中國文化概論期末復習題

裝訂線中國文化概論復習（英文）Part I Multiple Choice 1. Zi Lu, Ran You and Gongxi Chi aspirations represent_, while Zeng Dians reflects_. A. personal ambition; selfishness B. lofty ideals; meaningless pursuit C. personal struggle; generous contribution D. individual contribution to society; harmony4. How is the “energy” of “one-stroke character” achieved?A. By pressing the brush harderB. By writing the character with only one stroke.C. By writing the strokes at one go.D. By connecting the strokes in the interior.5. How was Chinese calligraphy displayed by Lin Huaimin? A. By dance B. By script C. By music D. By brush6. The winding path in the gardens reflects the Chinese philosophy of being _.A. unrefined未提煉的 B. irresistible 不可抵抗的 C. uninhibited 無拘束的 D. reserved7. What can we learn about Peking Opera through the saying “watching a play is watching famous actors?” A. The viewers go to the theatre to see the actors instead of the play. B. The famous actors are good-looking and perform well. C. The actors are good at all the four basic aspects of Peking Opera. D. The performances of the actors are as important as the play itself.8. According to Sunzi, the strategy of the level in a war is to_. A. use different strategies B. frustrate the diplomacy of the enemy C. attack the army of the enemy D attack the city of the enemy 10. Which of the following is irrelevant to the pictographic symbols of Chinese characters? A. Aspiration B. Imagination C. Creativity D. Allusion Part II True or False Answers _T_ According to Laozis philosophy of naturalness, man should not attempt to manipulate nature._F_ The driving force for building the Great Wall is to protect the lives and peace from wars._F Guanyin or the Goddess of mercy, known also as the Bodhisatva, is the founder of Buddhism._T_ The names of some Chinese dishes cannot be understood literally._T_ According to ancient Chinese people, music could not only cultivate peoples mind, but also help govern the county.Part III Fill in the Blanks 1. _CPG_, the Central Peoples Government, is the highest state administrative body, which carries out the laws enacted and decisions adopted by the NPC and its Standing Committee.2. In China, the education is divided into three categories: basic education, _higher_and adult education.5. After he had visited various mountains in China, the great Ming Dynasty Chinese geographer and traveler, _XuXiaKe_, said of it: I find it no longer worth my while to look at a mountain after visiting the five sacred mountains. No longer do I find it worth my while to look at the sacred five after returning from Huangshan.Questions名詞解釋1.What is Confucius view on Heaven? Confucius regarded Heaven as nature.2.What are the most important traditional holidays in China?Spring Festival.3. What legend do you know about the Mid-Autumn Festival?Chang Er Flies to the Moon4.How is tea related to the Chinese way of life? 5.What is the cultural significance of the Moon Cake and Yuan Xiao? 6.What contribution did Bruce Lee make to Chinese martial arts? His superb kung fu popularized throughout the world and he became the embodiment of Chinese martial arts.7.What do you think is the function of Wushu in the modern society?To exercise and keep fit.8.How do Chinese food and drinks reflect and influence Chinese way of life?9.What are the four masterpieces of the Chinese novel? Water Margin, Journey to The West, Dream of the Red Mansions, Romance of the Three Kindoms.10.What are the commonly used methods of treatment in traditional Chinese medicine? Acupuncture, Herbal Medicine, Qi Gong11.What are the five fundamental components of the universe according to traditional Chinese medicine and philosophy? Fire, Earth, Metal, Water, Wood12.What are the Four Great Inventions of ancient China? Papermaking, gunpowder, printing and the compass13.What are the most famous representatives of Chinese residences? Beijings siheyuan, Fujians HaKa group houses, cave dwellings in northern Shanxi and ganlan in Guangxi. 14.What is the major difference between the imperial garden and the private garden?15.What is the major difference between the general layout of Chinese gardens and European gardens?There are usually sculptures in a European garden instead of rock formations in a Chinese-style garden. 16.Why does Beijing Opera enjoy the most special reputation throughout the world?17.What were the benefits of constructing the Great Wall? What were the costs? Do you think the benefits and costs of building the Great Wall balanced out? Explain.(1)Military defense in the age of cold steel. (2).Protection for the southerners from being attacked by the northerners18.What traits do you find prevailing among the Chinese people?19.Can you give a brief account of the philosophies of Confucious, Mencious, Laozi and Zhuangzi? In what ways are they alike and in what ways are they different?Reading comprehension 排序A) The theme is to celebrate the festive spirit and worldly commotion at the Qingming Festival, rather than the holidays ceremonial aspects, such as tomb sweeping and prayers.B) It offers glimpses of clothing and architecture of that period.C) A Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is the title of several panoramic paintings; the original version is generally attributed to the Song Dynasty artist Zhang Zeduan.D) The entire piece was painted in hand scroll format and it displays the lifestyle of all walks of life from rich to poor as well as different economic activities in rural areas and the city.E) It captures the daily life of people at the capital, Bianjing (todays Kaifeng) during the Northern Song period.F) The painting is famous for its geometrically accurate images of boats, bridges, shops, and scenery.G) As an artistic creation, the piece has been revered and court artists of subsequent dynasties have made several replicas.H) Because of its fame, it has been called “Chinas Mona Lisa”.2. The following is a passage on Tang poems. The underlined sentence is taken from the passage. Choose the best place where the sentence could be put from A, B, C and D.Tang poems in particular remain the most popular out of every historical era of China.The Tang period is a golden age of Chinese literature and art. There are over 48, 900 poems penned by some 2,200 Tang authors that have been popular until modern times. A Perfecting ones skills in the poem writing became a required study for those wishing to pass imperial examinations. Poetry was also heavily competitive, and poetry contests amongst distinguished guests at banquets and gatherings of social elite were common in the Tang period. Poetry styles popular in the Tang included gushi and jintishi, with the renowned Tang poet Li Bai (701-761) and Cui Hao (704-754) famous for their use of the latter. B Jintishi poetry, or regulated verse, is in the form of eight-line stanzas or seven characters per line with a fixed pattern of tones that required the second and third couplets to be antithetical (although the antithesis is often lost in translation to other languages). C This great emulation (仿效) of Tang era poetry began in the Song dynasty; during that period, Yan Yu (嚴羽) asserted that he was the first to designate the poetry of the Glorious Age of Tang Dynasty (c. 713-766) as the orthodox (正統(tǒng)的) material with “canonical (典范的) status within the classical poetic tradition”. D Yan Yu reserved the position of highest laurel of all Tang poets for Du Fu (712-770), who was not viewed as such in his own era, and was branded by his peers as an anti-traditional poet. The best place is_.Translation 46. 己所不欲, 勿施于人。Do not do toward others anything you would not want to be done to you.47上善若水。 The greatest virtue is like water.48. 生生之謂易。 Continuous creation of life is change.49. 有朋自遠方來，不亦樂乎？ Is it not pleasant to have friends coming from faraway places? 50. 酒香不怕巷子深。 Good wine needs no bush.51. 三分醫(yī)，七分防。 One-third of doctors, seven support.52. 知己知彼，百戰(zhàn)不殆。 One can fight and win a hundred wars if one knows both oneself and the enemy 53. 開門七件事：柴米油鹽醬醋茶。 Firewood, rice, oil, salt, sauce, vinegar