高三一輪復(fù)習(xí)專題九定語從句和名詞性從句講解與練習(xí)(無答案)

1、專題九定語從句和名詞性從句考點(diǎn)聚焦一、定語從句1、基本概念1）定義2）先行詞3）關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞who/whom/which/that/whose/as關(guān)系副詞where/when/why2、種類限定eg:that is the teacher who/that teaches us english.非限定eg: i like our teacher, who is very kind.3、位置常見定語從句被分隔定語從句eg:the town has developed a lot _ we learned farming two years ago.4、關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)：（三看）一看限定還是非

2、限定二看先行詞時(shí)表人、表物還是表時(shí)間三看先行詞在從句子充當(dāng)什么成分5、定語從句?？嫉陌舜罂键c(diǎn)1）只能用 that 不能用 which 的情況。代高序原則第 1頁eg:do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?you should hand in all that you have.this is the most interesting film that ive ever seen.this train is the last that will go to suzhou.先行詞中具有人又有物eg:do you know t

3、he things and persons that they are talking about?先行詞前面有the only, the very, the right.等修飾eg:this is the very bus that im waiting for.當(dāng)句中出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)定語從句時(shí)，其中一個(gè)用thateg:they secretly build up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution.2）只能用 which, 不能用 that 的情況非限定性定語從句eg:helen was much ki

4、nder to her youngest son than to the others, which, of course, made the others envy him.介詞 +關(guān)系代詞時(shí)，只能用whicheg:this is a house in which lu xun once lived.3）as/which 的區(qū)別位置上：先行詞上：eg:the weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect.as the known to everybody, the moon travels ro

5、und the earth.david is tall, as are my brothers.第 2頁4) whose/of which 的區(qū)別eg:the book whose cover is red is very interesting.have you ever seen the book the cover of which is yellow?5）介詞 +關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，關(guān)系詞的選用根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞或形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配或介詞與先行詞的搭配來確定。eg:who is the girl with whom you just now shook hands?can you exp

6、lain to me how to use these idioms about which im not sure.he built a telescope through which he could study the skies.6) 定語從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句的區(qū)別eg:it was in this house _ he was born.it was this house _ he was born.it was in this house _ he used to live in that the meeting was hold.a.whereb.thatc.whichd.there7)

7、 定語從句中的主謂一致及并列結(jié)構(gòu)eg:he is one of the students who were here just now.he is the only one of the students who was here just now.he has two sons, neither of whom looks like him.he has two sons, and neither of them looks like him.8) 定語從句中的固定用法 先行詞為時(shí) way，且在定語從句中作方式狀語， 關(guān)系詞可用 that, in which 或省略；若在從句中作主語或賓語，

8、仍用 that 或 which 或省略。 eg:what surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.a.the wayb.in the way thatc.in the wayd.the way which第3頁 如果定語從句修飾point, situation, part, condition 和 case等表示抽象意義的詞，常用 where 引導(dǎo)，意思：“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”。eg: ive come to the point where i cantstand him.the country is in the situ

9、ation where a war will break out at any time.二、名詞性從句1、名詞性從句的種類主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句2、名詞性從句中的連接詞賓語從句主語從句動(dòng)賓介賓表語從句同位語從句that一般不省略可以省略一般不省略一般不省略一般不省略whether/if位于句首用只用 whether 只用 whether 只用 whetherwhether兩者均可特殊疑問根據(jù)句子所缺成分，選用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞，但注意從句需要用陳述句語序詞eg:the trouble is that we are short of money.he hasntdecided wheth

10、er he will go there.what we need is more practice.whoever has helped to save the drowning boy is worth praising.when he will go abroad hasntbeen decided yet.第 4頁3、名詞性從句的運(yùn)用主語從句主語從句位于句首eg:that he passed the driving test made us very happy.who will take over the company has not been decided yet.it 作形式主

11、語it + be+形容詞 + that 從句it + be+名詞（詞組） + that 從句it + be+過去分詞 + that 從句it + occur/matter 等不及物動(dòng)詞 + that 從句eg:it is certain that you will pass the college entrance exam.it is a pity that i missed the party held last night.it is reported that the accident was caused by carelessness.it had never occurred t

12、o him that he might be falling in love with her.賓語從句放在動(dòng)詞或介詞后eg:i know that he is an intelligent and hard-working boy.he often thinks of how he can make his class vivid and lively.it 作形式賓語（常見的謂語：make, think, feel, find, consider 等）eg:i find it important that we should keep calm in danger.注：不能直接跟賓語從句的

13、動(dòng)詞有： like, dislike, hate, love, enjoy, appreciate等 eg:i hate it when people speak with their month full.i would appreciate it if you could stay for lunch.第 5頁賓語從句否定轉(zhuǎn)移的情況(常見動(dòng)詞： think, believe, suppose, expect等動(dòng)詞 )eg:i dontthink your answers are right.i dontbelieve she will attend the meeting.表語從句跟在系動(dòng)

14、詞之后eg:my decision is that all of us are to start at 6 oclock tomorrow morning.because/why引導(dǎo)表語從句的區(qū)別eg:i think it s because youre careless. 強(qiáng)(調(diào)原因 )he was ill. thats why he was absent. 強(qiáng)(調(diào)結(jié)果 )表語從句中的固定句式the reason why. + be + that從句what 從句 + be + that 從句it looks as if/as though從句eg:the reason why he was

15、 absent was that he was ill.what comforted the young mother was that the baby came to life.it looks as if it is going to rain.同位語從句跟在名詞后面， 對(duì)名詞的內(nèi)容給以說明。 常見的名詞有： fact, idea, news, truth, hope,doubt, suggestion, belief, evidence等eg:the fact that she is good at english makes her the right person for the

16、job.i have a feeling that one day we will succeed.間隔性同位語從句（同位語從句與名詞之間被句子其它成分隔開）eg:word came that our team had won the game.第 6頁 真題演練1. well reach the sales targets in a month _ we set at the beginning of the year.2. please send us all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position.3

17、. until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, _ is quite unexpected.4. students should involve themselves in community activities _ they can gain experience for growth.5. the exact year _ angela and her family spent together in china was 2019.6. we had launched another man-made sa

18、tellite, _is announced in todays newspaper.7. happiness and success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths.8.the book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.9. an ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area _ in

19、teract with one another.10. the president of the world bank says he has a passion for china, _ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.11. nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _ they live.12.the museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform _ vi

20、sitors can watch the bigglasshouses being built.13. when i arrived, bryan took me to see the house _ i would be staying.14. john invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _ are family members.15. finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut off from the outside world.16. he wrote a

21、letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.17. many countries are now setting up national parks _ animals and plants can be protected.18. mo yan was awarded the nobel prize for literature in 2019, _ made one of the chinese peoples long-held dreams come true.19. we live in an age _ more

22、information is available with greater ease than ever before.20. i wish to thank professor smith, without _ help i would never have got this far.21. as john lennon once said, life is _ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.22. _ struck me most in the movie was the father s deep love fo

23、r his son.23. police have found _ appears to be the lost ancient statue.24. the only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.25. _ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.26. from space, the earth loo

24、ks blue. this is _ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.第 7頁27. do not let any failure discourage you, for you can never tell _ close you may be victory.28. experts believe _ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.29. it remains to be seen _ the newl

25、y formed committee s policy can be put into practice.30. i made a promise to myself _ this year, my first year in high school, would be different.31. it suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office.32. evidence has been found through years of study _ children s early sleeping proble

26、ms are likely to continue when they grow up.33. we promise _ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.34. it is by no means clear _ the president can do to end the strike.35. scientists study _ human brains work to make computers.36. the notice came around two in the afte

27、rnoon _ the meeting would be postponed.37. i d like to start my own business-that s _ i d do if i had the money. 單句填空1. i m going to spend the winter vacation in kunming, _ i have relatives.2. what a pity he gave up at the last moment _ he might actually have succeeded.3. it s a pity that there are

28、some housewives _ only on-line activity is chatting with their e-pals!4. it is the third time that she has won the race in a year, _ has surprised us all.5. that george will marry alice, _ has not been announced yet, has spread around.6. in their class there are altogether 54 students, half of _ wea

29、r glasses.7. our school has developed a learning system _ students can do a lot of teamwork.8. we hope the measures to control house prices, _ are taken by the government, will succeed.9. have you gone beyond the stage _ you want to stop smoking but you can t.10. the singing group was so well receiv

30、ed that the size of audience, _ we had expected, was well over one thousand.11. bears often hide themselves in places _ cantbe found by hunters.12. as a child, jack studied in a village-school, _ is named after his grandfather.13. i refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault.14. children who are not active or _ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.15. wind power is an ancient source of energy _ we may return in the near future.16. john seemed puzzled about _ the question the chairwoman raised meant.17. -i m afraid i have to give up.第 8頁-don tbe discouraged. r