電機(jī)使用說明書

1、電機(jī)使用說明書 Operating Manual概述 本說明書適用于我公司生產(chǎn)的YX3、YET、Y2、YVP、YD系列低壓三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)及其派生系列產(chǎn)品OverviewThe manual serves YX3、YET、Y2、YVP、YD Series low voltage asynchronous motors and its derivative products as well.開始使用Putting into use (starting)收貨檢查Reception check收到電機(jī)后立即檢查是否有損壞，如發(fā)現(xiàn)請(qǐng)立即撥打電話：0086-21-6463-1777，或發(fā)傳真至0086-2

2、1-6463-7180，檢查銘牌數(shù)據(jù)特別是額定電壓、接線方式（星形或三角形）是否與合同訂貨要求相符，用手轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)電機(jī)軸檢查軸轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)是否靈活。Immediately check the motor for external damage upon receipt and if found, please inform us by telephone or fax without delay (Tel:0086-21-6463-1777, Fax:0086-21-6463-7180). Check all rating plate data, especially voltage and winding

3、 connection (star or delta). Turn shaft by hand to check for free rotation.絕緣電阻檢查Insulation resistance check在電機(jī)調(diào)試前或懷疑線圈受潮時(shí)要測(cè)量電機(jī)的絕緣電阻，在25時(shí)的絕緣電阻值應(yīng)超過以下表達(dá)式的值，表達(dá)式中：Measure the motors insulation resistance before commissioning or when winding dampness is suspected. insulation Resistance, measured at 25C,

4、shall exceed the following reference value, i.e. where：100P1000+R=UR：?jiǎn)挝徽讱W（用500V絕緣電阻表測(cè)量）U表示電壓，單位VP表示功率，單位kWR: M( measured with 500 V dc Megger )U = voltage, Volts; P = output power, kW.警告：測(cè)量完絕緣電阻后應(yīng)立即將測(cè)量線從電機(jī)上斷開，以免線圈再次受到高電壓沖擊。環(huán)境溫度每升高20，絕緣電阻將降低一半，如果絕緣電阻值達(dá)不到計(jì)算值，表明線圈已經(jīng)受潮需進(jìn)行烘干處理。先在90溫度下烘12-16小時(shí)再在105下烘6-8小時(shí)

5、。WARNINGWindings should be discharged immediately after measurement to avoid risk for electric shock. Insulation resistance reference value is halved for each 20C rise in ambient temperature. If the reference resistance value is not attained, the winding is too damp and must be oven dried. Oven temp

6、erature should be 90C for 12-16 hours followed by 105C for 6-8 hours.電機(jī)啟動(dòng)Motor starting 單速電機(jī)啟動(dòng)（直接或Y/啟動(dòng)）標(biāo)準(zhǔn)單速三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)的出線盒內(nèi)有6個(gè)接線頭和至少1個(gè)接地接頭，接地須根據(jù)操作規(guī)程在電機(jī)接上電源前進(jìn)行，接線方式和電壓應(yīng)根據(jù)接線指示牌及銘牌指示。Start of single speed motor (Direct-on-line or star/delta starting)The terminal box on standard single speed motors normally

7、 contains 6 winding terminals and at least one earth terminal. Earthing shall be carried out according to local regulations before the machine is connected to the power supply . The voltage and connection are stamped on the nameplate.出線與旋轉(zhuǎn)方向電機(jī)的旋轉(zhuǎn)方向：當(dāng)相序?yàn)長(zhǎng)1、L2、L3時(shí)，在電機(jī)拖動(dòng)端面對(duì)軸伸視為順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)。如要改變轉(zhuǎn)向，只需改變?nèi)我鈨筛娫措娎|

8、的相序，如果單向旋轉(zhuǎn)的電機(jī)，需檢查電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)向是否與指示牌上的方向一致。（接線應(yīng)嚴(yán)格按照接線盒中示意圖）Terminals and direction of rotationDirection of rotation is clockwise when viewing the shaft face at the motor drive end, when the line phase sequence L1, L2, L3 is connected to the terminals as shown in the figure. To alter the direction of rotation

9、, interchange the connection of any two-line cables. For the unidirectional motor, checkthat the direction of rotation is according to the arrow marked on the direction board.（The terminals shall be connected in strict accordance with the terminal box drawing.）多速電機(jī)啟動(dòng)多速電機(jī)一般應(yīng)低速檔啟動(dòng)后切換到高速，對(duì)多套繞組的變速電機(jī)在不同轉(zhuǎn)

10、速檔切換時(shí)，應(yīng)在一繞組斷電后才能向另一繞組送電。Start-up of multi-speed motorThe multispeed motor should start at low-speed then shifted to high-speed. For multispeed motors that with many separate windings the speed shift shall be fulfilled when one winding has to be lost power. 示意圖1:定速電機(jī)（/Y）Fig 1: Fixed motor （/Y） 應(yīng)為U1 V

11、1 W1 U2 V2 W2示意圖2：?jiǎn)卫@組雙速（/YY）Fig 2: Single-winding double speed示意圖3:單繞組雙速（Y/YY）Fig 3: Single-winding double speed示意圖4：雙繞組雙速（Y/Y）Fig4: Double-winding double speed變頻電機(jī)啟動(dòng)變頻電機(jī)啟動(dòng)時(shí)，電機(jī)冷卻風(fēng)機(jī)也必須同時(shí)啟動(dòng)。冷卻風(fēng)機(jī)應(yīng)接工頻電源，其轉(zhuǎn)向必須與風(fēng)機(jī)外殼上的指示矢方向一致.VVVF變頻器可以轉(zhuǎn)矩提升以提高啟動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩，提升電壓的幅度應(yīng)不大于10%，且起動(dòng)電流不大于額定電流的1.5倍。變頻器的開關(guān)頻率設(shè)置應(yīng)不小于1.5kHz。Start-

12、up of variable frequency motorWhen the variable frequency motor starts, the cooling blower shall starts simultaneously. The cooling blower must be connected to the power frequency supply, and the rotating direction shall be as specified in the nameplate of blower. Adjust the value of v/f, the motor

13、can obtain different start performance, but if over compensate of voltage will cause overload.使用運(yùn)行條件電機(jī)是用來驅(qū)動(dòng)其他機(jī)械，通常環(huán)境溫度為-25C 到 +40C，海拔高度為1000米以下。（當(dāng)環(huán)境溫度與海拔高度不符合上述規(guī)定時(shí)，銘牌上會(huì)注明）UseOperating conditionsThe motors are intended for use in industrial drive applications. Normal ambient temperature limits -25C t

14、o +40C. Maximum altitude 1000 m above sea level. When ambient temperature and altitude are not same asthe requirement said above, the special note will be showed on the nameplate.處理儲(chǔ)存所有電機(jī)應(yīng)儲(chǔ)存于干燥,通風(fēng)以及干凈的室內(nèi)，裸露的表面如軸伸和法蘭面應(yīng)涂以防銹脂。建議定期用手轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)電機(jī)軸，以免潤(rùn)滑脂流掉，帶有加熱器的應(yīng)接通加熱器。HandlingStorageAll motors should be stored i

15、ndoors, in dry, well ventilation and dust free conditions. Unprotected machined surfaces (shaft-ends and flanges) should be given anti-corrosion coatings. It is recommended that shafts be rotated periodically by hand to prevent grease migration. Anti condensation heaters, if fitted, should preferabl

16、y be energized. 3.4 儲(chǔ)存超過一年的，須檢查潤(rùn)滑脂，如潤(rùn)滑脂已變質(zhì)干涸或弄臟，應(yīng)先用煤油清洗，然后用汽油清洗軸承后再加入新的潤(rùn)滑脂。每個(gè)軸承應(yīng)加新脂的重量W可參考如下公式：W=DB/K（g） 式中：D為軸承外徑（mm），B為軸承寬度（mm）系數(shù)K=100200按工作狀況選取。（工作狀況惡劣應(yīng)取較大值）。一般情況，2極電機(jī)加潤(rùn)滑脂量為軸承室空腔容積的1/2，4極以上為軸承室的2/3。3.4 Storage over one year: The check should be made for grease, if it is driedor dirty, it should b

17、e washed by kerosene first, then gasoline, thenput new grease on bearings. The weight of the grease added can be set bythe following formula: W=DB/K（g） D: OD of the bearing（mm）, B: Width of the bearing （mm） K: 100-200 based on work conditions.In general, the grease should be filled into 1/2 of beari

18、ng room for 2 polesmotor, and 2/3 for 4 poles and above.安裝基礎(chǔ)買方要準(zhǔn)備好電機(jī)的基礎(chǔ)，金屬結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)應(yīng)涂以防銹漆防止被腐蝕。電機(jī)基礎(chǔ)應(yīng)平整，并有足夠的剛度承受突然短路產(chǎn)生的應(yīng)力，要計(jì)算其尺寸以避免因共振引起基礎(chǔ)振動(dòng)。InstallationFoundationThe purchaser bears full responsibility for preparation of the foundation. Metal foundations should be painted to avoid corrosion. Foundation

19、s shall be even, and sufficiently rigid to withstand possible short circuit forces. They shall be dimensioned as to avoid the occurrence of vibration due to resonance.聯(lián)接電動(dòng)機(jī)可以用聯(lián)軸器、正齒輪及皮帶輪傳動(dòng)，對(duì)于功率大轉(zhuǎn)速較高的電動(dòng)機(jī)應(yīng)盡量避免采用皮帶傳動(dòng)方式，如必須采用皮帶傳動(dòng)方式的應(yīng)在訂貨時(shí)注明，皮帶傳動(dòng)時(shí)應(yīng)防止預(yù)拉力過大發(fā)生斷軸。聯(lián)軸器、正齒輪及皮帶輪安裝時(shí)應(yīng)采用熱套方法，嚴(yán)禁重力敲擊方法冷裝傳動(dòng)件。校正中心校正電機(jī)安裝

20、中心有利于避免軸承發(fā)生故障、振動(dòng)和可能發(fā)生的軸伸斷裂事故。采用聯(lián)軸器傳動(dòng)時(shí)，通常兩聯(lián)軸器的水平偏差不大于0.050.1mm，軸向偏差不大于0.1mm。采用皮帶傳動(dòng)時(shí)，要求皮帶輪軸向中心與電機(jī)軸伸的軸向中心重合，且皮帶中心線與軸中心線垂直。AlignmentCorrect alignment is essential to avoid bearing failures, vibrations and possible fractured shaft extensions.接線通常出線盒在電機(jī)的頂部，還有其他位置可供樣本選擇（在電機(jī)拖動(dòng)端面對(duì)軸伸視）。除了繞組和接地，出線盒還可以接停機(jī)加熱器、雙金

21、屬溫度開關(guān)或PT100測(cè)溫元件等。ConnectionThe normal motor design is with terminal box on the top, when viewing the shaft at the motor drive end. Availability of these solutions is described in the product catalogues. Besides the main winding and earthing terminals， the terminal box can also contain connections fo

22、r standstill heating elements, bimetallic switches, or PT 100 resistance elements. 裝配與拆卸概述裝配與拆卸工作必須有資格的專業(yè)人員使用專用工具和合適的工作方法來進(jìn)行。并參考電機(jī)總裝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)圖。Assembly and dismantlingGeneralDismantling and assembly of motors must be carried out by qualified personnel using only suitable tools and working methods and refer

23、 to the motor assembly standard drawings. 軸承拆卸軸承時(shí)必須特別注意，應(yīng)該使用軸承拉腳并加熱或使用專用工具。BearingsSpecial care shall be taken with the bearings. Bearings shall be removed using pullers and fitted by heating or the use of specialized tools for the purpose. 平衡電機(jī)出廠前已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)子動(dòng)平衡BalancingThe rotor of the motor is dynamic

24、ally balanced. 維護(hù)與更換潤(rùn)滑油一般檢查- 在計(jì)劃停機(jī)時(shí)檢查- 保持電機(jī)清潔，確保良好通風(fēng)- 檢查軸承密封狀態(tài)，如有必要即進(jìn)行更換。- 檢查各連接、地腳及裝配螺栓。- 通過聽聲音、測(cè)量振動(dòng)、軸承溫度以及檢查潤(rùn)滑油是否過期來檢測(cè)軸承的狀態(tài)。Maintenance and lubricationGeneral inspection- Inspect the machine at regular intervals.- Keep the machine clean and ensure free ventilation air-flow.- Check the condition of

25、 shaft seals and replace if necessary.- Check the condition of connections and mounting and assembly bolts.- Check the bearing condition by listening for unusual noise, vibration measurement, bearing temperature, inspection of spent grease.更換潤(rùn)滑油裝有密封軸承的電機(jī)中心高在160mm以下的電機(jī)裝有密封軸承，裝有密封軸承的電機(jī)在運(yùn)行期間不必加油。Lubric

26、ationMotors with sealed bearingsMotors which the center height is less than 160 mm are normally fitted with sealed bearings. It doesnt need regreased during operation帶加油口的電機(jī)中心高180355的電機(jī)軸承通常配有加油口，可以在電機(jī)運(yùn)行時(shí)加潤(rùn)滑脂。一般勤加脂，每次加少量。Motors fitted with grease nipplesMotors with center height from 180 to 355 mm is

27、 normally fitted with grease nipples. Lubricate it by grease frequently while running, but once a little. 更換潤(rùn)滑脂時(shí)間間隔如下：Guidelines for re-greasing intervals are as below:電機(jī)中心高mm補(bǔ)充潤(rùn)滑脂量（克g）電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速r/min300015001000500-900軸承補(bǔ)充潤(rùn)滑脂時(shí)間間隔180203500550065008500200,225253100500060007000250,28035200050006000700031550

28、2000300035004500355601000200030004000CenterlineHeightmmAmount of grease (g)Speed r/min300015001000500-900Bearings Lubrication intervals in duty hours180203500550065008500200,225253100500060007000250,280352000500060007000315502000300035004500355601000200030004000表格中的數(shù)據(jù)適合于臥式安裝的電機(jī)，對(duì)于立式安裝的電機(jī)，其時(shí)間間隔為相應(yīng)表格中

29、的一半，如果按照上述時(shí)間間隔加油，加油量可以參照表格內(nèi)的數(shù)據(jù)。如果電機(jī)裝有放油孔，更換潤(rùn)滑油時(shí)要等到原來的油全部被擠出后才算完成。對(duì)于使用于較高環(huán)境溫度及軸承溫度達(dá)80以上，則應(yīng)相應(yīng)縮短加油時(shí)間。The table is prepared for horizontally mounted motors. Lubrication intervals for vertical motors are half of the above values. The grease amount in the table is used if according to the regular interval

30、s as above. As an alternative, when the machine is fitted with grease escape valves, fresh grease may be pressed into the bearings until the old grease is totally replaced. The motor, which is running under high ambient temperature or the bearing temperature is more than 80C, should shorten the re-g

31、reasing intervals correspondingly. 故障分析及處理 Trouble shooting 電氣故障見表1。Normal electrical failure, see table 1.表1 Table 1A Can not be startedB Hard to accelerateC Abnormal noise (buzz) when startingD Abnormal noise (buzz) when runningE Double frequency slip buzz noiseF Over heat without loadingG Over he

32、at with loadingH Over heat for individual windingA電機(jī)起動(dòng)失靈B電機(jī)加速困難C起動(dòng)時(shí)發(fā)嗡嗡聲D運(yùn)行中發(fā)嗡嗡聲E雙倍頻轉(zhuǎn)差嗡嗡聲F無載運(yùn)行時(shí)溫度過高G有載繞組運(yùn)行時(shí)溫度過高H個(gè)別繞組截面過熱可能出現(xiàn)的原因Possible cause處理方法Treatment過載 Overload降低負(fù)載 Reduce load一相電源斷路Open circuit of one phase檢查配電設(shè)備和饋電電路Check power supply circuit and controller switching equipment.接通后一相電源開路Open ci

33、rcuit of one phase after power on改善供電系統(tǒng)條件Correct the power supply system (單元格問題)電源網(wǎng)電壓低，或頻率高Network voltage too low, or frequency too high電源網(wǎng)電壓高，或頻率低Network voltage too high, or frequency too low定子繞組聯(lián)接錯(cuò)誤Stator winding wrongconnection改正繞組的聯(lián)接 Correct the connection of winding定子繞組匝間或相間短路Stator winding i

34、nterturn or phase short circuit檢查繞組的絕緣電阻，詢問制造公司后修理Check windings insulation resistance and repair after inquiring about the manufacturer鼠籠導(dǎo)條細(xì)條、斷條Thin cage conducting bar broken詢問制造公司后修理Repair after inquiring about the manufacturer變頻電源諧波所致Caused by harmonic of inverter power supply 詢問變頻器廠商Inquiring t

35、he inverter manufacturer機(jī)械故障見表2。Normal mechanical troubles, see table 2.表2 Table 2A Frictional noiseB OverheatC Over runout in radiusD Over runout in axis機(jī)械故障Mechanical failure故障產(chǎn)生的原因Possible cause處理的方法TreatmentA摩擦噪聲B溫度過高C徑向跳動(dòng)D軸向跳動(dòng)風(fēng)路受阻，旋轉(zhuǎn)方向不對(duì)Poor ventilation, or wrongrotation檢查風(fēng)道，調(diào)換轉(zhuǎn)向 Check ventilat

36、ion duct and Correct it轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)零件受到磨擦Moving parts worn out查明原因，重新找正 Check and correct it轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡Rotor imbalance卸下轉(zhuǎn)子，重新找正 Disassembly the rotor and correct it耦合機(jī)械不平衡Coupler imbalance重新平衡耦合機(jī)械 Correct it轉(zhuǎn)子部分不正，軸彎曲Rotor problem, or bending和制造廠研究決定 Call factory裝配和調(diào)整不當(dāng)Incorrect assembly and adjustment查明原因，重新校正電機(jī)，檢

37、查耦合件 Check and recalibrate motor ,and check coupler傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的干擾Interference of drive mechanism檢查傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)Check and correct it地基振動(dòng)Foundation vibration加固基礎(chǔ) Reinforce foundation.地基變形Foundation distortion查清原因，重新調(diào)整電機(jī) Find out the reason and readjust motor來自耦合機(jī)械的沖擊Impact from coupled mechanical檢查耦合機(jī)械 Check coupled mechanical過載 Overload減低負(fù)載 Reduce load軸承故障見表3 Normal be