2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)同步課時(shí)作業(yè)1Unit1ScienceandScientistsReadingandThinking含解析新人教版選擇性必修2

Unit1同步課時(shí)作業(yè)（1）ReadingandThinking一、1.Thepolicesuspecttheremaybea___________(聯(lián)系)betweenthetwocases.2.We'refacedwithas___________(嚴(yán)峻的)situationwherewehavetogiveupwhatwe'reeagerformost.3.Therewasnop___________(證據(jù))thattheknifebelongedtoher.4.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃,itfoundthatm___________(很多的)changestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.5.Thisswitchhasd___________(削減)pollutioninthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople6.Theyfelt___________(frustrate)atthelackofprogress.7.Thelocalgovernmentis___________(blame)fornotinformingthepublicofthecaseintime.8.ButtheinformationIgotwasrichandvaried,oreven___________(contradict).9.Asanadult,wehavetolearn___________(handle)stress.10.Thosewholackresistancearemorelikelyto___________(infect)withthevirus.二、intime,attendto,onceandforall,subscribeto,asaresult,thanksto,ingeneral,drawaconclusion1.Judgingfromwhathesaid,I_____thathe'dbeenlying.2.Mysister'sbirthdayisapproaching.Luckily,thegiftboughtforherissent_____.3.Ifyouwouldliketoreceiveregulardailynewsbyemail,thenyoucan_____thisserviceasfollows.4._____thesummercampforexchangestudents,theycanlearnalotaboutChineseculture.5.Wouldyouplease_____thechildwhenIamofftowork?6.Buildingalargegymisatoughtask;itisnotsomethingthatcanbecompleted_____inayear.7.Manymistakeshavebeenescapingdetection,andalotofmoneyhasbeenlost_____.8.Throughpoverty-reliefpolicies,farmersinthisarea_____arebetteroffthantheywerethreeyearsago.三、

ElonMusk,perhapstheworld'smostbrilliantbusinessman,hasahabitofmakingstatementsthatstretchtheboundsofbelievability.

OnJuly16th,2024,heintroducedanewtypeofbrain-machineinterface(BMI),startingfromthedesignofa"neurallace(神經(jīng)織網(wǎng))",anetofthinelectrodes(電極)thatcapturetheinformationfromthebrain.However,theelectrodesmustbeflexible,sothattheydonotdamagebraintissueandwilllastforalongtime.Andtomaketheimplantation(植入)ofsomanyelectrodessafe,painlessandeffective,theprocesshastobeautomated.

Mr.Musk'steamdoesindeedseemtohavemadeprogresstowardsthesegoals.Theirpresentationincludesvideosofarobotthatisbestdescribedasasewingmachine.Thisrobotgrabs"threads",andshootsthemdeepintothebrainthroughahole.Thefirmhasalsodesignedachipthatcanhandlesignalsfromasmanyas3,072electrodes.

Withallthesetechnologicalbreakthroughs,thefirmnowhopestohelppeopleovercomesuchillnessesasblindnessandparalysis.Theydesignedasmalldevicethatwouldsitbehindsomeone'sear,pickingupsignalsfromtheimplantedchipandpassingthemonasappropriate.Inafewyears,usingabrainimplanttocontrolyourdevicesmaybeasprevalentaswearingwirelessearphonestoday.Finally,MuskpredictsneurallacewillallowhumanstobecombinedwithAIsystems,thusenablingthespeciestosurvive.

Though,asthisannouncementshows,Mr.Muskdoeshaveahabitofpresentinghimselfastheheroofthehumanrace,atleasttheconceptthatsomemachineswillcomeunderthedirectcontrolofhumanbrainsseemspossibletobecarriedout.Thebiggestbarriertothishappeningwillprobablynotbewritingthesoftwareneededtointerpretbrainwaves,butratherpersuadingpeoplethatthenecessarysurgery,whetherbysewingmachineorotherwise,isactuallyagoodidea.1.Wecanlearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat__________.A.electrodesshouldbeflexibletoextendlifeB.ElonMuskconstantlycomesupwithunexpectedideasC.aneurallaceisusedtostoreinformationfromthebrainD.electrodesareimplantedbytopsurgeonsforsafetyreasons2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prevalent"inParagraph4probablymean?A.Useful. B.Common. C.Professional. D.Appropriate.3.WhatisthehardestpartofcarryingoutBMI?A.Convincingpeopletoacceptthesurgery. B.Developingdevicestoperformthesurgery.C.Writingthesoftwaretointerpretbrainwaves. D.Informingpeopleofthesuccessofthesurgery.4.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.TheNeuralLace,aNewTypeofBMI B.ElonMusk,theHeroofHumanBeingsC.ArtificialIntelligence,theWaytoSurvive D.ABrainImplant,aSteptoControlMachines四、

Cholerausedtobeoneof

①_____(frightening)diseases.Intheearly19thcentury,when

②_____outbreakofcholerahitEurope,millionsofpeopledied.Butneitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.ABritishdoctor,JohnSnow,wantedtosolvetheproblemandheknewthatcholerawouldnotbecontrolled

③_____itscausewasfound.Ingeneral,thereweretwocontradictorytheories

④_____explainedhowcholeraspread.Thefirstsuggestedthatbadaircausedthedisease.Thesecondwasthatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfrom

⑤_____

(germ)infoodorwater.JohnSnowthoughtthatthesecondtheorywascorrectbutheneededproof.SowhenanotheroutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854,hebegantoinvestigate.Laterwithalltheevidencehe

⑥_____(gather),JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Therefore,hehadthehandleofthepump

⑦

_____(remove)sothatitcouldn'tbeused.Throughhisintervention,thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks.

What'smore,JohnSnowfoundthatsomecompaniessoldwaterfromtheRiverThamesthat

⑧_____

(pollute)byrawwaste.Thepeoplewhodrankthiswaterweremuchmorelikely

⑨_____

(get)cholerathanthosewhodrankpureorboiledwater.ThroughJohnSnow'sefforts,the

⑩_____

(threaten)ofcholeraaroundtheworldsawasubstantialdecrease.

答案以及解析一、1.答案：link2.答案：severe解析：句意:我們面臨著嚴(yán)峻的形勢(shì),那就是我們得放棄我們最渴望的東西。3.答案：proof解析：句意:沒(méi)有證據(jù)證明那把刀子是屬于她的。4.答案：multiple解析：句意:在一個(gè)升溫3攝氏度的世界里,它發(fā)覺(jué)海洋的顏色會(huì)發(fā)生多種改變。5.答案：decreased解析：句意:這一轉(zhuǎn)變削減了這個(gè)國(guó)家主要湖泊和水庫(kù)的污染,使人們的飲用水更加平安。6.答案：frustrated解析：句意:沒(méi)有進(jìn)展,他們感到受挫。feel此處是系動(dòng)詞,后面應(yīng)當(dāng)用形容詞。7.答案：toblame解析：句意:當(dāng)?shù)卣畱?yīng)當(dāng)為未能剛好告知公眾這個(gè)案件而負(fù)責(zé)。betoblamefor...為……擔(dān)當(dāng)責(zé)任,歸咎于……。8.答案：contradictory解析：句意:但我得到的信息是豐富多樣的,甚至是相互沖突的。此處系動(dòng)詞was后面用形容詞,rich,varied和contradictory是三個(gè)并列的形容詞。9.答案：tohandle解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:作為成年人,我們必需學(xué)會(huì)應(yīng)對(duì)壓力。learntodo...意為“學(xué)會(huì)做……”,故填tohandle。10.答案：beinfected解析：句意:那些缺乏反抗力的人更簡(jiǎn)單感染這種病毒。beinfectedwith固定短語(yǔ),意為“被感染”。二、答案：1.drewaconclusion2.intime3.subscribeto4.Thanksto5.attendto6.onceandforall7.asaresult8.ingeneral三、答案：1-4BBAA

解析：1.推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段ElonMusk...hasahabitofmakingstatementsthatstretchtheboundsofbelievability.(ElonMusk……有一種習(xí)慣,他發(fā)表的言論延長(zhǎng)了可信度的范圍。)以及其次段中OnJuly16th,2024,heintroducedanewtypeofbrain-machineinterface(BMI)(2024年7月16日,他介紹了一種新型的腦機(jī)接口。)可知ElonMusk常常能提出前所未聞的想法,B項(xiàng)符合題意。故選B。

2.詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第四段中Theydesignedasmalldevicethatwouldsitbehindsomeone'sear,pickingupsignalsfromtheimplantedchipandpassingthemonasappropriate.可知,現(xiàn)在設(shè)計(jì)的小設(shè)備應(yīng)用較為困難。畫(huà)線詞所在句表述為幾年后,與現(xiàn)在形成對(duì)比,表明這項(xiàng)技術(shù)會(huì)變得更為普遍和簡(jiǎn)易,就像戴無(wú)線耳機(jī)一樣。故B項(xiàng)common“普遍的”切合題意。故選B。

3.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中Thebiggestbarriertothishappeningwillprobablynotbewritingthesoftwareneededtointerpretbrainwaves,butratherpersuadingpeoplethatthenecessarysurgery...isactuallyagoodidea.可知,最大的阻礙可能不是寫(xiě)軟件,而是勸服人們做這種必要的外科手術(shù)其實(shí)是個(gè)好辦法。意在表明實(shí)施BMI最艱難的部分是勸服人們接受必要的外科手術(shù)。故選A。

4.主旨大意題。依據(jù)其次段中OnJuly16th,2024,heintroducedanewtypeofbrain-machinein