清華IT軟件學(xué)院模板(ppt 46頁(yè)).ppt

1、團(tuán)隊(duì)合作,主講：常志君,主要內(nèi)容,培訓(xùn)目的,在此次培訓(xùn)結(jié)束時(shí)你將 識(shí)別一群人和一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的不同之處 懂得和分析團(tuán)隊(duì)的成長(zhǎng)發(fā)展階段識(shí)別高效率團(tuán)隊(duì)的主要特點(diǎn)懂得團(tuán)隊(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的角色; 實(shí)踐團(tuán)隊(duì)合作 懂得支持團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的技巧,你對(duì)此次授課的期望,目標(biāo)能力Target competencies of this module,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)團(tuán)隊(duì) Ability to lead a team; 接納他人 Openness toward others 發(fā)展員工 Developing people,團(tuán)隊(duì)合作 Team work Sequence 1 :團(tuán)隊(duì)的定義 What is a team,為什么稱(chēng)下列為“團(tuán)隊(duì)”？ -外科手術(shù)

2、組 -生產(chǎn)團(tuán)隊(duì) -救援隊(duì) -治安隊(duì) -電視組 -項(xiàng)目組,為什么是團(tuán)隊(duì)而非一群人? 它們有什么共同點(diǎn)呢,一群人,個(gè)人結(jié)果,對(duì)公共同的目標(biāo)不做承諾,溝通不必是直接的和經(jīng)常的,個(gè)人的職責(zé),沒(méi)有時(shí)間限制,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)很強(qiáng)或很弱,無(wú)規(guī)則/無(wú)序的合作,團(tuán)隊(duì),人們有相同的目標(biāo)或愿意一起工作,全體隊(duì)員要取得優(yōu)異的成績(jī)必須對(duì)大家負(fù)責(zé),隊(duì)員實(shí)踐并直接有效地溝通,隊(duì)員有信心來(lái)做出有效的統(tǒng)一的決定,隊(duì)員們懂得他們相互依存來(lái)取得團(tuán)隊(duì)的目標(biāo),相同的目標(biāo)Common goal 相互關(guān)聯(lián)Interdependence 做出承諾Committment 負(fù)責(zé) Responsibility,關(guān)鍵詞 Key words,什么是團(tuán)隊(duì)What

3、is a team,朝著同一目標(biāo)方向一起努力 Work together in one direction to reach the target,各自分工Performing individual tasks,各個(gè)隊(duì)員組成團(tuán)隊(duì) The individual status of the team members,各個(gè)隊(duì)員之間相互聯(lián)系和互動(dòng)協(xié)作 Connections and interaction between the team members,團(tuán)隊(duì)像一輛自行車(chē) A team is like a bicycle,一定數(shù)量的人，有一個(gè)共同目標(biāo)，愿意一起工作，平衡集體和個(gè)人利益 A specif

4、ic number of persons who have a common goal and who are motivated to work together, with a balance between the collective interest and individual interests,什么是團(tuán)隊(duì)What is a team,團(tuán)隊(duì)合作Teamwork Sequence 2 : 團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)展階段The stages of team development,團(tuán)隊(duì)大小對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)作的影響,3人團(tuán)隊(duì),對(duì)于準(zhǔn)確處理問(wèn)題，僅有一個(gè)正確的解決方案時(shí)很有效,6人以下團(tuán)隊(duì),交流多且有效。便于每位

5、成員表達(dá)思想，分工自然，不會(huì) 損害整體利益和目標(biāo)。相互幫助，人員組織相對(duì)自然,6-12人團(tuán)隊(duì),需要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu)、有力的規(guī)則、正式的組織和檢查結(jié)構(gòu),12人以上團(tuán)隊(duì),有相互關(guān)系的規(guī)定，花時(shí)間在糾正有損的行動(dòng)上。 內(nèi)部會(huì)形成一些小幫派，小幫派之間可能發(fā)生沖突。 容易忽略整體目標(biāo)。需要經(jīng)常糾偏,團(tuán)隊(duì)的自治,團(tuán)隊(duì)的自治由以下兩個(gè)因素確定,團(tuán)隊(duì)成員 懂得如何共同協(xié)作,團(tuán)隊(duì)成員愿意 共同協(xié)作,團(tuán)隊(duì)成員知道如何與他們的管理者一起工作， 并且，和該領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一起工作他們有動(dòng)力,團(tuán)隊(duì)的自治,團(tuán)隊(duì)大小對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)自治的影響,4到6人的團(tuán)隊(duì),某些自主-自治的人會(huì)帶動(dòng)團(tuán)隊(duì)向上,大于12人的團(tuán)隊(duì),那些自主-自治性較差的人可能會(huì)向下拖累團(tuán)

6、隊(duì)的自治,團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵階段,1,形成,2,沖突,3,正常,4,業(yè)績(jī),領(lǐng)導(dǎo) 團(tuán)隊(duì)分享,團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵階段,1,1. 形成 對(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)有強(qiáng)烈依賴(lài)性 很少溝通 沒(méi)有分享目標(biāo)、工作和規(guī)則 很少集體決策,2,2. 沖突 遇到問(wèn)題發(fā)生沖突 很少傾聽(tīng) 有非正式小團(tuán)伙 違反規(guī)則 可能放棄、灰心喪氣,3,3. 正?；?對(duì)目標(biāo)和規(guī)則有共識(shí) 表?yè)P(yáng)和認(rèn)可貢獻(xiàn) 集體合作處理問(wèn)題 良好的氛圍和溝通,4,4. 績(jī)效 分享任務(wù) 能自己解決問(wèn)題 合作自然 每位成員工作投入,領(lǐng)導(dǎo) 團(tuán)隊(duì)分享,團(tuán)隊(duì)存在的基礎(chǔ),團(tuán)隊(duì)信任,合適的行為 傾聽(tīng)，思考，回應(yīng)， 發(fā)展,互相了解 角色互補(bǔ),分享團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)行規(guī)則 會(huì)議，決定， 信息，矛盾,分享任務(wù) 方向

7、，目標(biāo),如何使得團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)展,團(tuán)隊(duì)信任,分享任務(wù) 方向，目標(biāo),共同確定任務(wù)和目標(biāo) 賞識(shí)成功,合適的行為 傾聽(tīng)，思考，回應(yīng)， 發(fā)展,促進(jìn)交流， 改進(jìn)溝通方式,互相了解 角色互補(bǔ),共同行動(dòng),融洽氣氛 組織融入,相互了解對(duì)方的角色和期望,分享團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)行規(guī)則 會(huì)議，決定， 信息，矛盾,共同確定有效運(yùn)行規(guī)則，相互尊重、發(fā)展,團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)展階段 The stages of team development,如何使得團(tuán)隊(duì)凝聚在一起Sticking together as a team,什么使得團(tuán)隊(duì)凝聚：相互信任，信任團(tuán)隊(duì)What makes the team cohesive: each persons trust i

8、n the others and in the ability of the team as a whole,尊重個(gè)人特點(diǎn)Respect for the members identities,互利Feeling of mutual benefit,共同語(yǔ)言Common language,反饋Feedback,加強(qiáng)/削弱信任 Reinforce / weaken trust,在團(tuán)隊(duì)內(nèi)部，當(dāng)時(shí)可以加強(qiáng)團(tuán)隊(duì)的互信 Within the team, trust is reinforced when: 團(tuán)隊(duì)成員間的頻繁溝通 there is frequent communication between

9、the team members 對(duì)信息進(jìn)行合適的分類(lèi)和定義好格式 the messages are properly classified and formulated 正確地定義任務(wù)、角色以及責(zé)任 tasks, roles and responsibilities are correctly defined 團(tuán)隊(duì)成員遵守時(shí)限和承諾 the team members respect deadlines and commitments,加強(qiáng)/削弱信任 Reinforce / weaken trust,積極上進(jìn)的環(huán)境 the environment is positive 相互幫助 collea

10、gues help each other 清楚地識(shí)別員工個(gè)人和集體的期望the individual and group expectations have been clearly identified 團(tuán)隊(duì)成員的積極參與the team members have a similar level of involvement 在團(tuán)隊(duì)內(nèi)部，當(dāng)時(shí)削弱團(tuán)隊(duì)的互信 Trust is weakened within the team when: 溝通不暢，想法沒(méi)有得到分享communication is poor, ideas are not shared 團(tuán)隊(duì)成員不響應(yīng) the team membe

11、rs react poorly 一些緊急信息沒(méi)有回應(yīng)certain urgent messages go unanswered,Exercise,Bridge game Or Common goal game,Common goal game,This game shows,How a team is created. How motivation exists as soon as an objective is clear for all the team members. That a team only functions well insofar as each member kno

12、ws and understands what he has to do,團(tuán)隊(duì)合作 Teamwork Sequence 3 : 團(tuán)隊(duì)的自治 Team autonomy,What is an effective team,如何使得團(tuán)隊(duì)更有效 How do you recognize an effective team? 例如Examples,分組討論 15分鐘 Travail en 2 sous-groupes 20 et dbriefing,高效團(tuán)隊(duì)的特點(diǎn),方向一致 分享目標(biāo),相互影響 溝通開(kāi)放 允許辯論 管理沖突 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)傾聽(tīng) 員工參與,分擔(dān)職責(zé) 表?yè)P(yáng)認(rèn)可成績(jī)和貢獻(xiàn) 集體解決問(wèn)題 分享所有決定,

13、間接結(jié)果 (激勵(lì)，戰(zhàn)略，能力發(fā)展,直接結(jié)果 (與目標(biāo)相比,使團(tuán)隊(duì)充滿(mǎn)活力的四個(gè)杠桿The 4 levers for forming an effective team,分享并保持方向一致Share the direction = 構(gòu)建集體智慧，相互依存 Construct intelligent and interdependent choices,堅(jiān)持工作方式 Adhere to a mode of operation = 團(tuán)隊(duì)持續(xù)進(jìn)步：在流程、培訓(xùn)、規(guī)則等方面Continuous improvement of team processes, collective training, rul

14、es (expectations) of the team defined,團(tuán)隊(duì)特點(diǎn) Excel at team basics = 團(tuán)隊(duì)的能力Competence of the team: 建設(shè)性地解決沖突，構(gòu)建戰(zhàn)略計(jì)劃，做出準(zhǔn)確的決定，分享領(lǐng)導(dǎo)constructive conflict, strategic plans, precise decisions, shared leadership,多樣性和其他技能Leverage diversity and complementary skills = 知道每個(gè)人的角色、特長(zhǎng)、限制、信心Know each persons role, domin

15、ant personality traits, confidence,要使得團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)良好,必須,有共同目標(biāo)并且一起分享(方向和目的) 如：今年我們要拿到全國(guó)冠軍,了解并實(shí)施已確定的運(yùn)行規(guī)則 如：運(yùn)動(dòng)員吃飯時(shí)間、生活衛(wèi)生、訓(xùn)練紀(jì)律,自信、互信，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)與團(tuán)隊(duì)間互信 如：踢點(diǎn)球,信息及反饋交流順暢、及時(shí) 如：球員間的討論、了解剩余時(shí)間,使團(tuán)隊(duì)充滿(mǎn)活力的四個(gè)杠桿,發(fā)展發(fā)揮信息作用 加強(qiáng)聯(lián)系 開(kāi)展集體行動(dòng) 提高團(tuán)隊(duì)凝聚力,發(fā)展發(fā)揮信息作用,告知任務(wù)、職能和角色,告知結(jié)果、目標(biāo)和成功,告知團(tuán)隊(duì)環(huán)境、進(jìn)展、和外部期望,加強(qiáng)聯(lián)系,促進(jìn)相互了解,安排空間：共同場(chǎng)所、融洽工作氣氛,負(fù)責(zé)人與團(tuán)隊(duì)成員相互接近,安排時(shí)間

16、：鼓勵(lì)正式或非正式會(huì)面,安排工作：鼓勵(lì)一職多能，促進(jìn)交流，方便文件和資料的查詢(xún),開(kāi)展集體行動(dòng),同團(tuán)隊(duì)成員一起確定團(tuán)隊(duì)的共同目標(biāo),為準(zhǔn)備開(kāi)始共同行動(dòng)組織開(kāi)會(huì),根據(jù)團(tuán)隊(duì)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，擬定共同“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)”措施,提高團(tuán)隊(duì)凝聚力,提倡在任何情況下的團(tuán)結(jié)互助精神 (相互幫助、相互學(xué)習(xí)、指導(dǎo)) 自我挑戰(zhàn)、自我競(jìng)爭(zhēng) 通過(guò)發(fā)展提高豎立團(tuán)隊(duì)形象 維護(hù)團(tuán)隊(duì)、與時(shí)俱進(jìn),不利于團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的行為,團(tuán)隊(duì)合作 Teamwork,尋求一致Seeking a consensus: 要求思維開(kāi)放Require an open mind. 必須減少/小擔(dān)心、抵觸、 干擾等Fears, resistance, barriers must be

17、 minimized. 集體決策Decisions come from the group. 分擔(dān)職責(zé)Shared responsibility. 激勵(lì)每人成員Each persons individual satisfaction,團(tuán)隊(duì)合作 Teamwork Sequence 5 : 管理人的重要性及角色 The managers role and importance,管理人員的角色Managers role,是Yes” 通過(guò)管理人員的個(gè)人特點(diǎn)、經(jīng)驗(yàn)、專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)，他應(yīng)該被認(rèn)作團(tuán)隊(duì)當(dāng)中的一員The manager is perceived as “one of us”, through the

18、 characteristics of personality, experience, expertise. 通過(guò)管理人員遵守規(guī)則、對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)工作有重要價(jià)值，他會(huì)被認(rèn)作團(tuán)隊(duì)當(dāng)中的一員The manager is perceived as “one of us”, by respecting the rules and values essential to the team. 管理人員應(yīng)該被認(rèn)作執(zhí)行的模范The manager must be perceived as the model to follow. 管理人員應(yīng)該滿(mǎn)足團(tuán)隊(duì)員工的期望The manager must meet the me

19、mbers expectations,管理人員的角色Managers role,否No” 他很保守、守舊He is very conservative and maintains outdated traditions, 他不想介入和解決團(tuán)隊(duì)成員的矛盾He avoids resolving conflicts between the team members. 他不能夠作為決策的制定者He does not play the role of decision-maker . 他集中于瑣碎、無(wú)效的事務(wù)中He focuses on unimportant and inefficient activ

20、ities, 他所做決定不分析風(fēng)險(xiǎn)He makes decisions without first analyzing the risks. 他固執(zhí) He is rigid. 他缺乏想象力He has no imagination,應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)To be emphasized,傾聽(tīng)Active listening by team members. 出謀劃策的競(jìng)賽Competition of ideas without internal competition. 團(tuán)隊(duì)成員間的寬容Tolerance among team members. 接收其他人的觀點(diǎn)Acceptance of other vie

21、wpoints. 要求全體團(tuán)隊(duì)成員的參與Solicit participation from all the team members,同團(tuán)隊(duì)成員一起改進(jìn)業(yè)績(jī)的工具Tools for improving performance with my fellow team members,Visual 可視: 溝通：指標(biāo)、信息欄、報(bào)告、通告等Communication : display of indicators, information bulletins, news articles, celebration of success, reports, 行動(dòng):行動(dòng)的起草、計(jì)劃、可視進(jìn)展與警示、圖

22、表、看板、進(jìn)步計(jì)劃等 Action : action register / action,visual alerts, ACS customer counter, Gantt, warning light, kanban tickets, pressure indicator, monitoring of controls, imporvement plan 分析：帕雷多圖、因果分析等Analysis : pareto, ishikawa, cause tree, 規(guī)則：決策規(guī)則等Rules : Decision-making Symogramme,同團(tuán)隊(duì)成員一起改進(jìn)業(yè)績(jī)的工具Tools for improving perform