英語(yǔ)句子成分講解清晰版PPT課件

.,1,一、介紹與其重要性,句子是寫(xiě)作的基本單位，只有寫(xiě)好句子才有可能寫(xiě)好文章。英語(yǔ)的句子成分有八種：,主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。,學(xué)會(huì)判斷句子成分對(duì)以后學(xué)習(xí)難句奠定了基礎(chǔ)。英語(yǔ)句子的構(gòu)成也有其特定的規(guī)律，掌握了句子的基本句型、常見(jiàn)句式和詞語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣搭配，就能寫(xiě)出完整、正確的句子。,.,2,句子成分詳解表,.,3,英語(yǔ)的句子成分：,一）主語(yǔ)：Wallshaveears.Hewilltakeyoutothehospital.Threeplusfourequalsseven.Toseeistobelieve.Smokingisnotallowedinpublicplaces.Whetherornottheywillcomedependsontheweather.二）謂語(yǔ)由_擔(dān)任。助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加其他動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式也構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。Actionspeakslouderthanwords.Thechancemaynevercomeagain.Maryhasbeenworkingatthedressshopsince1994.,動(dòng)詞/動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),名詞,代詞,數(shù)詞,todo不定式,doing動(dòng)名詞,句子,.,4,Myfatherisaprofessor.Whosthat?Itsme.Everythinghereisexpensive.Thematchbecameveryexciting.Thestoryofmylifemaybeofhelptoothers.Threetimesfiveisfifteen.Hisplanistoseekworkinthecity.Myfirstideawasthatyoushouldhideyourfeelings.,三）表語(yǔ)它的位置在_之后。是用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的_,_,_的.,系動(dòng)詞、連系動(dòng)詞,性質(zhì),特征,狀態(tài),名詞n,代詞pron,形容詞adj,adj,介詞短語(yǔ),數(shù)詞,todo不定式,句子,.,5,（四）賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象，是動(dòng)作的承受者。賓語(yǔ)一般放在_之后。_詞后也會(huì)跟賓語(yǔ)。,Shecoveredherfacewithherhands.Wehaventseenherforalongtime.Doyoumindopeningthewindow?Givemefourplease.Hewantstodreamanicedream.Weneedknowwhatothersaredoing.Weshouldcaremoreaboutourfriends.,動(dòng)詞/動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),介詞,名詞n,代詞pron,動(dòng)名詞,代詞和數(shù)詞,todo不定式,句子,介詞+名詞,.,6,（五）定語(yǔ)是修飾_詞.單詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)通常放在它所修飾的名詞之_；短語(yǔ)和從句作定語(yǔ)時(shí)則放在它所修飾的名詞之_。,Theyarewomanworkers.Tomsfatherdidntwritehomeuntilyesterday.Maryisabeautifulgirl.Theplayhasthreeacts.ThisisherfirsttriptoEurope.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Ihavenothingtoeat.ThosewhowanttogotoTibetaretosigntheirnameshere.,名,前,后,名詞,名詞所有格,形容詞adj,數(shù)詞,形容詞/序數(shù)詞/todo不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞doing,todo不定式,從句,.,7,六）狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)表示地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、伴隨情況等。,Thebestfishswimnearthebottom.Ileftthevillagefiveyearsago.Iarrivedlatebecauseofthetrafficjam.Wellsendacartofetchyou.Thefishcaneatapersonintwominutes,leavingonlybonesThestudentscameintotheclassroom,singinganddancing.Ifhegoes,sowillI.Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.,地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),原因狀語(yǔ),目的狀語(yǔ),結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),伴隨狀語(yǔ),條件狀語(yǔ),讓步狀語(yǔ),.,8,七）賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。英語(yǔ)有些及物動(dòng)詞，除了要有賓語(yǔ)之外，還要加上賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，才能使句子的意義完整。,Theyelectedmecaptainoftheteam.Wetrytomakeourcountrystrong.Wefoundeverythingingoodorderthere.Ishouldadviseyoutogetthechance.Isawhimgoingupstairs.Theyfoundthehousebrokenin.,名詞,形容詞,介詞短語(yǔ),todo不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞doing,done過(guò)去分詞,賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),.,9,八）主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)如果上述結(jié)構(gòu)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，原賓語(yǔ)成為主語(yǔ)，原賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)相應(yīng)地變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),Iwaselectedcaptainoftheteam.Ourcountrywillbemadestrong.,與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一樣,.,10,口訣記憶,主謂賓表定狀補(bǔ)，解釋說(shuō)明同位語(yǔ)。句子主干主謂賓（表），輔助成分定狀補(bǔ)。定語(yǔ)修飾名詞代，狀修動(dòng)詞還有副。主謂人稱(chēng)數(shù)一致，賓語(yǔ)之后常有補(bǔ)。,.,11,二.五種簡(jiǎn)單句基本句型,主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞,系動(dòng)詞,不及物動(dòng)詞,及物動(dòng)詞,主語(yǔ)+系+表語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ),.,12,1）Ourcityisatthecrossingofsomeimportantrailways.主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)2）Thecitywillbecomerich.主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)在這類(lèi)結(jié)構(gòu)中最常用的系動(dòng)詞是：“變化”類(lèi)：_.“感官”類(lèi):_.“持續(xù)”類(lèi)：_.其他：（似乎）_(證明是)_,get/become/turn/grow/go,taste/smell/feel/look/sound,stay/keep/remain,Seemappear,turnout/prove(tobe),1主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ),.,13,Exercises,你的故事聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有趣。_.把魚(yú)放在冰箱里，否則它會(huì)變壞的。_.這種炎熱的天氣將會(huì)保持幾天。_.這個(gè)計(jì)劃證明是可行的。_.,Youstorysoundedveryinteresting.,Putthefishintofridge,ortheywillgobad.,Thehotdaywillremain/stay/keepafewdays.,Theplanturnedout/proved（tobe)practical.,.,14,2主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ),1）Buildinghasstarted.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)2）Thetrainleavesat7:40.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)_搭配：Theteacherteacheswell.Thechildwalksveryslowly._搭配：Thegirllookedatthepicture.Thechildrenrantotheforest.,動(dòng)詞副詞,動(dòng)詞介詞,.,15,Exercise,我每天起的很早，走到小花園，坐在凳子上。_,EverydayIgetupearly,walktotheparkandsitonthebench.,.,16,3主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ),Thebossemployedfivemoreworkers.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Fewstudentsliketakingexams.Heforgottoclosethedoor.IhopeIcanspeakEnglishfluently.,.,17,Exercise,他因?yàn)檐?chē)子開(kāi)得太快而違反了交通規(guī)則。_.他拿出一瓶啤酒，很快將其喝光。_.他許諾給我一個(gè)禮物。_.,Hedrovesofastthathebrokethetrafficrules.,Hetookoutabeeranddrankitupquickly.,Hepromisedtogivemeagift.,.,18,4主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ),1）Hehasfetchedussomenewtextbooks.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)間接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)2）Grandmacookedusanicemeal.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)間接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)3）Themantoldthegirlthathewantstotestherthesubject.4）TheboyaskedmeifIcouldspeakChinese.,.,19,可接雙賓語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有：ask,answer,give,offer,send,bring,pass,tell,show,teach,promise,順便問(wèn)一下，她把錢(qián)付給你了嗎？_.下學(xué)期誰(shuí)教你們生物？_.Mr.White告訴我為什么他要出國(guó)。_.,Bytheway,hasshepaidyoumoney?,Whowillteachyoubiology?,Mr.Whitetoldmewhyhewentabroad.,.,20,5主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),1）Thevillagersdidntallowthemtodothis.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)2）Iwillkeeptheboxintheshade.3）Wefou