Part-1-Reading-and-Thinking(解析版)(人教版2019選擇性必修第一冊(cè))

Unit3

FascinatingParksPart1ReadingandThinking課前積累課前積累英漢互譯________給……留下印象；使銘記________鼓舞，激勵(lì)adopt________patience________________聯(lián)系，聯(lián)想，聯(lián)合________v.贈(zèng)送；頒發(fā)；提交；展現(xiàn)adj.當(dāng)前的；出席的，在場(chǎng)的n.禮物，禮品surround________________vt.覆蓋；掩蔽包含；涉及n.掩蔽物，覆蓋物；封面absorb________________取得，達(dá)到，完成答案自查答案自查1.impress2.inspire3.采用（某方法）；收養(yǎng)，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)4.耐心，忍耐力5.associate6.present7.圍繞，包圍8.cover9.吸收；吞并；理解10.achieve課后培課后培優(yōu)練級(jí)練培優(yōu)第一階——基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練I.單詞拼寫1．Inmyopinion,smokingshouldbecompletelyb_______becauseitiscloselyrelatedtolungcancer.【答案】banned2．It’sav__________city,butthehistoriccenterisquitesmall.【答案】vast3．Allschoolsinourprovincea________newEnglishtextbookstoimprovestudents’listening,speaking,readingandwritingabilitiesthreeyearsago.【答案】adopted4．Dinnerwillbeacoldb________,notasit-downmeal.【答案】buffet5．Ashighschoolstudents,wemustspendthev________majorityofourtimeinclassandreadingbooks.【答案】vast6．Underthenewcurriculumstandard,ourteachershave________(采用)thenewmethodofteaching.【答案】adopted7．Smokingshouldbe________(禁止，取締)incars,andparticularlyanyvehiclewithchildreninit.【答案】banned8．Inthepandemicerawhenpeoplehavetowearfacemasks,theonly________(可見的)partsoffacesareeyes.【答案】visible9．Astheyhadnochildrenoftheirown,they(收養(yǎng))anorphan.【答案】adopted10．Recentlymanyseniorstudentslivearoundtheschool,a________(陪伴)bytheirparentorgrandparent.【答案】accompaniedII.短語填空cometomind

atpeacewith

leavebehind

usedto

inordertofeelblessed

onthemove

pickup

feedon

behometo1．I

_____________tohave

such

good

friends.

I

am

really

content

with

my

life.2．When

youthink

of

animals

that

sing,

birds

willcertainly_____________.

Whales

might,

too.3．Shedecidedto___________thehousefromthetopdownbecauseitwasinamess.4．Butterflies

_____________

a

sweet

liquid

produced

by

flowers.5．AttheWorldPeaceConference,Chinaexpresseditswillingnesstobe___________allcountries.6．Onthe

wide

plain,hundreds

of

animals______________,

wasdifficulttocountthemclearly.7．Teamwork

is

required

________________

achieve

these

aims.8．Atpresent,thelake________________

manyvariouskindsofrarebirds.9．They'relookingbackandtryingtounderstandthesignificanceoftheirexperienceandwhatthey’ll___.10．She

_____________

work

for

me,

but

our

situationsare

now

reversed.【答案】1．feelblessed2．cometomind3．pickup4．feedon5．a(chǎn)tpeacewith6．onthemove7．inorderto8．ishometo9．leavebehind10．usedtoIII.單句語法填空1．Ishallbepleasedtogo,ifyouwill_____(accompany)me.【答案】accompany【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：如果你愿意陪我，我很樂意去。if從句中的will是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填accompany。2．Wefoundthefilmharmful,soweorderedit____(ban).【答案】banned【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這部電影有害，所以下令禁播。句中ordered為謂語，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該填寫非謂語動(dòng)詞。it指代前文的film，與ban之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)該使用過去分詞。ban為動(dòng)詞，意為“禁止”，過去分詞為banned。故填banned。3．Sofarthelocalgovernment________newpolicieswhichaimtoreduceairpollutionandthey’veprovedeffective.(adopt)【答案】hasadopted【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：到目前為止，當(dāng)?shù)卣呀?jīng)采取了旨在減少空氣污染的新政策，這些政策被證明是有效的。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Sofar可知，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語是名詞單數(shù)government，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填hasadopted。4．Whenthestarsareout,theyare________(invisible).【答案】visible【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：星星出來了，就看得見它們了。根據(jù)句意和提示詞可知，應(yīng)填提示詞的反義詞visible，作表語，表示“看得見的”。故填visible。5．AverybeautifultownBravuogninSwitzerlandhasbannedtourists________takingphotosinordertogetholidaymakers(度假者)totakeabreakfromsocialmedia.【答案】from【詳解】考查介詞。句意：瑞士一個(gè)非常美麗的小鎮(zhèn)Bravuogn已經(jīng)禁止游客拍照，以便讓度假者暫時(shí)脫離社交媒體。根據(jù)句意及空格前動(dòng)詞ban，可知此處考查動(dòng)詞短語bansb.fromdoingsth.(禁止某人做某事)。故填from。6．Thechangingvividcolorsofthesunsetarereally________(fascinate).【答案】fascinating【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：日落變幻的鮮艷色彩真是迷人。根據(jù)句意和句中are可知，空格處應(yīng)用形容詞，在句中作表語，fascinate意為“使著迷”，動(dòng)詞詞性，表示事物的特征應(yīng)用形容詞fascinating，意為“迷人的”。故填fascinating。7．Thereisaninfinitelybrightfuture________(head)ofus.【答案】ahead【詳解】考查副詞。句意：我們前面有無限光明的未來。根據(jù)句意及提示詞可知，此處是固定短語aheadof“在……前面，早于”。故填ahead。8．Thearticle_______(accurate)reflectspublicopinion.【答案】accurately【詳解】考查副詞。句意：這篇文章準(zhǔn)確地反映了民意。修飾后文動(dòng)詞reflect應(yīng)用副詞accurately，作狀語。故填accurately。9．Thesecarsarenolonger_______(fashion)amongtheyoung.【答案】fashionable【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這些汽車在年輕人中已不再流行了。句中用形容詞形式作表語。根據(jù)句意和英文提示，故填fashionable。10．Heis________(adore)forhisdevotiontoscience.【答案】adorable【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他對(duì)科學(xué)的獻(xiàn)身精神令人敬佩。根據(jù)空前“is”為系動(dòng)詞可知，所填空應(yīng)是形容詞作表語?！癮dore”，動(dòng)詞，意為“喜愛；熱愛”，其形容詞為“adorable”，意為“可愛的；可敬重的”，符合句意。故填adorable。11．TheAmbassadorrefusedtogiveanyinterviewsto________(journal).【答案】journalists【詳解】考查名詞。句意：大使拒絕接受記者的采訪。根據(jù)句意以及空格前的giveanyinterviewsto(givesthtosb.)可知，此處應(yīng)用表示“人”的名詞journalist，作賓語，可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)表泛指，應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填journalists。12．Toour_______(amuse),theboyactedanoldwoman.【答案】amusement【詳解】考查名詞。句意：使我們發(fā)笑的是，那男孩扮演了一個(gè)老婦人。toone's+n.令某人……的是。根據(jù)句意，故填amusement。IV.翻譯句子1.這兩年新冠病毒改變了我們的生活，期間有些地方的學(xué)生不得不采用線上學(xué)習(xí)的方式。(adopt)【答案】Covid-19hasbeenchangingourlifeinthepasttwoyears,duringwhichstudentsinsomeareashavetoadoptonlinelearning.2．聽到這話，我抬頭望著藍(lán)天和浩瀚的大海?！敬鸢浮縃earingthis,Ilookedupattheblueskyandthevastsea.3．天氣允許的話，明天我們就出發(fā)。(permit)【答案】Weatherpermitting,wearegoingtosetouttomorrow.V.課文語法填空Iwakeuptothesoundofthewind.Eventhoughthesunis1_(bright)shining,tellingwhetherit'smorningornight2_(be)impossible.I'mabovetheArcticCircle,3_insummerthesunneversets.Ileavemytentandwalkovertothemountainedge.Sarek’smountainsusedto4(cover)byvastsheetsofice.Around9,000yearsago,thisice5(melt),leavingbehindabout100glaciers.In1909,Sarekwasmadeanationalparktokeepthelandinits6(nature)state.Allnew7_(develop)isbannedwithinparkboundaries.Afterbreakfast,Ipackmybagandsetoutagain.Itwillbefullofsweatandhardwork8_(reach)mydestination.9_,Ican'tcomplain.Breathingthefreshairandenjoyingthisgreatadventuremakemefeel10_(bless).Whatcouldbebetter?1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.【答案及詳解】1.brightly考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用副詞來修飾后面的shining。2．is考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。分析全文的時(shí)態(tài)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主句中動(dòng)名詞短語作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)，故填is。3．where考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為theArcticCircle，且關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞where。4．becovered考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。usedtodo．．．意為“過去常常做”，且mountains與cover之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填becovered。5．melted考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Around9,000yearsago可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。6.natural考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用形容詞，修飾后面的名詞state，故填natural。7．development考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處前為形容詞new，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)用名詞，故填development。8．toreach考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中It作形式主語，后面應(yīng)用不定式短語toreachmydestination作真正的主語。9．However考查副詞。此處表示到達(dá)目的地需要付出汗水和努力。然而，“我”不會(huì)抱怨。上下文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填However。10．blessed考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處前為系動(dòng)詞feel，故后面應(yīng)用形容詞作表語。能力提升練培優(yōu)第二階——拓展培優(yōu)練閱讀理解ATheprotectedlandsoftheNationalParksaresomeofthemostamazingdestinationswithintheUnitedStatestoviewsomespectacularpiecesofnature.Manyoftheseparkshavefunfamily-friendlyactivities,makingthemgreatdestinationsforholidaysandsummerbreak.

OlympicNationalPark,WAOlympicNationalParkisagreatdestinationforfamiliestoexplorethewildbeauty.Atthispark,visitorswillfindbeautifulbeaches,arainforest,mountainsandmore.Childrenwilllovethewildcoastline,withamazingbeaches,andalotoffascinatingsealife.Thewholefamilywilllovethemanyhikingtrails,thewildbeautyofthebeachesthroughoutthepark,andthewildlifewithintheforestandmountains.YellowstoneNationalPark,WYYellowstoneNationalParkisthenation'sfirstnationalpark.VisitorscanstartatoneoftheVisitorCenterstolearnabouttheabundantwildlifeofYellowstone.Childrenwilllovekeepinganeyeoutforelkandbisonwhiledrivingandhikingthroughthepark.CapeHatterasNationalSeashore,NCLocatedonNorthCarolina'sOuterBanks,theCapeHatterasNationalSeashoreisanamazingdestinationforrecreating,relaxingandmuchmore.Theseashorehasmanybeautifulbeachesforthewholefamilytoexploreandenjoy.Visitorscanspendvacationtimesearchingforshells,birding,kayaking,hikingandmore.TheOuterBanksarealsoanexcellentspottogowindsurfing,especiallyonHatterasIsland.GlacierNationalPark,MTGlacierNationalParkwasthetenthnationalparkcreatedinthenation.TheparkoffersvisitorstheopportunitytoexploretheamazingwildernessofMontana,throughbiking,hiking,camping,backpacking,boatingandmore.Thebesttimeofyeartovisitistheearlysummer,theregionissnowyinthewinterandhotinthesummer.1．WhatcanyoudoinOlympicNationalPark?A．Visittheparkbycar. B．Goboatinginthepark.C．Takeacamptripthere. D．Enjoyattractivesealife.2．WhichnationalparkhasthelongesthistoryinAmerica?A．OlympicNationalPark. B．YellowstoneNationalPark.C．CapeHatterasNationalSeashore. D．GlacierNationalPark.3．WhatdoOlympicNationalParkandCapeHatterasNationalSeashorehaveincommon?A．Bothhavebeautifulbeaches. B．Bothofferbird-watching.C．Bothareinthesameisland. D．Bothprovidewindsurfing.【答案】1．D2．B3．A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。國(guó)家公園的保護(hù)區(qū)是美國(guó)境內(nèi)一些最令人驚嘆的景點(diǎn)，可以觀賞到一些壯觀的自然景觀。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)四個(gè)著名的國(guó)家公園。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Atthispark,visitorswillfindbeautifulbeaches,arainforest,mountainsandmore.Childrenwilllovethewildcoastline,withamazingbeaches,andalotoffascinatingsealife.可知在這個(gè)公園里，游客會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)美麗的海灘、雨林、山脈等等。孩子們會(huì)喜歡自然的海岸線，令人驚嘆的海灘，和許多迷人的海洋生物。由此可知，你能在奧林匹克國(guó)家公園享受迷人的海洋生活。故選D。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中YellowstoneNationalParkisthenation'sfirstnationalpark.可知黃石國(guó)家公園是美國(guó)第一個(gè)國(guó)家公園。由此可知，黃石國(guó)家公園是美國(guó)歷史最悠久的國(guó)家公園。故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)根據(jù)第二段中Atthispark,visitorswillfindbeautifulbeaches,arainforest,mountainsandmore.可知在這個(gè)公園里，游客會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)美麗的海灘、雨林、山脈等等。以及倒數(shù)第二段中LocatedonNorthCarolina'sOuterBanks,theCapeHatterasNationalSeashoreisanamazingdestinationforrecreating,relaxingandmuchmore.可知位于北卡羅來納州的外海岸，哈特拉斯角國(guó)家海灘是一個(gè)令人驚嘆的目的地，娛樂，放松和更多。由此可知，奧林匹克國(guó)家公園和哈特拉斯角國(guó)家海岸共同之處在于都有美麗的海灘。故選A。閱讀理解BAthemeparkmanagerhasthejobofwatchingoverandcontrollingthedailyoperationsofthethemepark.Oneoftheirmostimportantjobsistomanagethevisitors’experience.Thiscanincludeeverythingfromtheappearanceoftheparktothehoursofoperation.Athemeparkmanageralsomakesplansanddevelopsstrategies（策略）toensurethehealthandsafetyofvisitors.Tohelpkeepvisitorssatisfied,heusuallysetscustomerservicepolices（政策）thatshowhowemployeesshouldtreatvisitorsandrespondtotheirneeds.Often,themeparkmanagersmakedecisionsregardingthemeparkpolicies.Forexample,themanagerofathemeparkmayhavetodecidewhentheparkopensandclosesdaily.Hemayalsochoosewhentheparkwillopenandclosefortheseason.Iftheweatherturnsterrible,themanageroftenhastodecidewhetherornottoopentheparkfortheday.Apersoninthispositionmayalsoberesponsibleformakingpoliciesonwhenavisitorcangetarefund（退款）ordiscountonhisadmissionfee.Theamusementsinathemeparkhavetobemaintained（保養(yǎng)）inordertoensuretheystayingoodworkingordertoensuretheystayingoodworkingorder.Athemeparkmanagertypicallycarriesoutaroutineinspection.Theindividualwhoholdsthispositionalsocreatesplansandstrategiesfordealingwithemergencies.Hemayalsowatchoversecurityworkerswhohelpkeeptheparksafeforvisitors.Somethemeparkmanagersalsohavethejobofstayingabreastofchangesinthethemeparkindustryandknowingwhatthepark’scompetitorsaredoing.Theinformationthemanagergetsthroughtheseeffortsoftenhelpshimdecidewhentomakeimprovementsandhowtokeeptheparkcompetitive.Theextent（范圍）ofathemeparkmanager’sjobmaydependonthesizeofthepark.Inasmallpark,hemaycloselywithhisemployees.Inalargepark,hemayworktosetpolicesandthendependonothermanagersordepartmentheadstocarrythemout.Whatheneedstodoiswatchoverthesemanagers.4．Whatmightbeathemeparkmanager’smostimportantjob?A．Tomakesuretheparkgetsregularimprovements.B．Tomaketheparkworkersperformtheirjobswell.C．Toensurethevisitorshaveasatisfyingexperience.D．Toensurethecustomersservicepoliciesworkwell.5．Thedecisionsmadebythemeparkmanagersusuallydependon_________.A．customers’needs.B．themeparkpolicies.C．thesizeofthepark.D．weatherconditions.6．Theunderlinedphrase“stayingabreastof”inParagraph4probablymean“_____”.A．knowingabout B．bringingaboutC．callingfor D．gettingusedto7．Thewriterdevelopsthepassageby________.A．tellingstories B．givingexamplesC．makingcomments D．makingcomparison【答案】4．C5．D6．A7．B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要向讀者介紹主題公園管理者的職責(zé)，工作范圍等等，讓讀者對(duì)主題公園管理這一工作有更好的認(rèn)識(shí)。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的句子Oneoftheirmostimportantjobsistomanagethevisitors‘experience.他們最重要的工作之一是管理游客的旅游經(jīng)歷?？芍?，主題公園管理者最重要的工作可能是讓游客由一段滿意的經(jīng)歷。故選C。5．推斷判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句Often,themeparkmanagersmakedecisionsregardingthemeparkpolicies.“主題公園管理者通常要對(duì)主題公園的政策做一些決定?！苯Y(jié)合下文舉的例子，主題公園在特定的季節(jié)，特定的日子何時(shí)開門何時(shí)關(guān)門，以及如果天氣糟糕，他還得決定是否開門?？赏茢嘀黝}公園管理者在做決定是通常要依賴天氣條件。故選D。6．詞義猜測(cè)題。聯(lián)系下半句…knowingwhatthepark’scompetitorsaredoing.“知道公園的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者們都在做什么”，可知主題公園的管理者需要知道主題公園行業(yè)的變化。故這里knowingabout符合句意。故選A。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，作者介紹主題公園管理者的每項(xiàng)職責(zé)之后都有舉例子，再結(jié)合文章中的一些關(guān)鍵詞Forexample等，故選B。七選五Withthesummerholidayjustaroundthecomer,itseemslikeeverybodyisbusyplanningtheirvacations.Herearesomelipsthatcanhelpyouenjoyyourholidaywithoutemptyingyourpocket:Traveloff-seasonGotoyourdesireddestinationwhilethedemandislowandtakeadvantageofhugediscounts.Duringthepeakseason,thehotelandflightpricesincreasequickly,andyou’lllikelyspendmoreofyourvacationtimestandinginlineduetotherushoftourists.____8____EatlikealocalWhyeatatbigchainrestaurantswhenyoucanexperiencesomethingnew?____9____Duringyourfamilytrip,trynewfoodwherethelocalseat.Thiswillnotjustsavemoney,butalsoprovideyouwithanewanddifferentexperience.Forsmallermealsandsnacks,avoidrestaurantsandtrystreetfoodorothertakeout.____10____Websitescanhelpyoufinddiscounthotelrooms.Lookforplacesthatdonotchargeextraforchildreniftheyusetheexistingbedding.Staywiththelocals.Ifyouandyourfamilyaregoingto8tayforalongerperiod，rentingasmallapartmentisagoodchoice.Chooselocaltransportation____11____Instead,takebuses,railwaysorsubways,whicharealwayscheaper.Ifyouareplanningtostayforawhile,youcanconsiderrentingacar.Hiringacarismucheasierthancarryingyourbagseverywhereifyouaremovingaroundalot.Don’thesitatetobargainTourist-heavyplacesareknownforoverchargingforjustabouteverything.Clothes,travelgoodies,souvenirs,etc.areveryexpensiveattheseplaces.____12____Bargainhardtogetthebestprice.A．Saveonhotels.B．SurftheInternetwhiletraveling.C．Soit’sbesttofindoutwhentheoff-seasonstarts.D．Therefore,avoidbuyinganythingthere.E．Planningyourmealsisanotherwaytoreduceyourtravelcosts.F．Forthisreason,youshouldn’tfeelashamedtoaskforbargains.G．Asatourist,avoidtakingtaxiswheneverpossible,sincetheyareexpensive.【答案】8．C9．E10．A11．G12．F【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了暑假出行時(shí)既能享受快樂假期，又能夠在吃、住、行等方面節(jié)省開支的幾條建議。8．根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題Traveloff-season“旅游淡季”可知，選項(xiàng)是對(duì)本文的總結(jié)。故C選項(xiàng)“最好是搞清楚淡季從什么時(shí)候開始?！鼻蓄}。故選C項(xiàng)。9．根據(jù)第二段介紹在吃的方面節(jié)省開支。不要去選擇大的連鎖餐館，而要去嘗試一下當(dāng)?shù)氐氖澄?，這也是另一個(gè)減少旅行開支的辦法。故E選項(xiàng)“計(jì)劃你的飲食是另一種減少你的旅行成本的方法?！逼鸬娇傉f的作用。故選E項(xiàng)。10．此處是小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)全段內(nèi)容可知網(wǎng)站可以幫你找到打折的酒店房間。尋找那些不用為孩子們額外收費(fèi)的地方，如果他們使用現(xiàn)有的床上用品的話。和當(dāng)?shù)厝舜粼谝黄?。如果你和你的家人要住更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間，租一個(gè)小公寓是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇，可確定話題為住宿。故A選項(xiàng)“在住宿上節(jié)省”切題。故選A項(xiàng)。11．根據(jù)下文相反，乘坐公共汽車、鐵路或地鐵，它們總是更便宜。本句后緊接著一個(gè)instead，轉(zhuǎn)移話題做對(duì)比，在出行方面，避免乘坐出租車，而要選擇更便宜的公交車、地鐵等方式。故G選項(xiàng)“作為一名游客，盡量避免乘坐出租車，因?yàn)樗鼈兒苜F”切題。故選G項(xiàng)。12．根據(jù)上文旅游景點(diǎn)漫天要價(jià)是出了名的，衣服，旅游產(chǎn)品，紀(jì)念品等在這些地方都很貴。選項(xiàng)承接上文，基于此應(yīng)該做什么。故F選項(xiàng)“基于此，不要羞于砍價(jià)，要努力砍到最合適的價(jià)錢?！鼻蓄}。故選F項(xiàng)。培優(yōu)第三階——高考沙場(chǎng)點(diǎn)兵閱讀理解A（2019·北京·三模）OnthebanksofTanzania’sLakeEyasilivestheworld’slasthunter-gatherertribe(部落)—theHadza.Theydon’tgrowfood,raiseanimalsorbuildhouses.Insteadtheylivealifeunchangedformorethantenthousandyears.Theirworldisoneofcompletefreedom—somethingmodernsocietycanbarelyimagineandisunlikelytoeverexperience,letalonehavetheskillstostayalive.Textmessagesandphonecallsdon’texist.Nordocarsandelectricity.Nojobs,timetables,andsocialstructures.Nolaws,taxesandunbelievably,nomoney—theclosestthingtocurrency(交易)isthetradeforapairofshortswithaneighboringtribe.WespentourtimewiththeHadzahuntingbaboons(狒狒),adailyactivityforthemen.Theirlandispackedwithsharpbushes,poisonoussnakesandman-eatinglions.Butasuccessfulhuntingtripisthedifferencebetweeneatingorgoinghungry.TheHadzadietconsistsmainlyofhoney,fruitandmeat.Menoftenhuntinpairstoshootanimalswithbowsandarrows.TheHadzashowushowtotrackanimals,frombaboonstosnakestolions.Theyarehugelyskilledwiththeirhandmadebowsandarrows—wehaveagoandbarelygetthearrowtogothreefeetinfrontofus.ThelanguageoftheHadzaisbelievedtobetheoldeststill-spokenlanguageknowntoman.TheHadzadon’thaveconflict,andhavenomemoryofstarvation.Theirpopulationneverreachesnumbersthatcannotbesupportedthroughhuntingorgathering.Theynevergetfromtheirlandmorethantheyneed.Unlikemodern-dayofficeworkers,theHadzaenjoyanextraordinaryamountoffreetime.Their“work”—huntingforfood—takesuparoundfivehoursoftheirday.They’vebeeninsuchastateofpeacefulexistenceforthousandsofyears.1．WecanlearnfromthetextthattheHadza_______.A．leadaverysimplelifeB．liveontraditionalagricultureC．havetheirownsystemofcurrencyD．showalotofinterestinnewtechnology2．WhichofthefollowingcandescribetheHadza’senvironment?A．Stressful.B．Comfortable.C．Exciting.D．Dangerous.3．TherelationshipbetweentheHadzaandnature_______.A．isgoingwrongB．isfullofconflictC．isinperfectharmonyD．ischangingallthetime4．WhydoestheauthorcometovisittheHadza?A．Tostudytheirnativelanguage.B．Togettoknowtheirwayoflife.C．Tolearnsurvivalskillsfromthem.D．Topersuadethemtoprotectanimals.【答案】1．A2．D3．C4．B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了哈扎人的生活方式：他們生活簡(jiǎn)單，主要以狩獵為生。他們和大自然和諧相處，長(zhǎng)期以來過著平和的生活。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一和第二段中的“Insteadtheylivealifeunchangedformorethantenthousandyears.Textmessagesandphonecallsdon’texist.Nordocarsandelectricity.Nojobs,timetables,andsocialstructures.Nolaws,taxesandunbelievably,nomoney—theclosestthingtocurrency(交易)isthetradeforapairofshortswithaneighboringtribe.”可知，他們過著一萬年不變的生活……短信和電話根本不存在。汽車和電力也沒有。沒有工作、時(shí)間表和社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)。沒有法律、稅收。難以置信的是，沒有錢。由此可以推知，theHadza過著非常簡(jiǎn)單的生活。A選項(xiàng)正確。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theirlandispackedwithsharpbushes,poisonoussnakesandman-eatinglions”可知，他們的土地上滿是鋒利的灌木叢，毒蛇和食人獅。由此可知，他們的環(huán)境非常危險(xiǎn)。故選D.3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“TheHadzadon’thaveconflict,andhavenomemoryofstarvation.Theirpopulationneverreachesnumbersthatcannotbesupportedthroughhuntingorgathering.Theynevergetfromtheirlandmorethantheyneed.”可知，哈扎人沒有沖突，也沒有饑餓的記憶。它的人口從未達(dá)到通過狩獵或采集無法維持的數(shù)量。他們從自己的土地上得到的東西從來不超過他們所需要的。由此可知，他們和自然和諧相處。故C選項(xiàng)正確。4．推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了哈扎人的生活方式：他們生活簡(jiǎn)單，主要以狩獵為生。他們和大自然和諧相處，長(zhǎng)期以來過著平和的生活。由文章的主要內(nèi)容可以推知，作者來參觀theHadza就是為了了解他們的生活方式。故選B.閱讀理解B（2019·云南昆明·一模）Findingamountaingoatrestinghighonacliff(懸崖)mightthrillmanyofthemillionsoftouristswhovisitWyoming’sGrandTetonNationalParkeveryyear,butparkofficialssayitmightbetimeforthebeardedanimalstogo.Theproblem,accordingtothepark,isthatGrandTeton’s100orsomountaingoatsthreatenabout80bighornsheep.Thebighornsheepnumberedasmanyas125justafewyearsago.Thestronggoatsspreaddiseaseandcompetewithbighornsheepforfood.Unlikesmall-sizedbighornsheep,GrandTeton’smountaingoatsaren’tnativetothepark.Theywereintroducedtotheparkinthe1960s.GrandTetonspokeswomanDeniseGermannsaid,“We’vegotamanagementresponsibilitytoprotectthenativespecies.Afterhearingfromthepublicontheproposal(建議)inJanuary,parkofficialsexpecttodecideassoonasmid-Februaryonwhattodoaboutthemountaingoats.”Thegoatsarereproducingrapidly.Nowmightbethebesttimetoreduc