法律英語詞匯大全

1、法律英語法律淵源source of law民法法律規(guī)范norm of civil law制定法statute授權(quán)規(guī)范authorization norm判例法case law; precedent禁止規(guī)范forbidding norm普通法common law義務(wù)性規(guī)范obligatory norm特別法special law命令性規(guī)范commanding norm固有法native law; indigenous law繼受法adopted law民法基本原則fundamental principles of civil實(shí)體法substantial lawlaw程序法procedural l

2、aw平等原則principle of equality原則法fundamental law自愿原則principle of free will例外法exception law公平原則principle of justice司法解釋judicial interpretation等價(jià)有償原則principle of equal value習(xí)慣法customary lawexchange公序良俗public order and moral誠(chéng)實(shí)信用原則principle of good faith自然法natural law行為 act羅馬法Roman Law作為 ac私法 private law不作

3、為omission公法 public law合法行為lawful act市民法jus civile違法行為unlawful act萬民法jus gentium民事權(quán)利權(quán)利能力civil right民法法系civil law system絕對(duì)權(quán)absolute right英美法系system of Anglo-American law相對(duì)權(quán)relative right大陸法系civil law system優(yōu)先權(quán)right of priority普通法common law先買權(quán)preemption大陸法continental law原權(quán) antecedent right羅馬法系Roman law

4、 system救濟(jì)權(quán)right of relief衡平法equity; law of equity支配權(quán)right of dominion日爾曼法Germantic law請(qǐng)求權(quán)right of claim教會(huì)法ecclesiastical law物上請(qǐng)求權(quán)right of claim for real thing寺院法canon law形成權(quán)right of formation伊斯蘭法Islamic law撤銷權(quán)right of claiming cancellation1 / 15法律英語否認(rèn)權(quán) right of claiming cancellation 解除權(quán) right of ren

5、ouncement代位權(quán)subrogated right選擇權(quán)right of choice承認(rèn)權(quán)right of admission終止權(quán)right of termination抗辯權(quán)right of defense一時(shí)性抗辯權(quán) momentary right of defense 永久性抗辯權(quán) permanent counter-argumentright不安抗辯權(quán) unstable counter-argument right 同時(shí)履行抗辯權(quán) defense right of simultaneous performance既得權(quán)tested right期待權(quán)expectant righ

6、t專屬權(quán)exclusive right非專屬權(quán) non-exclusive right 人身權(quán)利 personal right 人權(quán) human right人格權(quán)right of personality生命健康權(quán) right of life and health 姓名權(quán) right of name 名稱權(quán) right of name肖像權(quán)right of portraiture自由權(quán)right of freedom名譽(yù)權(quán)right reputation隱私權(quán)right of privacy私生活秘密權(quán) right of privacy 貞操權(quán) virginity right 身份權(quán) right

7、 of status親權(quán) parental power; parental right親屬權(quán)right of relative探視權(quán)visitation right配偶權(quán)right of spouse榮譽(yù)權(quán)right of honor權(quán)利的保護(hù) protection of right 公力救濟(jì) public protection 私力救濟(jì) self-protection權(quán)利本位 standard of right 社會(huì)本位 standard of society 無責(zé)任行為 irresponsible right正當(dāng)防衛(wèi) justifiable right; ligitimate defenc

8、e 防衛(wèi)行為 act of defence自為行為self-conducting act緊急避險(xiǎn) act of rescue; necessity 自助行為 act of self-help 不可抗力 force majeure意外事件accident行為能力capacity for act意思能力capacity of will民事行為civil act意思表示declaration of intention意思表示一致 meeting of minds; consensus 完全行為能力 perfect capacity for act限制行為能力 restrictive capacity

9、 for act 準(zhǔn)禁治產(chǎn)人 quasi-interdicted person 保佐 protection自治產(chǎn)人 minor who is capable of administering his own capacity 無行為能力 incapacity for act禁治產(chǎn)人 interdicted person 自然人 natural person2 / 15法律英語公民 citizen住所 domicile居所 residence經(jīng)常居住地 frequently dwelling place 戶籍 census register 監(jiān)護(hù) guardianship個(gè)體工商戶individ

10、ual business農(nóng)村承包經(jīng)營(yíng)戶leaseholding rural household合伙 partnership合伙人partner合伙協(xié)議 partnership agreement 合伙財(cái)產(chǎn) property of partnership 合伙債務(wù) debt of partnership 入伙 join partnership退伙 withdrawal from partnership合伙企業(yè) partnership business establishment 個(gè)人合伙 partnership法人合伙 partnership of legal person 特別合伙 speci

11、al partnership普通合伙 general partnership 有限合伙 limited partnership 民事合伙 civil partnership隱名合伙sleeping partnership; dormantpartnership私營(yíng)企業(yè) private enterprise; proprietorship 法人 legal person企業(yè)法人 legal body of enterprise 企業(yè)集團(tuán) group of enterprise 關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè) affiliate enterprise個(gè)人獨(dú)資企業(yè)individual businessestablishm

12、ent國(guó)有獨(dú)資企業(yè) solely state-owned enterprise 中外合資企業(yè) Sino-foreign joint ventureenterprise中外合作企業(yè)Sino-foreign contractualenterprise社團(tuán)法人 legal body of mass organization 財(cái)團(tuán)法人 legal body of financial group 聯(lián)營(yíng) joint venture法人型聯(lián)營(yíng) association of legal persons 合伙型聯(lián)營(yíng) coordinated management in partnership協(xié)作型聯(lián)營(yíng)cooper

13、ation-type coordinatedmanagement合作社cooperative民事法律行為civil legal act單方民事法律行為 unilateral civil legal act 雙方民事法律行為 bilateral civil legal act 多方民事法律行為 joint act civil legal act 有償民事法律行為 civil legal act withconsideration無償民事法律行為 civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award實(shí)踐性民事法律行

14、為 practical civil legal act 法律翻譯公司諾成性民事法律行為consental civil legal act要式民事法律行為formal civil legal act不要式民事法律行為informal civil legal act要因民事法律行為causative civil legal act不要因民事法律行為noncausative civil legalact主民事法律行為principal civil legal act3 / 15法律英語從民事法律行為accessory civil legal act附條件民事法律行為conditional civil

15、 legalact附期限民事法律行為 civil legal act with term 生前民事法律行為 civil legal act before death 死后民事法律行為 civil legal act after death 準(zhǔn)民事法律行為 quasi-civil legal act無效行為ineffective act可撤銷民事行為 revocable civil act 違法行為 illegal act; unlawful act 侵權(quán)行為 tort欺詐 fraud脅迫 duress乘人之危 taking advantage of others precarious posi

16、tion以合法形式掩蓋非法目的legal formconcealing illegal intention惡意串通 malicious collaboration 重大誤解 gross misunderstanding 顯失公平 obvious unjust 誤傳 misrepresentation代理 agency本人 principal被代理人principal受托人trustee代理人agent本代理人original agent法定代理人statutory agent; legal agent委托代理人 agent by mandate 指定代理人 designated agent 復(fù)

17、代理人 subagent再代理人subagent轉(zhuǎn)代理人subagent代理權(quán)right of agency授權(quán)行為 act of authorization 授權(quán)委托書 power of attorney 代理行為 act of agency委托代理 agency by mandate 本代理 original agency復(fù)代理subagency次代理subagency有權(quán)代理authorized agency表見代理 agency by estoppel; apparent agency 律師代理 agency by lawyer 普通代理 general agency全權(quán)代理gener

18、al agency全權(quán)代理委托書 general power of attorney 共同代理 joint agency 獨(dú)家代理 sole agency居間 brokerage居間人broker行紀(jì) commission; broker house 信托 trust時(shí)效 time limit; prescription; limitation時(shí)效中止 suspension of prescription/limitation 時(shí)效中斷 interruption of limitation/prescription時(shí)效延長(zhǎng) extension of limitation 取得時(shí)效 acquis

19、itive prescription時(shí)效終止lapse of time; termination ofprescription期日 date4 / 15法律英語期間 term涉外民事關(guān)系 civil relations with foreign elements沖突規(guī)范rule of conflict準(zhǔn)據(jù)法 applicable law; governing law 反致 renvoi; remission轉(zhuǎn)致 transmission識(shí)別 identification公共秩序保留 reserve of public order 法律規(guī)避 evasion of law 國(guó)籍 nationali

20、ty國(guó)有化nationalization法律責(zé)任legal liability民事責(zé)任civil liability/responsibility行政責(zé)任 administrative liability/responsibility 刑事責(zé)任 criminal liability/responsibility違約責(zé)任 liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default有限責(zé)任 limited liability 無限責(zé)任 unlimited liability按份責(zé)任 shared/several liability 連帶責(zé)任

21、 joint and several liability過失責(zé)任liability for negligence; negligentliability過錯(cuò)責(zé)任 fault liability; liability for fault 單獨(dú)過錯(cuò) sole fault 共同過錯(cuò) joint fault混合過錯(cuò)mixed fault被害人過錯(cuò)victim s fault第三人過錯(cuò)third partys fault推定過錯(cuò) presumptive fault 惡意 bad faith; malice故意 deliberate intention; intention; willfulness 過失

22、 negligence重大過失gross negligence疏忽大意的過失careless and inadvertentnegligence過于自信的過失negligence with undueassumption損害事實(shí)facts of damage有形損失 tangible damage/loss 無形損失 intangible damage/loss 財(cái)產(chǎn)損失 property damage/loss 人身損失 personal damage/loss 精神損失 spiritual damage/loss民事責(zé)任承擔(dān)方式methods of bearing civilliabili

23、ty停止侵害cease the infringing act排除妨礙exclusion of hindrance; removal ofobstacle消除危險(xiǎn) elimination of danger 返還財(cái)產(chǎn) restitution of property恢復(fù)原狀restitution; restitution of originalstate賠償損失compensate for a loss; indemnify fora loss支付違約金 payment of liquidated damage 消除影響 eliminate ill effects恢復(fù)名譽(yù) rehabilitate

24、 ones reputation 賠禮道歉 extend a formal apology5 / 15法律英語物權(quán) jus ad rem; right in rem; real right 物權(quán)制度 real right system; right in remsystem一物一權(quán)原則the principal of One thing, OneRight物權(quán)法定主義principal of legality of right inrem物權(quán)公示原則principal of public summons ofright in rem物權(quán)法jus rerem物 property生產(chǎn)資料 raw

25、material for production 生活資料 means of livelihood; means ofsubsistence流通物res in commercium; a thing incommerce限制流通物limited merchantable thing禁止流通物res extra commercium; a thing outof commerce資產(chǎn) asset固定資產(chǎn)fixed asset流動(dòng)資產(chǎn) current asset; floating asset 動(dòng)產(chǎn) movables; chattel不動(dòng)產(chǎn) immovable; real estate 特定物 re

26、s certae; a certain thing 種類物 genus; indefinite thing可分物res divisibiles; divisible things不可分物 res indivisibiles; indivisible things 主物 res capitalis; a principal thing從物 res accessoria; an accessory thing 原物 original thing孳息 fruits天然孳息natural fruits法定孳息legal fruits無主物bona vacatia; vacant goods; owne

27、rlessgoods遺失物lost property漂流物drifting object埋藏物fortuna; hidden property貨幣 currency證券 securities債券 bond物權(quán)分類classification of right in rem/realright自物權(quán) jus in re propria; right of full ownership 所有權(quán) dominium; ownership; title 所有權(quán)憑證 document of title; title ofownership占有權(quán) dominium utile; equitable owne

28、rship 使用權(quán) right of use; right to use of收益權(quán) right to earnings; right to yields 處分權(quán) right of disposing; jus dispodendi 善意占有 possession in good faith惡意占有 malicious possession 按份共有 several possession 共同共有 joint possession 他物權(quán) jus in re aliena用益物權(quán)real right for usufruct使用權(quán)right to use; right of use土地使用權(quán)r

29、ight to the use of land林權(quán) forest ownership采礦權(quán)mining ownership6 / 15法律英語經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)managerial authority; power ofmanagement承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán) right to contracted management 相鄰權(quán) neighboring right; relatedright 地上權(quán) superficies永佃權(quán) jus emphyteuticum; right to landed estate granted in perpetuity through a contract地役權(quán)servitude

30、; easement人役權(quán) servitus personarum; personal servitude 擔(dān)保物權(quán) real right for security 物的擔(dān)保 security for thing物的瑕疵擔(dān)保warranty against defect of athing抵押權(quán)hypotheca; hypothecation; right tomortgage抵押權(quán)的設(shè)定creation of right to mortgage抵押人mortgagor抵押權(quán)人mortgagee抵押標(biāo)的物 collateral; estate under mortgage 抵押權(quán)的效力 def

31、fect of right to mortgage 抵押權(quán)的次序 sequence of right to mortgage 抵押權(quán)的拋棄 abandonment of right to mortgage抵押權(quán)的讓與 alienation of right to mortgage 抵押權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn) materialization of right to mortgage抵押權(quán)的消滅 extinction of right to mortgageregistration of estate under mortgage 抵押物登記 registration of estate undermortga

32、ge抵押優(yōu)先權(quán)priority of mortgage留置權(quán)l(xiāng)ien一般留置權(quán)general lien特別留置權(quán)special lien質(zhì)權(quán) hypotheque; pledge; right of pledge 佃權(quán) tenant right債權(quán) jus in personam; right to give or procure;claim; creditors right債權(quán)人creditor債務(wù)人debtor相對(duì)人 counterpart; offeree 給付 give; pay債務(wù) debt; liability; obligation 債務(wù)的償還 payment of debt 債

33、務(wù)的償清 discharge of debt 債務(wù)的擔(dān)保 guarantee of debt 債務(wù)的合并 consolidation of debt 債務(wù)的給付日期 debt maturity 債務(wù)的免除 exemption of debt 債的分類 obligatio; obligation 法定之債 legal obligation任意之債 voluntary obligation 簡(jiǎn)單之債 simple obligation選擇之債 alternative obligation 主債 prime/principal obligation 從債 accessory obligation單一

34、之債 single obligation 按份之債 several obligation 連帶之債 joint obligation 特定之債 certain obligation 種類之債 indefinite obligation7 / 15法律英語合同之債 contractual obligation 侵權(quán)行為之債 tort obligation損害賠償之債 obligation of compensation for injury; obligation of damages人身損害damage to person精神損害 moral/mental/spiritual damage 醫(yī)

35、藥費(fèi) hospital treatment expense醫(yī)療費(fèi)medical charge撫恤金pension慰問金 consolation money 產(chǎn)品瑕疵 defect of product 不當(dāng)?shù)美?unjust enrichment 無因管理 voluntary service債的擔(dān)保 guarantee of obligation 財(cái)產(chǎn)擔(dān)保 property guarantee 信用擔(dān)保 credit guarantee讓與擔(dān)保 alienation guarantee 保證 guaranty明示保證 express guaranty 默示保證 implied guaranty

36、 保證人 guarantor保證合同 contract of guaranty/suretyship 保證金 guaranty bond; security deposit 押金 deposit; foregift預(yù)付款 advanced payment 定金 earnest money; deposit 違約金 liquidated damages法定違約金liquidated damages by law約定違約金 liquidated damages by agreement 債的履行 performance of obligation 實(shí)際履行原則 doctrine of specif

37、icperformance情事變更原則doctrine of change ofcircumstances不當(dāng)履行misfeasance清償 discharge; satisfaction提存 debtors submission of the subject matter of obligation to competent authority抵銷 setoff知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)intellectual property知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)國(guó)際保護(hù)international protection ofintellectual property國(guó)民待遇原則 doctrine of national treatmen

38、t 優(yōu)先權(quán)原則 a right of priority doctrine自動(dòng)保護(hù)原則 doctrine of automatic protection 特許權(quán)使用費(fèi) royalties智力成果 intellectual property 著作權(quán) copyright 版權(quán) copyright著作權(quán)人 copyright owner 創(chuàng)作 creation作品 opus; product; work著作人格權(quán) right of personality of copyright 發(fā)表權(quán) right of publication署名權(quán) right of authorship; right of pat

39、ernity 修改權(quán) right of modification; right of revision 完整性保持權(quán) right to maintain integrity 不可侵犯權(quán) inviolability收回權(quán)right of recall; right of retrieval自費(fèi)出版 publish a book at the authors own expense8 / 15法律英語著作財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)property right in work使用收益分享權(quán) right to share usufruct 利用權(quán) right to make use of獲得報(bào)酬權(quán) right to ge

40、t payment 重播權(quán) right of rebroadcasting 錄制權(quán) right of fixation機(jī)械復(fù)制權(quán) right of mechanograph; right of mechanical reproduction著作鄰接權(quán) neighboring right of copyright 剽竊 plagiary; plagiarism 盜版 pirate盜版 VCD pirated VCD偽造 forge工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán) industrial property 專利權(quán) patent right 優(yōu)先權(quán)日 priority date申請(qǐng)?jiān)谙仍瓌t prior application

41、 rule 使用在先 priority of use 新穎性 novelty創(chuàng)造性creativity實(shí)用性practicability發(fā)明創(chuàng)造 invention and creation 實(shí)用新型 utility model外觀設(shè)計(jì) design; industrial design 發(fā)明權(quán) right of invention發(fā)現(xiàn)權(quán) right of discovery 專利申請(qǐng) patent application 專利異議 objection to a patent 專利公告 patent gazette專利續(xù)展費(fèi)renewal fee of patent專利許可協(xié)議patent l

42、icensing agreement技術(shù)訣竅know-how專有技術(shù)know-how專利證書certificate of patent專利事務(wù)所patent office專利代理patent agency中華人民共和國(guó)專利局 Patent Office of the Peoples Republic of China商標(biāo)權(quán)trademark right商標(biāo)國(guó)際注冊(cè)international registration oftrademark商品商標(biāo) commodity trademark 服務(wù)商標(biāo) service trademark 馳名商標(biāo) reputed trademark廣告商標(biāo) adve

43、rtisement trademark 近似商標(biāo) similar trademark商標(biāo)評(píng)審委員會(huì)trade review and appraisalboard商標(biāo)審查 trademark examination 商標(biāo)侵權(quán) trademark infringement 商標(biāo)注冊(cè) registered trademark 商標(biāo)公告 trademark gazette注冊(cè)商標(biāo)使用許可licensing of registeredtrademark注冊(cè)商標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)讓assignment of registeredtrademark商標(biāo)使用許可協(xié)議trademark licensingagreement商標(biāo)

44、事務(wù)所 trademark office 商標(biāo)代理 trademark agency婚姻、家庭、繼承、收養(yǎng)marriage, family,9 / 15法律英語inheritance, adoption婚姻法 marital law; marriage law 包辦婚姻 arranged marriage財(cái)產(chǎn)分割partition; dismemberment ofproperty重婚 bigamy獨(dú)生子女only child法律婚legal marriage非婚生子女illegitimate child夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn) community property 夫妻關(guān)系 conjugal relat

45、ionship夫妻分居 divorce a mensa et thoro; divorce from bed and board復(fù)婚 resumption of marriage 感情破裂 incompatibility婚后財(cái)產(chǎn)公證notarization of postnuptialproperties婚姻登記 marriage registration 婚生子女 ligitimate child 計(jì)劃生育 birth control結(jié)婚 marry離婚 divorce買賣婚姻mercenary marriage擬制血親 blood relations in fiction of law 旁

46、系血親 collateral relation blood relation 涉外婚姻 marriage with foreign elements 配偶 spouse事實(shí)婚de facto marriage訴訟離婚 divorce by litigation 探視權(quán) visitation right 同居 cohabitation晚婚 late marriage無效婚姻void marriage協(xié)議離婚 divorce by agreement 一夫一妻制 monogamy 早婚 early marriage直系血親lineal descent自然血親 natural blood relat

47、ion 收養(yǎng)法 adoption law收養(yǎng)協(xié)議 adoption agreement 收養(yǎng)人 adoptive parent送養(yǎng)人 person or institution placing out a child for adoption涉外收養(yǎng) adoption with foreign elements 繼承法 inheritance law; law of succession 法定繼承 legal seccession遺囑繼承 intestate succession 遺贈(zèng)繼承 succession by devise 自然繼承 natural succession代位繼承repr

48、esentation; succession bysubrogation世襲繼承 hereditary succession 間接繼承 indirect succession 轉(zhuǎn)繼承 subsuccession共同繼承joint succession單獨(dú)繼承single succession繼承人heir; successor第二順序繼承人 successor second in order 第一順序繼承人 successor first in order 繼承參與人 succession participant 遺產(chǎn) inheritance; heritage遺產(chǎn)繼承人heir to pro

49、perty; inheritor10 / 15法律英語遺言 last will and testament 遺書 last words遺贈(zèng) bequest; legacy; devise遺贈(zèng)撫養(yǎng)協(xié)議legacy-support agreement會(huì)計(jì)法accounting law稅法 tax law; taxation law反不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)法 anti-unfair competition law 消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)法 consumers interestprotection law產(chǎn)品責(zé)任法production liability law消費(fèi)者權(quán)益法consumer rights and inte

50、restslaw公司法 company law; corporate law 公司 company; corporation有限責(zé)任公司 limited liability company 股份有限公司 company limited by shares 無限公司 unlimited company股份兩合公司joint stock limited liabilitypartnership兩合公司 joint liability company 控股公司 holding company 集團(tuán)公司 group company合資公司joint venture company聯(lián)營(yíng)公司associa

51、ted company; affiliatedcompany國(guó)營(yíng)公司 state-own company 國(guó)有公司 state-owned company 民營(yíng)公司 civilian-run company本國(guó)公司 national/domestic company 外國(guó)公司 foreign company上市公司listed company母公司parent company子公司subsidiary皮包公司briefcase company; fundlesscompany募集設(shè)立 incorporation by stock floatation 發(fā)起人 floater; initiato

52、r公司名稱 name of company 公司住址 domicile of company出資 contribution; capital subscription 現(xiàn)金出資 investment in cash 實(shí)物出資 investment in kind工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)出資investment in industrialproperty right非專有技術(shù)出資investment in non-patenttechnology勞務(wù)出資investment in labor高新技術(shù)成果出資investment in hi-techachievements注冊(cè)資本 registered capital 實(shí)繳資本 paid-in capital驗(yàn)資報(bào)告capital verification report會(huì)計(jì)師事務(wù)所 certified public accountants 注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師 certifie