重點(diǎn)小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法 形容詞副詞

1、精心整理 騰飛輔導(dǎo)中心小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法（第22期） 第三講 形容詞和副詞Name Mark 重點(diǎn)講解一、形容詞：形容詞是用來(lái)修飾物體的形狀、大小、長(zhǎng)度、屬性、特點(diǎn)的詞。1一般位于名詞前，做“ 前置定語(yǔ) ” 。 I have a busy day. 我忙了一天。 She is a famous scientist.2放在be動(dòng)詞的后面，被稱為“ 系表結(jié)構(gòu) ” 。如： He is clever. She is beautiful.3當(dāng)幾個(gè)形容詞或形容詞和名詞同時(shí)修飾一個(gè)名詞時(shí)，必須按照正確的排列順序，即：大小 - 形狀 - 顏色 - 質(zhì)地。如：a big yellow banana a white r

2、ound stone bench4表示國(guó)籍的幾個(gè)形容詞，還可以用作名詞，但意義上有所區(qū)別。如： a Chinese /Japanese boy speak Chinese / Japanese5形容詞修飾不定代詞something, anything等時(shí)，需要置于其后。如： I have something important to tell you.There is something wrong with you.二、副詞：是說(shuō)明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度、方式等概念的詞。 1副詞的分類時(shí)間副詞 如：now, usually, often, always, sometime, yesterday等。

3、地點(diǎn)副詞 如：here, there, everywhere等。（其前不能加介詞，如：go there / come here）方式副詞 如： quietly, slowly，quickly, carefully等。（ “怎樣地” ）程度副詞 如：very, much, quite（完全地，十分地）, too（太）等。2副詞的用法：主要用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞的。如： He plays basketball well. He jumps high.三、形容詞、副詞的等級(jí)：原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。 1原級(jí)的用法肯定句： 主語(yǔ) + be動(dòng)詞 + as + 原級(jí) + as . ，表示“和 一樣 ，如：Surfin

4、g is as interesting as swimming.否定句： 主語(yǔ) + be動(dòng)詞 + not so / as + 原級(jí) + as . ，表示“和 不一樣 ，如： Surfing is not so / as interesting as swimming2比較級(jí)：兩個(gè)人或物體之間的相對(duì)比較。通常用在兩個(gè)物體之間用than來(lái)連接。（1）句式結(jié)構(gòu): 主語(yǔ) + be動(dòng)詞 +比較級(jí) + than + . ，如：English is more important than Japanese, I think. （有than 一定有比較級(jí)）Which do you like better, t

5、his one or that one? （沒(méi)有than 也可以有比較級(jí)）（2）比較級(jí)的用法： 比較級(jí) and 比較級(jí)，如：He becomes fatter and fatter. more and more + 原級(jí) “. 越來(lái)越 .”，如：Our country is becoming more and more beautiful. The + 比較級(jí) . , the + 比較級(jí) . “ 越, 越 ”The more, the better.3最高級(jí)：是三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的物體之間的相互比較。（1）句式結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) + be動(dòng)詞 + 最高級(jí) . ，如：Amy is the most beau

6、tiful girl in my class. （形容詞最高級(jí)前要有the）He runs fastest in the running match. （副詞前最高級(jí)前的the省略）（2）最高級(jí)的用法： (the)最高級(jí) + 比較范圍 Jim is the tallest in his class.Jim is the tallest of the three. 最高級(jí) , A , B or C ? Which is the farthest, the train station, the bus station or the airport? 主語(yǔ) + be動(dòng)詞 + one of the +

7、 最高級(jí) + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)Xian is one of the oldest cities in China. 補(bǔ)充：比較級(jí)前可以有一個(gè)表示程度的詞：如 a little rather much a lot far even any 等 He is much better today.Frank is even stronger than his father.四、形容詞與副詞的變化關(guān)系 1大多數(shù)副詞是用形容詞加后綴ly構(gòu)成的。 Eg：quick - quickly slow - slowly brave - bravely 2以-y結(jié)尾的形容詞，現(xiàn)將y改成i，再加-ly。 Eg：happy-ha

8、ppily angry-angrily 3有些副詞與形容詞形式相同。 Eg：late, early, high, long, fast，friendly補(bǔ)充：good 的副詞是well,但是well也有形容詞的意義，表示身體狀況好，如：Im well.貌似副詞的形容詞： friendly友好的； lovely可愛(ài)的五、形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)變化規(guī)則情況變化規(guī)則舉例一般單音節(jié)詞/少數(shù)多音節(jié)詞直接在詞尾加 -er或 -esttall - taller - tallest clean - cleaner cleanest small-smaller-smallestclever- clevere

9、r -cleverest strong-stronger-strongestlong-longer-longest young-younger-youngest以e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞加 -r或 -stlarge - larger largest safe safer safestlate - later - latest fine - finer finest wide-wider-widest以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞變y為i再加 -er或-estearly earlier - earliest. easy - easier easiest heavy-heavier-heaviesthappy

10、 happier happiest dry - drier - driest以重讀閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的詞雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-er 或-esthot hotter - hottest thin - thinner - -thinnestbig bigger biggest wet wetter wettestfat-fatter-fattest多音節(jié)和大部分雙音節(jié)詞在原級(jí)前加more / mostimportant - more important - most importantbeautiful - more beautiful - most beautifuli

11、nteresting - more interesting - most interesting不規(guī)則變化（重要，常考）原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/farthest/做中學(xué)一、寫出下列形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)形式1. long _ _ 2.wide _ _ 3. fat _ _ 4.strong _ _5. bright _ _ 6.young _ _7. big _ _ 8.easy _ _9. kind _ _ 10.small _ _ 11

12、. bad _ _ 12.good _ _13. heavy _ _ 15.ill _ _ 16. old _ _二、 用所給詞的正確形式填空1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _ (clever).2. Gold(黃金) is _ (little) useful than iron(鐵).3. My sister is two years _ (old) than I.4. Johns parents have four daughters, and she is the _ (young) child.5. The _ (cheap) bags are

13、 not usually the worst ones.6. The boy is not so _ (interesting) as his brother.8. Dick sings _ (well), she sings _ (well) than John, but Mary sings_ (well) in her class.9. She will be much _ (happy) in her mew house.過(guò)關(guān)訓(xùn)練一、選擇填空1. The line is _ than that one.A. more longer B. not longer C. much longe

14、r D. many more longer 2. The book is _ of the two.A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest 3. She looks _ than she does. A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older 4. The garden is becoming _.A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautifulC. more and more

15、 beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler 5. They competed（比賽） to see who could work _.A. the fastest and best B. the faster and the betterC. fastest and better D. faster and better6. This kind of shirt looks _ and sells _.A. nice, well B. nice, good C. well, well D. good, nice 7. Table tennis is

16、 _ than basketball in China.A. popular B. less popular C. more popular D. most popular 8. This year, it doesnt snow as _ last year.A. more than B. many as C. much as D. much than9. I think it is _ cheaper and _ interesting to travel around the small town on foot than by taxi.A. much; even more B. more; more C. more; much more D. much; much10. Beijing is one of _ in China.A. the biggest cities B. biggest city C. a bigger city D. the biggest city二、翻譯句子1這本書跟那本書一樣有趣。This book is _ _ _ that one.2你游泳沒(méi)有你弟弟好。You cant swim _ _ your b