Chapter 2 商務(wù)英語翻譯技巧[講課適用]

1、翻譯的基本方法 n音譯 Transliteration n直譯 Literal Translation (word-for-word translation) n意譯 Free Translation (sense-for-sense translation) n藝術(shù)加工 1學(xué)校課堂 Sure, Bob, everybody talks about empowerment, but when the rubber hits the road, the bosses demand to have the last word. 譯文：當(dāng)然，Bob， 每個人都在談?wù)摲艡?quán)， 但真正開始執(zhí)行總要等老板的

2、最后決策。 What foreign businessmen find encouraging is that ideology is no longer in the drivers seat. 譯文：令外商感到鼓舞的是意識形態(tài)不再左 右一切了。 2學(xué)校課堂 1.Floating policy is actually a convenient method of insuring goods where a number of similar export transactions are intended. floating policy 總保險單; 指用以承包多批次貨運的一種持 續(xù)性長期

3、保險憑證，常譯為“統(tǒng)保單”。 譯：統(tǒng)保單是貨物保險的一種便利方法,適合分 不同時間出口的一批類似貨物。 3學(xué)校課堂 2. Without prejudice to any rights which exist under the applicable laws or under the Subcontract, the Contractor shall be entitled to withhold or defer payment of all or part of any sums otherwise due by the Contractor to the Subcontractor.

4、without prejudice to相當(dāng)于without affecting，意 為“在不損害的原則下”，“在不影 響的情況下”等等。 譯：在不影響按適用法律或分包合同享有任何 權(quán)利的情況下，承包商有權(quán)扣留或暫緩支付承 包商應(yīng)付給分包商的全部或部分到期金額。 4學(xué)校課堂 Translation Skills 5學(xué)校課堂 u2.1 英譯漢 u詞匯翻譯 u句子翻譯 u2.2 漢譯英 u詞匯翻譯 u句子翻譯 6學(xué)校課堂 u accept u maturity 1.Provided you fulfill the terms of the credit, we will accept and pa

5、y at maturity date. accept:承兌，認付（匯票等） maturity: 期滿 在貴公司履行信用證條款的條件下，我行將 承兌并于期滿時支付信用證項下提示的匯票。 7學(xué)校課堂 u outstanding u settlement 2.Regarding our outstanding account US $6,000, we must request you to send us immediately your check in settlement. outstanding: 未完結(jié)的，未清的，未付的 settlement: 支付，結(jié)帳 有關(guān)未付賬6，000美元，請立

6、即寄來支票，以便結(jié) 帳。 8學(xué)校課堂 Starbucks annual turnover is 60 million yuan. That company has a fast turnover because of poor working conditions. turnover: 營業(yè)額；人員更換率 9學(xué)校課堂 u根據(jù)語境確定詞義 a.We are sorry to say we had to lodge a claim against you to cover our loss and hope you will take action immediately. 十分遺憾地奉告，我方不

7、得不向你方提出索賠以 彌補我方損失，并希望盡快落實。 b.This is the balance to cover the check. 這是準(zhǔn)備用來交付支票的存款余額。 10學(xué)校課堂 a. Once the jewels were safely locked up in the bank he had no more anxieties about their security. b.He gave his house as a security. c.Treasury securities are revalued daily. security: 安全; 抵押品，擔(dān)保品; 證券，債券 1

8、1學(xué)校課堂 u根據(jù)專業(yè)確定詞義 a.They give 10% discount for cash payment. b.The exporter may take the accepted bill to a discount bank before the maturity if he is in urgent need of the amount of money. 出口商如果急需用這筆錢,他可以把這個承兌了的匯票拿 去貼現(xiàn)銀行貼現(xiàn)。 c.If the forward exchange rate is higher than the spot rate, we call it forwa

9、rd premium, and if it is lower, we call it forward discount. 如果遠期匯率比即期匯率高，我們稱之為遠期升水;如果 遠期比即期低，我們稱之為遠期貼水。 discount 貼現(xiàn)銀行貼現(xiàn)（銀行金融） 貼水（金融外匯） 12學(xué)校課堂 u根據(jù)搭配關(guān)系確定詞義 a.The above quoted are the articles in great demand, which have won a high reputation in various markets. 上述報價的商品均為暢銷貨物，它們已在世界各 地市場上贏得很高的聲譽。 b.Th

10、e articles in this agreement must not be modified and ended without the agreement by both parties. 本協(xié)議中所列條款未經(jīng)雙方一致同意不得變動和 修改。 article: 商品；條款 13學(xué)校課堂 The dollars remain strong against several important currencies. Canada is the biggest U.S. trading partner, accounting for more than 20% of both exports

11、and imports, and the Canadian dollar is at all time low against the U.S. dollar. 美元對幾個國家的貨幣保持堅挺。加拿大是 美國最大的貿(mào)易伙伴，占了美國進出口總額 的20%。目前加元對美元比價處于歷史最低 點。 14學(xué)校課堂 u普通詞匯，特殊意義 In order to market our new product, we have printed fine literature. literature 普通英語中，文學(xué); 商務(wù)英語中，printedmatters,including leaflets,instruc

12、tion,productcatalogue, price list, etc. (文字宣傳資料，諸如產(chǎn)品說明書、產(chǎn) 品目錄、價目表等) 15學(xué)校課堂 However, the tariff should not be greater in amount that the margin of price caused by dumping. 譯文:但是，(反傾銷)關(guān)稅稅額不應(yīng)比因傾銷而 獲得的毛利潤高。 dumping， 在商業(yè)領(lǐng)域被引申為“傾銷”。 margin， 在商務(wù)英語中有“利潤、毛額、押金、保證 金”的意義。 16學(xué)校課堂 When Peter Welch, president of

13、Cussons Polska and Uroda SA, arrived at Cussons newly acquired factory in Poland in 1993, he discovered that the concept of teamwork didnt exist. acquire 在商務(wù)英語中，“收購” 當(dāng)卡森波蘭公司和烏諾達股份有限公司總裁彼 得維奇剛到在波蘭新并購的工廠時， 他發(fā)現(xiàn)那 兒根本不存在團隊合作的概念。 注釋:Uroda SA: 烏諾達股份有限公司。SA 是法 語，有時也寫成 或S.A.。意思是“股份有限公 司”。 17學(xué)校課堂 u半專業(yè)詞匯 The b

14、ill of exchange shall be accepted first and then can be honored by the acceptor. honor ，“兌現(xiàn)、承付”的意思。 該匯票應(yīng)先承兌，然后由承兌方進行支付。 18學(xué)校課堂 If all the terms and conditions in the credit are not complied with, the exporter may run the risk of his draft being dishonored by the bank. 商務(wù)英語中， dishonor 指銀行“退票、拒付”。 如果信

15、用證的條款不一致，出口商的匯票有可 能遭到銀行拒付。 19學(xué)校課堂 u專業(yè)詞匯 lot Labels: labels attached to each piece of multiple lot shipment for identification purposes. Lot Labels: 貨票標(biāo)簽 貨票標(biāo)簽：給多批貨物每件貼上標(biāo)簽以便于識別。 20學(xué)校課堂 保險費 賠償 房屋出租 財產(chǎn)出租 停業(yè) 貨幣升值 npremium nindemnity ntenancy nlease of property nwind up/cease a business nappreciation of m

16、oney 21學(xué)校課堂 1.The premium rates vary with differed interests insured. 2.If the buyer fails to pay any account when due, the buyer shall be liable to pay the seller overdue interest on such unpaid amount from the due date until the actual date of payment at the rate of five percent per annum, such ov

17、erdue interest shall be paid upon demand of the seller. 3.The articles of our immediate interest are your “CHON-HOI” brand Agricultural Washing Machines. （保險費率）（保險費率） 被保險的貨物被保險的貨物 逾期利息逾期利息 興趣興趣 22學(xué)校課堂 1.拆句法 2.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換法 3.肯定否定轉(zhuǎn)換譯法 4.語序重組法 5.省譯法 6.增譯法 7.重復(fù)法 23學(xué)校課堂 If a Party breaches any of the representa

18、tions or warranties given by it in Articles 18.1 or repeated in 18.2, then in addition to any other remedies available to the other party under this contract or under Applicable Laws, it shallindemnifyand keep indemnified the other Party and the company against any losses, damages, costs, expenses,

19、liabilities and claims that such Party or the Company may suffer as a result of such breach. 24學(xué)校課堂 首先，找出全句的主干結(jié)構(gòu)； 其次，要找出句子中所有的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)、非謂語 結(jié)構(gòu)、介詞短語和從句的引導(dǎo)詞； 然后再分析從句和短句的功能； 最后，分析句子中是否有固定搭配，插入語等 其他成分。 25學(xué)校課堂 If a Party breaches any of the representations or warranties given by it in Articles 18.1, then in a

20、ddition to any other remedies available to the other party under this contract or under Applicable Laws, it shallindemnifyand keep indemnified the other Party and the company against any losses, damages, costs, expenses, liabilities and claims that such Party or the Company may suffer as a result of

21、 such breach. 第一步，拆分句子：第一步，拆分句子： 1.If a Party breaches in Articles 18.1 2.then in addition to Applicable laws 3.it shall indemnify and costs, expenses, liabilities and claims 4.that such Party or as a result of such breach. 26學(xué)校課堂 If a Party breaches any of the representations or warranties given by

22、 it in Articles 18.1, then in addition to any other remedies available to the other party under this contract or under Applicable Laws, it shallindemnifyand keep indemnified the other Party and the company against any losses, damages, costs, expenses, liabilities and claims that such Party or the Co

23、mpany may suffer as a result of such breach. 第二步，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)分析：第二步，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)分析： 句的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是主語（It）（情態(tài)動詞 動詞原形）（shall indemnify and keep indemnifiedagainst） 賓語（the other Party and the Company）； “if”引導(dǎo)的是條件從句，條件句的賓語部分跟隨后置定語（given by it in Articles 18. 1 ）； “in addition to”引導(dǎo)的是增補成分，其核心詞remedies也跟了后置定 語（available to the

24、 other Party under this contract or under Applicable laws）； 而“that”引導(dǎo)的則是后置定語修飾緊鄰的五個名詞； 固定結(jié)構(gòu)“indemnify sb. against ”使某人不受 27學(xué)校課堂 If a Party breaches any of the representations or warranties given by it in Articles 18.1, then in addition to any other remedies available to the other party under this co

25、ntract or under Applicable Laws, it shallindemnifyand keep indemnified the other Party and the company against any losses, damages, costs, expenses, liabilities and claims that such Party or the Company may suffer as a result of such breach. 如果一方違反任何其根據(jù)第18.1條所做的陳述或擔(dān) 保，則另一方除根據(jù)本合同或適用法律尋求任何可 能的救濟之外，違約方

26、應(yīng)當(dāng)賠償另一方或合營公司 因此種違約行為而招致的任何損失、損害、費用、 開支、責(zé)任或索賠。 28學(xué)校課堂 The Buyer may, within 15 days after arrival of the goods at the destination, lodge a claim against the Seller for short-weight being supported by Inspection Certificate issued by a reputable public surveyor. 分析：分析：這是一個簡單長句，其主干為The Buyers maylodge

27、a claim。修飾謂語動詞的狀語有三個： a.分別表示時間within 15 days after arrival of the goods at the destination b.方式being supported by Inspection Certificate issued by a reputable public surveyor和 c.目的for short-weight 譯文：譯文：貨物抵達目的港15天內(nèi)，買方可以憑有信譽 的公共檢驗員出示的檢驗證明向賣方提出短重索賠 。 29學(xué)校課堂 In order to facilitate business in considera

28、tion of the present monetary stringency（銀根緊）, the corporation, on behalf of which I am studying this proposition, is willing to base transaction on trade by barter（易貨貿(mào)易） and would import any articles, which you would ship to the United States. 直譯：為便于交易，考慮到最近銀根很緊，本人正在研 究這筆交易所代表的公司希望以易貨貿(mào)易為基礎(chǔ)進行交 易，并進口你

29、方能運到美國的任何商品。 拆句組合后：最近銀根很緊，為謀求達成交易，本人代 表公司正在研究如何做成這筆交易。我們希望以易貨貿(mào) 易為基礎(chǔ)，進口你方能運到美國的任何商品。 30學(xué)校課堂 2. He is a good observer. 3. Access to the Internet is very simple. 1. Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 火箭已經(jīng)用來探索宇宙?；鸺呀?jīng)用來探索宇宙。 他善于觀察。他善于觀察。 上上互聯(lián)網(wǎng)很簡單。互聯(lián)網(wǎng)很簡單。 4. Nylon is nearl

30、y twice as strong as natural silk. 尼龍的尼龍的強度強度尼龍的強度幾乎是天然絲的兩倍尼龍的強度幾乎是天然絲的兩倍。 31學(xué)校課堂 將英語名詞轉(zhuǎn)換成漢語動詞，譯文更符合漢語的表達習(xí) 將英語名詞轉(zhuǎn)換成漢語動詞，譯文更符合漢語的表達習(xí) 慣。因為與英語相比，漢語句子中動詞用得多，除了大量的慣。因為與英語相比，漢語句子中動詞用得多，除了大量的 動賓結(jié)構(gòu)外，還有很多連動式、兼語式等兩個以上動詞連用動賓結(jié)構(gòu)外，還有很多連動式、兼語式等兩個以上動詞連用 的現(xiàn)象。因此，英語中不少詞類，如名詞、動名詞、介詞、的現(xiàn)象。因此，英語中不少詞類，如名詞、動名詞、介詞、 形容詞、副詞等在英

31、譯漢時往往需要進行一定的調(diào)整，轉(zhuǎn)譯形容詞、副詞等在英譯漢時往往需要進行一定的調(diào)整，轉(zhuǎn)譯 成漢語動詞。當(dāng)然，英語的名詞化和漢語的動詞化并不排除成漢語動詞。當(dāng)然，英語的名詞化和漢語的動詞化并不排除 在英譯漢時把英語動詞轉(zhuǎn)化成漢語的名詞，在英譯漢時把英語動詞轉(zhuǎn)化成漢語的名詞，再再如：如： 美國與德國汽車制造商在歐洲市場美國與德國汽車制造商在歐洲市場競爭得競爭得異常激烈，迫使我們異常激烈，迫使我們 不得不改變投資計劃。（英語名詞轉(zhuǎn)換成漢語動詞）不得不改變投資計劃。（英語名詞轉(zhuǎn)換成漢語動詞） Extremely keen competition between American and German v

32、ehicle manufacturers in the European market has compelled us to change our investment plan 32學(xué)校課堂 1. A government report targets earnings from industry at US $ 200 billion by 2008. 2. The cost of making goods can be drastically lowered by means of mass-production. 政府的一份報告提出一個指標(biāo)：到2008年，要使工業(yè)收入達到 2 000

33、 億美元。（英語動詞轉(zhuǎn)換成漢語名詞） 通過批量生產(chǎn)可以大幅度降低生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品的成本。（英語介詞轉(zhuǎn)化 成漢語動詞） 3. Before World War II the most successful attempt to reduce tariffs by reciprocal bargaining was the trade agreements program of the United States, which was limited, however, by its bilateral nature. 第二次世界大戰(zhàn)之前，通過互相談判降低關(guān)稅的最成功的努力是美 國的貿(mào)易協(xié)定計劃，但是這一

34、計劃受其雙邊性質(zhì)的限制。（英語代 詞轉(zhuǎn)換成漢語名詞） 33學(xué)校課堂 4. Advertising affects tremendously every sphere of modern life. 5. The fair price connected with the superiority of varieties of our products will be able to guarantee our competitive edge in the international market. 廣告對現(xiàn)代生活的方方面面產(chǎn)生極大的影響。（英語副詞轉(zhuǎn)換成 漢語形容詞） 我方各種各樣的產(chǎn)品價格

35、公平，品質(zhì)優(yōu)良，能夠確保在國際市 場的競爭優(yōu)勢。（英語名詞轉(zhuǎn)換成漢語形容詞）。 34學(xué)校課堂 2. I have the honor to inform you that the new products of yours have entered the international markets. 我榮幸地告訴你，貴公司的新產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)打入了國際市場。我榮幸地告訴你，貴公司的新產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)打入了國際市場。 （名詞轉(zhuǎn)換成副詞）（名詞轉(zhuǎn)換成副詞） 3. Lin Zexu believed that a successful ban of the trade in opium must be prece

36、ded by the destruction of the drug itself. 林則徐認為，要成功地禁止鴉片，就得首先把鴉片焚毀。林則徐認為，要成功地禁止鴉片，就得首先把鴉片焚毀。 （形容詞（形容詞+名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為副詞名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為副詞 +動詞，名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為動詞）動詞，名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為動詞） 1. Males and females are equal in their right to inheritance. （形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞；介詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞） 繼承權(quán)男女平等。繼承權(quán)男女平等。 35學(xué)校課堂 There must be less empty talk and more hard work. For

37、 20 years we were passive witnesses to the deterioration of prices of our raw materials and an excessive increase of the prices of manufactured goods. （名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為動詞） 一定要少說空話，多做工作。一定要少說空話，多做工作。 （形容詞名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為副詞動詞） 二十年來我們坐視原材料價格下跌與工業(yè)品價格暴漲（的情況）。二十年來我們坐視原材料價格下跌與工業(yè)品價格暴漲（的情況）。 36學(xué)校課堂 Amplification (增詞法增詞法) By ampli

38、fication we mean supplying necessary words in our translation work so as to make the version correct and clear, to make it more like the language translated into. Of course words thus supplied must be indispensable either syntactically or semantically. In other words, a translator is not supposed to

39、 add any meaning to the original. There are two kinds: 1)Words for syntactic construction to secure correctness, 2)Words supplied for semantic completionto secure clearness. Both aim at making the version expressive and readily understood by the reader. 37學(xué)校課堂 增詞法（增詞法（AmplificationAmplification）：）：

40、1) 增補同義詞 2) 增補范疇詞 3) 增補產(chǎn)品名稱 38學(xué)校課堂 晚上在參加宴會、出席音樂會、觀看乒乓球表演之后，他還得晚上在參加宴會、出席音樂會、觀看乒乓球表演之后，他還得 起草最后公報。起草最后公報。 2. Our product is indeed cheap and fine. 我們的產(chǎn)品物美價廉。我們的產(chǎn)品物美價廉。 3. Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; writing an exact man. 讀書使人充實，討論使人機智，寫作使人準(zhǔn)確。讀書使人充實，討論使人機智，寫作使人準(zhǔn)確。 Warm up 1. In t

41、he evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqu. 39學(xué)校課堂 The innovation of products is one of the reform measures of the SOEs because it can decrease loss, cost and budget. 產(chǎn)品的革新是國企改革措施之一，因為它可以產(chǎn)品的革新是國企改革措施之一，因為它可以減少減少

42、損損 失、失、降低降低成本成本并并削減削減預(yù)算。預(yù)算。 如果直譯成：“產(chǎn)品的革新是國企改革措施之一，因為它可以減 少損失、成本和預(yù)算。”那么，句中的“減少”和“成本”的搭 配就不妥當(dāng)，所以有必要增補相應(yīng)的漢語詞匯。 40學(xué)校課堂 Investor confidence is crucial to the success of our economic system. 投資者的信心對于經(jīng)濟體系的成功投資者的信心對于經(jīng)濟體系的成功運行運行至關(guān)重要至關(guān)重要 。 Both the buyer and the seller are busy at negotiations of business, co

43、ntract and draft. 買賣雙方正忙于交易買賣雙方正忙于交易磋商磋商，合約，合約談判談判和匯票和匯票議付議付 。 如果直譯為：“買賣雙方正忙于交易，合約和匯票的磋商 ?！蹦敲矗按枭獭焙汀昂霞s”及“匯票”的搭配也不準(zhǔn) 確，因此，需要譯者根據(jù)漢語的搭配習(xí)慣做出增補。 41學(xué)校課堂 在英譯漢過程中考慮到漢語的表達習(xí)慣，經(jīng)常增加的 范疇詞有：方法、措施、情況、情緒、狀態(tài)、現(xiàn)象、 方面、問題、關(guān)系、工作等。 The changes of requirements for the commodities in the market are affected by the internal a

44、nd external factors. 影響市場對商品需求的影響市場對商品需求的變化情況變化情況有內(nèi)因和外因有內(nèi)因和外因兩方面兩方面 的因素的因素。 如果直譯就是：影響市場對商品需求的變化有內(nèi)因和外因兩方面 。但若添加范疇詞“情況”、“方面”等來修飾相應(yīng)的抽象名詞 ，changes和 factors 更加具體、明確，符合漢語的修辭需要。 42學(xué)校課堂 1.The tension in the Middle East has attracted much attention. 中東的中東的緊張局勢緊張局勢已引起了全世界的廣泛關(guān)注。已引起了全世界的廣泛關(guān)注。 2.The terms of the

45、 contract must be clear, definite, certain and complete. 合同條款必須合同條款必須書寫書寫清楚、清楚、意思意思明確、明確、語氣語氣肯定、肯定、內(nèi)容內(nèi)容完備。完備。 Unless these issues are addressed as a matter of urgency, the consequent de-motivation of staff will undoubtedly have a negative impact on the performance of the company. 如果這些問題得不到緊急解決，員工隊伍中

46、隨之出現(xiàn)的如果這些問題得不到緊急解決，員工隊伍中隨之出現(xiàn)的消極消極 怠工情緒怠工情緒無疑將對公司的整個運營業(yè)績產(chǎn)生負面影響。無疑將對公司的整個運營業(yè)績產(chǎn)生負面影響。 43學(xué)校課堂 混亂混亂局面局面 飽和飽和狀態(tài)狀態(tài) 廢物廢物回收利用回收利用 準(zhǔn)備準(zhǔn)備工作工作 管理管理部門部門 冗冗員員，多余，多余信息信息 補救補救措施措施 解決解決方案方案 修改修改方案方案 有利有利地位地位 落后落后狀態(tài)狀態(tài) . confusion saturation recycling preparation management redundancy remedies solution modification adv

47、antage backwardness 44學(xué)校課堂 說服說服工作工作 緊張緊張局勢局勢 自滿自滿情緒情緒 瘋狂瘋狂行為行為 敵對敵對態(tài)度態(tài)度 褻瀆褻瀆行為行為 軍事軍事, ,政治政治, ,經(jīng)濟經(jīng)濟等方面等方面 . persuasion tension arrogance madness antagonism profanity militarily, politically and economically 45學(xué)校課堂 詞義對于英文中缺失的產(chǎn)品名稱，翻譯時有時要根據(jù)具 體情況增補出來。如： The price which society pays for the law of compet

48、ition, like the price it pays for cheap comforts and luxuries, is also great. 社會為競爭法則付出的代價，猶如它為便宜的社會為競爭法則付出的代價，猶如它為便宜的舒適家舒適家 用商品用商品和和高檔消費品高檔消費品的代價一樣巨大。的代價一樣巨大。 comfort 和 luxury 都是抽象名詞，但在構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)后，詞義就具 體化了。否則該句就會產(chǎn)生這樣的誤譯：社會的競爭法則付出的 代價猶如它為便宜的舒適和奢侈付出的代價一樣巨大。 46學(xué)校課堂 The five Toyota, twenty Hitachi and thirty

49、 Fuji Xerox have long been ready for shipment, but shipment cannot be effected because of the late arrival of your L/C. 5 5輛豐田牌汽車，輛豐田牌汽車，2020臺日立牌電視機和臺日立牌電視機和3030臺富士施樂牌臺富士施樂牌 復(fù)印機早已備妥待運，但因你方信用證延遲到達，貨復(fù)印機早已備妥待運，但因你方信用證延遲到達，貨 物不能按期裝運。物不能按期裝運。 原文中Toyota，Hitachi，Xerox都為世界知名品牌，在翻譯時要 按漢語的習(xí)慣用法把他們的產(chǎn)品名稱補充完整，才能使

50、譯文具體 明了。 47學(xué)校課堂 to leave out some unnecessary words. One of the differences in syntax between English and Chinese is the disparity in wording. What is regarded as a natural or indispensable element in one language may be regarded as superfluous or even “a stumbling block” in the other. For the sake

51、of succinctness, functional words in English such as the article, the preposition are usually omitted in translation. See examples: 48學(xué)校課堂 A difference arose between the neighbors over the height of the fence. 鄰居之間為了籬笆的高度惹起了一場爭論。 鄰居為籬笆的高低有過爭論。 （思果，譯道探微，中國對外翻譯出版公司， 2002） P149。 Fight when you can win;

52、 move away when you cannot win. 打得贏就打;打不贏就走。 49學(xué)校課堂 It was a keen disappointment when I had to postpone the visit which I had intended to pay to China in May. I was delighted when, as a result of the effort of your company, it proved possible to reinstate the visit so quickly. 原打算五月份訪華，后不得不推遲，深感失望。由

53、于貴 公司的努力，訪問這么快得以重新安排，非常高興。 減詞是指將原文中需要、而譯文中又不需要的詞語省去。減省的 詞語應(yīng)是那些在譯文中保留下來反而使行文累贅嚕嗦、且不合漢 語語言表達習(xí)慣的詞語。 減詞一般用于以下兩種情況：一是從語法角度進行減??；二是從 修飾角度進行減省，但總體效果無非是在更透徹地理解原文基礎(chǔ) 上更流暢地表達出來。 50學(xué)校課堂 A teacher should have patience in his work. The products should be sampled to check their quality before they leave the factory

54、. I framed the words in my mind, “Pardon me, but have I done something to offend you?” （省略冠詞） 當(dāng)老師的應(yīng)當(dāng)有耐心。當(dāng)老師的應(yīng)當(dāng)有耐心。 （省略冠詞） 產(chǎn)品出廠前應(yīng)該進行抽樣質(zhì)檢。產(chǎn)品出廠前應(yīng)該進行抽樣質(zhì)檢。 （省略介詞和名詞） 我心里在嘀咕：我心里在嘀咕：“對不起，我有什么舉止行為冒犯你了嗎？對不起，我有什么舉止行為冒犯你了嗎？” With the weather so stuffy, ten to one itll rain presently. 天這樣悶，很可能就要下雨了。天這樣悶，很可能就要下雨

55、了。 University applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not. （省略介詞） 報考大學(xué)的人中，有工作經(jīng)驗的優(yōu)先錄取。報考大學(xué)的人中，有工作經(jīng)驗的優(yōu)先錄取。 51學(xué)校課堂 1. Unless you propose something definite together with larger improvement on your price, we are not inclined to place a large order. 2. Neither party

56、 shall cancel the contract without sufficient cause or reason. 3. Delivery must be effected within the time stated on the purchase order. 4. We took this opportunity to inform you that we are now in a position to make a prompt shipment of the merchandise. 作業(yè)作業(yè) 52學(xué)校課堂 1.Unless you propose something d

57、efinite together with larger improvement on your price, we are not inclined to place a large order. 除非你方提供具體建議，并較大幅度地降低價格，否 則，我們是不會大批訂貨的。 2.Neither party shall cancel the contract without sufficient cause or reason. 雙方均不得無故解除合同。 3.Delivery must be effected within the time stated on the purchase orde

58、r. 必須在購貨單規(guī)定的時間交貨。 4.We took this opportunity to inform you that we are now in a position to make a prompt shipment of the merchandise. 茲奉告，該商品可即期裝運。 作業(yè)作業(yè) 53學(xué)校課堂 We should learn how to analyze and solve problems. 我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會如何分析我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會如何分析問題問題和解決問題。和解決問題。 The big company has its disadvantages. 大企業(yè)有大企業(yè)有大企業(yè)大企業(yè)的難處。的難處。 Managing multinationals means handling both national and organizational culture differences at the same time. 管理跨國公司意味著要同時處理民族管理跨國公司意味著要同時處理民族文化差異文化差異與組與組 織文化差異?？椢幕町?。 54學(xué)校課堂 1. He became an oil baronall by himself. 2. Last year, the output of coal in this r