice，orevenhaveachancetogetahighereducationatall.TheSATscore，whetheritis800,1100or1550，hasbecomethefocusatthistimeoftheirlife.Itisobviousthatifstudentsvaluehighlytheirtestscores，thenagreatamountoftheirself-respectisputinthenumber.Studentswhoperformpoorlyontheexamareleftfeelingthatitisallover.Thelowtestscore，theythink，willmakeitimpossibleforthemtogetintoagoodcollege.Andwithoutadegreefroma_prestigious_university，theyfearthatmanyoflife’sdoorswillremainforeverclosed.Accordingtoastudydoneinthe1990s，theSATisonlyareliableindicatorofastudent’sfutureperformanceinmostcases.Interestingly，itbecomesmuchmoreaccuratewhenitissettogetherwithotherindicators—likeastudent’shighschoolgrades.EvenifstandardizedtestsliketheSATcouldshowastudent’sacademicproficiency(學(xué)業(yè)水平)，theywillneverbeabletotestthingslikeconfidence，effortsandwillpower，andareunabletogiveusthefullpictureofastudent’spotentialities(潛力).ThisisnottosuggestthatweshouldstopusingSATscoresinourcollegeadmissionprocess.TheSATisanexcellenttestinmanyways，andthescoreisstillausefulmeansoftestingstudents.However，itshouldbeonlyoneofmanymethodsused.1.ThepurposeoftheSATistoteststudents’________.A.strongwillB.academicabilityC.fullpotentialitiesD.confidenceinschoolwork2.Students’self-respectisinfluencedbytheir________.A.scoresintheSATB.achievementsinmathematicsC.jobopportunitiesD.moneyspentoneducation3.Theunderlinedphrase“aprestigiousuniversity”probablymeans“________”.A.afamousuniversityB.atechnicaluniversityC.atraditionaluniversityD.anexpensiveuniversity4.Thispassageismainlyabout________.A.howtopreparefortheSATB.stresscausedbytheSATC.AmericanhighereducationD.theSATanditseffects【閱讀心得】1.However，manyoftheyoungreadersaregettinginterestedinsuchpoisonousreading，whichcoststhemwhattheyshouldpayfortheirbreakfastandbringsthemnightmaresandimmoralideasinreturn.(完形填空其次段倒數(shù)其次句)然而，很多年輕的讀者對這些有害刊物格外感愛好，而這些刊物花掉了他們本該去買早飯的錢，反而給他們帶來了噩夢和邪惡的想法。(1)Ibo