高考英語作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)-解析

1、高考英語作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一、各檔次的給分范圍和要求詳情請看考試說明細(xì)則。二、平時(shí)作文應(yīng)注意：1、不要出現(xiàn)空白卷或抄襲現(xiàn)象，背誦一些常見作文模板和句式或運(yùn)用自己的語言老老實(shí)實(shí)地翻譯出幾句有效信息，就不難得到5-10分。2、文章層次一定要分明，常分3-4段。不分段者最高分只能及格。3、文章超出作答邊框者，最高得分只能及格。4、格式不對或離題者最高只能及格。5、書寫工整，如有改動(dòng)，所改單詞一條斜線劃掉，不要涂成一團(tuán)。改動(dòng)不超過3次。高考英語作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)解讀一、如何理解“應(yīng)用了較多的詞匯”這里所說的“詞匯”，可以從高級(jí)詞匯的使用、同義詞的使用、短語的使用等方面去理解：（一） 高級(jí)詞匯的使用高級(jí)詞匯，指的是

2、大綱中沒有列入或沒有識(shí)記要求，但在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中卻出現(xiàn)比較頻繁的詞匯，比如frustration, awkward, awfully, concern等詞，都可以算作是“高級(jí)詞匯”。考生若能夠適當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用一些高級(jí)詞匯，定會(huì)給評(píng)卷老師留下深刻的印象。1.I cant find any way to solve the problem. (換作高級(jí)詞匯：I cant find any solution to the problem.)2.The pet dog is so lovely that almost everybody likes her. (換作高級(jí)詞匯：The pet dog is so

3、cute that almost everybody likes her.)3.The question is really difficult to understand. (換作高級(jí)詞匯：The question is really confusing.)4.He had to face all the possible difficulties. (換作高級(jí)詞匯：He had to cope with all the possible difficulties)（二）同義詞的使用 英語中有些高頻詞，比如interesting, clever等，在表達(dá)時(shí)大家都很喜歡用，但這樣文章入千人一面

4、。如果我們能夠使用它們相應(yīng)的同義詞，就可以做到與眾不同，給評(píng)卷者帶來清新的感覺。例如：1.It will be very interesting. (換作同義詞：It will be a lot of fun.)2.He was so clever that he could count all the way up to 100 at one year old.( 換作同義詞：He was so smart that he could count all the way up to 100 at one year old.)3.Last summer I visited New Jersey

5、 with my parents. (換作同義詞：Last summer I toured New Jersey with my parents.)（三）適當(dāng)利用短語取代單詞 總體而言，使用短語的難度比單詞要大一些，因此適當(dāng)運(yùn)用短語更能顯出作者的功力。例如：1.Suddenly I had a good idea. (換作短語：Suddenly I came up with a good idea.)2.Take a moment to see what is happening around you. (換作短語：Take a moment to see what is going on a

6、round you.)3.Everyone should do his or her best. (換作短語：Everyone is supposed to do his or her best.)二、如何理解“應(yīng)用了較多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)”固定句式（如感嘆句、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型等）、定語從句、現(xiàn)在分詞短語等都屬于較復(fù)雜的語法結(jié)構(gòu)。這些結(jié)構(gòu)的正確使用，可以使文章的語言充滿層次感，從而較好地反映寫作者的語言運(yùn)用能力。（一）使用固定句式1.She was robbed of her purse but she had no time to call for help.(使用before one can d

7、o sth.結(jié)構(gòu)：She was robbed of her purse before she could call for help.)2.The environment will never improve until everybody takes care of it. (使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)：Not until everybody takes care of it will the environment improve.)（二）使用現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)可以表達(dá)伴隨、原因等狀語，因此幾乎在任何文章中都可以用得上?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語可以使句子的表達(dá)更加簡潔、生動(dòng)，而且也使前后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作的銜接更加緊

8、密。例如：1.Nowadays, we can easily travel from one place to another and this bridges the gap among different races or cultures. (換作現(xiàn)在分詞短語：Nowadays, we can easily travel from one place to another, thus bridging the gap among different race or cultures.)2.People worked together on the assembly line.(換作現(xiàn)在分

9、詞短語：People worked together on the assembly line, moving quickly and efficiently.)（三）使用定語從句定語從句的使用，不僅能使上下文更加流暢，也同時(shí)能充分展示寫作者運(yùn)用較復(fù)雜的語法結(jié)構(gòu)的能力。如：1.My favorite living writer is Roddy Doyle. I think he is a genius. (使用定語從句：My favorite living writer is Roddy Doyle, who I think is a genius.)2.My aunt bought me

10、a book. The title of the book is All about USA. (使用定語從句：My aunt bought me a book, whose title is All about the USA.)三、如何理解“上下文的連貫性”連貫性，就是指通過連接詞（包括并列連詞，從屬連詞和連接性副詞）、非謂語動(dòng)詞短語等語法成分，使兩個(gè)或多個(gè)意義相互關(guān)聯(lián)的事情或觀點(diǎn)在同一個(gè)句子內(nèi)得以表達(dá)，從而使整個(gè)段落或篇章渾然一體，連貫流暢。(一) 連接性副詞連接性副詞也被稱為過渡詞。它們的位置一般以句首居多。連接性副詞承上啟下，能夠令讀者對后續(xù)的句子產(chǎn)生心理上的期待和準(zhǔn)備，因此整個(gè)篇章

11、會(huì)因它們而緊湊連貫。常見的連接性副詞有：also, furthermore, in addition, additionally, hopefully, meanwhile, however, instead, in other words, in brief, in a word, in my opinion, on the whole等等。例如： 1.We have many things to do. We believe we can finish before the day is over. (使用連接性副詞：We have quite a lot to do. Hopefully

12、, we will be able to finish before the day is over.) 2.The boy comes from a poor family. The boy does very well in his studies. The boy plans to work his way through college. (使用連接性副詞：Even though he comes from a poor family, the boy does very well in his studies; furthermore, he plans to work his wa

13、y through college.)(二) 使用從屬連詞 常見的從屬連詞有after, as, when, while, as long as, as soon as等。例如： 1.You work hard and never give up. You will succeed in your studies. (使用從屬連詞：So long as you work hard, you will succeed in your studies.) 2.The teacher came in. the students were quiet. (使用從屬連詞：The students wer

14、e quiet as soon as the teacher came in.)高考英語閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與評(píng)分細(xì)則一、 閱卷細(xì)節(jié)與應(yīng)對策略：1、閱卷速度以秒計(jì)，答題還需有技巧高考閱卷時(shí)間緊，任務(wù)重，閱卷進(jìn)度要求非?？?，評(píng)一份作文時(shí)間以秒計(jì)算。應(yīng)對策略：面對如此閱卷速度，考生在寫作時(shí)就要有技巧，盡可能博得評(píng)卷老師的好感。卷面要整潔，字跡要工整，段落要清楚。如果書寫模糊，涂改很多，會(huì)造成難以辨認(rèn)，得到比較低的分值。2、閱卷老師抓要點(diǎn)成閱卷關(guān)鍵只有按參考答案的要點(diǎn)答題才給分，因此，閱卷過程中，許多老師實(shí)際上就是對某幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行掃描，從而在部分程度上忽略了對句子的質(zhì)量的要求。應(yīng)對策略：答題時(shí)，不論寫長寫短，

15、首先要找準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)，把作文的關(guān)鍵段落、關(guān)鍵詞寫出來，第二步才考慮句子的質(zhì)量，盡可能表述清晰。這樣，不論你怎么答題都不用擔(dān)心失分過多。3、閱卷老師往往只盯住考生錯(cuò)誤的數(shù)量除了要點(diǎn)之外，評(píng)卷者還要看看答題的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確，句子表達(dá)是否準(zhǔn)確，尤其是在瀏覽過程中所遇到的閱讀障礙，也就是說語言表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤，如詞匯錯(cuò)誤、語法錯(cuò)誤等等。根據(jù)考生出錯(cuò)的數(shù)量結(jié)合要點(diǎn)表述確定其所屬檔次。雖然有些錯(cuò)誤被界定為小錯(cuò)誤，卻能影響得分檔次。如：有的考生在作文中相同的單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤有多處，有的甚至達(dá)到十幾處，雖然高考評(píng)分細(xì)則規(guī)定：相同的單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤不累計(jì)扣分，但是多次的拼寫錯(cuò)誤導(dǎo)致文章給人的整體印象不好，因而文章的得分肯定會(huì)受影響

16、。 應(yīng)對策略：答題紙的書寫一定要求規(guī)范、認(rèn)真，特別是字體大小、行間距的設(shè)計(jì)要求合理。字體、行間距太小，試卷掃描出來以后基本看不清楚，很容易造成失分。4、評(píng)卷老師喜歡條理分明的卷子評(píng)卷老師每天的工作量非常巨大，幾秒鐘就能翻閱一份卷子，每份卷子光點(diǎn)鼠標(biāo)就需要四五下，十分辛苦，一天下來手指發(fā)麻、眼睛發(fā)澀、頭昏腦脹，如果遇到的是字跡清晰、思路條理的卷子，無疑會(huì)給評(píng)卷老師一份好感，即使有問題也都盡量少扣分。如果遇到的是字跡潦草模糊、思路不清晰的卷子，無疑會(huì)給讓評(píng)卷老師失去耐心，狠狠扣分。應(yīng)對策略：答卷時(shí)一定要注意條理分明，字跡清晰，讓人一目了然。有些考生害怕答題不能抓住采分點(diǎn)，不分重點(diǎn)啰嗦一大堆，這種做

17、法反而會(huì)影響閱卷人員的閱題速度，給尋找關(guān)鍵詞帶來困難，極易引起失分。5、優(yōu)秀卷的特點(diǎn)書寫規(guī)范；覆蓋所有要點(diǎn)，內(nèi)容充實(shí)；詞匯豐富，文筆流暢，有修辭意識(shí)。應(yīng)對策略：書寫清晰認(rèn)真，寫作過程中有明確的要點(diǎn)意識(shí)，平日對詞匯、語法和句型的掌握準(zhǔn)確到位，能夠?qū)懽髦兴\(yùn)用的知識(shí)信手拈來。二、考生在書面表達(dá)中暴露的主要問題：1、審題失誤：市質(zhì)檢作文“青春是什么？”，內(nèi)容要求結(jié)合事例說明，但是很多同學(xué)忽略了這點(diǎn)，直接抒發(fā)議論或者事例也僅是一筆帶過而導(dǎo)致得分不高。又如作文要求中陳述“校報(bào)請你寫一篇稿件刊登在英文版面上，介紹你課外學(xué)習(xí)英語的經(jīng)驗(yàn)?！钡窃S多考生在寫作中卻用大量的篇幅介紹學(xué)習(xí)英語的重要性，只是在寫作的

18、最后簡單介紹了一下三個(gè)要點(diǎn)，這與學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)介紹有較大的差距。比如說文章最后只有這樣簡單的表達(dá)：If we want to learn English well, we can do it in three ways: Join in English corner; Write English diaries; 2、語言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)不扎實(shí): 從卷面上看，相當(dāng)一部分考生語言表達(dá)能力低，功底差。（1）單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤太多總共要求寫120詞左右，有的考生單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤就有十幾處、二十幾處，甚至有的考生以漢語拼音來濫竽充數(shù)。出現(xiàn)這類情況，該考生的文章檔次最多只能被確定為及格檔以下。（2）動(dòng)詞用法錯(cuò)誤多，時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)用

19、法混亂，主謂不一致Here is my ideas.Ill appreciate if.Want to you can get some helpIt must to help to improve my spoken English.search articlessee/look/read the websiteIm communicate with my friends.May your English becomes better.insist writing diariesstick to write diaries（3）名詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式不確定及冠詞使用錯(cuò)誤Have some probl

20、em in learn English.a English ContestMy experiences in English learningmany informations（4）詞性混亂Ill glad to share my experience.I hope your English become well.（5）高級(jí)用法由于掌握不扎實(shí)導(dǎo)致用法錯(cuò)誤There was an English contest was held inour school.In addition to, we can communicate withsome foreigners.As we all known

21、, practice makes perfect.A way which helping you a lot.（6）介詞使用錯(cuò)誤with/by Englishwith/by this way（7）粗心錯(cuò)誤Hows your English learning goes?As far as Im concern, .3、漢式英語：In there, you can improve your speaking English.By it, your oral English can improve.Search the website, you can read more articles.4、缺乏連貫性，不使用關(guān)聯(lián)詞或關(guān)聯(lián)詞使用錯(cuò)誤導(dǎo)致邏輯錯(cuò)誤：寫作特別強(qiáng)調(diào)行文的連貫性，巧用連接詞與過渡語可使句子簡潔、