中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)專題五 形容詞練習(xí)

形容詞1、概念用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞等表示人和事物的性質(zhì)、特征的詞叫形容詞。例如：She is（be 動(dòng)詞） a （冠詞）beautiful(形容詞) girl（名詞）.否定句：She isnt a beautiful girl.疑問句：Is she a beautiful girl?肯否回答：Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.漢意：她是一個(gè)漂亮的女孩Is （be 動(dòng)詞）there anything（不定代詞） wrong（形容詞）?肯定句：There is anything wrong.漢意：有什么問題嗎？小貼士：形容詞 wrong 修飾不定代詞 anything 時(shí)，要放在不定代詞的后面。2、形容詞的分類、1.性質(zhì)形容詞這一類形容詞能夠直接表示事物的性征或特征，有級(jí)的變化，并且可以使用程度副詞加以修飾。例如：cut 可愛的， small 小， tall 高， wonderful 奇妙的2.敘述形容詞這一類形容詞又叫表語(yǔ)形容詞，沒有級(jí)的變化，多數(shù)以 a 開頭。由此，我們得出一個(gè)等式：敘述形容詞 = 表語(yǔ)形容詞例如：以 a 開頭的敘述形容詞：alone 孤單的，afraid 害怕的，alive 活著的，awake 醒著的不是以 a 開頭的單詞：worth 有.價(jià)值的3.其他形容詞這類形容詞只用來(lái)說明事物間的關(guān)系或事物的用途、時(shí)間、方位。這類形容詞沒有級(jí)的變化，也不能用程度副詞修飾。例如（單詞）：Chinese 中國(guó)的，eastern 東方的，different 不同的句子:I have been here for a long time.我在這兒好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。4.名詞作形容詞使用一些表示物質(zhì)和用途的名詞可以用于修飾另一個(gè)名詞而起到形容詞的作用。例如：This is a stone table.復(fù)數(shù)句：These are some stone tables.漢意：這是一張石頭桌子。We will have a class meeting at four oclock.漢意：我們四點(diǎn)將要召開一次班會(huì)。I go to school by school bus.漢意：我乘校車去上學(xué)。3、形容詞的排列順序有時(shí)名詞前面的修飾語(yǔ)不止一個(gè)，它們往往有固定的排列順序：數(shù)詞+ 描繪詞（大小、長(zhǎng)短、形狀、新舊、顏色）+ 出處+材料性質(zhì)、類別+ 名詞。例如：A small round table .一張小圓桌A tall gray building .一棟灰色高樓A dirty old brown shirt.一件又臟又舊的棕色襯衫A famous German medical school 一所著名德國(guó)醫(yī)療學(xué)校An expensive Japanese sports car.一輛昂貴的日本運(yùn)動(dòng)型汽車為什么要用 an 而不用 a 或 the？因?yàn)樵凇癮/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞”的用法中，判斷用 a 還是用 an 是看緊跟在后面的形容詞首字母的發(fā)音，a 用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前面，an 用在以元音音素開頭的單詞前面。例如：An eelephant 一頭大象A sstrong elephant 一頭強(qiáng)壯的大象四 形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形容詞等級(jí)的構(gòu)成形式（）規(guī)則變化 單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞，加詞尾-er, -est 來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。構(gòu)成法 原級(jí) 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí)一般單音節(jié)詞末尾加-er,-esttall(高的 )great(巨大的)tallergreatertallest greatest以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾的單并且時(shí)節(jié)和少數(shù)以le結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞只加-r,-st.nice(好的 )large(大的)able(有能力的)nicerlargerablernicest largestablest以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾閉音節(jié)詞，雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音字母，再加-er, -estbig(容易的)hot（熱的）biggerhotterbiggest hottest“輔音字母y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，改 y 為 i，再加-er, -esteasy(容易的)busy 忙的 easierbusiereasiestbusiest少數(shù)以-er, -ow 結(jié)尾的雙 clever(聰明的)narrow（窄的） cleverer cleverest音節(jié)末尾加-er, -est narrower narrowest其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，在前面加 more, most 來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。原級(jí) 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí)important(重要的) more important most importantbeautiful(漂亮的 ) more beautiful most beautiful（）不規(guī)則變化原級(jí) 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí)good(好的 )well(健康的)better bestbad(壞的)ill(有病的)worse worstold（老的） olderelderoldesteldestmany much（多的）more mostlittle(少的) less leastfar(遠(yuǎn)的) fartherfurtherfarthestfurthest2.形容詞比較級(jí)的用法（）形容詞的比較級(jí)是用來(lái)把彼此獨(dú)立的事和人進(jìn)行比較，表示“比。 。 。更。一些”的意思，通常用一個(gè)由從屬連詞 than 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表示和什么相比，為了避免重復(fù)，從句中有些成分可以省略。Tom is taller than I. 湯姆個(gè)子比我高。Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.上海比中國(guó)其他任何城市都大。Xiao Hu is more outgoing than her sister.小胡比她的姐姐的更開朗。注意：有時(shí)狀語(yǔ)從句可以省略。If the hurricane had happened during the day-time, there would have been more deaths.如果颶風(fēng)發(fā)生在白天，死亡人數(shù)會(huì)更多。（）有時(shí)比較級(jí)前可以用 many, much, far, even, a little, still, yet ,a bit ,a lot ,completely 等表示程度的狀語(yǔ)。An even bigger earthquake will hit the area around San Francisco.舊金山周圍地區(qū)還會(huì)發(fā)生更大的地震It is a far ,far better thing that I do, than I have ever done; It is a far ,far better rest that I go to than I have ever know.我所做的，是我做過的最好、最最好的事情；我所得到的，是我所知道的最安詳、最最安詳?shù)男菹?。If the peasants could farm the land themselves, food production would be much higher.如果農(nóng)民能為自己種地，糧食產(chǎn)量就會(huì)高得多。It is much cheaper to post or email a long report than to fax it.通過郵寄或電子函件的方式 發(fā)一個(gè)長(zhǎng)篇的報(bào)告比用傳真便宜得多.注:many more 與 much moremany more 只能修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式 ,如 many more workers 還有很多工人 1much more 既可修飾不可數(shù)名詞 ,也可構(gòu)成比較級(jí).如:much more money 還有很 2多,much more important 更重要(3)如果我們要說兩個(gè)東西在某一方面是一樣的,我們就可以用”as+形容詞+as”結(jié)構(gòu),形容詞不用比較級(jí)而用原級(jí).This lamp made the room as light as day.這盞燈使這間房間明亮如白晝.Jimmy is a as tall as his father吉米跟他爸爸一樣高.(4)在作否定的比較時(shí),可以用 not as.as.也可用 no soas等,在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中,兩者都可使用.She is not as/so nice as her sister.她不如她姐姐好.My handwriting is not as / so good as his.我的書法不如他好.在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,有時(shí)也可以用 just , almost ,nearly, half 等表示程序的狀語(yǔ).The room is twice as large as that one.這個(gè)房間是那個(gè)房間的兩倍大.Our classroom is three times larger than yours.我們的教室比你們的教室大 3 倍.注:”asas” 結(jié)構(gòu)和”the sameas”結(jié)構(gòu)一樣.In area Australia is about the same size as the3 USA(without Alaska),which has more than thirteen times as many people.從面積上講,澳大利亞大體上相當(dāng)于美國(guó)(阿拉斯加除外),而美國(guó)的人口卻是澳大利亞的 13 倍還多。（5）形容詞比較級(jí)的特殊情況“too+原級(jí) ”和“原級(jí) +for 短語(yǔ)”也可以表示比較級(jí)。 1The coat is a bit too small for me.這件上衣太小了，我穿不合適。He is brave for his age.就他那樣的年齡來(lái)說，他是勇敢的。用 superior, inferior, senior, junior, prior, major, minor 等表示比較級(jí)。 2He is three years senior to me.他比我大三歲。This computer is superior in many respects to that 。這臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)在很多方面比那臺(tái)要好。英語(yǔ)里的比較級(jí)有時(shí)并無(wú)具體的比較含義，這種比較級(jí)叫絕對(duì)比較級(jí)，例如： 3younger generation 年輕一代higher education 高等教育senior citizens 老年人superior quality 優(yōu)質(zhì)形容詞（或副詞）比較級(jí)的其他固定用法： 4a.表示“兩者人 /物之間，比較。 。 。的” ，用“the+比較級(jí)，the+ 比較級(jí)+n.+of+the+名詞或代詞 ”結(jié)構(gòu)。Bob is the taller boy of the two boys.鮑勃是兩個(gè)男孩中較高的一個(gè)。She is the older of the two girls.她是這兩個(gè)女孩中年齡較大的一個(gè)。b.不與其他事物相比，表示本身程序的改變，用“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)，譯為“越來(lái)越.”The weather is getting warmer and warmer.天氣越來(lái)越暖和。Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我國(guó)變得越來(lái)越美麗。c.表示一方隨另一方程度變化時(shí)，用“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)The more you eat , the fatter you will be.胸越吃就會(huì)越胖。The more you study, the more you know.你學(xué)得越多，懂得越多。3。形容詞最高級(jí)的用法（1）形容詞最高級(jí)的前面通常要加定冠詞 the,后面跟一個(gè)短語(yǔ)或從句來(lái)表示比較的范圍，但在一定的上下文中，表示“比較范圍”的短語(yǔ)或從句可以省略。The best job is one which uses your skill in doing something together with your interest in the subject.最好的工作是這樣的，它既運(yùn)用你的做某事的技能，又是你興趣之所在。（2）有時(shí)形容詞最高級(jí)前可以有序數(shù)詞心臟 much ,by far, nearly, by no means, almost 等。Canada is the second largest country in the world.加拿大是世界上第二個(gè)最大的國(guó)家。This is about the earliest computer ever manufactured in China.這大概是中國(guó)制造的是早的計(jì)算機(jī)了。Shanghai is by far the largest industrial city in China.上海是中國(guó)最大的工業(yè)城市。（3）在做表語(yǔ)的形容詞最高級(jí)前，如果不是和別的人（物、事）相比較，可以不加定冠詞。Fruits are best when they are fresh.水果新鮮的時(shí)候最好。The air pollution was most serious in this area.這個(gè)地區(qū)的空氣污染最嚴(yán)重。（4）有時(shí)最高級(jí)形式后面可以不跟名詞。Today, Abraham Lincoln is considered as one of the greatest of all American presidents.今天，亞伯拉罕。林肯仍然被認(rèn)為是美國(guó)歷屆總統(tǒng)中最偉大的總統(tǒng)之實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練1. This box is_ that one. A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D.as heavy as 2. When we speak to people, we should be .A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly 3. This book is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive 4. I think the story is not so _ as that one.A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting 5. I think science is _ than Japanese. A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important6. This pencil is_ than that one. A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long 7. My mother is no _ young. A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few 8. These children are _ this year than they were last year.A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller9. Mrs Black has got_ instead of getting any better.A、more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse10. When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with_ students.A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite 11. The house is small for a family of six.A. much too B. too much C. very much D.so 12. Through the window we can see nothing but _ buildings.A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall 13. -Whats your brother like? -He is_.A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school 14. The jacket was so_ that he decided to buy it. A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheapl 15. Our classroom is_ larger than theirs.A. more B. quite C. very D. much16. The earth is about_ as the moon.A.as fifty time big B.fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big17. Your room is mine.A.twice as large than B. twice the size of C.bigger twice than D.as twice large as18. Your room is _ than mine.A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times19. His father is_than his mother. ;A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years20. Maths is more popular than_.A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject21. China is larger than _ in Africa.A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country D. any country22. Tom is stronger than _ in his class.A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy23. When spring comes, it gets_.A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter24. By and by, _ students in our class came to like English. A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least25. At last he began to cry _.A. hard and hard B. more hard and more hard C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder26. When spring comes the days get _ and nights _.A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer27. _ I look at the picture, _ I like it.A. The best; the more B. The more; the less C. The more; less D. More; the more 28. _ he read the book, _ he got in it. A. The more; the more interesting B. The less; the more interesting C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested 29. _ you come back, _ it will be.A.The quicker; the best B. The sooner; the betterC. Faster; the better D. The sooner; better30 . I like_ one of the two books.A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older31. Which is