中南大學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)英語CHAPTER--5-Results-turning-data-into-knowledge.ppt

1、CHAPTER 5 Results: turning data into knowledge,School of Information Science and Engineering,1,2,3,4,Figure, table, or text?,Designing figures,Designing tables,Figure legends and table titles,Outline,The purpose of this chapter To optimize the presentation of your data The data presentation purpose

2、to illustrate .,present.,and record. guideline stand alone reference the Instructions to Contributors articles in recent issues of the journal,1、Figure, table, or text?,depending on the point or meaning you want the reader to receive from those data.,2、Designing figures,Purpose,Designing each figure

3、 around the point you want to get across most strongly.,2、Designing figures,Consideration, highlighting variables; emphasizing differences or similarities; considering scale, scale intervals, maximum and minimum values, and statistical representations;,2、Designing figures,Consideration, being consis

4、tent with styles of figures; shrinking your figures to the standard size.,2、Designing figures,Kinds and characteristics, Pie charts,2、Designing figures,Kinds and characteristics, Column and bar charts,2、Designing figures,Kinds and characteristics, Line charts,2、Designing figures,Kinds and characteri

5、stics, Radar charts,2、Designing figures,Attract attention,Figures are most appealing to the eye when they have 3:2 proportions; are boxed when there is relatively little ink in the figure; are unboxed if there are numerous lines, bars or columns.,2、Designing figures,Weaknesses, The wrong figure type

6、 has been chosen/ Relationships between elements are not obvious; Weak descriptive titles are used; Data are repeated in the figure;,2、Designing figures,Weaknesses, The main results dont be emphasized; The figure is unnecessarily cluttered with lines.; Axes are not labelled descriptively or are labe

7、lled with the jargon;,2、Designing figures,Weaknesses, Unnecessary numbers are included ; Data categories are not sorted or the design of related figures is not consistent.,2、Designing figures,Rules, highlight the most important information ; be essential to telling and supporting the story with evid

8、ence; be clear and consistent in style and do not duplicate data already presented.,2、Designing figures,Examining,obviousness,prominence? comparisons? the necessary details of datasets ? the weaknesses above?,2、Designing figures,3、Designing tables,Purpose,Tables are often used to record data and met

9、a-data of a study and may contain a number of rows or columns which require careful reading by the user before the meaning can be appreciated.,3、Designing tables,Weaknesses, weak descriptive titles; inclusion of unnecessary or redundant data; inclusion of non-significant or over-precise numbers;,3、D

10、esigning tables,Weaknesses, omission of necessary data ; table not arranged to highlight the most significant results; data not sorted to show important relationships between elements.,3、Designing tables,Evaluating,necessary , prominent? descriptive , story-telling? significant , round? the weakness

11、es above?,4、Figure legends and table titles,Purpose,Figure legends and table titles should explain what the data being presented are and highlight the key points of the part of the results story presented there.,4、Figure legends and table titles,Parts, A title; Details of results or models; Additional explanation of the components or essential details ;,4、Figure legends an