人教版七年級英語下冊教學(xué)課件Unit 8 Once upon a Time

SectionAWhatareyourfavouritestories?Unit8OnceuponaTime1aLookatthepictures.Doyouknowwhatstoriestheyareabout?A—TheFishermanandtheGoldfishB—TheLionandtheMouseC

—AddingEyestoaDragonD

—AFarmerLostHisHorse1bListentothefirstconversation.Putthesentencesinorder._______Themousebitthroughthenet._______Thehuntercaughtthelion._______Thelionletthemousego._______Thelioncaughtthemouse._______Themousepromisedtohelpthelion.123451cListentothesecondconversation.Choosethecorrectwordstocompletethesentences.1.Longago,afarmer______hishorse.A.lost B.killed C.sold2.Thefarmer’shorsecamebackwith

______otherhorses.A.five B.six C.sevenAC3.Thefarmer’ssonbrokehis______.A.head B.arm C.leg4.The______

didn’thavetojointhewar.A.farmer B.farmer’sson C.farmer’sneighbourCB1dListentothetwoconversationsagainandanswerthequestions.1.Whydoyouthinkthelionlaughedwhenthemousepromisedtohelphim?2.Doyoulikethestoryaboutthelionandthemouse?Whyorwhynot?Theliondoesn’tthinkthemousecanhelphim.Yes,Ido.Becauseittellsusyoucan’talwaysbepowerfulorweak.3.Didthefarmerfeelverysadwhenbadthingshappened?4.Wasthefarmerwise?Whyorwhynot?No,hedidn’t.Yes,thefarmerwaswise.Becauseheknewthatunluckythingsmightturnoutwellandgoodthingscouldgowrongtoo.1eWhichstorydoyoulikemore?Retellittoapartner.Pronunciation1Listenandrepeat.Addonemorewordtoeachgroup.chphshthwh/t?//f//?//θ//e//w//h/chairwhich______physicselephant______shipfashion______throwmaths______thenwith______whywhere______whowhose______watchphotowashthreetheywhatwhom2Inpairs,readtheconversationaloudslowly.Thenlistenandreaditagainatanormalspeed.Noticehowthelettersinboldchangesounds.A:DidyoureadLittleWomenforEnglishclass?It’sgreat!B:No,Ididn’t.Wouldyouliketotellmeaboutit?A:Well,I’dliketo.Butdon’tyouwanttoreaditbyyourself?2aEmmaissharingastorywithherclass.Listenandcirclethecolouredwordsyouhear.Here’sTheEmperor’sNewClothesbyHansChristianAndersen.Onceuponatime,anemperorloved/likedclothesverymuch.Hewantedtobuysomenewclothes.Twobrotherscameandliedtohim,“Wecanmakewonderfulclothes!Butonlyclever/smartpeoplecanseethem!”Theypretendedtomaketheclothes.Theemperor’sofficialscouldn’tseetheclothes,buttheysaid,“Whatlovelyclothes!”Theemperorcouldn’tseeanythingeither,buthesaid,“They’rebeautiful!”Noonewantedtolooksilly.長難句分析：這是一個由but連接的并列句，兩個分句分別是Theemperor’sofficialscouldn’tseetheclothes和theysaid，“Whatlovelyclothes!”，這兩句話之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以用but連接。Theemperordecidedtoshoweveryonehisnewclothes.Peopleinthestreet/citypraisedthem.Theywereafraidtolooksillytoo!Suddenly,aboycried/shouted,“Look!Theemperorhasnoclotheson!”Everyonelookedatoneanother.Theystarted/beganlaughing.Theend!Didyoulikethestory?Pleasetellmewhatyouthink!賓語從句使用陳述句語序：引導(dǎo)詞(what)+主語(you)+謂語(think)。思考：Ifyouwereoneofthepeopleinthestreetandsawtheevent.Whatwouldyouthinkofit?Iwouldjustthinkthatitwasaspecialplay.Theactorsweretheemperor,theofficials,somepeopleinthestreetandtheboy.2bReadthestory.Completetheflowchart.Anemperorwantedtobuynewclothes.Two__________liedtotheemperor.They____________tomakebeautifulclothes.Theemperorandhisofficialscouldn‘t________theclothes.Theemperor__________peoplehisnewclothes.People____________theclothesatfirst.They____________________whenaboytoldthetruth.brotherspretendedseeshowedpraisedstartedlaughing2cReadthestoryagainandanswerthequestions.1.Whatdidthetwobrotherssayabouttheirclothes?2.Whydidtheemperorandhisofficialspraisetheclothes?Theycouldmakewonderfulclothes,butonlycleverpeoplecouldseethem!Becausetheydidn’twanttolooksilly.3.Whydidthepeopleinthestreetpraisetheclothesatfirst?4.Whydoyouthinktheboytoldthetruth?5.Whydoyouthinkeveryonestartedlaughingattheend?Becausetheywereafraidtolooksillytoo.Becausetheboywasbravetobehimself.Becausetheyhadtoldalietogether.2dWhichcharactersfromthestorydoyouthinksaidthesentences?1.“Wecanmakealotofmoneybylyingtotheemperor.”oneofthebrothers2.“Therearetwobrothersoutside.Theysaythattheycanmakeyoufineclothes.“______________________3.“Oh!Wherearemynewclothes?Ican’tseethem.AmIsilly?Thatcan’tbetrue!”

______________________oneoftheofficialstheemperor4.“Ican’tseetheemperor’sclothes.Buteveryoneinthestreetispraisingtheclothes!Ihatetobedifferent.Ishouldpraisethemtoo.”____________________________5.“What’severyonetalkingabout?Theemperorisn’twearinganything!Iknowheisn’t!”______________________oneofthepeopleinthestreettheboy2eListentothestoryagain.Thenretellittoapartner.GrammarFocus3aReadthesentences.Whattensesdotheyuse?Whendoyouuseeachtense?DidyoureadLittleWomen

forEnglishclass?Yes,ldid.ltisagreat

book./No,ldidn’t.Wechose

adifferentbook.Doyouknowthestory

ofTheEmperor’sNew

Clothes?Yes,ldo.lt’safunny

story!/No,ldon’t.Please

tellmeaboutit.Howdidthemousehelp

thelion?Itbitthroughthenet,and

theliongotout.Whatdidthebrothersdo?Theyliedtotheemperor.3bChoosethecorrectformsoftheverbs.1.WhenIam/wasachild,myfavouritebookis/wasPeterRabbit.2.Iusuallytell/toldfunnystoriestomyfriends.ButItell/toldthemasadstoryyesterday,andtheycried.3.Themouseasks/askedthelionnottokillhim.Hepromises/promisedtohelpthelion,andthelionlethimgo.4.Thetwobrotherslie/liedtotheemperor,buttheemperordidn’tknowthatandbuy/boughttheirclothes.5.Usually,peoplefeel/feltsadwhentheylose/lostsomething.Butthefarmerinthestorydidn’tfeelsadwhenheloses/losthishorse.3cCompletetheshortstorywiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Onceuponatime,aking_______(ask)anartisttopainthimahorse.”Please_______(give)mesometime,”theartist___________(answer).Thekingwaitedforafewmonthsbeforehe_______(grow)angry.“Where_______(be)mypainting?”heasked.Quickly,theartist__________(paint)abeautifulpictureofahorse.askedgiveansweredgrewispaintedThekingsaid,“I_______(like)it!Butwhydidyoumakemewaitsolong?”Theartist_______(smile)and_______(take)thekingtohishouse.Therewerepaintingsofhorsesallover!“Ittookmemonthstolearnhowtopaintahorsewell!”he_______(say).like長難句分析：這是一個簡單句，是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)。該句中It是形式主語，真正的主語是不定式短語tolearn...。此處使用It作形式主語，是為了避免句子頭重腳輕。smiledtooksaid3dShareyourfavouritestory.Tellyourclassmateswhyyoulikeit.Myfavouritestoryis...Onceuponatime,...Theend!Ilikethisstorybecause...

SectionA探究一核心單詞Unit8OnceuponaTime(一)高頻詞1bite/ba?t/v.咬；咬傷·Thedogbitmyshoe.這只狗咬了我的鞋子?！ecareful.Thefishmightbite.小心，魚可能會咬鉤?！hegoatbitthroughthepaperontheground.山羊咬破了地上的紙?！on’tbiteoffmorethanyoucanchew.貪多嚼不爛。[諺語]·Hetookabigbiteofthesandwich.他咬了一大口三明治。bite

v.咬；咬傷。既可作及物動詞也可作不及物動詞。過去式是bit。bitethrough咬穿bite還可用作可數(shù)名詞，意為“咬；(咬下的)一口”。takeabite意為“咬一口”。2promise/'pr?m?s/v.承諾；保證n.承諾；諾言·Ipromisetohelpyoulearnhowrobotswork.我保證會幫你學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)器人是如何工作的?！epromisedmeabeautifulpresentonmybirthday.=Hepromisedabeautifulpresenttomeonmybirthday.他許諾過在我生日時送給我漂亮的禮物?！promiseIwillcallyoutomorrow.我保證明天會給你打電話。·ShemadeapromisetoshowustheChinesedragondance.她承諾給我們展示中國舞龍。·Shekeptherpromiseandreturnedthebookontime.她遵守諾言，按時還了書。·Igotangrywhenhebrokehispromise.當(dāng)他違背諾言時，我生氣了。promise

v.承諾；保證。常用搭配：(1)promise(not)todosth.許諾(不)做某事(2)promisesb.sth.=promisesth.tosb.向某人許諾某事(3)promise+that從句許諾……promise還可作名詞，意為“承諾；諾言”，是可數(shù)名詞。常用搭配有：(1)makeapromise許下諾言(2)keepapromise遵守諾言(3)breakapromise違背承諾3wise/wa?z/adj.明智的；高明的·Mygrandfatherisverywiseandalwaysgivesgoodadvice.我爺爺非常有智慧，總是給出很好的建議?！tiswisetosavemoneyforthefuture.為未來存錢是明智的?！emadeawisechoicetostudybothscienceandart.他做出了一個明智的選擇，既學(xué)科學(xué)又學(xué)藝術(shù)?！hewiselychosetoaskforhelpwhentheprojectbecametoodifficult.當(dāng)項目變得太困難時，她明智地選擇了尋求幫助。wise

adj.明智的；高明的。既可作表語也可作定語。Itiswisetodosth.做某事是明智的。awisechoice明智的選擇wise的副詞形式是wisely，意為“明智地；聰明地”。actwisely明智地行事4lie/la?/v.

撒謊n.謊言·It’swrongtolietoyourfriends.對你的朋友撒謊是不對的?！eterliedaboutfinishinghishomework.彼特撒謊說完成了作業(yè)?！on’ttellalie.不要說謊?！helikestolieonthegrassandwatchtheclouds.她喜歡躺在草地上看云?！hevillageliesinabeautifulvalley.這個村莊位于一個美麗的山谷中。liev.撒謊，過去式為lied，現(xiàn)在分詞形式為lying。lietosb.對某人撒謊=tellliestosb.lieaboutsth.就某事撒謊lie還可作名詞，意為“謊言”，tellalie/telllies“說謊”。lie作動詞還可意為“躺；位于”。過去式為lay，現(xiàn)在分詞形式為lying。liedown躺下速記小法:規(guī)則是說謊(lie—lied—lied)，不規(guī)則是躺(lie—lay—lain)。5pretend/pr?'tend/v.假裝；偽裝·Hepretendedtofallasleepwhenhismothercamein.當(dāng)他媽媽進(jìn)來時，他假裝睡著了?！helittlegirllikestopretendsheisaprincess.這個小女孩喜歡假裝自己是公主。·Theypretendthattheyareastronautsexploringspace.他們假裝自己是探索太空的宇航員。pretend

v.假裝。后可接動詞不定式或從句。pretendtodosth.假裝做某事pretend+that從句假裝……6decide/d?'sa?d/v.決定·Theydecidetovisitthemuseumthisweekend.他們決定這個周末去參觀博物館?！ecan’tdecidewhattoeatfordinner.他無法決定晚餐吃什么。·Wedecidedthatitwasthebestplan.我們決定那是最好的計劃。·We’restilltryingtodecideonavenue.我們?nèi)匀辉谠O(shè)法選定一個會場?！hemadeadecisiontomovetoanothercity.=Shedecidedtomovetoanothercity.她決定搬到另一個城市。decidev.決定，具體用法：(1)decide(not)todosth.決定(不)做某事(2)decide+“特殊疑問詞+todo”決定……(3)decide+that從句決定……(4)decideonsth.決定某事decide的名詞形式是decision。makeadecision意為“作決定”，相當(dāng)于decide。7praise/pre?z/v.&n.贊美；表揚·Weshouldpraisestudentswhentheytrytheirbest.當(dāng)學(xué)生們盡力而為時，我們應(yīng)該表揚他們。·Shepraisedherfriendforhelpingherwiththeproject.她稱贊她的朋友幫助她做這個項目。·Thecookwonpraiseforpreparinganamazingmealattheevent.這位廚師因在活動中準(zhǔn)備了美味的餐食而得到了稱贊。·Themoviereceivedalotofpraisefromcritics.這部電影得到了評論家們的許多贊譽(yù)?！heteachergaveherhighpraiseforherexcellentwork.老師對她出色的作品給予了高度贊揚。praise

v.表揚；贊揚。是及物動詞，后面可以跟某人或某物作賓語。常見用法：praisesb.For(doing)sth.“因(做)某事而贊揚某人”。praise還可作名詞，意為“贊揚；頌揚”，是不可數(shù)名詞。常用搭配：winhighpraisefor因……贏得高度贊揚；receive/getpraise受到表揚；givepraisetosb.給予某人表揚；in(high)praiseof(高度)贊揚……8afraid/?'fre?d/adj.害怕的；擔(dān)心的·Thelittlegirlisafraidofthedark.這個小女孩怕黑?！eisafraidtospeakinpublic.他害怕在公眾場合講話?！on’tbeafraidofmakingmistakeswhenlearningtospeakalanguage.學(xué)習(xí)說一門語言時不要害怕犯錯?！’mafraidthatitisabitexpensive.恐怕它有點貴?！’mafraidIcan’tcometotheparty.我恐怕不能來參加聚會。·—Doyouthinktheprojectwillbedelayed?你認(rèn)為這個項目會被延期嗎？—I’mafraidso.恐怕是的。afraid

adj.害怕的；擔(dān)心的。常作表語，與系動詞be連用。afraid的常見搭配：beafraidofsth.害怕某物beafraidtodosth.害怕去做某事beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事beafraid+that從句恐怕……I’mafraid...意為“恐怕……”，用于表達(dá)遺憾，常用于委婉地拒絕或給出不好的消息。I’mafraidso/not.意為“恐怕是這樣。/恐怕不是這樣?！?true/tru?/adj.符合事實的；真正的·Thisisatruestoryaboutascientist.這是一個關(guān)于一位科學(xué)家的真實故事?！t’simportanttobetruetoyourword.Whenyoumakeapromise,peoplecantrustyou.重要的是要言而有信。當(dāng)你許下承諾時，人們能信任你?！realizedthetruthtoolate.我知道真相太晚了?！isdreamtobecomeaspaceengineerfinallycametrue.他成為航天工程師的夢想終于實現(xiàn)了。true

adj.符合事實的；真正的betruetoone’sword言而有信true的名詞形式為truth，意為“真相；事實”。常用搭配：tellthetruth講實話；totellthetruth老實說true的副詞形式為truly，意為“真正，確實”。cometrue實現(xiàn)(夢想、愿望等)10hate/he?t/v.不喜歡；厭惡；討厭·Shehatesthetasteofbroccoli.她討厭西蘭花的味道?！heyhatebeinglateforimportantmeetings.他們討厭重要會議遲到?！hatetotroubleyou.我不愿麻煩你?！aryhatesyoutousesuchwords.瑪麗討厭你用這種字眼?！atecanmakepeopledoterriblethings.仇恨能讓人做出可怕的事情。hate

v.不喜歡；厭惡；討厭。是及物動詞，后面可跟名詞、代詞、動詞不定式或動名詞作賓語。同義詞是dislike，反義詞為love/like。hate的常見用法：hatesb./sth.討厭某人/某事hatedoingsth.討厭做某事hatetodosth.不喜歡做某事hatesb.doing/todosth.討厭某人做某事hate還可作名詞，意為“仇恨，憎恨”，是不可數(shù)名詞。11quickly/'kw?kli/adv.快速地；很快·Hequicklyfinishedhishomeworkandwentouttoplay.他迅速完成了作業(yè)，然后出去玩了?！hegaveaquickanswertothequestion.她快速回答了這個問題。quickly

adv.快速地，通常用來修飾動詞，表示動作發(fā)生或完成得很快，也可指人的思維敏捷。反義詞：slowly(adv.緩慢地)。quickadj.快的，迅速的。用來修飾名詞或名詞短語。反義詞：slow(adj.緩慢的)。構(gòu)詞法記單詞：-ly常加在形容詞后構(gòu)成副詞。類似的詞還有：sad(adj.難過的)→sadly(adv.難過地)quiet(adj.安靜的)→quietly(adv.安靜地)12smile/sma?l/v.微笑n.微笑；笑容·Billalwayssmilesduringdifficulttime.比爾在困難的時候總是微笑?！hebabysmiledateveryoneintheroom.這個嬰兒對房間里每個人都微笑了?！smilecanchangesomeone’sday.一個微笑可以改變一個人的一天。·Hesaidwithasmile.他微笑著說。smile

v.微笑，是不及物動詞，后面不能直接跟賓語。smileatsb./sth.對某人/某物微笑smilen.微笑；笑容。常用搭配：giveasmile露出微笑withasmile(onone’sface)面帶笑容abright/warm/friendlysmile明亮的/溫暖的/友好的微笑Thereisasmileonone’sface.某人臉上展現(xiàn)出笑容。辨析：smile與laughsmile“微笑”。通常指友好或善意的微笑，一般情況下作不及物動詞。smileatsb.“對某人微笑”。laugh“發(fā)笑；笑”，指發(fā)出聲音地笑，表示的感情有高興、快樂，也可以表示輕視、藐視。laughat

sb.“嘲笑某人”。一語辨異:

Hersmilebrightenedtheroom,andsooneveryonewaslaughingatthejokeshetold.她的笑容照亮了房間，很快，大家都在笑她講的笑話。(二)拓展詞13hunter/'h?nt?(r)/n.獵人；搜尋者·Thehunterfollowedthedeerthroughtheforest.獵人跟隨鹿穿過森林?！helionhuntsforfoodatnight.獅子在夜間捕獵食物?！heisstillhuntingforanewjob.她還在找新工作。hunter

n.獵人。是由“hunt(v.打獵)+-er(后綴)”構(gòu)成的。hunt指狩獵或?qū)ふ业男袨榛蜻^程。-er是常見的表示職業(yè)的名詞后綴，常加在動詞之后，表示“從事……的人”。類似的詞還有：play—player,sing—singer。14suddenly/'s?d?nli/adv.突然地；出乎意料地·Athoughtsuddenlycameintomymind.我突然有了一個想法?！llofasudden,wham!Ifelloffmybicycle.突然，砰！我從自行車上摔了下來。suddenly

adv.突然地；出乎意料地。常用于指某事發(fā)生得快且出乎意料，常用于句首、句中或句末。suddenly對應(yīng)的形容詞為sudden，其意思為“忽然的；突然的”，allofasudden意為“突然”，相當(dāng)于suddenly。15artist/'ɑ?t?st/n.美術(shù)家；藝術(shù)家·Thepicturewaspaintedbyanartist.這幅畫是由一位藝術(shù)家畫的。·Heisapoliceartist.他是一位警方畫像師。artist是以元音音素開頭的單詞，不定冠詞用an。artist由名詞art(美術(shù)；藝術(shù))加表示人的后綴-ist構(gòu)成，類似構(gòu)成的單詞還有：violin(小提琴)→violinist(小提琴家)journal(報紙)→journalist(新聞記者)(三)熟詞生義16neighbour熟義:

n.鄰居生義:

n.鄰近的人或物敲黑板:美式英語寫為neighbor·Agoodneighbourisbetterthanabrotherfaroff.遠(yuǎn)親不如近鄰。[諺語]·Britain’snearestneighbourisFrance.英國最近的鄰國是法國。17official熟義:n.官員；高級職員生義:

adj.(只用于名詞前)公務(wù)的；公職的；(常用于名詞前)官方的；正式的·Theofficialinchargeoftheprojectisveryexperiencedandknowledgeable.負(fù)責(zé)這個項目的官員非常有經(jīng)驗和學(xué)識?！hepresidentmadeanofficialvisittotheneighbouringcountry.總統(tǒng)對鄰國進(jìn)行了正式訪問?！heofficialrulesofthecompetitionstatethatallparticipantsmustwearuniforms.比賽的官方規(guī)則規(guī)定，所有參賽者必須穿制服。

SectionA探究二核心短語Unit8OnceuponaTime1onceuponatime從前；很久以前·Onceuponatime,therewasaveryoldman...從前，有一個非常老的人……·Heclimbeduponhishorse.他爬上他的馬?！hesuccessoftheprojectdependsupon/ontheteamwork.項目的成功取決于團(tuán)隊合作。onceuponatime相當(dāng)于(long)longago或alongtimeago，是一般過去時的標(biāo)志，通常用于故事的開頭。uponprep.意為“在……上”，常用于正式或書面語言中，與on同義。upon和on一般可通用，但有以下不同：(1)表示在某一日子或日期時一般只用on，不用upon。(2)在某些約定俗成的表達(dá)中，upon和on不能互相替換，如：onceuponatime。(3)on比upon通俗，常用于口語；upon比較正式，常用于書面語。2atfirst起初；最初·Atfirst,Ithoughtthemoviewouldbeboring,butitturnedouttobeveryinteresting.起初，我以為這部電影會很無聊，但結(jié)果證明它非常有趣?！twasdifficultatfirst,butIgotusedtoitlater.開始很困難，但后來我習(xí)慣了?！irstofall,weneedtosolvetheproblem.首先，我們需要解決這個問題?！irst,weneedtogatherallthenecessaryinformation.首先，我們需要收集所有必要的信息。atfirst起初；最初，在句中作狀語，可位于句首或句末，相當(dāng)于inthebeginning。辨析：atfirst,firstofall與firstatfirst“起初；最初”，用以描述最初階段的情況，尤指與后來的不同情況相比較。firstofall“首先；第一”，用于列舉一系列事項或觀點時，表示第一個或最重要的一個。first“第一；首先”，用以引出一系列事實、意見、理由等。3getout逃脫；離開·Let’sgetout!咱們出去吧！·Weneedtogetoutofthehousebeforeitstartsraining.我們需要在開始下雨前離開這座房子?！hefinallygotoutofthatbadrelationship.她終于擺脫了那段糟糕的關(guān)系?！hegotherphoneouttocheckthetime.她拿出手機(jī)看時間?！anyougetitout?你能把它拿出來嗎？getout逃脫；離開。getoutof常用來表達(dá)“逃避、擺脫某事”或“離開某地”。getout也可以表示“把……取出來”或“拿出某物”。當(dāng)其賓語是名詞時，可放在get與out之間，也可以放在out之后；當(dāng)其賓語是代詞時，必須放在動詞和副詞之間。4allover到處；遍及·Therewereflowersalloverthegarden.花園里到處都是花?！eopleallovertheworldcelebratetheNewYearindifferentways.世界各地的人們以不同的方式慶祝新年?！t’sallovernow.現(xiàn)在一切都結(jié)束了。allover常用來表示某物或某事物“遍及某地”或“到處都有”，強(qiáng)調(diào)分布的廣泛性。allovertheworld世界各地allover還可以表示“完全結(jié)束”。

SectionA探究三核心句式Unit8OnceuponaTime1Whatlovelyclothes!多漂亮的衣服?。》治鼋Y(jié)構(gòu):此句是感嘆句。What是感嘆詞，lovelyclothes是名詞短語，句子省略了后面的theyare，完整句子為“Whatlovelyclothestheyare!”，用于表達(dá)對衣服的贊美。相當(dāng)于“Howlovelytheclothesare”！·Whatabeautifulday(itis)!=Howbeautifulthedayis!多么美麗的一天！·Whatexcitingnews(itis)!=Howexcitingthenewsis!多么令人激動的消息！·Howquicklyheruns!他跑得多么快！·Howinterestingafilm!多么有趣的一部電影！·Howtimeflies!時光飛逝！What引導(dǎo)的感嘆句句式：①What+a/an+adj.+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(+主語+謂語)?、赪hat+adj.+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)(+主語+謂語)！③What+adj.+不可數(shù)名詞(+主語+謂語)！How也可以引導(dǎo)感嘆句，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：①How+adj./adv.(+主語+謂語)?、贖ow+adj.+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(+主語+謂語)?、跦ow+主語+謂語！敲黑板:“What+a/an+adj.+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(+主語+謂語)！”可以與“How+adj.+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(+主語+謂語)！”互換。速記小法:感嘆句，不麻煩，how，what在最前。修飾名詞用what，how與形、副緊相連。主語謂語不用變，省掉它們很常見。2Ittookmemonthstolearnhowtopaintahorsewell!我花了幾個月的時間才學(xué)會如何畫好一匹馬！分析結(jié)構(gòu):句中It是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式tolearnhowtopaintahorsewell，在這個不定式結(jié)構(gòu)里，“特殊疑問詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”howtopaintahorsewell作learn的賓語?！ttookheryearstoplaythepianowell.她花了多年時間才彈好鋼琴?！don’tknowhowtosolvethisproblem.我不知道如何解決這個問題?！heretogoisthemainquestionnow.現(xiàn)在的主要問題是去哪里?！heproblemiswhattodonext.問題是接下來做什么。Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.某人花了多長時間做某事。“特殊疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，在句子中通常起名詞性作用，主要作賓語、主語或表語。常見的特殊疑問詞有what,when,where,how等。

SectionA探究四語音知識Unit8OnceuponaTime1輔音字母組合ch1輔音字母組合ch通常發(fā)/t?/音發(fā)音方法：這是一個清輔音，聲帶不振動。舌尖抵住上齒齦后部，然后迅速抬起舌頭，氣流通過形成/t?/音。例詞：chair,cheese,choose,chess字母組合ch,ph,sh,th,wh及同化2在某些詞中，ch也可能發(fā)/k/音發(fā)音方法：發(fā)音時，舌后部隆起，緊貼軟腭，形成阻礙，然后突然放開，讓口腔內(nèi)氣流沖出，爆破發(fā)音。發(fā)音時，聲帶不振動。例詞：chemistry,Michael,school,Christmas2輔音字母組合ph字母組合ph通常發(fā)/f/音發(fā)音方法：這是一個清輔音，聲帶不振動。將上牙輕觸下唇，氣流從唇齒之間通過，發(fā)出/f/音。例詞：phone,photo,elephant,geography3輔音字母組合sh字母組合sh通常發(fā)/?/音，類似于漢語拼音“sh”的音發(fā)音方法：這是一個清輔音，聲帶不振動。舌尖稍微抬起，接近上齒齦后方，氣流從中間輕柔地摩擦通過，發(fā)出柔和的/?/音。例詞:she,shoe,shark,push4輔音字母組合th1字母組合th發(fā)/θ/音發(fā)音方法：這是一個清輔音，聲帶不振動。舌尖輕觸兩齒之間，氣流從舌尖和牙齒之間摩擦而出。例詞:think,thick,both,bath2字母組合th發(fā)/e/音發(fā)音方法：這是一個濁輔音，聲帶振動。舌尖同樣輕觸兩齒之間，但氣流通過時聲帶同時振動。例詞:this,that,father,other5輔音字母組合wh1字母組合wh通常發(fā)/w/音發(fā)音方法：發(fā)音時，舌后部向軟腭抬起、舌位高。雙唇收小并向前突出，聲帶振動。發(fā)音短促，發(fā)音瞬間滑向后面的元音。例詞:what,when,white,which2有時字母組合wh發(fā)/h/音發(fā)音方法：發(fā)音時，氣流不受阻礙，僅在通過聲門時發(fā)出輕微的摩擦?？谛尾欢?，隨其后的元音而變化，發(fā)音時，聲帶不振動。例詞:who,whose,whom,whole6同化英語語音中的assimilation(同化)是一個重要的語音流變現(xiàn)象，它指的是在較快的語速中，相鄰的兩個音互相影響，某一個音改變了原來的發(fā)音，使得相鄰的音變得更為相近甚至相同，或者讀成一個新音。1融合同化(1)指兩個相鄰的音融合為一個新的音。例如，在“didyou”中，/d/和/j/發(fā)生同化，讀作/d?/，形成了新的音。類似地，“wouldyou”中的/d/和/j/也同化讀作/d?/。(2)還有其他情況，如/s/和/j/同化讀作/?/，如“thisyear”讀作/'e??'??/；/z/和/j/同化讀作/?/，如“thoseyoungmen”讀作/'e???'j??'men/。2音變同化(1)一些輔音受后一個詞的詞首輔音影響而產(chǎn)生變化。例如，在/k,ɡ/前，/n/變?yōu)??/，如“incase”讀作/??'ke?s/，“tengirls”讀作/'te?'ɡ??lz/。在/?,j/前，/s/變?yōu)??/，/z/變?yōu)??/。如“thisship”讀作/'e??'??p/，“Isshe?”讀作/???i?/。(2)濁輔音與清輔音首尾相接時，濁音可能清化。例如，/e/在清輔音前可能變?yōu)?θ/，如“withthanks”讀作/w?θ'θ??ks/；/z/在清輔音前可能變?yōu)?s/，如“hehasto”讀作/h?'h?stu?/；/v/在清輔音前可能變?yōu)?f/，如“ofcourse”讀作/?f'k??s/，“haveto”讀作/h?f'tu?/。

SectionBWhatcanstoriesteachus?Unit8OnceuponaTime1aLookatthepictures.Whatdoyouthinkhappensinthisstory?Numberthepictures.12341bReadthestoryadaptedfromChristianAndersen’sTheUglyDuckling

.Discussthequestionwithapartner.·Istheuglyducklingarealduck?TheUglyDucklingOnceuponatime,therewasamotherduck.Shehadsixlittleducklings.Fiveoftheducklingsweresmallandyellow,butthelastducklingwasbigandgrey.“Hedoesn’tlooklikeus!Whatanuglyduckling!”theotherducklingssaid.“That’snotnice!”saidMotherDuck.“He’sstilladucklikeus!”Attheriver,theuglyducklingswamwell,justlikealltheotherducklings.Buttheotherducklingsstilllaughedathimandtoldhimtogoaway.Itmadethepoorducklingverysad,sohedecidedtosearchforanewhome.Hemetmanyotherbirds,butallofthemthoughtthathewasuglytoo.Theydidnotwanthimtolivewiththem.長難句分析：這是一個復(fù)合句，由so來連接，兩個分句之間是因果關(guān)系。第一個句子中It指代前邊theotherducklingsstilllaughedathim...這件事，導(dǎo)致了第二個小分句中丑小鴨的行為decidedtosearchforanewhome。為下文的情節(jié)推進(jìn)渲染氣氛。laughat嘲笑某人Oneday,theducklingmetacatandahen.“MayIstaywithyou?”heaskedhopefully.Butthetwoanimalssaidno.Theydidnotlikehimbecausehecouldnotpurrorlayeggs!Somedayslater,theuglyducklingcametoalake.There,hesawthreebeautifulswanswithlongnecksandwhitefeathers.“IwishIlookedlikeyou!”hecried.“Myfriend,youdolooklikeus!Lookinthewater!”oneoftheswanssaid.Theducklinglookeddown,andtohissurprise,hesawthathewasabeautifulwhiteswantoo!介詞短語作swans的后置定語。從教材語篇1b挖中考設(shè)問Whatkindoftextisit?_____A.Aletter.B.Aplay.C.Anovel.D.Afable.思考：Ifyouwereinthestory,whatwouldyoudotohelptheuglyduckling?DIwouldbekindtotheuglyducklingandIwouldplaywithit.1cReadagainandanswerthequestions.1.Howwastheuglyducklingdifferentfromtheotherducklingsinsizeandcolour?Howwashesimilartothem?2.Whatdidtheuglyducklingsearchfor?Why?Hewasbigandgrey.Heswamwell,justlikealltheotherducklings.Anewhome.Becausetheotherducklingslaughedathimandtoldhimtogoaway.Itmadehimverysad.3.Whatdidtheswanslooklike?Weretheyfriendlytotheuglyduckling?4.Whatdoyouthinkthestoryteachesus?Theyhadlongnecksandwhitefeathers.Yes,theywerefriendlytotheuglyduckling.Everyoneisspecial.Youareuniqueandyouarewhoyouare.Justdowhatyouwantandwhatyouliketodo.1dMatchthecharacterswiththeiropinions.Canyougivethesecharactersanyadvice?Shareyourideas.A.Theuglyduckling B.ThefiveducklingsC.Theotherbirds D.Thecatandthehen1.Weonlylikeanimalswithspecialskills.Youarewelcomehereonlyifyoucanpurrorlayeggs.______2.You‘rebigandgrey,butwe‘resmallandyellow.You‘reveryuglybecauseyoudon‘tlooklikeus.

______3.Wewantyoutogoaway.Wecannotlivewithyoubecauseyou‘retoougly!

______4.I‘mnothappyhere.Istherearightplaceformeoutthere?

______DBCA從教材習(xí)題1d中學(xué)中考解題策略信息還原法提取題目中的關(guān)鍵信息。如題目1中的purr和layeggs為特性表達(dá)，可把這些細(xì)節(jié)信息還原到文中。即在文本第三自然段中，可以找到對應(yīng)的動物是thecatandthehen。2aReadthebeginningofthestory.Writeanendingforit.Usethequestionstohelpyou.Onceuponatime,afishermancaughtabottleinhisfishingnet.Whenheopenedit,agreatcloudcameoutandbecameagenie!“Preparetodie!”shoutedthegenie.“Alongtimeago,Imadeapromise.Ifsomeonesetmefree,Iwouldmakethemrichandpowerful.Butnooneevercame.Afteryearsandyearsofwaiting,Ibecameveryangry.Ifanyonesetmefree,Iwouldkilltheminsteadofgivingthemanything.So,youmustdie!”...●Whatwouldthefishermansaytothegenie?●Wouldthegeniekillthefisherman?Ifso,how?●Wouldthefishermansucceedinsaving

himself?Ifso,how?●Whatwouldhappenintheend?2bExchangeyourdraftsandshareyourideaswithyourgroupmembers.

SectionB探究一核心單詞Unit8OnceuponaTime(一)高頻詞1real/r??l/adj.真的；真正的·Iwantarealpet,notatoy.我想要一個真正的寵物，而不是玩具。·IsthatarealpaintingbyvanGogh?那是梵高的真跡嗎？·Ireallylikethisrestaurant.Thefoodisreallydelicious.我真的喜歡這家餐廳。食物非常美味?！verythingabouthimistrue.關(guān)于他的一切都是真的。real

adj.真的；真正的。副詞形式為really，意為“真正地；的確”。辨析：real與truereal強(qiáng)調(diào)某物或某人的存在或真實性，可以指物理對象或體驗的真實性。true更強(qiáng)調(diào)事實的準(zhǔn)確性和真實性，通常用于表達(dá)說法、答案或信念是否符合實際。2search/s??t?/v.尋找；搜尋·Isearchformykeysinthelivingroom.我在客廳里尋找我的鑰匙?！hepolicearesearchingforthemissingpersons.警方正在搜尋失蹤人員?！eneedtosearchforasolutiontothisproblem.我們需要尋找這個問題的解決辦法?！hepolicesearchedeveryonepresentatthesceneofthecrime.警察搜查了在犯罪現(xiàn)場的每一個人?！hepolicesearchedtheriverforthelostchild.警察搜查了這條河，尋找那個丟失的孩子。·ShedidasearchontheInternetforinformation.她在網(wǎng)上搜索信息。search

v.搜尋，尋找?？捎米鞑患拔飫釉~，searchforsb./sth.搜尋某人/某物。search還可作及物動詞，意為“搜查；搜身”。常見用法：(1)searchsb.(尤指警察)搜查某人(2)search+地點搜查某地(3)search+地點+for+sb./sth.在某處搜尋某人/某物search還可作名詞，意為“搜索，搜尋”，insearchof...尋找……doasearchontheInternet在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上搜索3lay/le?/v.下(蛋)；放置；擱·Theh