《公路施工新技術(shù)》PPT課件.ppt

1、公路施工新技術(shù),2004年12月,施工過程,施工過程新技術(shù),自檢碾壓機(jī) 移動(dòng)式拌和樓 紅外線攝影機(jī) 混合料傳送機(jī),不均勻密度的影響,同壓密不夠類似 增加剝落與水損 減少疲勞壽命 增加空隙率1%將至少減少10%的壽命,不均勻密度的位置,溫差超過14C 空隙率增加2%,材料傳遞機(jī),材料傳遞機(jī) 拌和葉片,攤鋪之前的 再拌和,施工工藝自動(dòng)化,計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)應(yīng)用 衛(wèi)星和激光定位技術(shù) 遙控技術(shù) 圖控技術(shù) 機(jī)器眼技術(shù) 動(dòng)態(tài)反饋和傳感技術(shù) 人機(jī)對(duì)話技術(shù),衛(wèi)星定位技術(shù),激光定位技術(shù),遙控技術(shù),遙控挖掘裝載機(jī),碾壓自動(dòng)化,多臺(tái)碾壓機(jī)碾壓自動(dòng)化,機(jī)器眼探測(cè)裂縫,機(jī)器眼安裝路面標(biāo)記,自動(dòng)封縫機(jī),圖控技術(shù),人機(jī)對(duì)話,遙控管

2、涵安裝機(jī),遙控挖掘裝載機(jī),橋梁除漆機(jī)器人,自動(dòng)掃雪灑鹽機(jī),路面新技術(shù),超級(jí)性能路面 瑪蹄脂瀝青碎石混凝土路面 永久路面,混合料主要特點(diǎn),嚴(yán)格的材料選擇,旋轉(zhuǎn)壓密機(jī)和體積比設(shè)計(jì),瀝青性能分級(jí),以天氣為基礎(chǔ),PG 64-22,Performance Grade,Average 7-day max pavement design temp,Min pavement design temp,The lower the number, the more resistant to thermal cracking.,PG- 22 - 28 -34,集料特性,基本特性 要求 coarse aggregate

3、 angularity (CAA) fine aggregate angularity (FAA) flat, elongated particles (F & E) clay content (SE) 來源特性 選擇 toughness soundness deleterious materials polish values,100,0,.075.3 2.36 4.759.512.5 19.0,Percent Passing,Sieve Size (mm) Raised to 0.45 Power,級(jí)配,控制點(diǎn),100,0,.075.3 2.36 4.759.512.5 19.0,Perc

4、ent Passing,control point,restricted zone,max density line,max size,nom max size,Sieve Size (mm) Raised to 0.45 Power,Marshall Method,19.0 mm,25.0 mm,37.5 mm,9.5 mm,4.75 mm,12.5 mm,AGGREGATE GRADATION Nominal Size: 19.0 mm SMA & 19.0 mm Superpave,Percent Passing,SMA,Superpave,19.0 mm Superpave,Inser

5、t I-70,I-70 Ndesign - 96 19.0 mm SMAVTM - 4.3,AGGREGATE GRADATION Nominal Size: 12.5 mm SMA & 12.5 mm Superpave,SMA,Superpave,I-8312.5 mm PG 70-22 Binder,First 12.5 mm SMA,I-68,熱壓密和緊跟攤鋪機(jī)!,特性比較,Rut Resistant Durable Skid Resistant Reduced Spray Reduced Hydroplaning Reduced Sound,SuperpaveSMA,Decision

6、 Points for using SMA as the Surface Layer, 2000 ESALs per day 55 mph,永久路面路面設(shè)計(jì)概念,永久路面路面設(shè)計(jì)概念,抗疲勞瀝青基層：通過厚度使拉應(yīng)變最小,永久路面路面設(shè)計(jì)概念,抗車轍上面層,集料顆粒摩擦互鎖： 軋制和粗顆粒 瀝青膠結(jié)料： 高溫性能和改性 空隙率： 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)4%-6%,永久路面路面設(shè)計(jì)概念,抗車轍上面層車轍試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證 現(xiàn)場(chǎng) 加速試驗(yàn),上開裂,華盛頓州永久路面,州際高速公路90號(hào) 47% 沒有破壞 27-33年；路面24公分；第一次罩面12年；第二次罩面13年。,厚度比較,性能試驗(yàn),車轍儀,車轍儀試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,路面噪音,FH

7、WA - Noise Abatement Criteria 67 dB(A) “this is not an absolute value or design standard, only a level where noise mitigation must be considered”,The Decibel Scale,Hearing Threshold,Conversation,Pain Threshold,Discomfort,The Decibel Scale,Increasing the decibel level by 10 doubles the noise intensit

8、y!,Conversation,Train,Chain Saw,隔音墻,Effective only for those in line-of-sight.,Do not reduce noise at source.,Effectiveness must justify expense. Cases: I-40, Knoxville: $25,000/home I-285, Atlanta: Requirements of 69 dB(A) and 67dB(A), 5dB(A) Nationwide (FHWA, 1998): $1M/mile,隔音墻,Conclusions, “In g

9、eneral, when dense-graded asphalt and PCC pavements are compared, the dense-graded is quieter by 2 to 3 dB(A)”,路面微觀構(gòu)造,67 dB(A),15 m,The Decibel Scale,A reduction of 3 dB(A) is like doubling the distance from the noise.,67 dB(A),30 m,- 3 dB(A) = 64 dB(A),Conclusions: “In general, when dense-graded as

10、phalt and PCC pavements are compared,the dense-graded is quieter by 2 to 3 dB(A)”,A 3dB(A) reduction corresponds to: - doubling the distance - reducing traffic volume by 50% - reducing traffic speed by 25%,Conclusions: “Open-graded asphalt shows the greatest potential for noise reduction for passby

11、noise. Reduction when compared to dense-graded asphalt ranged from 1 to 9 dB(A).”,A 9dB(A) reduction corresponds to: - a reduction in traffic noise by almost 50%!,OGFCsReduce Noise and Improve Visibility,Noise ReductionOpen vs Dense Graded Mixes,Source: NCHRP 284,DOTs indicate a strong need for pave

12、ment noise control strategies. Proper selection of pavement surface is the best method to reduce noise from pavement/tire interactions.,What Can Be Done?,OGFC is the quietest surface type. (Wayson, NCHRP Synthesis 268) SMA has also proven to be a quiet surface. (Wisconsin DOT, 1993) Dense graded HMA

13、 surfaces are quieter than PCC pavements.(Hibbs and Larson, Report FHWA-SA-96-068, May 1996),Effect of Pavement Surface,Noise Makes News!,Families Near I-275 is lobbying the Michigan DOT for sound abatement. In 1999, MDOT rebuilt I-275 with concrete. Residents contend the project has increase noise

14、levels. Levels have been registered upwards of 90 decibels. Steve Phillips of Berkshire, England-based TRL Limited spoke about Englands 10-year plan to install quieter surfaces on 60% of main trunk roads. The surfaces will be SMA or OGFC.,Summary,Highway noise is important to the public. Small changes in dB level are noticeable. Decrease of 9 dB(A) reduces noise by 50% Decrease of 3 dB(A) is like doubling distance,Summary,Noise walls can work, but: They are expensive. They dont work in all types