Book1Module4Words 學(xué)案.doc

Word Study (Module 4,Book I)1.survey Vlook carefully at all of (sth/sb), esp from a distance 仔細(xì)全面地觀察（某物某人）survey the countryside from the top of a hill 從山頂上眺望郊野 study (and describe) the general condition of (sth) 全面研究（及論述）（某事物）: a speech in which she surveyed the international situation _.Of the five hundred householders surveyed, 40% had dishwashers. _. n . general view, examination or description 全面的觀察檢查或論述; 審視; 概觀; 概論: A quick survey of the street showed that no one was about._. a survey of the situation, subject 對(duì)情況 問(wèn)題的概括論述 a public opinion survey 民意調(diào)查 2 bother v sb (about/with sth) 打擾或煩擾某人; 給某人添麻煩: _? 對(duì)不起打擾一下, 請(qǐng)問(wèn)去車(chē)站怎麼走? Dont bother your father (about it) now; hes very tired._.Hes always bothering me to lend him money. 他老是鬧著要我借給他錢(qián).I, Tt take the time or trouble (to do sth) （為做某事物）費(fèi)工夫, 添麻煩: _. 他甚至連說(shuō)一聲謝謝都不肯. about sb/sth 關(guān)心某人某事物: Dont bother about us well join you later. 別惦記我們-我們不久就和你們?cè)谝黄鹆? cant be bothered (to do sth) 嫌麻煩而不為; 偷懶: The grass needs cutting but I cant be bothered to do it today. 草得剪一剪了, 但我今天卻懶得去做. He could produce excellent work but usually he cant be bothered._.n. 麻煩; 不便 Did you have much bother finding the house? 你找到這所房子費(fèi)勁嗎? Thanks for your help! It was no bother. 謝謝你的幫助! 沒(méi)什麼. _. 真抱歉給你添了這麼多的麻煩. a bother 惱人的事物; 討厭的事物: What a bother! Weve missed the bus. 真惱人! 我們誤了公共汽車(chē).bothersome adj 引起麻煩的; 令人厭煩的.3.approach I, Tn come near or nearer to (sb/sth) in space or time （在空間或時(shí)間上）接近, 靠近（某人某事物）: The time is approaching when we must think about buying a new house. _. As you approach the town the first building you see is the church. 接近那座城鎮(zhèn)的時(shí)候, 首先看到的就是教堂. _.我覺(jué)得他很難接近（不好談話）. begin to tackle (a task, problem, etc) 著手處理（事務(wù) 難題等）: Before trying to solve the puzzle, let us consider the best way to approach it. 要想解決這一難題, 咱們先來(lái)考慮一下如何著手方為上策.n Heavy footsteps signalled the teachers approach. 沉重的腳步聲顯示教師已經(jīng)走近了. At her approach the children ran off. 她走近的時(shí)候, 孩子們都跑了. to sth 性質(zhì)或特點(diǎn)相似的事物: Thats the nearest approach to a smile he ever makes. 那已算是他能做出的最近乎微笑的表示了. 通路; 進(jìn)路; 道路: _. 通往宮殿的所有道路都有部隊(duì)把守. 方法; 手段: a new approach to language teaching 語(yǔ)言教學(xué)的新方法. approachable adj（指人或物）可接近的 : The village is only approachable from the south. 這個(gè)村子只有從南邊才能到達(dá). approachability n U.4.starve v （使人或動(dòng)物）挨餓, 餓死: Thousands of cattle are starving. 成千上萬(wàn)的牛正在挨餓. starve to death 餓死 Shes starving herself to try to lose weight._. for sth; sb of sth （使某人）得不到某事物而受苦或渴望獲得某事物; 缺乏: children starving for/starved of affection 渴望受人疼愛(ài)的孩子(口僅用於進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)) 感覺(jué)很餓: _. 晚飯吃什麼? 我餓極了! starve sb into sth/doing sth 使某人挨餓以迫其做某事: starved into surrender/surrendering 餓得只好投降. starve sb out (of sth)將某人餓得從隱藏處出來(lái): It took 8 days to starve them out (of the building). 用了8天時(shí)間才把他們餓得（從那座建筑物里）出來(lái)了. starvationn U die of starvation餓死 a starvation diet,僅夠存活的日常飲食.5.employ sb (in/on sth); sb (as sth) 雇用某人: _. 她現(xiàn)在已半年沒(méi)有工作了. Shes employed as a taxi driver. 她受雇任計(jì)程車(chē)司機(jī). They employed him to look after the baby. 他們聘請(qǐng)他照料嬰兒. sb/sth (in/on sth); sth (as sth)使用某人某事物; 利用（時(shí)間 注意力等）: You could employ your spare time better. 你可以把閑暇時(shí)間利用得好些. employ n U 服務(wù); 工作; 職業(yè); 雇用; 受雇: I left their employ after an argument. 我與他們爭(zhēng)吵之後就辭掉了工作. _? 你雇用她多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了?employable 可雇用; 可使用.employee n person who works for sb or for a company in return for wages 受雇者; 雇工; 雇員: employer n person or company that employs others 雇用者; 雇主:6.exchange 1 n 交換; 互換; 交流; 交易; 調(diào)換; 更換: Is five apples for five eggs a fair exchange? 用五個(gè)蘋(píng)果換五個(gè)雞蛋公平嗎? Hes giving her French lessons in exchange for her teaching him English. _. U 兌換; 兌換率: What is the rate of exchange between the dollar and the pound? 美元和英鎊之間的兌換率是多少?（不同國(guó)家的團(tuán)體或人, 常為青年之間的）互訪, 交流:exchange students 互派的留學(xué)生 exchange visits 兩國(guó)間的互訪 _. 她是出國(guó)的交流教師.v A for B; sth (with sb)交換; 互換; 調(diào)換; 更換: _. 他把藍(lán)毛衣?lián)Q成了紅的. exchange (angry, etc) words 爭(zhēng)吵; 爭(zhēng)論: They exchanged angry words before the meeting but were finally persuaded to agree. 他們?cè)跁?huì)議前爭(zhēng)吵起來(lái), 經(jīng)勸說(shuō)最後言歸於好. exchangeable可交換的; 可更換的; 可兌換的: Sale goods in this shop are not exchangeable. 本店貨物售出概不退換.7.afford v (通常與can could或be able to連用)為（某目的）有足夠的錢(qián) 時(shí)間 地方等: _. 他們因?yàn)樽黄鹩?jì)程車(chē)而步行. Id love to go on holiday but I cant afford the time._. We would give more examples if we could afford the space. 假如我們能勻出篇幅來(lái), 就可以多舉些例子了. I mustnt annoy my boss because I cant afford to lose my job,_. sth (to sb) 供給某事物; 給予某事物: The tree afforded (us) welcome shade. 這棵樹(shù)下好乘涼. Television affords pleasure to many. 電視給很多人帶來(lái)樂(lè)趣.8.survive v (from sth); (on sth) 繼續(xù)生存或存在: the last surviving member of the family 這家唯一活著的人 Of the six people in the plane that crashed, only one survived._. Many strange customs have survived from earlier times. 有許多古怪的習(xí)俗源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng).經(jīng)歷（某事物）幸存survive an earthquake, shipwreck, etc 經(jīng)歷地震 沉船等而死里逃生 The plants may not survive the frost. 這些植物不經(jīng)凍. 比（某人）長(zhǎng)命: The old lady has survived all her children. _. survivor n 9.contact n. U (with sb/sth) (a) state of touching (used esp with the vs shown) 接觸（尤與下列示例中動(dòng)詞連用）: His hand came into contact with a hot surface. 他的手觸到熱物體的表面.The troops came into contact with the enemy. 部隊(duì)已與敵人交鋒（遭遇） 通訊; 聯(lián)系; 交往: in constant radio/telephone contact (with sb) （與某人）經(jīng)常保持無(wú)線電電話聯(lián)系 _. 她跟兒子失去了聯(lián)系.make contact (with sb/sth)與某人某事物交談 會(huì)晤或取得聯(lián)系: They made contact with headquarters by radio. 他們用無(wú)線電跟總部聯(lián)絡(luò)上 了. _. 我終於在巴黎同她取得了聯(lián)系. （用電話 無(wú)線電 書(shū)信等與某人某事物）聯(lián)系; 與.來(lái)往: _? 明天我在哪里能跟你聯(lián)系?How to master English?Different people have different views on this question. As for me, I think in order to master English well and not to be a slave of English, wed better do as follows: First of all, reciting more .This is the most important in studying English. There is a good saying goes that “Your boss is your boss just because he(she ) has a large vocabulary than you have”, that is to say, to recite more in studying English is a good way of making yourself more excellent than others. Then, what to recite?(1)a large vocabulary of about 10000 words (2)at least 1000 useful phrases (3)beautiful sentences you come across in studying English. What we should recite including but not limited to the above three and of course the more the better. Second, practicing more. A best way to master English is to use it daily. I practice my oral English for about an hour almost everyday and my oral English becomes excellent as time goes by. The beautiful sentences you co