if從句中的虛擬語氣.ppt

1、語氣是謂語動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表明說話的目的和意圖。 英語中有四種語氣： 1）陳述語氣（the indicative Mood）; China is a great country. 2) 疑問語氣（the Interrogative Mood）; Are you from the south? 3) 祈使語氣（the Imperative Mood）; Come in and take a seat. 4) 虛擬語氣（the Subjunctive Mood）,四種語氣,虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動(dòng)詞形式，一是用來表示說話人所說的話不是一個(gè)事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、猜測(cè)、懷疑等(在條件從句中或讓步狀語從句中

2、)；一是表示說話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等 (在賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句)。,If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday.,I wish I were as tall as you.,本節(jié)主要的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容： If狀語從句中的虛擬語氣 1.時(shí)態(tài)問題 2.錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間的虛擬句 3.省略 if 的條件從句 4.含蓄虛擬條件句,The Subjunctive Mood Used in If-Clause,- by Hongmei,虛擬語氣在 在條件從句中,在條件從句中 (

3、叫虛擬條件句)。表示與事實(shí)相反的條件。分三種情況(以 do 為例)：,Right .Our life wouldnt be so easy if we didnt have a computer.,People have become more informed than ever before with the development of computer science.,According to the picture , we learn that: 1.Our life wouldnt be so easy if we didnt have a computer. (The fac

4、t is :A computer makes our life easy.),People have become more informed than ever before with the development of computer science.,Right .Our life wouldnt be so easy if we didnt have a computer.,How nice it would be if we could get rid of all kinds of viruses.,According to the picture , we learn tha

5、t: 1.Our life wouldnt be so easy if we didnt have a computer. (The fact is :A computer makes our life easy.) 2.It would be much better if we could get rid of all kinds of viruses. (The fact is :We cant possibly get rid of all kinds of viruses.),Sorry , I didnt pass yesterdays test.,If you had been a

6、 bit more careful , you would have done much better,If the boy had been a bit more careful in yesterdays test, he would have done much better. (The fact is : The boy was not so careful in yesterdays test, and he didnt do well.),1.If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick. 2.If I were you,

7、 I would give AIDS patient a hug. 3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake. 4. If he had been there, it wouldnt have happened.,（與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反）,（與過去事實(shí)相反）,5.If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing. 6.I think we could do it, if we planned it properly and could borrow the

8、 tools. 7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.,(與將來事實(shí)相反),區(qū)別:,If it rains tomorrow, the crops will be saved. I must leave if that is the case. You will forgive me if I have given you pain.,If it rained tomorrow, the crops would be saved. If you didnt stay up so late

9、every evening, you feel so sleepy in the morning.,陳述語氣,虛擬語氣,c. If the policeman _ (be not) in that room now, it _ (be) very dangerous. d. If I _ (be) in your position at this time, I _ (ask) for teachers help .,a. If they _ (be)here,they _ (take) your advice. b. If the world-war _ (burst) out again,

10、 what _ (happen) to our people on earth?,were,would take,burst,would happen,were not,could be,were,would ask,PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks,e. If Tom _ (be) more careful in the exam, he _ (pass) it already. f. If you _ (get) up earlier, you _ (catch) the first train.,had been,would have passed,had g

11、ot,would have caught,錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間的虛擬句,通常情況下,在非真實(shí)條件句中主句和從句的謂語動(dòng)詞所指時(shí)間是一致的, 但有時(shí)也可能指不同的時(shí)間,這時(shí)要根據(jù)上下文的意思采用不同的謂語動(dòng)詞形式，又稱為混合條件句。,If I (take) my raincoat with me this morning, I (not be) wet now.,had taken,would not be,1. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (從句指現(xiàn)在, 主句指過去)。 2. If we hadnt been working hard in

12、the past few years, things wouldnt be going so smoothly. （從句指過去，主句指現(xiàn)在）。 3.If it hadnt been for her care, I should not be speaking to you now. （從句指過去，主句指現(xiàn)在）。 4. If we had not got everything ready by now, we should be having a more terrible time tomorrow. （從句指現(xiàn)在，主句指將來）,1. 如果過去天氣好的話，現(xiàn)在莊稼長(zhǎng)得更好了 If the we

13、ather _(be) finer, the crops _(grow) still better. 2.如果你聽了老師的建議的話，你現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)在醫(yī)院里了 If you _(follow) the teachers advice, you _(be) in the hospital. 3. 如果你身體狀況好一些的話，我們本可能會(huì)讓你去幫助他們工作的 If you (be)in better health , we _ (allow)you to go there to help their work.,had been,would be growing,had followed,wouldnt

14、 be,were,could have allowed,PRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks,省略 if 的條件從句,當(dāng)從句中有 were, had 或 should 時(shí)，可省略if ，而把它們放在句首。,If I were to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about it. Were I to meet him tomorrow, If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. Should he fail in the experime

15、nt If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. Had you come a few.,含蓄虛擬條件句,But for his pension, he would starve. 有時(shí)假設(shè)的情況并不以條件從句表示出來,二是暗含在上下文中,比如通過介詞短語來表示。這些介詞常是：but for, without, otherwise,or等。,1.如果不是聽了你的建議，我就不會(huì)做的如此成功。 But for your advice, I could not have done it so successfully.

16、 Without your advice, Thanks for your advice, or I If it had not been for your advice, 2.沒有開放的政策，就不會(huì)有如此大的變化 The change could not have taken place without the open-door policy. If it had not been for the open-door policy, 3.我當(dāng)時(shí)很忙，否則，我就會(huì)把答案告訴他的。 I was so busy then, Otherwise, I would have told him the

17、 answer. If I had not been so busy then,4.What would I have done without you? (條件暗含在分詞短語without you中) 5.It would be easier to do it this way. (條件暗含在不定式短語to do it this way中) 6.We would have succeeded. (暗含if we had kept trying) 7.This same thing, happening in wartime, would lead to a disaster. (條件暗含在分

18、詞短語happening in wartime中) 8.Alone, he would have been terrified. (暗含條件是alone) 9.I would have written long before, but I have been ill. (條件暗含在but的并列句中),Conclusion,PRACTICE 3:,1.It was the drug，not the disease，that killed the boy. He would be still alive today if he _ that drug. A. not take B. hadnt t

19、aken C. didnt takeD. shouldnt have taken 2. If the United States had built more homes for poor people in1955, the housing problems now in some parts of this country_ so serious. A. wouldnt be B. will not have been C. wouldnt have been D. would have not been 3_, man could not live at all . A were it

20、not for the sun . B if it was for the sun . C had it not been for the sun. D if it shouldnt be for the sun,. 6.I lost your address, otherwise Iyou long before. A. had visited B. have visited C. would have visited D. should visit 7. I _ you some money, but I hadnt got any then. A. would lend B. would

21、 have lent C. could lend D. may have lent 8. If it were not for the fact that she _ sing, I would invite her to the party. (2006 福建) A. couldnt B. could C. cant D. might not 9. _ fired, your health care and other benefits would be immediately cut off.(2006 湖北) A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Cou

22、ld you be D. Might you be 10. If I _ plan to do anything I wanted to, Id like to go to Tibet and travel as much of it as possible. (2005 湖北) A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to,11.It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my home