直接引語和間接引語

1、Direct Speech and Reported Speech直接引語和間接引語,By Zhang Yiding Neijiang No.1 Middle School Neijiang Foreign Language School,直接引語和間接引語,直接引述別人的話，叫“直接引語”，直接引語置于引號內。 轉述別人的話，叫“間接引語”，間接引語多構成賓語從句。 直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語產(chǎn)生的變化有： 人稱的變化 指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化 時態(tài)的變化 句型的變化,直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語產(chǎn)生的變化,1.人稱的變化：一主二賓三不變 一主：直接引語中的第一人稱變?yōu)殚g接引語時與主句主語

2、人稱一致。 直接：He says, “I will not do my homework.” 間接：He says that he will not do his homework. 二賓：直接引語中的第二人稱變?yōu)殚g接引語時與主句賓語人稱一致。 直接：Mom said to her, “You should clean your room.” 間接：Mom said to her that she should clean her room. 三不變：直接引語中的第三人稱變?yōu)殚g接引語時不變化。 直接：I told Tom, “She was a famous singer.” 間接：I tol

3、d Tom that she was a famous singer.,直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語產(chǎn)生的變化,直接引語 指示代詞 this these 時間狀語 now today this week yesterday the day before yesterday last week three days ago tomorrow the day after tomorrow next week,2.指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化,間接引語 that those then that day that week the day before two days before the we

4、ek before three days before the next day/the following day two days later the next week/the following week,直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語產(chǎn)生的變化,直接引語 地點狀語 here 動詞 come bring,2.指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化,間接引語 there go take,直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語產(chǎn)生的變化,3.時態(tài)的變化 主句 賓語從句（直接引語間接引語） 現(xiàn)在時 不變 將來時 不變 過去時 一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時 現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時 現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時 一般過去時過去完成時 過去

5、完成時過去完成時（不變） 一般將來時過去將來時 cancould maymight 注：直接引語為客觀真理時，變?yōu)殚g接引語后時態(tài)始終為一般現(xiàn)在時。,3.時態(tài)的變化 練習 1.He says, “The boy played soccer well.” He says that the boy played soccer well. 2.He will say, “The boy played soccer well.” He will say that the boy played soccer well. 3.He said, “The boy plays soccer well.” He

6、said that the boy played soccer well. 4.He said, “The boy is playing soccer.” He said that the boy was playing soccer. 5.He said, “The boy has played soccer for 2 hours.” He said that the boy had played soccer for 2 hours. 6.He said, “The boy played soccer well.” He said that the boy had played socc

7、er well. 7.He said, “The boy had already played soccer by the time when we arrived there.” He said that the boy had already played soccer by the time when they arrived there.,3.時態(tài)的變化 練習 8.He said, “The boy will play soccer well.” He said that the boy would play soccer well. 9.He said, “The boy can p

8、lay soccer well.” He said that the boy could play soccer well. 10.The teacher said, “The earth moves around the sun.” The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.,直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語產(chǎn)生的變化,4.句型的變化 直接引語 間接引語 陳述句 say that 由that引導，句子仍為陳述句 tell sb. that 一般疑問句 ask (sb.) if/whether 由if/whether引導，句子變陳述句 特殊疑

9、問句 ask (sb.) who/what/where/ 由原句中特殊疑問詞 引導，剩余部分變陳述句 選擇疑問句 ask (sb.) whetheror 由whetheror引導，句子 變陳述句 祈使句 ask to do sth. tell sb. 變?yōu)閯釉~不定式 order not to do sth.,直接引語變間接引語綜合練習 1.My mother said to me, “Im going to help you with your English tomorrow.” My mother told me that she was going to help me with my

10、English the next day. 2.Bob said to his father, “Will you come to see me next weekend?” Bob asked his father if he would go to see him the next weekend. 3.They said, “We are taking care of this dog here now.” They said that they were taking care of that dog there then. 4.The teacher said, “Dont eat

11、in class anymore, John.” The teacher told/asked John not to eat in class anymore. 5.The little boy said, “Mom, Please bring me some snacks tonight.” The little boy told/asked his mother to take him some snacks that night. 6. “Where does he read newspaper every day?” said the woman. The woman asked where he read newspaper every day. 7. “I can