重慶市第二外國語學(xué)校2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期第一次質(zhì)量檢測英語試題

重慶市第二外國語學(xué)校高2026級(jí)高二上第一次質(zhì)量檢測英語試題（全卷共七道大題滿分：150分考試時(shí)間：120分鐘）第一部分聽力（共二節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（每題1.5分，共7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanthinkthefuturewillbring?A.Flyingcars.B.Highspeedcars.C.Selfdrivingcars.2.HowwillthemanprobablygettoDitanPark?A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.3.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydothisweekend?A.Cleanthecityriver.B.Plantsometrees.C.Attendaclass.4.Whatmakesupthelowestpercentageofmunicationaccordingtotheman?A.Words.B.Bodylanguage.C.Toneofvoice.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Giftsfromrichpeople.B.Newsaboutspacetravel.C.Abirthdaypartyforafriend.第二節(jié)（每題1.5分，共22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Intheschool.C.Inagamestore.7.WhatsubjectdoesMrs.Smartprobablyteach?A.Math.B.English.C.Geography.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Howisthemanfeeling?A.Surprised.B.Relaxed.C.Tired.9.Wheredidthemanspendmostofhisholiday?A.Onthefarm.B.Onthebeach.C.Inthepark.10.WhatdoesthemansayaboutHawaiianboats?A.Theyaremadeofasingletree.B.Theyarecoveredininterestingdesigns.C.TheywereoriginallyinspiredbyMāoriculture.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Gymmanagerandemployee.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Sportscoachandathlete.12.Whywasthemanlateagain?A.Hegottoomuchschoolwork.B.Hewasnotwillingtotrainhard.C.Hehadtomeetwithagreatboxer.13.What'sthewomanlike?A.Strict.B.Hardworking.C.Understanding.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoflivinginspace?A.Boring.B.Scary.C.Challenging.15.Whatwasquitehardforthewomanonthespacestation?A.Fallingasleep.B.Washingherhair.C.Runningexperiments.16.Whatdoweknowaboutastronautsonthespacestation?A.Theyarenotverybusywithwork.B.Theyexperiencemorenighttimethere.C.Theywatchfilmsorplaygamesforfun.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Wheredidthespeakerseethereport?A.OnTV.B.Inanewspaper.C.OntheInternet.18.Whatwillbeenormaloverthenext10years?A.Workingfromhome.B.Workingwhiletraveling.C.Workinglesseachweek.19.WhatistheMicrosoftappexpectedtodo?A.Forcepeopletoleavetheiroffices.B.Helppeopleseparateworklifefromhomelife.C.Providepeoplewithrelevanttrafficinformation.20.Howwillpeoplepayforgoodsinthefutureaccordingtothejournalist?A.Withtheirphones.B.Withtheircards.C.Withtheirfaces.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThevariedlandscapesofSouthAfricaplayhosttoanextraordinaryvarietyofseasonalnaturalphenomenainthesouthernhemisphere(南半球).WHALESINHERMANUSWhenitestolandbasedwhalewatching,fewplacesworldwidecanrivalHermanus.It'sscenicatanytime,butinthelatterhalfofeachyear,particularlybetweenAugustandOctober,theareaisfrequentedbyhuge,50tonsouthernrightwhales.TheHermanusWhaleFestivaltakesplaceinlatoSeptember,asociableeventwithstreetparadesandmore.ThetowniscloseenoughtoCapeTowntoworkasadaytrip.hermanustourism.co.zaTURTLES(海龜)ATSODWANABAYBetweenNovemberandJanuaryeachyear,femaleloggerheadandleatherbackturtlesappearfromtheIndianOceanonthebeachesofSodwanaBayandlaytheireggsinthesand.Thebaywasfamousasascubadivingsite,butthechancetoseeitsnestingseaturtlesisasgoodareasontoecalling.Tourstoseetheminthesandareonfoot,usuallybeginningatsunset,andcanlastfromtwotofourhours.kosi.co.zaNIGHTSKYINTHEKALAHARISince2019,the!Ae!HaiKalahariHeritageParkhasbeennamedasanInternationalDarkSkySanctuary.Benefitingfrompreciouslittlelightpollution,itoffersworldclassstargazing.Thisisespeciallytrueinthedryseason,betweenMayandOctober.Ifyoutimeyourvisittocoincidewithanewmoon,whenthestarspeckeddarkskiesareattheirmostvivid,thensomuchthebetter.xauslodge.co.zaDESERTFLOWERSINNAMAQUALANDEachyearasaffroncolouredspreadofflowercarpetedshrublandsappearsinthedrysurroundsofNamaqualandintheNorthernCape.ThestaroftheshowisabrightorangewildflowerknownastheNamaqualanddaisy,whichblanketstheremoteNamaquaNationalPark.ThekeyperiodforseeingtheflowersisbetweenearlyAugustandlateSeptember,duringtheSouthernHemispherespring.Demandforlocalacmodationisgenerallyhigh,sobookwellahead.experiencenortherncape.1.Whichwebsiteisforwhalewatchingvisitors?A.xauslodge.co.za B.hermanustourism.co.zaC.kosi.co.za D.experiencenortherncape.2.WhichofthelandscapeissuitabletovisitinJune?A.KALAHARI B.HERMANUS C.SODWANABAY D.NAMAQUALAND3.Whatdothefourlandscapeshaveinmon?A.Theyallrequireadvancebookingforvisits. B.Theyallarebestvisitedduringthedryseason.C.Theyallinvolveobservinglifeinthesea. D.Theyallfeatureuniquenaturalcycles.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了南非幾個(gè)具有特色的自然景觀和季節(jié)性自然奇觀，包括赫曼努斯的鯨魚、索德瓦納灣的海龜、卡拉哈里的夜空以及納馬夸蘭的沙漠之花，同時(shí)提供了相關(guān)的旅游信息和網(wǎng)址鏈接?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章WHALESINHERMANUS部分中的“Whenitestolandbasedwhalewatching,fewplacesworldwidecanrivalHermanus.It'sscenicatanytime,butinthelatterhalfofeachyear,particularlybetweenAugustandOctober,theareaisfrequentedbyhuge,50tonsouthernrightwhales.TheHermanusWhaleFestivaltakesplaceinlatoSeptember,asociableeventwithstreetparadesandmore.(當(dāng)談到在陸地上觀賞鯨魚時(shí)，世界上很少有地方能與赫曼努斯相媲美。這里任何時(shí)候都風(fēng)景如畫，但每年下半年，尤其是8月至10月期間，巨大的、重達(dá)50噸的南露脊鯨頻繁出沒于這一海域。赫曼努斯鯨魚節(jié)于9月下旬舉行，是一場熱鬧的盛會(huì)，包括街頭游行等豐富多彩的活動(dòng)。)”可知，該自然景觀適合鯨魚觀賞；再根據(jù)該部分的網(wǎng)站“”可知，是與鯨魚觀賞相關(guān)的網(wǎng)站。故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章NIGHTSKYINTHEKALAHARI部分中的“Benefitingfrompreciouslittlelightpollution,itoffersworldclassstargazing.Thisisespeciallytrueinthedryseason,betweenMayandOctober.(這里幾乎沒有光污染，因此可以欣賞到世界級(jí)的星空。這在旱季（5月至10月）尤其如此。)”可知，KALAHARI地區(qū)在六月是適合參觀的，因?yàn)榇藭r(shí)是旱季，夜空清晰，適合觀星。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章WHALESINHERMANUS部分中的“It'sscenicatanytime,butinthelatterhalfofeachyear,particularlybetweenAugustandOctober,theareaisfrequentedbyhuge,50tonsouthernrightwhales.(這里任何時(shí)候都風(fēng)景如畫，但每年下半年，尤其是8月至10月期間，巨大的、重達(dá)50噸的南露脊鯨頻繁出沒于這一海域。)”、文章TURTLES(海龜)ATSODWANABAY部分中的“BetweenNovemberandJanuaryeachyear,femaleloggerheadandleatherbackturtlesappearfromtheIndianOceanonthebeachesofSodwanaBayandlaytheireggsinthesand.(每年11月至1月期間，雌性蠵龜和棱皮龜會(huì)從印度洋來到索德瓦納灣的海灘上，在沙子里產(chǎn)卵。)”、根據(jù)文章NIGHTSKYINTHEKALAHARI部分中的“Benefitingfrompreciouslittlelightpollution,itoffersworldclassstargazing.Thisisespeciallytrueinthedryseason,betweenMayandOctober.(這里幾乎沒有光污染，因此可以欣賞到世界級(jí)的星空。這在旱季（5月至10月）尤其如此。)”以及根據(jù)文章DESERTFLOWERSINNAMAQUALAND部分中的“ThekeyperiodforseeingtheflowersisbetweenearlyAugustandlateSeptember,duringtheSouthernHemispherespring.(觀賞這些花卉的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期是8月初至9月末，正值南半球的春季。)”可知，這四個(gè)景觀都展現(xiàn)了獨(dú)特的自然周期。故選D。BTheword“emoji”esfromJapanese,literallymeaning“picturecharacter”.Emojisaresmallsymbolsrepresentingideas,emotionsorfeelings.WhenfirstintroducedinJapanin1999,emojiswerelimitedto176simpledesigns.Nowtherearemorethan3,000emojisthatexpanduponthewayinwhichwemunicate.Itseemsthatemojishaveclearadvantagesoverwrittenlanguage.Peoplelikethembecausetheyaddemotionalmeaning,andarequickandeasytouse.Withasmilingorsadfaceaddedtoamessageorpost,yourreadercan“see”yourfacialexpressionwhilereadingyourwords.Emojiscanalsohelppeopleexpresstheirfeelingswhentheycannotfindtheappropriatewords.Forinstance,ifyourfriendismovingacrossthecountry,youmayjustsendthemastringofcryingfacestoexpressyoursadnessoveryourseparation.Theuseofemojishasevenspreadtoclassicalliterature.AShakespeareseriesforyoungreadershastakenWilliamShakespeare’spopularplaysandreplacedsomewordswithtextspeakandemojis.Theintentionoftheseadaptationsistomaketheclassicsmoreaccessibletoyoungreaders.Somepeople,however,believethatthesenewversionshavetakenawaytheheartandsoulofShakespeare’splays.Aswecansee,emojishaveatendencytopopupallovertheplace.Usersofemojissaythattheyfacilitatethewayinwhichwemunicateandexpressourselves.Butthismakesothers,especiallyeducators,worrythatwearelosingtheabilitytomunicateproperlyusingthewrittenword,oreventhespokenword.Perhapspeoplewillonedaychoosetomunicateinpictures,andforgethowtowriteproperly.Onthatday,emojiswillhavebeearealpictorial“l(fā)anguage”.But,fornow,maybeit’sbestthatwejustenjoyusingthem.4.Whatisanadvantageofemojiaccordingtothetext?A.Itisconvenienttowritedown. B.Ithasanemotionaltouch.C.Itmakesmessagereadingharder. D.Itcanhelprepairfriendship.5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningShakespeare?A.Toshowthewidespreadapplicationofemojis. B.Togiveabriefaccountofemojis’functions.C.Toremendtheadaptationsofclassics. D.TohonorthefamousEnglishplaywriter.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“popup”inparagraph4referto?A.Break B.Lack. C.Appear. D.Die.7.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsthecurrentuseofemojis?A.Objective. B.Concerned. C.Negative. D.Favorable.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了emoji的起源、發(fā)展、優(yōu)勢、應(yīng)用以及人們對(duì)emoji使用的不同看法?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Itseemsthatemojishaveclearadvantagesoverwrittenlanguage.Peoplelikethembecausetheyaddemotionalmeaning,andarequickandeasytouse.(emoji似乎相較于書面語言有著明顯的優(yōu)勢。人們喜歡它們，是因?yàn)樗鼈冊鎏砹饲楦幸饬x，且使用快捷方便。)”可知，人們喜歡emoji是因?yàn)樗鼈冊黾恿饲楦幸饬x，即emoji具有情感色彩。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Theuseofemojishasevenspreadtoclassicalliterature.AShakespeareseriesforyoungreadershastakenWilliamShakespeare’spopularplaysandreplacedsomewordswithtextspeakandemojis.(emoji的使用甚至已經(jīng)延伸到了古典文學(xué)中。一套面向年輕讀者的莎士比亞系列讀物，選取了威廉·莎士比亞的流行劇目，并用文本語言和emoji替換了其中的一些詞語。)”可知，作者提到莎士比亞的作品是為了說明emoji的廣泛應(yīng)用。故選A?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在句以及下一句“Aswecansee,emojishaveatendencytopopupallovertheplace.Usersofemojissaythattheyfacilitatethewayinwhichwemunicateandexpressourselves.(我們可以看到，emoji……所有地方。使用emoji的用戶表示，它們促進(jìn)了我們的交流和表達(dá)方式。)”以及上文內(nèi)容可知，emoji得到了廣泛的使用可推測，劃線部分“popup”應(yīng)該是指“出現(xiàn)”的意思。選項(xiàng)C“appear(出現(xiàn))”與此相符。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章全文內(nèi)容可知，文章提到emoji優(yōu)勢，如增加情感意義、易于使用等，同時(shí)也提到了教育工作者對(duì)emoji使用的擔(dān)憂，即人們可能會(huì)喪失用文字或口頭語言正確交流的能力。但文章最后說“But,fornow,maybeit’sbestthatwejustenjoyusingthem(但就目前而言，也許我們最好還是享受使用它們的樂趣吧)”，這表明作者并沒有完全站在擔(dān)憂或消極的角度，也沒有完全支持emoji的使用，而是持有一種相對(duì)中立、客觀的態(tài)度。故選A。CBostonwantstobesmarter.Thecityhastakenadvantageoftechnologiestobeemoreresponsivetoitsresidents’needs.Buttechnologyaloneisnotsufficienttomaketoday’scitiesliveable.Bostonhasdiscoveredthatitalsoneedstoreachtheoldfashionedlowtechmunityandintegratethattechnologywithcitylife.KrisCarterrolledoutBoston’ssmartcityprogramin2014.Itstartedwithanappthatresidentscoulddownloadtoreportlocationswheresidewalksneededrepair.Thecitysortedoutthosereportsandrankedtheminadatabase,whichrepaircrewsusedtoprioritizetheirwork.Thesystemworkedbeautifully,exceptforoneproblem:mostofthealerts(警報(bào))camefromwealthierneighborhoods,wheretheconcentrationofsmartphoneequippedresidentswashighest.“Theplaintsfromtheappdidn’talwayscorrelatewiththegreatestmunityneedforrepairs,”explainsCarter.Carter’sgrouphasmovedawayfromthemodelmontomanysmartcityinitiativesoflettingtechsavvy(精通技術(shù)的)residentsdrivetheprocess.Instead,theyrunmeetingstofindoutwhatproblemspeopleindifferentneighborhoodscareaboutsolving.Whenitcametosidewalks,Bostonintroducedasecondmethodofcollectingrepairtips,hiringpeopletogetoutandwalkthecity’s1,700milesofsidewalkstotakenotesontheircondition.Whetherusinglowtechorhightechapproaches,saysCarter,tostaysmart,acityneedstocontinuallyreassessitsoptionstospotopportunitiestoimproveresidents’lives.Takethesidewalkrepairprogram,walkingonthestreetswasprovedauseful,ifinefficientwaytoprioritizorepairneeds.Butlastyearthegroupfoundthatwalkers’mobilephonescouldbetrackedastheymovedalongthestreets,andthatdatacouldbeanalyzedtoidentifysidewalkrouteswhicharemostoftenusedbyneighborhoods.“binedwithourothersidewalkinformation,thatgaveusanevenbetterwaytopredictwherefasterrepairswoulddothemostgood,”saysCarter.“We’rereallyalwayslookingforwhatevermixofapproachesbestsolvestheproblem.”8.HowdidKrisCartercarryoutthesmartcityprogram?A.Bywritingreportsonsidewalklocations. B.Byprocessingreportscollectedfromanapp.C.Bypresentingdataonsidewalkusage. D.Byparingdatafromdifferentdatabases.9.WhatproblemdidKrisCarter’steammeetwhencarryingouttheirprogram?A.Theyfacedmanytechnicalproblems. B.Theywerenotsupportedbyresidents.C.Theycouldn’tserveallresidentswell. D.Theywereannoyedbybeingshortstaffed.10.WhichofthefollowingmightKrisCartermostagreewith?A.Maximizingthebenefitsoftechnology. B.Mixingapproachesforsolvingproblems.C.Havinggreaterconfidenceintheresidents. D.Lettingtechpaniesbealeadingrole.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Asmartcity:morethanjusttech B.AcitywithintelligentfacilitiesC.Jointeffortincityconstruction D.Themodernizationofacity【答案】8B9.C10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章以波士頓智慧城市計(jì)劃為例，介紹了城市如何利用技術(shù)來更及時(shí)地響應(yīng)居民需求，并討論了技術(shù)在智慧城市計(jì)劃中的應(yīng)用以及存在的問題和解決方案?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“KrisCarterrolledoutBoston’ssmartcityprogramin2014.Itstartedwithanappthatresidentscoulddownloadtoreportlocationswheresidewalksneededrepair.Thecitysortedoutthosereportsandrankedtheminadatabase,whichrepaircrewsusedtoprioritizetheirwork.(KrisCarter在2014年推出了波士頓的智慧城市計(jì)劃。該計(jì)劃始于一款應(yīng)用程序，居民可以該應(yīng)用程序來報(bào)告需要維修的人行道位置。城市會(huì)對(duì)這些報(bào)告進(jìn)行整理，并在數(shù)據(jù)庫中對(duì)其進(jìn)行排名，維修團(tuán)隊(duì)則根據(jù)這些排名來優(yōu)先安排他們的工作。)”可知，KrisCarter實(shí)施的智慧城市計(jì)劃是通過應(yīng)用程序收集居民關(guān)于人行道維修的報(bào)告，并對(duì)這些報(bào)告進(jìn)行處理和排名。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thesystemworkedbeautifully,exceptforoneproblem:mostofthealertscamefromwealthierneighborhoods,wheretheconcentrationofsmartphoneequippedresidentswashighest.“Theplaintsfromtheappdidn’talwayscorrelatewiththegreatestmunityneedforrepairs,”explainsCarter.(這個(gè)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行得很好，但有一個(gè)問題：大多數(shù)警報(bào)都來自較富裕的街區(qū)，因?yàn)檫@些街區(qū)配備智能的居民最為集中?！皯?yīng)用程序中的投訴并不總是與社區(qū)最需要維修的地方相關(guān)，”Carter解釋道。)”可知，KrisCarter的團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的技術(shù)主導(dǎo)方法并沒有覆蓋到所有需要服務(wù)的人群。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Instead,theyrunmeetingstofindoutwhatproblemspeopleindifferentneighborhoodscareaboutsolving.Whenitcametosidewalks,Bostonintroducedasecondmethodofcollectingrepairtips,hiringpeopletogetoutandwalkthecity’s1,700milesofsidewalkstotakenotesontheircondition.(相反，他們召開會(huì)議，以了解不同街區(qū)的居民關(guān)心解決哪些問題。在人行道方面，波士頓采用了第二種收集維修建議的方法，即雇傭人員走出去，巡查城市1700英里的人行道，并記錄它們的狀況。)”以及最后一段““binedwithourothersidewalkinformation,thatgaveusanevenbetterwaytopredictwherefasterrepairswoulddothemostgood,”saysCarter.“We’rereallyalwayslookingforwhatevermixofapproachesbestsolvestheproblem.”(“結(jié)合我們其他的人行道信息，這為我們提供了一個(gè)更好的方法來預(yù)測在哪里進(jìn)行更快的維修會(huì)帶來最大的好處，”Carter說?！拔覀円恢痹趯ふ易钅芙鉀Q問題的各種方法的組合。”)”可知，KrisCarter最可能同意的觀點(diǎn)是選項(xiàng)B“Mixingapproachesforsolvingproblems（混合方法解決問題）”。這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)與文章中提到的技術(shù)驅(qū)動(dòng)方法的局限性以及需要更全面的解決方案來覆蓋所有需要服務(wù)的人群的情況相符。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Bostonwantstobesmarter.Thecityhastakenadvantageoftechnologiestobeemoreresponsivetoitsresidents’needs.Buttechnologyaloneisnotsufficienttomaketoday’scitiesliveable.Bostonhasdiscoveredthatitalsoneedstoreachtheoldfashionedlowtechmunityandintegratethattechnologywithcitylife.(波士頓希望變得更加智慧。這座城市已經(jīng)利用技術(shù)來更及時(shí)地響應(yīng)居民的需求。但是，僅憑技術(shù)還不足以讓今天的城市變得宜居。波士頓已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，它還需要觸及到那些老式的低技術(shù)社區(qū)，并將這些技術(shù)與城市生活融為一體。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了波士頓智慧城市計(jì)劃，強(qiáng)調(diào)了技術(shù)雖然重要，但僅僅依賴技術(shù)并不足以使城市變得宜居。波士頓還需要觸及那些老式的低技術(shù)社區(qū)，并將技術(shù)與城市生活融為一體。文章通過波士頓的例子，展示了智慧城市建設(shè)的復(fù)雜性和多元性，不僅涉及高科技，還需要考慮社區(qū)的需求和實(shí)際情況。選項(xiàng)A“Asmartcity:morethanjusttech（智慧城市：不僅僅是技術(shù)）”準(zhǔn)確地概括了文章的主題，即智慧城市的建設(shè)不僅僅是依賴技術(shù)，還需要考慮其他因素。故選A。DJapanesescientistshavecreatedoneoftheworld’smostunusualspacecraft,theLignostprobe—atinysatellitemadeoftimber(木材).InexperimentscarriedoutontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS),itwasfoundparticularlystableandresistanttocracking.NowplansarebeingfinalizedtolaunchitonaUSrocketthissummer.Thetimbersatellitehasbeenbuilttoseeiftheycanactasenvironmentallyfriendlyalternativestothemetalsfromwhichallsatellitesarecurrentlyconstructed.“AllthesatellitesreenteringtheEarth’satmosphereburnandcreateharmfulparticles,whichwillfloatintheupperatmosphereforyears,”TakaoDoi,aJapaneseastronautandaerospaceengineer,warnedrecently.“Eventually,itwillaffecttheenvironmentoftheEarth.”Totackletheproblem,Kyotoresearcherssetupaprojecttoevaluatetypesofwoodtodeterminehowwelltheycouldwithstand(抵抗)thesevereconditionsofspacelaunchandlengthyflightsinorbitroundtheEarth.Thefirsttestswereconductedinlaboratoriesthatrecreatedconditionsinspace,andwoodsampleswerefoundtohavesufferednomeasurablechangesinmassorsignsofdepositionordamage.“Wood’sabilitytowithstandtheseconditionsastonishedus,”saidKojiMurata,headoftheproject.Afterthesetests,samplesweresenttotheISS,wheretheyweresubjectedtoexposuretrialsforalmostayearbeforebeingbroughtbacktoEarth.Again,theyshowedlittlesignsofdamage,aphenomenonthatMurataattributedtothefactthatthereisneitheroxygeninspacewhichcouldcausewoodtoburn,norlivingcreaturestocauseittorot.“Oneofthemissionsofthesatelliteistomeasurethedeformationofthewoodenstructureinspace.Woodisdurable(耐用的)andstable(穩(wěn)定的)inonedirectionbutmaybeeasytohavedimensionalchangesandcrackingintheotherdirection,”hesaid.Itisexpectedthattheprobewilloperateinspaceforatleastsixmonthsbeforebeingallowedtoentertheupperatmosphere.Ifitperformswellduringitsoperationinorbit,thenthedoorcouldbeopenedfortheuseofwoodasconstructionmaterialformoresatellites.12.Whyistimberusedinthespacecraft?A.Timberprovidesadistinctappearance. B.Timberiscosteffectiveparedtometals.C.Timberisanecofriendlyreplacementofmetals. D.Timbermaintainsbetterstructuralperformance.13.Whatcanbelearnedfromtheprojectinparagraph4?A.Theprojectaimedatwood’sspaceenduringqualities.B.Theprojecttargetedwood’scostminimizingpotential.C.Theprojectconcentratedonwood’sweightmaintainingaspects.D.Theprojectexaminedwood’screaturewithstandingfeatures.14.WhatisthedisadvantageoftimberaccordingtoMurata?A.Itissubjecttodimensionalinstability.B.It’sstructureisunreliableinspace.C.Itchangesshapeunderextremetemperatures.D.It’sdurabilityisaffectedbymicrogravityconditions.15.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.TheLignostprobeisexpectedtolastforatleastsixmonthsinspacebeforereentry.B.TheLignostprobe’smissionistocheckhowwellwoodholdsupinspace.C.TheLignostprobewillhelpdecideifwoodcanbeusedtobuildmoresatellitesinthefuture.D.TheLignostprobe’ssuccesscouldleadtousingmoremetalwhenmakingsatellites.【答案】12.C13.A14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了日本科學(xué)家創(chuàng)造的一種新型木材衛(wèi)星，并詳細(xì)闡述了該衛(wèi)星的特點(diǎn)、實(shí)驗(yàn)過程、目的以及未來可能的應(yīng)用?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thetimbersatellitehasbeenbuilttoseeiftheycanactasenvironmentallyfriendlyalternativestothemetalsfromwhichallsatellitesarecurrentlyconstructed.(建造木材衛(wèi)星是為了檢驗(yàn)它們是否可以作為目前所有衛(wèi)星制造材料金屬的環(huán)保替代品。)”可知，木材被用作航天器的材料，主要是出于環(huán)保的考慮，即作為金屬的替代品來減少對(duì)環(huán)境的影響。故選C。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Totackletheproblem,Kyotoresearcherssetupaprojecttoevaluatetypesofwoodtodeterminehowwelltheycouldwithstand(抵抗)thesevereconditionsofspacelaunchandlengthyflightsinorbitroundtheEarth.(為了解決這一問題，京都的研究人員設(shè)立了一個(gè)項(xiàng)目來評(píng)估各種木材，以確定它們能否承受太空發(fā)射的惡劣條件以及圍繞地球長期軌道飛行的考驗(yàn)。)”可知，該項(xiàng)目的主要目的是評(píng)估木材在太空環(huán)境中的耐久性。故選A。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段““Oneofthemissionsofthesatelliteistomeasurethedeformationofthewoodenstructureinspace.Woodisdurable(耐用的)andstable(穩(wěn)定的)inonedirectionbutmaybeeasytohavedimensionalchangesandcrackingintheotherdirection,”hesaid.(“該衛(wèi)星的任務(wù)之一是測量木材結(jié)構(gòu)在太空中的變形情況。木材在一個(gè)方向上耐用且穩(wěn)定，但在另一個(gè)方向上可能容易發(fā)生尺寸變化和開裂，”他說。)”可知，根據(jù)Murata的說法，木材的缺點(diǎn)是它容易受到尺寸不穩(wěn)定的影響。故選A。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Itisexpectedthattheprobewilloperateinspaceforatleastsixmonthsbeforebeingallowedtoentertheupperatmosphere.Ifitperformswellduringitsoperationinorbit,thenthedoorcouldbeopenedfortheuseofwoodasconstructionmaterialformoresatellites.(預(yù)計(jì)該探測器將在太空運(yùn)行至少六個(gè)月后，才被允許進(jìn)入高層大氣。如果它在軌道運(yùn)行期間表現(xiàn)良好，那么木材作為更多衛(wèi)星建造材料的使用之門可能會(huì)被打開。)”可知，最后一段明確指出了Lignost探測器的主要任務(wù)和目標(biāo)，即評(píng)估木材作為衛(wèi)星建造材料的可行性，并根據(jù)探測結(jié)果來決定未來是否使用木材。因此，該段的主旨大意是Lignost探測器將有助于決定未來是否可以使用木材建造更多的衛(wèi)星。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TodaymarksthelastdayoftheSocialMediaDetox,afundraisingcampaignfornewsportsequipment.Atthestartofthedetox,over100studentshadbeenpersuadedtostopusingsocialmedia,inANYform,forsevendays.Ibetyou’reeagertofindoutjusthowmanyhavebeenmotivatedenoughtolastthefullsevendays!___16___Anna17Ilastedtwodays.ThedetoxwasmoredifficulttotoleratethanIhadexpected.IfeltlikeIhadlostanarm!___17___Butonreflection,Icanseehowmuchofmytimehadbeenoccupiedwithcheckingmyphone.I’mnowtryingtospendlesstimeonlineandmoretimepickingupmyhobbies.Devon16Ilastedfourdays.OnMonday,myclassmateandIspokeaboutwhatwedidattheweekenditfeltreallystrangenottoalreadyknowwhathehaddone.Wewouldusuallyhavepostedpicturesandupdatedourprofiles.Doingthedetoxmeantwehadtotalkandexplainwhatweweredoingandthinking!___18___George16Ididallsevendays,too!Tobehonest,Ididn’tfindthedetoxtoodifficult,butIdidgivemyphonetomydadtoavoidgivingin!___19___.Sohetookmetocheckoutourlocalsportscentre.Anhour’ssporteachdayleftmetiredoutandwantingtogotobedearly.Thedetoxmademehealthier!Thedetoxraisedatotalof￡1,632.82fornewschoolsportsequipment!___20___Awarenessofjusthowmuchwerelyonsocialmediacanhelpusstepawayfromitandmunicatewitheachotherbetter.A.Ithadbroughtussuchabigtrouble!B.Ilovedplayingbasketballwithmybrother.C.Andwhathasbeenlearntfromtheexperience?D.Noteatingfortwodayswouldhavebeeneasier!E.Somethingotherthanmoneyhasalsobeenraised.F.ItmademerealisethevalueofrealcontactthatIhadforgotten.G.MybrotherthoughtIshouldmakefulluseofthetimewithoutmyphone.【答案】16.C17.D18.F19.G20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇訪談?dòng)涗?。文章通過記錄幾位參與者關(guān)于“社交媒體排毒”（即暫時(shí)停止使用社交媒體）活動(dòng)的經(jīng)歷和感受，展現(xiàn)了這一活動(dòng)對(duì)他們的影響和收獲?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Ibetyou’reeagertofindoutjusthowmanyhavebeenmotivatedenoughtolastthefullsevendays!(我敢打賭，你一定很想知道有多少人有足夠的動(dòng)力堅(jiān)持整整七天！)”可知，作者提出讀者一定想知道有多少人堅(jiān)持了七天。選項(xiàng)C“Andwhathasbeenlearntfromtheexperience?(我們從這次經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到了什么？)”是上文內(nèi)容的延續(xù)，指出，參與活動(dòng)的人又有什么收獲。從而自然引出下文幾個(gè)參與者的反思。故選C。【17題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“ThedetoxwasmoredifficulttotoleratethanIhadexpected.IfeltlikeIhadlostanarm!(“排毒”比我想象的更難忍受。我覺得自己好像失去了一只胳膊！)”可知，Anna認(rèn)為“排毒”非常難以忍受。選項(xiàng)D“Noteatingfortwodayswouldhavebeeneasier!(兩天不吃東西會(huì)容易些！)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指出“排毒”很難，與“排毒”相比，兩天不吃東西更容易。故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Doingthedetoxmeantwehadtotalkandexplainwhatweweredoingandthinking!(“排毒”意味著我們必須交談和解釋我們在做什么和想什么！)”可知，“排毒”需要Devon面對(duì)面和同學(xué)交流。選項(xiàng)F“ItmademerealisethevalueofrealcontactthatIhadforgotten.(這讓我意識(shí)到我已經(jīng)忘記的真正接觸的價(jià)值。)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指出和同學(xué)面對(duì)面交流讓作者意識(shí)到真正接觸的重要性。故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Sohetookmetocheckoutourlocalsportscentre.(所以他帶我去我們當(dāng)?shù)氐捏w育中心看看。)”可推測，空處提到一位男性的想法。選項(xiàng)G“MybrotherthoughtIshouldmakefulluseofthetimewithoutmyphone.(我哥哥認(rèn)為我應(yīng)該充分利用沒有的時(shí)間。)”與下文形成連貫性，指出George的哥哥認(rèn)為George應(yīng)該充分利用沒有的時(shí)間，所以帶他去體育中心鍛煉。故選G。【20題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Thedetoxraisedatotalof￡1,632.82fornewschoolsportsequipment!(“排毒”活動(dòng)共籌得1,632.82英鎊用來購置新學(xué)校運(yùn)動(dòng)器材！)”可知，上文提到了“排毒”活動(dòng)帶來的好處。選項(xiàng)E“Somethingotherthanmoneyhasalsobeenraised.(除了錢之外，還籌集了一些其他的東西。)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指出“排毒”活動(dòng)籌集了一些錢，同時(shí)引出下文該活動(dòng)的意義。故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。In17thcenturyEurope,itwasunheardofforawomantotravelbyherself,butthatdidn’tstopMariaSibyllaMerian.In1699,sheandherdaughterDorothea___21___fromAmsterdamtoSurinaminSouthAmerica.Thethreemonthvoyagewas___22___butshewasdeterminedtogo.Shewantedtobethefirstpersontogotoaforeigncountrytostudyandpaintinsects___23___fromnature.WhentheyarrivedinSurinam,MariaandDorothea___24___working.Dayafterday,theytooktheirpainting___25___intothehotrainforesttocollectanddrawinsectsandplants.Artistshadneverdonesuchathingbefore.Stilllifepaintersdrewfromdeadspecimens(標(biāo)本).ButMariahadalwaysbeeninterestedinpainting___26___animalsandplants.Intherainforest,she___27___ladders(梯子)tostudyandcollectinsects.Shehadtreescutdownsoshecouldseewhat___28___atthetopleveloftheforestmorethanahundredfeetoverhead.Mariabinedboth___29___andscienceinherwork.Asaskilled____30____,shekeptdetailednotes.Aftertwoyears,shehadto____31____Surinam.The____32____wasunbearableandshewasillwithmalaria.Butshehadmorethanenoughmaterialfora/an____33____.InJune1701,MariaandDorotheawentbacktoAmsterdam.Fouryearslater,in1705,Maria____34____thebookforwhichsheisbestknown,MetamorphosisoftheInsectsofSurinam.Thepaintingsofinsectsandplantsintheirnaturalhabitats____35____thescientificstudyofinsects.21.A.sailed B.flew C.drove D.walked22.A.pleasant B.dangerous C.remarkable D.short23.A.directly B.quickly C.gradually D.slightly24.A.stopped B.started C.loved D.tried25.A.prizes B.works C.materials D.paints26.A.sick B.ancient C.living D.rare27.A.invented B.extracted C.jumped D.climbed28.A.wandered B.stretched C.floated D.lived29.A.art B.music C.literature D.technology30.A.observer B.student C.novelist D.journalist31