高考英語必備—專題08 備戰(zhàn)高中高考英語語法填空（解析版）

1、專題08 全國卷語法填空基礎(chǔ)鞏固1.語法填空 Close to 70 percent of the worlds population will live in cities by the year 2050. Experts warn that population _ (grow) will worsen housing crises in some areas. Large cities around the world already struggle with housing problems. In some neighborhoods, rising house prices h

2、ave forced _ very poor from their homes. Many poor people now live in shelters or on the street. People _ (move) to large cities now not just for high-paying jobs. Many are also looking for the chance to live and work with other people, career advancement and access(接觸的機會) to much _(good ) resources

3、. Some countries have built new capital cities _ (help) ease(緩解) overcrowding. These efforts help, but do not solve the problem. The report says that by 2030, the world will have had 43 very large _ (city), each with more than10 million people. Tjada McKenna, _ is chief operating officer for an aid

4、group, says that the ability to own a home in many countries is often difficult, _ (especial) for women and minority groups. Every city is different in _ (deal) with development problems. Each one has its own economic forces at work and its own history. Experts say that answers _ the housing crisis

5、and other problems must be developed city by city.【答案】 growth；the；are moving；better；to help；cities；who；especially；dealing；to 【解析】 （1）考查名詞。vi. 發(fā)展；生長；漸漸變得vt. 使生長；種植；擴展句意：專家們說人口增長會在某種程度上加劇住房危機。設(shè)空處作為句子主語，應(yīng)用名詞形式，故填growth。 （2）考查冠詞。the + adj表示一類人, 如: the rich富人, the poor, the wounded傷者 。句意：在一些小區(qū)，上漲的房價已經(jīng)迫使窮

6、人離開了它們的房子。the+adj指代一類人。故填the。 （3）考查時態(tài)。句意：現(xiàn)在人們搬去大城市不僅僅是為了高工資的工作。根據(jù)時間狀語now判斷為現(xiàn)在進行時，主語people是復(fù)數(shù)。故填are moving。 （4）考查形容詞。句意：很多人也是為了尋找機會和其他人一起居住和生活，為了職業(yè)晉升和更好的資源。句中resources是名詞，應(yīng)用形容詞修飾，再根據(jù)much判斷此處用比較級。故填better。 （5）考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了緩解過度擁擠，有些國家已經(jīng)修建了新的大都會。此處表目的，用不定式。故填to help。 （6）考查名詞。句意：報道稱到2030年，世界上將會有43個超級大城市，

7、每個城市人口超過1千萬。句中city是可數(shù)名詞，因為空格之前的43，所以此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填cities。 （7）考查定語從句。句意：Tjada McKenna，一個援助組織的首席運營官，說在很多國家擁有一個家通常都很困難，尤其是對于女性和少數(shù)群體。 is chief operating officer for an aid group是非限定性定語從句，缺少主語，故用關(guān)系代詞，先行詞Tjada McKenna指人，用關(guān)系代詞who。故填who。 （8）考查副詞。句意：Tjada McKenna，一個援助組織的首席運營官，說在很多國家擁有一個家通常都很困難，尤其是對于女性和少數(shù)群體。提示詞修飾

8、介詞短語for women and minority groups. ，用副詞形式，故填especially。 （9）考查非謂語動詞。句意：每個城市在處理發(fā)展問題上是不同的。句中in介詞，其后接動名詞作賓語。故填dealing。 （10）考查介詞。句意：專家說住房危機和其它問題的答案必須一個城市一個城市的解決。answer to the question/problem固定短語，“問題的答案”，故填to。 【總結(jié)】本題考點涉及名詞，冠詞，時態(tài)，形容詞，非謂語動詞，定語從句，副詞以及介詞等多個知識點的考查，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進行分析推

9、理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。2.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Rome wasnt built in a day. Nearly two decades have passed since China launched the first Beidou satellite in 2000. Since then, more Beidou satellites have been sent into orbit, _ (form) the Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS). In late 2012, BDS_

10、(begin) providing services to people in China and other parts of the Asia-Pacific region. At the end of 2018, it started to provide global services. Now with two more Beidou satellites_ (launch) on Dec 16, 2019, BDS has 53 satellites in orbit. It_(expect) to greatly improve the systems ability to se

11、rve_ (user) worldwide. Although a satellite-based navigation system needs only 24 satellites to run _ (proper), having 53 allows for better coverage. This is _ it works: a signal receiver on Earth measures its distance from at least three satellites by recording the amount of time it takes _ (receiv

12、e) their signals. Then it can calculate its location. With so many satellites, BDS can provide _ more accurate calculation. While GPS provides meter-level positioning accuracy, BDS reduces the error _ centimeters. This service is especially useful for land surveying, mapping, agriculture and automat

13、ed driving. Future plans call for a smarter and more accessible system with Beidou at its core, to come online by 2035. By then, we can probably say that Rome has finally been built.【答案】 forming；began；launched；is expected；users；properly；how；to receive；a；to 【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了我國自主研發(fā)的北斗定位系統(tǒng)，包括其發(fā)展、作用、運行模式

14、、優(yōu)勢等等。 （1）考查非謂語動詞?？仗幣c邏輯主語Beidou satellites之間是主動關(guān)系，所以要用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填forming。 （2）考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語In late 2012可知，應(yīng)該用一般過去時。故填began。 （3）考查非謂語動詞。設(shè)空處在句中充當(dāng)賓語補足語，與邏輯主語Beidou satellites之間是被動關(guān)系，所以要用過去分詞。故填launched。 （4）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。結(jié)合文章時態(tài)可知，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時；主語it指的是BDS，與expect之間是被動關(guān)系，所以要用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故填is expected。 （5）考查名詞。設(shè)空處位于不定式to serv

15、e后面，充當(dāng)賓語，且此處指的是全世界的用戶，所以應(yīng)該用作復(fù)數(shù)形式泛指多個用戶。故填users。 （6）考查副詞。設(shè)空處位于非謂語動詞to run后面，起修飾作用，修飾動詞要用副詞形式。故填properly。 （7）考查表語從句。句意：這是它如何運作（的模式）。分析句子成分和結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中有系動詞is和謂語動詞works，可推斷含有兩個句子，所以設(shè)空處需要填入連接詞；從句位于is后面，是表語從句；根據(jù)后文的描述可知，這里說明的是運行模式，即如何運行，所以要用連接副詞how。故填how。 （8）考查非謂語動詞。it takes time to do sth，固定句式，“做某事花費多少時間”。故填t

16、o receive。 （9）考查冠詞。句意：因為有這么多的衛(wèi)星，BDS可以提供一種更精確的計算結(jié)果。calculation在句中意為計算結(jié)果，是可數(shù)名詞，前面沒有限定詞，無特指，需要填不定冠詞；more第一個發(fā)音為輔音發(fā)音，所以要用a。故填a。 （10）考查介詞。句意：盡管GPS提供到米的定位精確度，但是BDS把誤差減少到了厘米。reduce.to固定短語，“減少到”。故填to。 【總結(jié)】本題考點涉及非謂語動詞，時態(tài)，名詞，副詞，表語從句，冠詞以及介詞等多個知識點的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確

17、的單詞形式。 3.閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 The Sensorwake, _(appear) at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, takes a completely different way to get _(you) attention when its time to wake up. Instead of using sound to wake you up, the clock uses smells. It works with reusable smell capsules(膠

18、囊) _(add) into a narrow opening along the top edge of the clock. 19-year-old Guillaume Rolland, an engineering student from France, _(successful) raised $200, 000 last year to invent the Sensorwake. _, do scents(氣味) work as well as a regular audio alarm in terms of waking you up?While we might hate

19、the sound of conventional alarms, they seem to be _(use) to most regular sleepers. Rolland claims that the Sensorwake is just as good as the audio alarm, with testing showing his scent-based alarm _(clock) wake 99 percent of people in 2 minutes. At _ same time, the Sensorwake comes with an insurance

20、 policy for any sleepers who cant _(wake) up by its primary feature. For extra-heavy sleepers, there is a backup audio alarm _will start to go off if the smell doesnt make you wake up within 3 minutes.【答案】 appearing；your；added；successfully；However；useful；clocks；the；be woken；that/which 【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介

21、紹了氣味鬧鐘，以一種完全不同的方式在該起床的時候吸引你的注意力。這種鬧鐘不是用聲音叫醒你，而是用氣味。同時介紹了氣味鬧鐘的發(fā)明者和與普通鬧鐘相比它的作用。 （1）考查非謂語動詞。appear與邏輯主語The Sensorwake構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，填appearing。 （2）考查代詞。后文attention為名詞，需要形容詞性物主代詞your修飾。故填your。 （3）考查非謂語動詞。add與邏輯主語smell capsules構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去分詞，填added。 （4）考查副詞。修飾raised應(yīng)用副詞，故填successfully。 （5）考查副詞。句意：然而，氣味能像

22、普通的鬧鐘一樣叫醒你嗎?結(jié)合上下文語境可知為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用however，句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填However。 （6）考查形容詞。根據(jù)上文they seem to be可知應(yīng)填形容詞useful作表語，表示“有用的”。故填useful。 （7）考查名詞。clock為可數(shù)名詞，此處前文沒有冠詞，故應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，填clocks。 （8）考查冠詞。句意：與此同時，氣味鬧鐘還為那些睡不著覺的人提供了保險。at the same time固定短語，“與此同時”。故填the。 （9）考查語態(tài)。本從句中who 指代先行詞sleepers，與謂語動詞構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，且cant后跟動詞原形。故填be wok

23、en。 （10）考查定語從句。此處為定語從句修飾先行詞a backup audio alarm，且先行詞在從句中作主語，指物，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that或which。故填that/which。 【總結(jié)】本題考點涉及非謂語動詞，代詞，副詞，形容詞，名詞，冠詞，語態(tài)以及定語從句等多個知識點的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。4.閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 _(open) in 1987, Futuroscope is one of the large

24、st space-age parks throughout the world. Everything here_(develop) by science and the most advanced technology, such as 3-D cinemas, giant movie screens, hands-on learning and so on. It is _(amaze) that you can get close to parts of the world and have many opportunities to experience. It is of great

25、 _(important) to plan your trip so as to visit as many attractions as possible. To reach Childrens World, take a left turning after the main entrance. Childrens World will be on you right _ a few minutes walk. Here, car racing is one of the _(popular) games. Many adults like this game as they seem t

26、o go back to their childhood. Futuroscope Digital City is another favorite with visitors. From the main entrance, take the path on the right. Continue walking past Forest of Dreams on your left. Very soon you will see _. Futuroscope is the perfect place _adults and children can enjoy together. There

27、 are various good _(service) for different visitors. There are many shows, activities and great souvenir shops. If you want to explore the secrets of the universe, _(come) to Futuroscope!【答案】 opened；is developed；amazing；importance；after；most popular；it；where；services；come 【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了世界上最大的太空時代主題公園Futuroscope。 （1）考查非謂語動詞。句意：Futuroscope于1987年開放，它是世界上最大的太空時代主題公園。open與主語Futuroscope成被動關(guān)系，故用其過去分詞形式，填opened。 （2）考查語態(tài)。句意：這里所有的東西都是由科學(xué)和最新的技術(shù)制造出來的。everything和動詞develop成被動關(guān)系。全文用一般現(xiàn)在時，所以空格處用一