職業(yè)發(fā)展與規(guī)劃回顧外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯中英文最新

1、標(biāo)題：職業(yè)發(fā)展與規(guī)劃回顧外文翻譯譯文字?jǐn)?shù)：3800 多字英文Review of Career Development & Planning: A Comprehensive Approach Suzanne SavickasCareer Development & PlanningThe fifth edition of Career Development & Planning: A Comprehensive Approach, written by Reardon, Lenz, Peterson, and Sampson for an undergraduate course in ca

2、reer development, explains how to make career decisions and solve career problems. This quintessential text includes interesting activities and excellent resources that engage students and foster learning. The authors present the materials in chapters divided into three parts. The first five chapter

3、s in Part One, Career Concepts and Applications, explain career development from a cognitive-information framework and concentrate on five steps for making good decisions. The authors use their pyramid model to structure the content. The bottom of the pyramid is grounded in knowledge, particularly k

4、nowing about self and options; the top of the pyramid concentrates on the quality of thinking in making career decisions. The next five chapters in Part Two, Social Conditions Affecting CareerDevelopment, discuss contextual factors that influence career choices, including new work styles, economic t

5、rends, organizational culture, and dual careers. In Part Three, Implementing a Strategic Career Plan, the final five chapters concentrate on specific steps to form an intentional career plan while seeking employment. Topics include rsums and cover letters, interviewing skills, job search, and salary

6、 negotiation.Throughout the book, the authors offer information about career development and counseling theories. They briefly discuss Frank Parsonss pioneering matching model of vocational guidance before outlining John Hollands theory of fitting vocational personality types to work environment. Th

7、e text then moves to Donald Supers formulation of career development processes across the life span, including his life career rainbow. With this background, the authors fully develop their own cognitive information processing (CIP) theory of career choice. They inform the reader about the rationale

8、 for CIP and how students may apply it in developing their careers. The authors use excellent figures and illustrations that help students to visualize the CIP framework. Although the authors impart significant historical and contextual information on foundational theories (the most recent being 26

9、years old), they neglect 21st-century career theories such as Larry Cochrans narrative theory, Mary McMahons systems theory, and Robert Lent and Steven Browns social cognitive theory.The text delves beyond theories, as the authors explore the importance of values, interests, work role salience, and

10、how they affect an individuals career development. In addition, the authors include information on the importance of skills and abilities related to an individuals congruence. They stress the necessity for career decision making after one gains insight into vocational self-concept. The authors remin

11、d readers that individuals must have adequate self-knowledge before being able to obtain a suitable job or use transferable skills to obtain a new occupation. At the end of the career concepts and applications section, the authors include a table on general portfolio skills that can be used to apply

12、 knowledge learned and incorporate these resources in future practiceThe authors remind readers that careers are a series of choices and actions. An individual may have a general preference for a career or a major but may not know how to commit to a choice and pursue the path required to actualize g

13、oals. The authors analyze types of decision makers. They emphasize the importance of clear communication and the need to continually improve decision-making skills. The authors underscore the need for client reflexivity in order to successfully make a successful career decision, reiterating the inte

14、gral concept of self-awareness, self- concept, and self-regulation. They define and summarize metacognitive skills and how to apply these skills before listing how to change negativecareer thoughts to career solutionsThe authors do not forget that the individual living in the postmodern world must s

15、uccessfully adapt to the rapidly changing environment and economy. The text outlines what components are needed in education, psychoeducation, vocational guidance, career development, and career counseling to prepare an individual for the world of work. The authors discuss environmental factors, fam

16、ilial roles, and strategies and provide a practical guide for students transitioning to this new ever-changing world of work. They incorporate content and resources that are culturally sensitive, including the integral cross-cultural context in career counseling. The book includes tables on occupati

17、onal trends and outlook and provides concrete examples of new, successful global companies that relate to a contemporary audience.The final section on implementing a strategic career plan provides necessary resources to use with a client attempting to gain employment. The authors include the tasks n

18、eeded to successfully obtain employment, along with tips for job hunting. They highlight the importance of written communication during the job search, from cover letter to interview appreciation, letter of acknowledgment, and letter of acceptance. The authors even provide a section on letters of re

19、commendation and transcripts. Furthermore, this book examines the use of social media and technology during the job search. This is a new consideration for jobapplicants.The authors also explore oral communication, including informational interviews, networking, interviews, and the process of each c

20、omponent leading to successful employment. Once the client receives a job offer, he or she faces the challenging art of negotiating and analyzing the offer. The book includes employer ratings of skills and student ratings of employer characteristics. This tool can be shown to the client or student b

21、efore and after an interview to prepare and determine quality of fit and methods of negotiation. This chapter walks the individual step-by- step toward gaining a more satisfactory salary in a congruent work environment. The authors do not abandon the reader once the individual has obtained a job. Th

22、ey guide the reader through the initial steps of making a good first work impression, work habits, and strategies for moving up the work ladder. The book explores adjusting from a job to a professional career.The appendixes provide numerous resources that could stand alone as a manual and workbook.

23、Appendix A is a glossary that concisely and precisely defines terms used throughout the book. Appendix B outlines a study guide, creating a summary for the student and making the student reflect on the most important aspects of the content. Appendix C came as a surprise to me. It introduced a creati

24、ve activity of a student writing her career autobiography. This simple and straightforward narrative activityserves as a life and career plan. The remaining appendixes include directions for conducting a career field analysis, a guide to good decision making using acronyms as a mnemonic device, and

25、directions for constructing an individual action plan. The book includes activities to improve negative self-talk related to careers, assignments a practitioner can use for informational interviews, activities for future academic and career planning, worksheets for rsum critique, case studies, and t

26、echnology forms. As both an educator and practitioner, I found the appendixes most useful.Not only are the contents and appendixes of the book a valuable resource for students, but also the layout and format provide an excellent structure. The chapters are presented in a linear manner. Overall, I fo

27、und the fifth edition of Career Development & Planning: A Comprehensive Approach to be a thorough and comprehensive resource for students. However, the revised books greatest strength is also its greatest weakness. The book covers everything from fundamental career theories to finding and securing a

28、 job. I believe that this book could be usedwith assignment of different chaptersin a freshman-level course on career decision making as well as in a senior-level course on school-to-work transition. Despite the broad scope of material covered in this edition, I would definitely recommend using the

29、book for an undergraduate course on career development, career education, and life planning. The bookprovides a conceptual framework to engage students in knowing themselves, exploring occupations, making decisions, and seeking jobs.Prepare a plan BOur societies, especially in developed countries, w

30、ill soon have a majority of their adult population in the over 50 group. The UK will reach this point in the mid 2030s. This increasing healthy longevity means that at age 50 we likely have 25-30 years of health and energy to look forward to. At the same time, most of us leave our mainstream employe

31、rs in our early to mid 50s. When finding that the job market is ageist and similar positions are not forthcoming for many, the only option is early retirement. This equation is not adding up for society or individuals. How is society going to economically support our longevity? What are we personall

32、y going to do with all this time?As Lynda Gratton and Andrew Scott say in their seminal book The 100 Year Life: we need to redefine our ideas of our careers from study- earn-retire financing 30+ years of retirement from a 35-40-year career is difficult to seeing our lives as a series of shifts with

33、different ways of working (full-time, part-time, employed, self-employed) interspersed with periods of learning and recharging.There is every reason from personal, economic, physical and mental wellbeing, to not being a burden on the next generation as to why we should stay economically active for m

34、uch longer, and no goodreason apart from ill health why we could not.After the financial crisis hit, I noticed a new question emerging from senior executives: Next, I would like to do work that makes a difference in the world. Can I do this and still earn a living? I had much anecdotal evidence that

35、 this could be done, but to discover a repeatable model, I conducted research over a three-year period including interviews with over 90 executives from various sectors and geographies.Job-craftingThis resulted in a paper on organisational best practices for executives later career development and t

36、he companion book for individual executives. With a second 25-30-year work period ahead of us, we will all need to learn how to constantly develop new work options for ourselves it will become a vital life skill going forward. The secret sauce, the research found, is what HR academics call job-craft

37、ing: we all naturally adapt our jobs to fit our particular experience and interests:Most executives who successfully transitioned to meaningful (and financially rewarding if needed) new careers found a way of fitting the societal issue they were passionate about into the organisations strategy.This

38、meant that they could use some time and resources in working on their Purpose topic. As a result, they created good business for their employer, affected change in the organisation, helped impact societal issues while learning the skills and building the networks necessary fora future career. A real

39、 win-win.To discover what topic to job-craft with and develop it into something that makes a material difference to your organisation and external stakeholders, you cannot sit in your office and try to figure it out. You need new inputs to process into insights and decisions. This means getting out

40、of your comfort zone, experiencing new things, building new strategic networks to figure out how you could contribute to solving an issue, what skills you need to learn to be effective in this space and become known as a valued contributor to the community working on solving your issue. This is how

41、we become natural candidates when a new job-opportunity emerges.Richard Gillies story (from my book) is a practical example for how job crafting can work. When chief procurement officer of Marks & Spencer, he wondered: “Could there be a way for M&S to have only green energy?” No business had done th

42、is before. He spent time skunk- working to find out. Timing was good and his idea got included in the now famous M&S Sustainability Plan Aand Richard spent 10 per cent of his time on this exciting project.They achieved their goal, Richard became chief sustainability officer of M&S and later for King

43、fisher, before becoming a highly sought-after advisor. He was, unwittingly, laying the groundwork for the Re100 movement (corporates committing to 100 per cent renewable energy)with giants like Apple recently announcing achieving this goal.Without this job-crafting, Richard would have taken a very d

44、ifferent career route and a much longer time lapsed before corporates could see the possibility of running their operations on 100 per cent green energy.With our ageing work force and the prospect of AI taking away up to 50 per cent of even white collar jobs, learning how to develop new career optio

45、ns for ourselves will become a vital life-skill. This is done by constantly exploring and developing other options, while we are working away at our current job, so we can pivot to a new job without a cliff edge exit and cold job-search start should it become necessary.A practical approach is to job

46、-craft while in your current job, as described above. This helps create great business for your employer, helps affect change on societal issues AND create new career options for you. Once you have learned to create new career options, you can do it again and again for as many years as you wish.中文職業(yè)

47、發(fā)展與規(guī)劃回顧：一種綜合方法蘇珊娜 薩維卡斯職業(yè)發(fā)展與規(guī)劃本文的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于職業(yè)發(fā)展的教育課程，闡述了如何制定職業(yè)決策和解決職業(yè)問題。這本精粹的課本包括有趣的活動和吸引學(xué)生并促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)。作者分三章介紹了這些內(nèi)容。在第一部分的前五章，職業(yè)概念和應(yīng)用中，從認(rèn)知信息框架解釋了職業(yè)發(fā)展，并著重于五個步驟以做出正確的決定。作者使用他們的金字塔模型來構(gòu)造內(nèi)容。金字塔的底部以知識為基礎(chǔ)，尤其是對自我和選擇的了解。金字塔的頂端集中于制定職業(yè)決策時(shí)的思維質(zhì)量。第二部分的后五章“影響職業(yè)發(fā)展的社會條件”討論了影響職業(yè)選擇的背景因素， 包括新的工作方式，經(jīng)濟(jì)趨勢，組織文化和雙重職業(yè)。在第三部分“實(shí)施戰(zhàn)略職業(yè)計(jì)劃”中

48、，最后五章則集中于在尋求就業(yè)時(shí)形成有意職業(yè)計(jì)劃的特定步驟。主題包括簡歷和求職信，面試技巧，求職和薪資談判。在整本書中，作者提供有關(guān)職業(yè)發(fā)展和咨詢理論的信息。他們簡要介紹了弗蘭克帕森斯（FrankParsons）開創(chuàng)性的職業(yè)指導(dǎo)匹配模型，然后概述了約翰霍蘭德（John Holland使職業(yè)人格類型適合工作環(huán)境的理論。然后，文本轉(zhuǎn)到 DonaldSuper 在整個人生歷程中發(fā)展職業(yè)發(fā)展過程的過程，包括他的一生的職業(yè)生涯。在這種背景下，作者充分發(fā)展了自己的職業(yè)選擇認(rèn)知信息處理（CIP）理論。他們向讀者介紹 CIP 的基本原理，以及學(xué)生如何將其應(yīng)用于職業(yè)發(fā)展。作者使用出色的圖形和插圖來幫助學(xué)生可視化

49、CIP 框架。盡管作者在基礎(chǔ)理論上提供了重要的歷史和背景信息（最近 26 歲），但他們卻忽略了 21 世紀(jì)的職業(yè)理論，例如拉里科克倫的敘事理論， 瑪麗麥克馬洪的系統(tǒng)論，羅伯特倫特和史蒂文布朗的社會認(rèn)知理論。當(dāng)作者探索價(jià)值，興趣，工作角色顯著性的重要性以及它們?nèi)绾斡绊憘€人的職業(yè)發(fā)展時(shí)，本文將深入研究理論。此外，作者還提供了有關(guān)與個人同等相關(guān)的技能和能力的重要性的信息。他們強(qiáng)調(diào)了人們對職業(yè)自我概念的洞察力，從而有必要做出職業(yè)決策。作者提醒讀者，個人必須具備足夠的自我知識，才能找到合適的工作或使用可轉(zhuǎn)讓的技能來獲得新的職業(yè)。在職業(yè)概念和應(yīng)用程序部分的末尾，作者提供了有關(guān)一般組合技能的表格，該表格可用

50、于應(yīng)用所學(xué)知識并將這些資源納入未來的實(shí)踐中。作者提醒讀者，職業(yè)是一系列選擇和行動。個人可能對職業(yè)或 專業(yè)抱有普遍偏愛，但可能不知道如何做出選擇并追求實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)所 需的道路。作者分析了決策者的類型。他們強(qiáng)調(diào)了清晰溝通的重要 性以及不斷提高決策技巧的必要性。作者強(qiáng)調(diào)了客戶反思的必要性， 以便成功地做出成功的職業(yè)決策，重申了自我意識，自我概念和自 我調(diào)節(jié)的整體概念。他們定義并總結(jié)了元認(rèn)知技能以及如何應(yīng)用這 些技能，然后列出了如何將消極的職業(yè)觀念轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槁殬I(yè)解決方案。作者們不會忘記，生活在后現(xiàn)代世界中的個人必須成功地適應(yīng) 迅速變化的環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)。文本概述了在教育，心理教育，職業(yè)指導(dǎo)， 職業(yè)發(fā)展和職業(yè)咨詢中需

51、要哪些要素，以使個人為工作世界做好準(zhǔn) 備。作者討論了環(huán)境因素，家庭角色和策略，并為學(xué)生過渡到這個 不斷變化的新工作世界提供了實(shí)用指南。它們包含對文化敏感的內(nèi) 容和資源，包括職業(yè)咨詢中不可或缺的跨文化環(huán)境。該書包括有關(guān)職業(yè)趨勢和前景的表格，并提供了與當(dāng)代受眾相關(guān)的新的，成功的全球公司的具體示例。關(guān)于實(shí)施戰(zhàn)略職業(yè)計(jì)劃的最后一節(jié)提供了必要的資源，供試圖獲得工作的客戶使用。作者包括成功就業(yè)所需的任務(wù)，以及求職技巧。它們突出了求職過程中書面溝通的重要性，從求職信到面試感謝，感謝信和錄取通知書。作者甚至提供了有關(guān)推薦信和成績單的部分。此外，本書還探討了求職過程中社交媒體和技術(shù)的使用。這是求職者的新考慮。作

52、者還探討了口頭溝通，包括信息采訪，人際網(wǎng)絡(luò)，訪談以及導(dǎo)致成功就業(yè)的每個要素的過程。一旦客戶收到工作機(jī)會，他或她將面臨談判和分析工作機(jī)會的挑戰(zhàn)。本書包括雇主的技能等級和學(xué)生的雇主特征等級?？梢栽诿嬖囍昂椭笙蚩蛻艋?qū)W生展示此工具，以準(zhǔn)備和確定合適的質(zhì)量和談判方法。本章將逐步指導(dǎo)個人在一致的工作環(huán)境中獲得更令人滿意的薪水。個人獲得工作后，作者就不會放棄讀者。他們指導(dǎo)讀者完成最初的工作步驟，以產(chǎn)生良好的第一工作印象，工作習(xí)慣和提升工作階梯的策略。該書探討了從工作到職業(yè)的調(diào)整。附錄提供了大量資源，這些資源可以單獨(dú)作為手冊和工作簿使 用。附錄是一個詞匯表，簡潔，準(zhǔn)確地定義了整本書中使用的術(shù)語。附錄概述

53、了學(xué)習(xí)指南，為學(xué)生創(chuàng)建了摘要，并讓學(xué)生對內(nèi)容的最重 要方面進(jìn)行了反思。這令我感到驚訝。它介紹了學(xué)生寫自己的職業(yè) 自傳的創(chuàng)造性活動。這種簡單明了的敘事活動是人生和職業(yè)計(jì)劃。其余附錄包括進(jìn)行職業(yè)領(lǐng)域分析的指南，使用首字母縮寫詞作為助記符的良好決策指南以及構(gòu)建個人行動計(jì)劃的指南。該書包括改善與職業(yè)相關(guān)的負(fù)面自我對話的活動，從業(yè)人員可以用來進(jìn)行信息面試的任務(wù)，用于未來學(xué)術(shù)和職業(yè)規(guī)劃的活動，用于簡歷審查的工作表，案例研究和技術(shù)形式。作為教育者和實(shí)踐者，我發(fā)現(xiàn)附錄最有用。本書的內(nèi)容和附錄不僅對學(xué)生而言是寶貴的資源，而且其版式 和格式也提供了出色的結(jié)構(gòu)。這些章節(jié)以線性方式呈現(xiàn)?？傮w而言， 我發(fā)現(xiàn)職業(yè)發(fā)展與規(guī)劃：綜合方法第五版是學(xué)生的全面綜合資 源。但是，修訂后的書的最大優(yōu)點(diǎn)也是最大的缺點(diǎn)。這本書涵蓋了 從基本的職業(yè)理論到找到和找到工作的所有內(nèi)容。我相信這本書可 以在分配了不同章節(jié)的情況下用于關(guān)于職業(yè)決策的新生課程以及關(guān) 于從學(xué)校到工作過渡的高年級課程。盡管本版涵蓋了廣泛的材料范 圍，但我絕對會建議將該書用于有關(guān)職業(yè)發(fā)展，職業(yè)教育和人生計(jì) 劃的本科課程。這本書提供了一個概念框架，可以使學(xué)生認(rèn)識自己， 探索職業(yè)，制定決策和尋找工作。準(zhǔn)備一個計(jì)劃 B我們的社會，特別是在發(fā)達(dá)國家，很快將進(jìn)入長壽命時(shí)代。英國將在