英語中形容詞的用法.ppt

形容詞用法專題精講 一 形容詞的定義形容詞用來修飾名詞或代詞 表示人或事物的性質(zhì) 狀態(tài) 和特征 二 形容詞的用法 1 作定語 一般放在名詞之前 不定代詞something anything nothing everything等之后 eg It sasunnydaytoday 今天是個陽光燦爛的日子 Shehasaredcoat 她有一件紅色的外套 Wouldyoulikesomethinghottodrink 你想喝點熱飲料嗎 我有重要的事要告訴你 電影里有什么有趣的內(nèi)容嗎 這兒一點都不危險 Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou Isthereanythinginterestinginthefilm Thereisnothingdangeroushere 2 作表語 放在系動詞的后面 eg Helookshappytoday 他今天顯得很高興Ifeelverytiredafterplayingfootball 踢球之后我覺得很累 3 形容詞用作賓語補足語 放在賓語之后 eg Don tkeepthedooropen 別讓門敞著 Hissuccessmadehimhappy 他的成功讓他感到幸福 某些形容詞放在定冠詞之后 變成名詞 表示一類人 常見的形容詞有 good bad rich poor young old deaf blind black white living dead等 eg Theoldoftenthinkofoldthings 老年人經(jīng)?；叵胪?Thenewalwaystaketheplaceoftheold 新生事物總是會取代舊的事物 5 多個形容詞修飾一個名詞時 其順序為 限定詞 冠詞 指示代詞 形容詞性物主代詞 數(shù)詞 描繪性形容詞 大小 長短 高低 形狀 年齡 新舊 顏色 國籍 地區(qū) 出處 物質(zhì)材料 用途 類別 名詞Asmallroundtable一張小圓桌Atallwhitebuilding一幢高大的白色建筑物AfamousAmericanmedicalschool一個非常著名的美國醫(yī)學院 1 Onedaytheycrossedthe bridgebehindthepalace A oldChinesestoneB ChineseoldstoneC oldstoneChineseD Chinesestoneold 2 HowwasyourrecentvisittoQingdao Itwasgreat Wevisitedsomefriends andspentthe daysattheseaside A fewlastsunnyB lastfewsunnyC lastsunnyfewD fewsunnylast 1 副詞的作用 用來修飾動詞 形容詞 其它副詞 全句或名詞詞組及句子 二 副詞 2 有許多副詞是對應(yīng)的形容詞加ly構(gòu)成 有幾個特殊的要去e后再加 ly或y 如 true trulyterrible terribly good的副詞是well well也可作形容詞用 但只有唯一的意思 healthy健康的hard既是形容詞也是副詞 作形容詞是 困難的 difficult 作副詞是 努力地 hardly的意思是 幾乎不 它和hard沒關(guān)系 注意 用詞的適當形式填空1Heworksvery He hasarestonSunday hard 2 hedidn tfailintheexam luck 3Hewasso thathecouldn tbelievethis news surprise 4Hewon tdoit Iwon tdoit too hard hardly Luckily surprised surprising either 5Mr Greenisfeeling enoughtogotowork good 6Theoldmanlooksvery thanyouthink friend 7Thisboxisnotso asthatone heavy 8Lucyjumped ofthefour high well morefriendly heavy highest 形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成 規(guī)則變化單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞1 一般情況加 er或 estfast faster fastesthigh higher highestclever cleverer cleverest 規(guī)則變化單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞2 以字母e結(jié)尾加 r或 stfine finer finestlate later latestnice nicer nicest 規(guī)則變化單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞3 重讀閉音節(jié) 末尾只有一個輔音字母時雙寫加 er或 estfat fatter fattestbig bigger biggestthin thinner thinnest 規(guī)則變化單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞4 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾變y為i加 er或 estearly earlier earliesteasy easier easiestlucky luckier luckiest 規(guī)則變化部分雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞在詞前加more或mostslowly moreslowly mostslowlyeasily moreeasily mosteasilycarefully morecarefully mostcarefully 不規(guī)則變化good well better bestmany much more mostlittle less leastfar farther farthest far further furthest bad badly ill worse worst 形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級的用法 1 表示兩者 人或事物 的比較時用比較級 通常用連詞than引導 表示 較 或 更 一些 的意思 Thiscakeismoredeliciousthanthatone LiLeijumpedfartherthanJim did 2 表示三者或三者以上 人或事物 的比較用最高級 最高級的前面一般要加定冠詞the 后面可帶of in among 短語來說明比較的范圍 ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina Lucysings the bestofall Heisthemostcarefulamongus 3 在表示 和 一樣 和 不及 這類概念時 可以用 as 原級 as 和 notas so 原級 as 的句型 Ourteacherisasbusyasbefore Hedoesnotrunso as fastasI 4 可用much still alittle even far threeyears等表示程度的狀語來修飾比較級 SheismuchtallerthanMrs Liu HeisthreeyearsolderthanI Thisproblemisalittlemoredifficultthantheotherone 5 幾種比較級的使用句型1 比較級 and 比較級 表示 越來越 YourEnglishisgettingbetterandbetter 你的英語越來越好了 ThesedaysmoreandmorepeoplearelearningEnglish 現(xiàn)在學英語的人越來越多了 2 the 比較級 the 比較級 表示 越 就越 Themore thebetter 越多越好 Thebusierheis thehappierhefeels 他越忙越高興 3 more less than 表示 不止 不到 Sheismorethanthirty 她三十多歲了 Thelightestweighslessthan50kilograms 最輕的不到五十公斤 4 moreorless 表示 差不多 或多或少 Theproblemismoreorlesssolved 這個問題差不多已經(jīng)解決了 Isitstraight Moreorless 它直嗎 差不多吧 6 注意點形容詞最高級前一定要用the 副詞最高級前可省略在比較級中為了避免重復 在the后常用one that those等詞來替代前面提到過的名詞 Thispenisshorterthanthatone TheweatherhereiswarmerthanthatofShanghai 3 用or連接兩項需作比較的內(nèi)容時 須用比較級 若or連接三項或三項以上的內(nèi)容時 則須用最高級 Whoistaller MaryorJane Whichisbiggest thesun themoonortheearth 7 掌握幾種同義句轉(zhuǎn)換1 Heistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass Heistallerthantheotherstudentsinhisclass Heistallerthananyoftheotherstudentsinhisclass Heisthetallest student inhisclass 3 IprefermathstoEnglish IlikemathsbetterthanEnglish 4 Theboxistooheavyforhimtocarry Theboxissoheavythathecan tcarryit Theboxisnotlightenoughforhimtocarry Exercises c 選擇 1Whogetshomeusually inyourfamily A thelatestB laterC earlyD aslate 2Themorewelookedatthepicture A welikeitlessB thelesswelikeditC betterwelikeditD itlookedbetter 3Whatapity Lucyran thanLily A afewmoreslowlyB alittlemoreslowlyC muchmoreslowlyD littleslowlier A B B 4Don tworry Yourbabyislookedafter here thenursearevery A careful carefullyB carefully carefulC care carelessD careless care 5Theideabecame Hewantedtotry A strangly itoutB strangly outitC strange itoutD strange outit 6Beijingis biggestcitiesinChina A thefirstB oneofC thesecondD second B C C 7 Thebreadis thanthesecakesA verydeliciousB muchdeliciousC moredeliciousD asdelicious 8 LinTaojumped inthelongjumpintheschoolsportsmeetingA farB fartherC farthestD quitefar 9 Whentheymetinthehotel Theytalkedandlaughed A happilyB happyC happierD happiest 10 whichis seasoninBeijing A goodB betterC bestD thebest C C A D 11 IthinkYaomingthefamousbasketballplayer hewillbe newStarinNBAhotB hotterC hottestD thehottest12 Inourcityit s inJuly butitiseven inAugusthotterhottestB hothotC hotterhotD hothotter13 HainanisaverylargeIsland Itisthesecond islandinchinalargeB largerC largestD mostlargest14 Anelephantis thanatigerheavyB veryheavyC theheaviestD heavier D D C D 15 Ahorseis thanadogMuchheavyB moreheavierC muchheavier16 Emmaalwaysmakesalotofmistakes Sheis CareB carefulC carefullyD careless17 Whichsubjectis physicsorchemistry InterestingB mostinterestingC MoreinterestingD themostinteresting C D C 18 Heis enoughtocarrytheheavyboxstrongB strongerC muchstronger D thestrongest19 Lileioftentalks butdoes soeveryonesaysheisagoodboyA lessmoreB fewmuchC morelittleD littlemany20 Whenthefamoussingerstartedtosing everyonebegantoshoutvery loudlyB loudC heavilyD high A A A 形容詞練習 21 Thiscoatisabittooforme Doyouhaveasizeinblue A small bigB small biggerC small biggerD small big22 Heissotiredthathefellassoonashelaydown A sleepB sleepingC sleepyD asleep23 IfIhad I dgotoEgyptandhaveabookattheGreatPyramid A alongenoughholidayB anenoughlongholidayC aholidayenoughlongD alongholidayenough24 Heworksvery HehasarestonSundays A hard hardlyB hardly hardC hard hardD hardly hardly25 JulyandAugustarethemonthsinayear A hotB hot