主蒸汽冷凝器制冷劑冷卻.docx

主蒸汽冷凝器制冷劑冷卻 本發(fā)明減少了主蒸汽冷凝器降低工作壓力的現(xiàn)代電廠的燃料消耗。 The main steam condenser is a heat exchanger located in the power plant steam system for condensing steam.主蒸汽冷凝器是一種換熱器在電廠凝汽式蒸汽系統(tǒng)上。 The main steam enters the main steam condenser, flowing around the tubes with the coolant flowing thru the tubes, condensing the steam.主蒸汽進(jìn)入主蒸汽冷凝器，流淌著與通過管道流冷卻液管，冷凝蒸汽。 This invention replaces the present condenser once thru cooling water system with a refrigerant cooling system.這項(xiàng)發(fā)明會(huì)取代目前的冷凝器冷卻后，通過制冷劑冷卻水系統(tǒng)。 The much lower normal temperature and greater high heat absorption rate of the refrigerant, lowers the main steam condenser operating pressure much below that of the present cooling water system.在正常溫度低得多的更大的高溫制冷劑的吸收率，降低了經(jīng)營主蒸汽冷凝器遠(yuǎn)低于目前的壓力，冷卻水系統(tǒng)。 The lower condenser pressure increases steam flow, extracting more energy from the steam, increasing the plant-operating efficiency.冷凝器壓力較低的蒸汽流量增加，從蒸汽中提取更多的精力，增加了工廠的運(yùn)行效率。 This invention combines the conventional steam cycle with the conventional refrigeration cycle.本發(fā)明與傳統(tǒng)相結(jié)合的傳統(tǒng)蒸汽制冷循環(huán)周期。 The refrigerant compressor is driven by the main steam turbine which creates the binary cycle.壓縮機(jī)的制冷劑是由主蒸汽渦輪機(jī)而產(chǎn)生的二進(jìn)制循環(huán)。 聲明： 1. 1。 Increased efficiency and reduced operating costs; The refrigerant cooled main steam condenser cooling system allows for a greater control of the condenser pressure and evaporator temperature.提高效率和降低運(yùn)營成本，而制冷劑冷卻主蒸汽冷凝器冷卻系統(tǒng)允許壓力的冷凝器和蒸發(fā)器溫度的控制。 The refrigerant flow to the condenser evaporator can be set at a constant desired temperature.制冷劑流動(dòng)到冷凝器蒸發(fā)器可以設(shè)定在一個(gè)恒定的理想溫度。 The conventional once thru cooling water system water temperature is seasonal.通過冷卻水系統(tǒng)溫度常規(guī)一次是季節(jié)性的。 The heat transfer rate of the refrigerant coolant is much greater than that of water.制冷劑的冷卻劑熱傳輸速率比水多。 The refrigerant normal temperature is much lower than that of the river and lake water.制冷劑的溫度比正常的河流和湖泊的水低。 The lower temperature and high heat transfer rate of the refrigerant cooling system creates a lower internal condenser pressure than that of a cooling water system.較低的溫度和制冷劑的制冷系統(tǒng)的高傳熱率將創(chuàng)建一個(gè)比一個(gè)冷卻水系統(tǒng)，降低內(nèi)部冷凝器壓力。 This lower condenser pressure allows more steam flow, extracting more energy from the steam.這個(gè)較低的冷凝器壓力允許更多的蒸汽流量，蒸汽提取更多的能量。 The lower condenser internal pressure allows for greater production of electrical power with the same fuel consumption.冷凝器內(nèi)壓越低允許更多的電力生產(chǎn)具有相同的燃料消耗。 2. 2。 Lower construction and maintenance costs; Plant location is no longer governed by the availability of large bodies of water.降低建設(shè)和維護(hù)成本，植物的位置不再是由大型機(jī)構(gòu)的水供應(yīng)管理。 The water intake structure and cooling towers are no longer necessary.取水結(jié)構(gòu)和冷卻塔是沒有存在的必要。 Remote plant location allows for lower property costs, reduced taxes and less public concern.廠址允許遠(yuǎn)程降低物業(yè)成本，降低稅收和減少公眾的關(guān)注。 Personnel access to the plant for construction, security and plant operation will be less congested.人員進(jìn)入施工，安全和工廠運(yùn)作中的設(shè)備將減少擠塞。 The refrigerant coolant temperature and heat transfer rate along with system compactness, allows for a smaller condenser size, shorter piping runs and smaller pipe sizes.制冷劑冷卻劑的溫度和熱緊隨著系統(tǒng)傳輸速率，允許規(guī)模較小的冷凝器，縮短管道運(yùn)行和更小的管道大小。 The present once thru cooling water system has equipment and system corrosion problems because of poor water quality and electrolysis.曾經(jīng)通過冷卻水系統(tǒng)目前已因水質(zhì)差和電解設(shè)備和系統(tǒng)的腐蝕問題。 This problem is eliminated with the refrigerant coolant system because refrigerant is non-corrosive.這個(gè)問題是淘汰的制冷劑冷卻系統(tǒng)，因?yàn)橹评鋭o腐蝕性。 Exotic materials are no longer required for equipment, piping systems and instrumentation.異國情調(diào)的材料不再需要的設(shè)備，管道系統(tǒng)和儀器儀表。 3. 3。 Improved plant security and safety: Nuclear power generating stations have two major concerns, besides power generation.提高工廠的安全和保障：核電廠發(fā)電，除了有兩個(gè)主要問題。 They are plant security and plant safety.它們是植物的安全性和植物安全。 The main steam condenser refrigerant cooling system does not require a cooling water intake structure.主蒸汽冷凝器制冷劑冷卻系統(tǒng)不需要冷卻水的攝入量結(jié)構(gòu)。 This eliminates an additional opening in the plant security boundary.這消除了一個(gè)安全邊界在植物的其他開放。 A nuclear power generating station has an emergency shutdown system, which incorporates heat removal.核能發(fā)電站有一個(gè)緊急停車系統(tǒng)，它包括散熱。 The main steam condenser refrigerant cooling system is a very efficient and reliable heat removal system.主蒸汽冷凝器制冷劑冷卻系統(tǒng)是一個(gè)非常有效和可靠的散熱系統(tǒng)。 The main steam condenser refrigerant cooling system, with instrumentation, can easily be incorporated into the plant emergency shutdown system.主蒸汽冷凝器制冷劑冷卻系統(tǒng)，儀器儀表，可以很容易地被納入廠緊急停車系統(tǒng)。 This incorporation may increase nuclear power acceptance.這可能會(huì)增加核電納入驗(yàn)收。 4. 4。 Invention potential: Presently naval ships have salt water-cooled main steam condensers.發(fā)明的潛力：目前海軍艦艇編隊(duì)海水冷卻主蒸汽冷凝器。 The installation of the main steam condenser refrigerant cooling system will eliminate corrosion problems.在主蒸汽冷凝器制冷劑冷卻系統(tǒng)的安裝將消除腐蝕問題。 This invention is especially suited for nuclear powered naval submarines.本發(fā)明特別適用于核動(dòng)力海軍潛水艇。 Description:說明： The major intent of this invention is to improve the operational efficiency and the functional design of the modern day electrical power generating station.本發(fā)明的主要目的是提高運(yùn)作效率和現(xiàn)代日電發(fā)電站功能設(shè)計(jì)。 This invention replaces the main steam condenser once through cooling water system with a refrigerant cooling system.本發(fā)明代替了一次通過主蒸汽冷凝器冷卻系統(tǒng)的制冷劑冷卻水系統(tǒng)。 The invention is directed primarily toward new power plant construction.本發(fā)明主要是針對(duì)對(duì)新電廠的建設(shè)。 Maintenance, equipment replacement cost and future operating cost savings may make it beneficial to convert existing stations.維修，設(shè)備更換成本和未來的運(yùn)營成本節(jié)省可能使有益的轉(zhuǎn)換現(xiàn)有車站。 The main steam condenser refrigerant cooling system will reduce fuel consumption with compatible power generation to that of the cooling water system.主蒸汽冷凝器制冷劑冷卻系統(tǒng)將減少燃料消耗與兼容發(fā)電的冷卻水系統(tǒng)。 The intent of this invention is not to redesign the conventional steam cycle or the conventional refrigeration cycle but to combine them.本發(fā)明的目的不是要重新設(shè)計(jì)傳統(tǒng)的蒸汽循環(huán)或傳統(tǒng)制冷循環(huán)，而是將兩者融合在一起。 The following drawings will aid in the clarification of this invention:如下圖，將有助于本發(fā)明澄清： FIG.圖。 1 is a schematic diagram which shows the conventional steam cycle and the conventional refrigerant cycle crossing at the main steam condenser, where the heat exchange takes place. 1是一個(gè)示意圖，顯示了傳統(tǒng)蒸汽循環(huán)與傳統(tǒng)制冷循環(huán)在主蒸汽冷凝器，在那里發(fā)生的熱交換通道。 FIG.圖。 2 is a schematic diagram showing the equipment and flow arrangement of the conventional steam cycle and conventional refrigerant cycle.二是一個(gè)示意圖，顯示了傳統(tǒng)蒸汽循環(huán)和傳統(tǒng)制冷劑的循環(huán)設(shè)備和流量安排。 FIG.圖。 3 is a physical schematic building cross-section diagram showing a probable arrangement of equipment and flow pattern for the steam and refrigerant combined cycle.三是建設(shè)一個(gè)物理原理圖的橫截面圖顯示的設(shè)備和?流動(dòng)模式和制冷劑的蒸汽聯(lián)合循環(huán)的可能安排。 The combined cycles become known as a binary cycle.合并后的周期越來越被當(dāng)作二元周期。 (FIG. 1) The present day main steam condenser requires very large quantities of cooling water. （圖1）本一天的主蒸汽冷凝器冷卻水需要非常大的數(shù)量。 Circulating pumps supply the main steam condenser with cooling water from nearby rivers or lakes to condense the main steam.循環(huán)冷卻水泵供應(yīng)從附近的河流或湖泊的水蒸汽凝結(jié)主主蒸汽冷凝器。 The main condenser cooling water flows thru a water intake structure, designed to prevent sea-life from entering the cooling water system.主要通過冷凝器冷卻水的攝入結(jié)構(gòu)，以防止其進(jìn)入冷卻水系統(tǒng)海生活，水流量。 The elaborate intake structure is in compliance with environmental requirements.精心制作的攝入結(jié)構(gòu)符合環(huán)保要求。 When the heated water from the main steam condenser is returned to the river or lake, it is directed far from the shoreline.當(dāng)從主蒸汽冷凝水加熱返回到河流或湖泊，它是針對(duì)遠(yuǎn)離海岸線。 This insures proper mixing and does not allow elevated river or lake temperatures.這確保了適當(dāng)?shù)幕旌?，并且不允許河流或湖泊的溫度升高。 Many modern day power plants have installed natural draft cooling towers to eliminate the concern for elevated river or lake temperatures.現(xiàn)今許多電廠已經(jīng)安裝了自然通風(fēng)冷卻塔以消除對(duì)氣溫升高的河流或湖泊的關(guān)注。 The natural draft towers have a vapor plume which may cause an environmental hazard.有自然通風(fēng)塔的蒸汽柱，可能造成環(huán)境危害。 The new main steam condenser refrigerant cooling system has many advantages over the present day once thru water-cooling system.新的主蒸汽冷凝器制冷劑冷卻系統(tǒng)在現(xiàn)今的許多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，通過一次水冷卻系統(tǒng)。 It should be noted with a refrigerant cooling system, the intake structure and need for cooling towers is longer required.應(yīng)該指出的制冷劑冷卻系統(tǒng)，進(jìn)氣和冷卻塔的結(jié)構(gòu)需要的是不再需要。 More importantly, the power plant location is no longer dependent upon large bodies of water, which presently governs power plant location.更重要的是，電廠位置不再經(jīng)水，現(xiàn)轄電廠所在地大批依賴。 The present once thru cooling water system is very corrosive due to electrolysis and poor water quality.曾經(jīng)通過冷卻水系統(tǒng)中存在的腐蝕性很強(qiáng)，由于電解和水質(zhì)差。 The refrigerant coolant is non-corrosive reducing plant maintenance costs.制冷劑冷卻劑無腐蝕性減少植物的維護(hù)費(fèi)用。 The heat from the present once thru cooling water system is transfer to the river or lake.從目前一次通過冷卻水系統(tǒng)的熱是轉(zhuǎn)移到河流或湖泊。 The main steam condenser refrigerant cooling system allows for transfer of heat energy to building services, boiler feed and other utilities requiring heated water.主蒸汽冷凝器制冷劑冷卻系統(tǒng)允許對(duì)熱能轉(zhuǎn)移到建設(shè)服務(wù)，鍋爐給水和其他公用事業(yè)需要加熱的水。 The heat energy is not wasted.熱能不浪費(fèi)。 The main steam condenser refrigerant cooling system has greater temperature control than the present day once thru cooling water system.主蒸汽冷凝器制冷劑冷卻系統(tǒng)冷卻水系統(tǒng)一次通過大于現(xiàn)今溫度控制。 The refrigerant flow to the main steam condenser can be set at a constant, desired temperature.制冷劑流動(dòng)到主蒸汽冷凝器可設(shè)定在一個(gè)恒定的，需要的溫度。 The conventional once thru cooling water temperature is constant and capacity is subject to pump design.通過冷卻水的溫度是恒定的一次常規(guī)和能力是受泵的設(shè)計(jì)。 The uniqueness of this invention is driving the refrigerant compressor with the main steam turbine.本發(fā)明的獨(dú)特性是其主要驅(qū)動(dòng)蒸汽渦輪機(jī)制冷壓縮機(jī)。 The main steam condenser and refrigerant evaporator share the same container and become one, and can now be known as the evaporator condenser.主蒸汽冷凝器和蒸發(fā)器制冷劑共享相同的容器，?成為一，現(xiàn)在還可以作為蒸發(fā)器冷凝器而聞名。 This combination also adds to the making of a binary cycle.這種組合也增加了一個(gè)二元周期決策。 The steam cycle and the refrigeration cycle remain unchanged with this invention.蒸汽制冷循環(huán)周期和保持與本發(fā)明不變。 The installation of the combined conventional systems is as follows.合并后的常規(guī)系統(tǒng)的安裝如下。 (FIGS. 2 & 3) The refrigerant compressor 3 is located in the main turbine building and is directly connected to the main generator shaft. （圖2及3）制冷劑壓縮機(jī)3位于主汽機(jī)的建設(shè)，直接連接到主發(fā)電機(jī)軸。 The main steam turbine drives the generator 15 and the compressor. 3 The refrigerant gas is compressed and transferred to the refrigerant condenser, 4 located on the main turbine building roof.主蒸汽渦輪驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)和壓縮機(jī)15。3，制冷劑氣體壓縮，轉(zhuǎn)移到冷凝器的制冷劑，4屋頂位于主汽機(jī)的建設(shè)。 The heat gained by absorption from the condensing steam and the heat of compression caused by the refrigerant compressor 3 is removed by the refrigerant condenser. 4 The air-cooled heat exchangers 4 remove heat and condense the refrigerant gas.所獲得的熱量的吸收，蒸汽冷凝和3熱制冷劑壓縮機(jī)的壓縮造成的去除是冷凝器的制冷劑。4風(fēng)冷式換熱器4取出熱和制冷劑氣體凝聚。 The condensed liquid refrigerant is transferred to the refrigerant receiver, 5 located on the main turbine-building roof and is the high-pressure refrigerant storage tank. 5 The condensed liquid refrigerant is transferred to the refrigerant expansion valve, 6 The refrigerant expansion Valve 6 is located at the coolant entrance to the main steam evaporator condenser. 1 Its function is to a flow the refrigerant to change from a high-pressure liquid to a low-pressure liquid, lowering the boiling point of the refrigerant.簡明液體制冷劑的制冷劑轉(zhuǎn)移到接收器， 五屋頂位于主渦輪建設(shè)，是高壓制冷劑儲(chǔ)罐。 五，濃縮液轉(zhuǎn)移到制冷劑的制冷劑膨脹閥，制冷膨脹閥6 6位于入口處的冷卻劑主蒸汽蒸發(fā)器冷凝器。1其功能是一個(gè)流動(dòng)的制冷劑改變高壓液體變?yōu)榈蛪褐评鋭┮后w，降低了沸點(diǎn)。 The low-pressure liquid refrigerant flows thru_the condenser tubes, absorbing heat, changing into a gas, in turn condensing the steam.低壓制冷劑液體流動(dòng)thru_the冷凝器管，吸收熱量，進(jìn)而改變變成氣體，蒸汽冷凝。 The evaporator condenser 1 is located under the Main Steam low pressure Turbine 12 and is connected by a steam exhaust trunk 13 .蒸發(fā)器冷凝器1位于主蒸汽下低壓渦輪為13 12和連接由蒸汽排氣樹干。 The refrigerant inter-cooler 2 is located between the evaporator condenser 1 and the refrigerant compressor 3 .制冷劑間冷器2位于冷凝器蒸發(fā)器之間制冷劑壓縮機(jī)1和3。 The inter-cooler removes excess heat from the refrigerant gas, prior to entering the compressor.間冷器的制冷劑氣體中刪除多余的熱量，在進(jìn)入之前壓縮機(jī)。 The refrigerant condenser will remove the inter-cooler heat.制冷劑冷凝器將刪除間冷卻器的熱量。 The main steam boiler 11 heats the feed water change it into steam.主蒸汽鍋爐給水加熱11改變蒸成。 Main steam under pressure is transferred to the main steam turbine, through a piping system.主蒸汽壓力下被轉(zhuǎn)移到主蒸汽渦輪機(jī)，通過一個(gè)管道系統(tǒng)。 The main steam enters the main steam turbine and is directed onto the turbine blades causing the turbines to rotate.主蒸汽進(jìn)入主蒸汽渦輪機(jī)，并導(dǎo)致上的渦輪機(jī)的渦輪葉片轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)指示。 The rotating turbine shaft is connected to the generator which produces electrical power.渦輪軸旋轉(zhuǎn)連接到發(fā)電機(jī)，產(chǎn)生電力。 The condenser air ejectors 14 remove air from the evaporator condenser to lower the internal pressure.冷凝器冷凝器空氣噴射器14刪除空氣從蒸發(fā)器內(nèi)壓力降低。 The air ejector 14 design is in accordance with system start-up capacity.空氣噴射器14個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)能力是根據(jù)系統(tǒng)啟動(dòng)。 The main steam exhaust trunk 13 is located at the base of the main steam turbines and directs the exhaust steam into the evaporator condenser 1 .主蒸汽渦輪機(jī)排氣干線13位于蒸汽的主要基地，指導(dǎo)排一蒸汽進(jìn)入蒸發(fā)器冷凝器。 The steam enters the evaporator condenser 1 flowing around the tubes.蒸汽進(jìn)入蒸發(fā)器冷凝器一管周圍流動(dòng)。 The coolant flowing through the tubes changes the steam into condensate which collects in the condenser evaporator hotwell. 7 The condenser hotwell 7 is located in the lower portion of the evaporator condenser 1 and is the storage area for the condensate pump.冷卻劑流經(jīng)改變管蒸汽冷凝水收集到其中熱井在冷凝器蒸發(fā)器。冷凝器熱井7 7 1位于冷凝器下部的蒸發(fā)器和冷凝泵，是為存儲(chǔ)區(qū)域。 The main condensate pump 8 takes suction from the hotwell 7 and delivers the condensate to the boiler feedwater heater 9 The feedwater heater 9 is the storage area for the feedwater pump 10 .主冷凝泵吸需要7 8從熱井，并提供了冷凝鍋爐給水加熱器給水加熱器9 9泵10存儲(chǔ)區(qū)域給水。 The main feedwater pump 10 delivers water to the main steam boiler 11 to produce main steam.主給水泵10提供水蒸汽鍋爐的主要生產(chǎn)11至主蒸汽。 The cycle is continuously repeated.該循環(huán)不斷重復(fù)。 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION發(fā)明的詳細(xì)說明 This invention replaces the main steam condenser cooling water system with a refrigerant cooling system.這項(xiàng)發(fā)明會(huì)取代主蒸汽冷凝器冷卻系統(tǒng)的制冷劑冷卻水系統(tǒng)。 It should be noted that there is no intent of redesigning the steam cycle or refrigeration cycle.應(yīng)該指出的是，沒有重新設(shè)計(jì)的蒸汽制冷循環(huán)周期或意圖。 The combining of the steam condenser and the refrigerant evaporator along with the refrigerant compressor being driven by the main steam turbine creates the binary cycle.的蒸汽冷凝器，壓縮機(jī)的制冷劑以及制冷劑的蒸發(fā)器被驅(qū)動(dòng)相結(jié)合的主蒸汽渦輪機(jī)產(chǎn)生的二進(jìn)制循環(huán)。 (FIGS. 1 & 2) The main steam condenser in the modern day power plant is sometimes called the heart of the steam cycle. （圖1及2）在現(xiàn)今的電廠主蒸汽冷凝器有時(shí)也被稱為蒸汽循環(huán)的核心。 The differential pressure between the boiler and the condenser causes steam to flow.之間的鍋爐和冷凝器的蒸汽壓力差導(dǎo)致流動(dòng)。 The lower the internal condenser pressure the more steam flow.越低越內(nèi)部冷凝器壓力蒸汽流量。 The refrigerant low normal temperature and high heat transfer rate lowers the main steam condenser internal pressure much below that of the once thru cooling water system.制冷劑常溫低熱量和高傳輸速率降低了冷卻水系統(tǒng)一旦通過主蒸汽冷凝器遠(yuǎn)低于該內(nèi)部的壓力。 This increased reduction in the condenser pressure makes the steam cycle much more efficient.這在減少冷凝器壓力升高，使蒸汽循環(huán)更有效率。 This invention is directed toward new plant construction but a maintenance economic evaluation may constitute a conversion to an existing plant.本發(fā)明是為了新工廠的建設(shè)，而是維護(hù)經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)價(jià)可能構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)換為現(xiàn)有的工廠。 The main steam condenser air ejectors remove air from the condenser vessel also lowering the internal pressure.主蒸汽冷凝器空氣噴射器，冷凝器除去船只也降低了內(nèi)部壓力的空氣。 The air ejector system design capacity is essential for system start-up.空氣噴射系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)能力是必不可少的系統(tǒng)啟動(dòng)。 The conventional refrigerant cycle is very efficient and very reliable.傳統(tǒng)的制冷劑循環(huán)是非常有效和非常可靠。 The simplicity of the refrigerant cooling system will also provide reusable heat for building services and the main steam feed water.制冷劑的制冷系統(tǒng)的簡單性也將提供可重復(fù)使用的熱建設(shè)服務(wù)和主蒸汽給水。 The refrigerant cooling system is much more efficient than the water-cooled system, less fuel consumption for the same power generated.制冷劑冷卻系統(tǒng)比水冷系統(tǒng)，在相同的功率消耗較少的燃料效率的產(chǎn)生。 BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION本發(fā)明的小結(jié) This invention has to do with the cooling system for the main steam condenser in the modern-day power plant.本發(fā)明為跟在現(xiàn)代的電廠主蒸汽冷凝器冷卻系統(tǒng)。 This invention replaces the main steam condenser existing once thru cooling water system with a refrigerant cooling system.這項(xiàng)發(fā)明會(huì)取代現(xiàn)有的主蒸汽通過冷凝器冷卻系統(tǒng)的制冷劑冷卻水系統(tǒng)一次。 In order for the steam cycle to function properly the main steam produced by the boiler must have a low-pressure area to discharge into.為了使蒸汽循環(huán)正常，主要由鍋爐產(chǎn)生蒸汽必須有一個(gè)低壓區(qū)排入。 This area is the main steam condenser.這個(gè)區(qū)域主要是蒸汽冷凝器。 The lower the pressure area the more efficient the system.在壓力較低區(qū)域的更有效的系統(tǒng)。 When the energy of the steam is spent, after rotating the turbines, it discharges into the main steam condenser.當(dāng)蒸汽能源用完之后，旋轉(zhuǎn)后進(jìn)入主蒸汽渦輪機(jī)冷凝器，它的排放。 The steam flows around the condenser tubes, as the coolant flows through the tubes the temperature differen