環(huán)境科學(xué)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)1.ppt

Unit One,Environment,2010-09-06,New Words & Phrases,Artifact: An object produced or shaped by human craft, especially a tool, a weapon, or an ornament of archaeological or historical interest.,人工制品：人工生產(chǎn)或仿制的物品，尤指工具，武器，或帶有考古或歷史趣味的裝飾品.,Virus: Any of various simple submicroscopic parasites of plants, animals, and bacteria that often cause disease and that consist essentially of a core of RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein coat. Unable to replicate without a host cell, viruses are typically not considered living organisms.,病毒：各種動(dòng)物、植物和細(xì)菌的簡(jiǎn)單亞微觀寄生蟲(chóng)之一，常引起疾病，主要由核糖核酸或脫氧核糖酸的一個(gè)核組成，周圍有蛋白質(zhì)包圍。離開(kāi)寄主細(xì)胞不能復(fù)制本身，病毒通常不被認(rèn)作為是生物體。,Fungi: fungus的復(fù)數(shù)。 Any of numerous eukaryotic organisms of the kingdom Fungi, which lack chlorophyll and vascular tissue and range in form from a single cell to a body mass of branched filamentous hyphae that often produce specialized fruiting bodies. The kingdom includes the yeasts, molds, smuts, and mushrooms.,Famine: A drastic, wide-reaching food shortage.,饑荒：食物嚴(yán)重的，普遍的短缺。,真菌：一種缺乏葉綠素和血管組織的真菌界真核生物，存在形式從一個(gè)單細(xì)胞到整個(gè)枝狀菌絲體不等，經(jīng)?？僧a(chǎn)生?；訉?shí)體。這一界生物包括酵母、霉菌、擔(dān)子菌和蘑菇。,chlorin: 氯,chlorinated:含氯的; 氯化(了)的,stratosphere: The region of the atmosphere above the troposphere and below the mesosphere.,平流層：位于對(duì)流層之上中頂層之下的范圍的大氣,stratospheric: Of, relating to, or characteristic of the stratosphere.,平流層的：屬于、關(guān)于平流層的或具有平流層的典型特征的,1) Where earlier people limited ability to alter their surroundings, we now have power to extract and consume resources, produce wastes, and modify our world in ways that threaten both our continued existence and that of many organisms with which we share the planet.,Translation,2) A relatively new field, environmental science is highly interdisciplinary, integrating natrual of the world aroud us.,3) While there are many things to appreciate and celebrate about the world in which we live, many pressing environmental problems cry out for our attention.,4) Compared to the conditions on other planets in our solar system, temperatures on the earth are mild and relatively constant. Plentiful supplies of clean air, fresh water, and fertile soil are regenerated endlessly and spontaneously by geological and biological cycles.,5) Whether there are sufficient resources to support 6 billion humans-let alone 25 billion-on a sustainable basis is one of the most important questions we face.,6) No one wants this noxious stuff dumped in their own backyard, but too often the solution is to export it to someone elses.,7) Chlorinated compounds, such as the chlorofluorocarbons used in refrigeration and air conditioning, also contribute to global warming, as well as damaging the stratospheric ozone that protects us from cancer-causing ultraviolet radiation in sunlight.,8) These and other similarly serious problems illustrate the importance of environmental science and environmental education for everyone. What we are doing to our world, and what that may mean for our future and that of our children is paramount concern as we enter the twenty-first century.,1) What is environment?,2) What is environment science?,3) List some pressing environmental problems that cry out for our attention.,Writing,4) Do you think that environmental conditions are better now or worse than they were 10 years ago? Why?,形容詞性后綴,1，-able表示可能的，可以的 movable可移動(dòng)的，available可用的，可得到的 2，-al表示有的屬性 regional 局部的，terminal末端的，typical典型的， digital手指的，數(shù)字的 3，-ant有些是從動(dòng)詞派生來(lái)的 persistant持久的，堅(jiān)持的（從動(dòng)詞persist來(lái)的）， resistant抵抗的，反抗的（自動(dòng)詞resist派生） 4，-ar表示特征的，形狀的 regular規(guī)則的，circular環(huán)形的，圓的 5，-ary 表示與有關(guān)的 ordinary平常的，通常的，voluntary自愿的，隨意的。,6，-ed 用于名詞加ed，轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞，或動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞作形容詞 Coded加密碼的（名詞code 加ed）, deposited被沉淀的（由動(dòng)詞deposit加ed） 7，-ent與-ant同類 consistent堅(jiān)定的，different不同的 8，-ful由名詞構(gòu)成形容詞 useful有用的，successful成功的，helpful有幫助的 9，-ible與-able相同 Visible可見(jiàn)的，irreversible 不可逆的 10，-ic加在外來(lái)詞根的名詞上，構(gòu)成形容詞 magnetic磁性的，aerobic需氧的，dynamic動(dòng)力的,形容詞性后綴,11，-ish加在顏色的形容詞上，表示略帶色 reddish帶紅色的，微紅的，yellowish帶黃色的，微黃的 12，-ive由動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成形容詞 relative有關(guān)的，相關(guān)的(由動(dòng)詞relat派生的)，sensitive靈敏的 13，-less表示沒(méi)有的 useless無(wú)用的，lifeless無(wú)生命