高考復(fù)習(xí)：閱讀簡(jiǎn)答

1、閱讀簡(jiǎn)答高分策略,考情報(bào)告 2012年湖南閱讀簡(jiǎn)答平均得分4.06分，及格率 29.99%，得分率很低的一道題目。 考查要求 (1).要求學(xué)生不僅能夠獲取信息，還要能夠處理信息。 (2).文章中會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些長(zhǎng)難句，對(duì)考生的閱讀理解也是一種挑戰(zhàn)和考驗(yàn)。 失分陷阱 (1)答非所問(wèn)。 （2）忽略答題要求。 （3）忽略字?jǐn)?shù)限制。 （4）語(yǔ)法和語(yǔ)言形式誤用。,解題指導(dǎo)： 一、快速定位 根據(jù)題干的關(guān)鍵詞，在原文中找到相對(duì)應(yīng)的答案。 最常用來(lái)定位的關(guān)鍵詞一般有兩種： 外表有特定且醒目的字，如人名、地名、數(shù)字、大寫(xiě)字母、專(zhuān)有名詞等，課快速定位；另一種是題干表主要意思的詞，一般是實(shí)詞（名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞），

2、這樣的詞往往直接涉及文章中重點(diǎn)細(xì)節(jié)信息，有利于定位的正確性。 第二種是題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，有時(shí)可能是原文中以同義詞或近義詞的方式出現(xiàn)，不一定是原詞的重現(xiàn)。即“同義改寫(xiě)”或者“同義替換”。 同義的種類(lèi)： 同義詞的替換。如文中說(shuō)inspire，題目中是“give somebody ideas”。 雙重否定的替換。如文中 The birds wont stay unless it is warm enough.題中問(wèn)： Under what conditions will the birds stay?, 詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換。如文中說(shuō) He prefers reading selectively.題中問(wèn)： Wh

3、at is his preference? 例1： 原文 My grandfather began working in the factory as a young man. His job was to push the vats(大桶）of warm chocolate to a storage area. 提問(wèn)： What did Grandfather do in Hersheys factory?（詞數(shù)不超過(guò)12個(gè)） _.,二、觀察題目特點(diǎn) 觀察題目問(wèn)題不同的類(lèi)型來(lái)確定答案的基本格式，這是考生最容易忽視的。 以what開(kāi)頭的提問(wèn)：回答的時(shí)候，要用名詞性的短語(yǔ)或從句，一般為名詞、動(dòng)詞

4、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句或賓語(yǔ)從句。 例2 ： Game hunters of the 19th century had hunted the creatures almost to extinction(絕種). 題目： According to this passage, what was the most probable reason for elephants almost extinction in north-eastern South Africa in the 19 th century? (no more than 8 words) _,以 why開(kāi)頭的問(wèn)句： 要

5、用原因狀語(yǔ)或者原因狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)回答，常用because或者because of來(lái)開(kāi)頭。 例3： 原文： The fact that he was caught in the traffic jam might explain his being late. 題目： Why was he late? (no more than 10 words) _. 如果題干改成如下形式： What was the reason for his being late? (no more than 10 words) _., 以How 開(kāi)頭的問(wèn)句： 這種問(wèn)句一般表程度或方式。 在簡(jiǎn)答題在紅較少考查程度的意思，所以

6、在回答how開(kāi)頭的問(wèn)句時(shí)，一般用表示方式的介詞by或者through等開(kāi)頭。 例4：原文 Fortunately, he loaned some money from the bank, and set up his own company. 題目：How did he get the money to set up his own company? (no more than 8 words ) _. 以when開(kāi)頭的問(wèn)句：以when開(kāi)頭的問(wèn)句表示時(shí)間。要用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或者時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句回答。常用來(lái)開(kāi)頭的連詞有when，介詞有at, on, in , before, between, after

7、, during等。 例5：原文：He was born in 1993. And when he was five years old, he lost his legs in a car accident. 題目： When did he become disabled? (no more than 8 words) _., 回答以 where 開(kāi)頭的問(wèn)句： 以where 開(kāi)頭的問(wèn)句表示地點(diǎn)。要用地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)回答。常用來(lái)開(kāi)頭的連詞有when，介詞 有at, in , on等。 例6 原文： He went to Harvard University . There he found his interests in biology. 題目： Where did he fin