漢語(yǔ)文化教學(xué)-中國(guó)扇子.ppt

1、中國(guó)扇子,扇子，在中國(guó)已經(jīng)有了四、五千年的歷史了，是中華民族文化的代表產(chǎn)物,Fan in China ，with a long history of four or five thousand years, is a product representative of Chinese national culture,諸葛亮,鐵扇公主,濟(jì)公,一、扇子的歷史（History,扇子最早出現(xiàn)在商代，用五光十色的野雞毛制成，稱(chēng)之為“障扇”。當(dāng)時(shí)，扇子是作為帝王外出巡視時(shí)遮陽(yáng)擋風(fēng)避沙之用。 The fan first appeared in the Shang Dynasty, made the res

2、plendent with variegated coloration pheasant feather, called disabled,一、扇子的歷史（History,戰(zhàn)國(guó)晚期開(kāi)始，扇子開(kāi)始在民間流行。當(dāng)時(shí)扇子多為禽類(lèi)羽毛制成，故稱(chēng)“羽扇”，多在貴族階層中使用。 The late warring states period, the fan started in folk pop. When the fan for more poultry feathers, therefore calls feather fan, used in the aristocracy,一、扇子的歷史（Hist

3、ory,東漢過(guò)后出現(xiàn)了很多種扇子，許多扇子因?yàn)樾∏墒艿疆?dāng)時(shí)仕女的喜愛(ài)。 After the eastern han dynasty appeared a lot of kinds of fans, many fans won ladies love for their delicate size,一、扇子的歷史（History,隨著時(shí)間的變化，扇子除了用來(lái)扇風(fēng)，更多的是用作一種裝飾，充滿了藝術(shù)的風(fēng)味。 Fan as time changes, in addition to the wind, more is used as a decoration, full of art flavor,二、

4、扇子的結(jié)構(gòu)（Structure,折扇的主要構(gòu)成：扇面(sector) 扇骨(Fan rib,扇骨：是支撐、保護(hù)扇面的部件(Support and protect ) 扇釘：是固定扇骨的軸，用來(lái)控制扇子的開(kāi)合(fixed) 扇面：位于扇骨上，主要特色在扇面呈現(xiàn),團(tuán)扇,三、扇子的種類(lèi)（classification,檀香扇,折扇,編織扇,團(tuán)扇,Circular fan,團(tuán)扇又稱(chēng)宮扇、紈扇。因形似圓月，且宮中多用之，故稱(chēng)。是一種圓形有柄的扇子，也是中國(guó)漢族傳統(tǒng)工藝品及藝術(shù)品。團(tuán)扇的扇面近似圓形，扇柄不長(zhǎng)。邊框及柄以竹制，扇面用潔白的絲娟，上畫(huà)山水、花鳥(niǎo)等,團(tuán)扇簡(jiǎn)介,Fan profile,The fa

5、n is also called the palace fan, silk fan. For the shape of Moon Palace, and the use of, hence the name. Is a round handle of the fan, but also Chinese traditional crafts and art of Han nationality,團(tuán)扇的分類(lèi) Fan classification,團(tuán)扇根據(jù)扇面裝飾材質(zhì)可分為書(shū)畫(huà)團(tuán)扇和刺繡團(tuán)扇，其中又包括日月，山水，人物，花鳥(niǎo)等圖案,書(shū)畫(huà)團(tuán)扇Calligraphy and painting fan,刺

6、繡團(tuán)扇 Embroidery fan,團(tuán)扇與中國(guó)書(shū)畫(huà),在中國(guó)書(shū)畫(huà)的門(mén)類(lèi)中，歷代書(shū)畫(huà)家大都喜歡在扇面上繪畫(huà)或書(shū)寫(xiě)以抒情達(dá)意，或?yàn)樗耸詹鼗蛸?zèng)友人以詩(shī)留念,Fan and Chinese calligraphy and painting,In China painting and calligraphy classes, Chinese Calligraphers and painters in the sector most like painting or writing to express ones thoughts and feelings, or for others collecti

7、on or with friends in poetry as a souvenir,書(shū)畫(huà)團(tuán)扇欣賞,Fan appreciation,團(tuán)扇與中國(guó)刺繡 Fan and China embroidery,During the Qin and Han Dynasties, embroidery technology in our country has a very developed, but the embroidery fan was produced in the “embroidered paintings” popular in the Tang dynasty,秦漢時(shí)期，我國(guó)的刺繡工藝

8、已非常發(fā)達(dá)，但刺繡團(tuán)扇卻產(chǎn)生于“畫(huà)繡”流行的唐代。中國(guó)絲織品的種類(lèi)很多，制作團(tuán)扇大多采用質(zhì)地輕薄的材料，如紗、絹等,刺繡團(tuán)扇欣賞,Fan appreciation,檀香扇 Sandalwood fan,檀香簡(jiǎn)介（profile of Sandalwood,檀香源于印度，廣泛用于佛教，被稱(chēng)為佛樹(shù)；檀香木有招財(cái)避邪之用，被譽(yù)為“招財(cái)之樹(shù)”，是金錢(qián)的招財(cái)寶樹(shù)Sandalwood from India, is widely used in Buddhism, known as the Buddha tree; Sandalwood is lucky ward off evil spirits, and

9、 is known as lucky tree, is the fortune of money tree,檀香扇作為漢族特色手工藝品 ，蘇州一大特產(chǎn) Sandalwood fan as han Chinese characteristics handicrafts, a specialty in suzhou,制作精細(xì)，扇面繪有精美圖案，題材廣泛，色彩優(yōu)雅，是賞心悅目的藝術(shù)品。 Made careful, sector with exquisite design, is a feast for the eyes of art,檀香扇的代表類(lèi)型（Typical fan） 分為團(tuán)扇和折扇兩種,團(tuán)

10、扇雅而不俗 裝飾性強(qiáng) 多數(shù)作為裝飾品,折扇種類(lèi)豐富 名稱(chēng)雅致 具有美觀大方，攜帶方便的特點(diǎn),扇風(fēng)送涼breezing to cool 驅(qū)趕蚊蟲(chóng)preventing mosquitoes 情侶定情信物，愛(ài)情的象征Both couples a token, a symbol of love,檀香扇的功能 Function,檀香扇與雕刻藝術(shù),以雕刻人物、山水為主，也有雕刻花鳥(niǎo)、魚(yú)蟲(chóng)的，栩栩如生，令人驚嘆不已。 With carved figures, landscape is given priority to, also have carved flowers and birds, and wor

11、ms, lifelike, amazing,雕刻藝術(shù),花鳥(niǎo)題材,人物,山水,檀香扇欣賞Fan appreciation,折扇,Folding Fan,折扇簡(jiǎn)介 profile,一般說(shuō)來(lái)，折扇是一種日用品，主要的原材料是竹、紙等。折扇攜帶方便，出入懷袖，扇面書(shū)畫(huà)，是文人雅士的最?lèi)?ài)。 Generally speaking, folding fan is a kind of commodity, the main raw material is bamboo, paper, etc. Folding fan, easy to carry out his sleeve, sector calligra

12、phy and painting, is a favorite of literati,折扇的代表類(lèi)型（Typical fan） 扇面以其本身材料，加工和裝飾來(lái)分，有紙扇面和絹扇面兩大類(lèi),紙扇 （paper fan） 絹扇 （silk fan,折扇 與 書(shū)畫(huà)藝術(shù),古往今來(lái)，許多文人騷客在扇面上留下的題詩(shī)、書(shū)法和繪畫(huà)，備受人們的珍愛(ài)和收藏，由此而繁衍出來(lái)的另一種傳統(tǒng)的藝術(shù)形式扇面書(shū)畫(huà)。 Through the ages ,many men of literature and writing had been living poetry、calligraphy and traditional ch

13、inese painting in the fans.Therefore,the phenomenon can develop into a genre of colorful fan-art,扇面畫(huà)常用的題材有仕女、山水、花鳥(niǎo)魚(yú)蟲(chóng)以及詩(shī)詞書(shū)法藝術(shù)等。扇面 之 花鳥(niǎo)蟲(chóng)魚(yú) (flower and painting,扇面之 山水仕女(landscapes and meticulous ladies,扇面之 人物故事(the charaters and the story,扇面之 詩(shī)詞書(shū)法(poetry and calligraphy,編織扇 Braided fan,一、蒲葵扇 二、四川竹絲扇 三、

14、新會(huì)織扇 四、浦江麥稈扇,種類(lèi)（classification,蒲葵扇,四川竹絲扇,新會(huì)織扇,浦江麥稈扇,蒲葵扇(Palmetto Fan,用蒲葵葉制成的扇。俗稱(chēng)蒲扇，亦稱(chēng)“葵扇”“芭蕉扇,這種扇輕便風(fēng)大，價(jià)格低廉，從古到今人們都喜歡用它。 This fan portable wind is big, the price is low, from ancient people like to use it,四、扇子的制作（making,檀香扇,折扇,團(tuán)扇,團(tuán)扇制作,準(zhǔn)備工具：工藝鐵絲、絲布、剪刀、針線、筆（鉛筆、毛筆）、顏料。 Prepare tools: craft wire, wire cl

15、oth, scissors, sewing, pen (pencil, Mao Bi), pigment,The fan of the production,The first step, the process of wire into a circle,then The excess wire loop handle into a handle,第一步：用工藝鐵絲彎出一個(gè)圓，把剩余鐵絲紐成一個(gè)手柄,第二步：用絲布剪成比鐵絲的圓更大一點(diǎn)的圓。注意是雙面的,The second step: use cloth cut into the wire round than a larger circ

16、le. Attention is two-sided,第三步：用棉線把雙面絲布縫在鐵絲邊框上,The third step: the double-sided cloth sewn with cotton thread in wire frame,第四步：選定好花樣之后，用鉛筆描摹線稿。也可以打印出稿子在襯在下面描摹,The fourth step: after the selected pattern, use a pencil to depict the line draft. Can also print the manuscript in the lining in the follo

17、wing description,第五步：線稿描摹完成后，用細(xì)小的毛筆按畫(huà)稿上色,The fifth step: line draft description is completed, with a small brush to color sketch,第六步：涂色完成后，將扇面懸掛晾干。再配以吊墜等小飾品即可,The sixth step: the painting is completed, will fan hang dry. With pendants and other small accessories can be,折扇制作,1、扇面: 將彩色紙片剪成 扇形Cut the c

18、olorful paper into the fan 2、扇骨： 細(xì)線穿過(guò)竹片Put the line through the bamboo 3、整合： 將扇面用膠水貼在做 好的扇骨上Mix them by using the glue,折紙扇,DIY,檀香扇制作第一步：選題材（Choose subject,檀香扇題材廣泛，可以是花鳥(niǎo)魚(yú)蟲(chóng)，山水人物，也可以是詩(shī)詞歌賦要考慮圖案的單獨(dú)性和完整性 Sandalwood fan theme is extensive, can be a flower, landscape character, also can be verses to consider the design of single sex and integrity,第二步：選料 定型（material） 選擇優(yōu)等檀木作為原料 修整，打磨，然后定好扇頭和扇尾，串聯(lián)起來(lái),第三步：拉花材料是鋼條線鋸。打孔后，開(kāi)始拉花，不僅需要技術(shù)高超，還要有耐心。Material is steel wire saw. After punching, began to garland, not only need skill, to be patient,第四步：燙花 工具是電筆，在扇骨上燙出畫(huà)面，一遍成型。首先勾勒