2010年全國高考英語試題及答案-安徽卷解析(精校版).doc

絕密啟用前2010年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（安徽卷）英 語【名師點評】安徽高考英語試題強調(diào)學(xué)生靈活運用語言的能力，難度較去年略有所上升。單選題涉及到代詞、動詞短語、動詞辨析、交際用語、名詞辨析、強調(diào)句、時態(tài)、非謂語動詞、情態(tài)動詞、復(fù)合句，其中22、24題有一定難度。完形填空是一篇說明文，學(xué)生對其內(nèi)容熟悉，易于理解，重點考查學(xué)生對語義、語境、語篇的深層次理解，能充分反映出考生綜合運用英語的能力。閱讀理解題材與體裁廣泛，其選材多來源于真實生活，詞匯量比去年有所增加。文章考查全面，有理解主旨、捕捉細節(jié)、推理判斷、推斷詞義、理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)、理解作者的意圖和態(tài)度等題，難度適中。任務(wù)型讀寫題型設(shè)置中既有一定量的捕捉信息題，也有活用題和綜合概括題。此題難度較去年略有下降。 書面表達為半開放式作文，話題為學(xué)生所熟悉，便于學(xué)生發(fā)散思維。本試卷分第卷（選擇題）和第卷（非選擇題）兩部分，第卷第1頁至第14頁，第卷第15頁至第16頁。全卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘?？忌⒁馐马棧?.答題前，務(wù)必在試題卷、答題卡規(guī)定的地方填寫自己的姓名、座位號，并認真核對答題卡上所粘貼的條形碼中姓名、座位號與本人姓名、座位號是否一致。務(wù)必在答題卡背面規(guī)定的地方填寫姓名和座位號后兩位。2.答第卷時，每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。3.答第卷時，必須使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上書寫，要求字體工整，筆跡清晰。作圖題可先用鉛筆在答題卡規(guī)定的位置繪出，確認后再用0.5毫米的黑色墨水簽字筆描清楚。務(wù)必在題號所指示的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上答題無效。4.考試結(jié)束，務(wù)必將試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第卷第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）回答聽力部分時，請先將答案標在試卷上。聽力部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時間將你的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到客觀題答題卡上。第一節(jié) （共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. $19.15B.$9.15C.$9.18答案是B。1. What will Dorothy do on the weekend?A. Go out with her friend.B. Work on her paper.C. Make some plans.2. What was the normal price of the T-shirt?A. $15.B. $30.C. $50.3. What has the woman decided to do on Sunday afternoon?A. To attend a wedding.B. To visit an exhibition.C. To meet a friend.4. When does the bank close on Sunday?A. At 1:00 pm.B. At 3:00 pm.C. At 4:00 pm.5. Where are the speakers?A. In a store.B. In a classroom.C. At a hotel.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答6、7題。6. What do we know about Nora?A. She prefers a room of her own.B. She likes to work with other girls.C. She lives near the city center.7.What is good about the flat？A. It has a large sitting room.B. It has good furnitureC. It has a big kitchen聽第7段材料，回答8、9題。8.Where has Barbara been？A. MilanB. FlorenceC. Rome9.What has Barbara got in her suitcase？A. ShoesB. StonesC. Books聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10. Who is making the telephone call？A. Thomas BrothersB. Mike LandonC. Jack Cooper11. What relation is the woman to Mr. Cooper？A. His wifeB. His bossC. His secretary12. What is the message about？A. A meetingB. A Visit to FranceC. The date for a trip聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Who could the man Speaker most probably be？A. A person who saw the accident B. The driver of the lorry C. A police officer14. What was Mrs. Franks doing when the accident took place？A. Walking along Churchill AvenueB. Getting ready to cross the road C. Standing outside a bank15.When did the accident happen？A. At about 8:00 amB. At about 9:00 amC. At about 10:00 am16. How did the accident happen？A. A lorry hit a carB. A car ran into a lorryC. A bank clerk rushed into the street 聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17. What is the talk mainly about？A. The history of the school B. The courses for the termC. The plan for the day18.Where can the visitors learn about the subjects for new students？A. In the school hallB. In the science labsC. In the classrooms19.What can students in the practical areas？A. Take science coursesB. Enjoy excellent mealsC. Attend workshops20. When are the visitors expected to ask questions？A. During the lunch hourB. After the welcome speechC. Before the tour of the labs【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. A 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A 第二部分 英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié) 單項填空（共15題；每小題1分，滿分15分）從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child _he or she wantsA. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 答案是B。21. You are a team star! Working with is rally your cup of tea. A. both B. either C. others D. the other【解析】不定代詞題。根據(jù)上文，句意：與他人共事，對你來說實在不是問題。選others?！敬鸢浮緾。22. No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone you wishing they were that high. A. getting rid of B. getting along with C.1ooking up to D. looking down upon【解析】動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)主句謂語是現(xiàn)在時，wishing they were that high是虛擬句，意為：要是他們有那么高就好了。事實是他們沒你高，就得仰視你，故選1ooking up to?！敬鸢浮緾。23. How did you like Nicks performance last night? To be honest, his singing didnt to me much. A. appeal B. belong C. refer D. occur【解析】動詞辨析題。即使沒有第一句，選項B、C和D也說不太通選項句，【答案】A。24. Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program? , does it? A. It takes no time B. It counts for nothing C. It doesnt hurt to ask D. It doesnt, make sense【解析】情景對話。根據(jù)上文“你知道Linda是否愿意負責這個項目？”【答案】C，問一下也無妨。25. I havent seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond .A. hearing B. strength C. recognition D. measure【解析】名詞辨析題。句意：Sara還是小姑娘之后，我就沒見過她了，她已變得認不出來了，選recognition。【答案】C。26. Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he . A. was busy B. is busy C had been busy D. will be busy【解析】時態(tài)題。根據(jù)上文對過去的非事實陳述虛擬，可知選項句陳述過去事實，故用一般過去時。句意：昨天Bob本來會幫助我們的，但他很忙。【答案】A。27. It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.A. where B. that C. when D. which【解析】強調(diào)句。去掉句首的It was和選項，剩余部分為正常句子： from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner，故選that。【答案】B。28. Were you surprised by the ending of the film? No. I the book, so I already knew the story. A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read 【解析】時態(tài)題。根據(jù)選項動作在knew之前已完成，所以用過去完成時?！敬鸢浮緽。29. The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, they have the interest. A. wherever B. whenever C. even if D. as if【解析】從句連詞題。句意：工程師們忙得沒有時間進行戶外運動，即使他們有興趣，選even if。【答案】C。30. He had wonderful childhood, _ with his mother to all corners of the word. A. travel B. to travel C. traveled D. traveling 【解析】非謂語動詞題。選項與邏輯主語childhood是主動關(guān)系，選traveling?！敬鸢浮緿。31. , she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile A. Shy and cautious B. Sensitive and thoughtful C. Honest and confident D. Lighthearted and optimistic【解析】形容詞辨析。根據(jù)“她是那種通過微笑灑播陽光的人”，選Lighthearted and optimistic，【答案】D 。32. Jack described his father, who a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man. A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been【解析】情態(tài)動詞題。根據(jù)“一個意志剛強的人”，推測“許多年前他的父親一定是一個勇敢的孩子”，選must have been?！敬鸢浮緿。33. Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a larger one it becomes available A. as soon as B. unless C. as far as D. until【解析】從句連詞題。句意：暫時就用這個房間，一有可用的，我們就給你提供一個更大的房間。選as soon as?！敬鸢浮緼。34. Weve spent too much money recently. Well, it isnt surprising. Our friends and relatives around all the time. A. are coming B. had comeC. were coming D. have been coming【解析】時態(tài)題。根據(jù)上文是現(xiàn)在時，“親戚朋友一直不斷地來”是到現(xiàn)在為止反復(fù)發(fā)生的，選現(xiàn)在完成進行時We can use the present perfect progressive to talk about repeated actions and events牛津英語用法指南420.5?！敬鸢浮緿。35. ? That would be great! Please drop me off at the library. A. Could you bring me the billB. Would you like me to give you a liftC. Could you tell me the postcode for ParisD. Would you like to have my e-mail address【解析】交際用語。根據(jù)答語“請在圖書館讓我下車”，問句應(yīng)是“你要我送你嗎？”【答案】B。第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。 Most people give little thought to the Pens they write with, especially since the printer in modern homes and offices mean that very 36 things are handwritten. All too often, people buy a pen based only on 37 , and wonder why they are not satisfied 38 they begin to use it. However, buying a pen that youll enjoy is not 39 if you keep the following in mind. First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be 40 to use. The thickness of the pen is the most important characteristic(特征) 4l comfort. Having a small hand and thick fingers, you may be comfortable with a thin pen. If you have a 42 hand and thicker fingers, you may 43 a fatter pen. The length of a pen can 44 influence comfort. A pen that is too 45 can easily feel top-heavy and unstable. Then, the writing point of the pen should 46 the ink to flow evenly(均勻地) while the pen remains in touch with the paper. 47 will make it possible for you to create a 48 line of writing. The point should also be sensitive enough to 49 ink from running when the pen is lifted. A point that does not block the 50 may leave drops of ink, 51 you pick the pen up and put it down again. 52 , the pen should make a thick, dark line. Fine-line pens may 53 bad handwriting, but fine, delicate lines do not commandThis is a question that has a close bearing on whether our Party and state will change political colour and should therefore command the attention of the entire Party. 這種制度問題，關(guān)系到黨和國家是否改變顏色，必須引起全黨的高度重視。 來源： 54 next to printed text, as, 55 , a signature on a printed letter. A broad line, on the other hand, gives an impression of confidence and authority (權(quán)威).36. A. many B. few C. pleasant D. important【解析】尤其由于現(xiàn)代家里和辦公室里的打印機，意味著很少東西是手寫的了。選few?！敬鸢浮緽 。37. A. 1ooks B. reason C. value D. advantages【解析】經(jīng)常是，人們買筆僅根據(jù)外觀。選1ooks?！敬鸢浮緼。 38. A. once B. if C. because D. though【解析】一旦開始用筆，他們不知道為什么不滿意它。選once?！敬鸢浮緼。 39. A. convenient B. easy C. hard D. difficult【解析】買一支你會喜歡的筆并不難，選difficult?！敬鸢浮緿。 40. A. heavy B. easy C. hard D. safe【解析】筆應(yīng)該拿在手中舒適，并好用。選easy。【答案】B。 41. A. taking B. finding C. determining D. seeking【解析】筆的粗細是決定舒適度的最重要的特征，選determining?！敬鸢浮緾。42. A. stronger B. weaker C. smaller D.1arger【解析】與上句中的“small hand”對應(yīng)，如果你的手大一點，選1arger?！敬鸢浮緿。 43. A. prefer B. recommend C. prepare D. demand【解析】如果你手大手指粗，就“更愿”要粗點的筆。選prefer?！敬鸢浮緼。 44. A. hardly B. also C. never D. still【解析】筆的長度也能影響舒適，選also?！敬鸢浮緽。 45. A. thick B. light C. long D. soft【解析】太長的筆會覺得頭重不穩(wěn)，選long?！敬鸢浮緾。46. A. change B. allow C. reduce D. press【解析】筆尖應(yīng)該讓墨水流暢，選allow?！敬鸢浮緽。 47. A They B. One C. This D. Some【解析】這會使你，選This?！敬鸢浮緾。48. A thin B. rough C. black D. smooth【解析】寫出一筆流利的字，選smooth?！敬鸢浮緿。49. A prevent B. free C. protect D. remove【解析】筆尖還應(yīng)該靈敏得能防止漏墨水，選prevent?！敬鸢浮緼。50. A way B. sight C. flow D. stream【解析】不阻擋墨水流動的筆尖可能漏墨水，選flow?！敬鸢浮緾。51. A so B. as C. and D. Yet【解析】當你提起筆又放下時，選as?！敬鸢浮緽。52. A Meanwhile B. Generally C. Afterwards D. Finally【解析】根據(jù)第二段首的First of all和第三段首的Then，最后該是Finally?！敬鸢浮緿。53. A show up B. differ from C. break down D. compensate for【解析】線條好的筆可彌補書法差，選compensate for?！敬鸢浮緿。 54. A attention B. support C. respect D. admission【解析】但在打印稿中，纖細精致的筆劃引不起注意，選attention?！敬鸢浮緼。55. A at most B. for example C. in brief D. on purpose【解析】例如，像打印信件上的簽名，選for example?！敬鸢浮緽。第三部分 閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AThe engineer Camillo Oliver was 40 years old when he started the company in 1908. At his factory in Ivrea, he designed and produced the first Italian typewriter. Today the companys head office s still in Ivrea58, near Turin, but the company is much larger than it was in those days and there are offices all around the world.By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company turned out 13,000 machines a year56. Some went to customers in Italy, but Olivetti exported more typewriters to other countries.Camillos son, Adriano, started working for the company in 1924 and later he became the boss. He introduced a standard speed for the production line and he employed technology and design specialists. The company developed new and better typewriters and then calculators(計算機). In 1959 it produced the ELEA computer system. This was the first mainframe（主機）computer designed and made in Italy.After Adriano died in 1960, the company had a period of financial problems57. Other companies, especially the Japanese, made faster progress in electronic technology than the Italian company. In 1978, Carlo de Benedetti became the new boss. Olivetti increased its marking and service networks and made agreements with other companies to design and produce more advanced office equipment. Soon it became one of the worlds leading companies in information technology and communications. There are now five independent companies in the Olivetti group58one for personal computers, one for Systems and services, and two for telecommunications.56. From the text we learn that _.A. by 1930 Olivetti produced 13,000 typewriters a yearB. Olivetti earned more in the 1960s than in the 1950sC. some of Olivettis 700 staff regularly visited customers in ItalyD. Olivetti set up offices in other countries from the very beginning 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段首句“By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company turned out 13,000 machines a year”,【答案】A。57. What was probably the direct result of Olivettis falling behind in electronic technology?A. Adrianos death. B. A period of financial problems.C. Its faster progress. D. Its agreements with other companies.【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段首句“After Adriano died in 1960, the company had a period of financial problems”，【答案】B。58. What do we know about Olivetti?A. It produced the best typewriter in the world.B. It designed the worlds first mainframe computer.C. It exported more typewriters than other companies.D. It has five independent companies with its head office in Ivrea.【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Today the companys head office s still in Ivrea”，以及本文末的“There are now five independent companies in the Olivetti group”，【答案】D。59. The best title for the text would be _.A. The Origin of Olivetti B. The Success of OlivettiC. The History of Olivetti D. The Production of Olivetti【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文中提到的“in 1908”、“ By 1930”、“ in 1924”、“ In 1959”和“ In 1978”等年份詞語，【答案】C。BHave you ever wondered?1. Why do airplanes take longer to fly west than east?It can take five hours to go west-east from New York (NY) to London but seven hours to travel east-west from London to NY. The reason for the difference is an atmospheric phenomenon known as the jet（噴射）stream60. The jet stream is a very high altitude wind which always blows from the west to the east across the Atlantic. The planes moving at a constant air speed thus go faster in the west-east direction when they are moving with the wind than in the opposite direction.2. What would happen if the gravity on Earth was suddenly turned off?Supposing we could magically turn off gravity. Would buildings and other structures（建筑物）float away? What happened would depend on how strongly the things were attached to the Earth. The Earth is moving at quite a speed, moving at over a thousand miles per hour. If you turn something around your head on a string（細繩）, it goes around in a circle until you let go of the string. Then it flies off in a straight line. Switching off gravity would be like letting go of the string. Things not attached to the Earth would fly off in a straight line62. People in buildings would suddenly shoot upwards at a great speed until they hit the ceiling. Most things outside would fly off into space61.60. What information can we get from the first passage?A. It is the jet stream that affects how fast airplanes fly.B. Planes go slower when they are moving with the wind.C. It takes more time to fly from NY to London than from London to NY.D. The jet stream always blows from the east to the west across the Atlantic.【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“The reason for the difference is an atmospheric phenomenon known as the jet（噴射）stream”，【答案】A。61. The word “shoot” underlined in the 2nd passage probably means “_”.A. send for B. move quicklyC. come out D. grow quickly【解析】詞義推測題。根據(jù)at a great speed以及上下文，shoot應(yīng)和其上文的fly off以及下文的fly off近義，【答案】B。62. It can be inferred that without gravity _.A. buildings and other structures would float away B. trees and buildings would not so easily fly off C. something around your head would not float awayD. everything outside buildings would fly off into space【解析】推斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Things not attached to the Earth would fly off in a straight line”，樹和建筑物是扎根在地里的，不易飛掉?！敬鸢浮緽。63. Where can we most probably read this text?A. In a research paper. B. In a short story.C. In a travel magazine. D. In a students book【解析】兩段文字的共同點是具有科普性，應(yīng)排除選項A、B和C?！敬鸢浮緿。CAmerican cities are similar to other cities around the world64: In every country, cities reflect the values of the culture. American cities are changing, just as American society is changing.After World War , the population of most large American cities decreased; however, the population in many Sun Belt cities increased. Los Angeles and Houston are cities where population shifts（轉(zhuǎn)移）to and from the city reflect the changing values of American society. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, city residents（居民）became wealthier. They had more children so they needed more space. They moved out of their apartments in the city to buy their own homes. They bought houses in the suburbs（郊區(qū)）65.Now things are changing. The children of the people who left the cities in the 1950s are now adults. Many, unlike their pare