2019年初高中銜接英語語法《定語從句》專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1、2019 年初高中銜接英語語法定語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1. 定語從句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，起定詞作用， 修飾名詞或代詞2. 定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞的三種功用:(1)引導(dǎo)定語從句 (2)替代先行詞(3)在定語從句中充當(dāng)一 定的成分。3. 解題要領(lǐng):根據(jù)定語從句中所缺成分來確定是用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞，決不要因先行 詞是時(shí)間名詞就用 when，是地點(diǎn)名詞就用 where。4. 當(dāng)先行詞指物時(shí)，許多情況下既可以用關(guān)系代詞which，也可以用關(guān)系代詞 that，但在 下列情況下，只能使用關(guān)系代詞 that。(1)當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞 all，much，little，something，everything，anythin

2、g，nothing， none，the one 時(shí)。例如:do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?you should hand in all that you have.(2)當(dāng)先行詞前面有 only，any，few，little，no， all，very 等詞修飾時(shí)。例如:this is the very book that im looking for.the only thing that we can do is to give you some money.(3)當(dāng)先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)或它的前 面有形容詞最高級(jí)

3、修飾時(shí)。例如:this is the best that has been used against pollution.this is the most interesting film that ive ever seen.(4)當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或它前有一個(gè)序數(shù)詞時(shí)，例如this train is the last that will go to huangzhou.what is the first american film that you have seen?(5)當(dāng)先行詞既人又有物時(shí)，例如:do you know the things and persons that they

4、are talking about?(6)當(dāng)主句的主語是疑句詞 who 或 which 時(shí)。例如:which is the bike that you lost?who is the boy that won the gold medal?有兩個(gè)定語從句時(shí)，其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞正用 which，另外一個(gè)空用 that。例如:they secretly built up a small factory which produced things that could cause pollution.例 2、lily took a few friends to my birthday party，no

5、ne of _ i was familiar with. awhich bwhose cthat dwhom“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定詞從句是定詞從句中較復(fù)雜的一種， 一般多用于上式文件中。此類定語從句的關(guān)系代詞主要有 which， whom，whose。它們既可引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，又可引導(dǎo)非限制性 定語從句。學(xué)習(xí)這種定語從句時(shí)主注意以下幾種情況:一、注意介詞的先取。在“介詞 +關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，介詞的選取應(yīng)根據(jù)以下 幾點(diǎn):1.根據(jù)介詞和定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭配。例如:who is the man with whom you just shook hands?the two th

6、ings about which karl marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms.2.根據(jù)定語從句意思的需要，此時(shí)前后搭配都要注 意。例如:he had a bad cold,because of which he didnt attend the meeting.the speed at which the car runs depends on the road condition.3.根據(jù)意思可用復(fù)雜介詞，如 by means of，as a result of，in front of，in the back

7、of，a11 of，most of 等，例如:the instrument by means of which the temperature is measured is called thermometer.there are forty students in the classroom, all of whom are working hard at a problem in maths.二、注意關(guān)系代詞的選取。在 “介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞 ”引導(dǎo)的空語從句中，如果，關(guān)系代詞 指事物就用 which;如果指人則用 whom;若表示“”的則用 whose.例如:this is the cla

8、ssroom in which we studied last yearhe lives in a house, whose door opens to then north.注意“介詞 + where”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。有時(shí)有閱讀過程中我們會(huì)碰到“介詞 + where”引導(dǎo)的定語從句，此時(shí)要和“介詞+which”引導(dǎo)的定語從句從意義上加以區(qū)別。例如:they stood on the top of the building, from where they could see the whole city. ( fromwhere 相當(dāng)于) from the top of the buildi

9、ng,而不是 from the building)例 3. the number of smokers, is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.關(guān)系代詞 as 既可引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性性定語從句，as 在從句中1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.作主語、賓語、表語。1.as 引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句時(shí)，一般用于下列句式:such +名詞 +as. 像ll 之類the same +名詞 +as. 和ll 同樣的其中關(guān)系代詞 as 在從句中可擔(dān)當(dāng)主語、賓語或表語。例如:we have found such mat

10、erials as are used in their factory. (作主語)such people as y ou describe are thought to be fools nowadays. (作賓語)he is not the same man as he was(作表語)(2).such as .這里 such 為代詞，意思是“這樣的人或物”，as 在從句中擔(dān)任成分，修飾先行詞 such。 例如:he turned out to be very successful,which was more than we could expect.as is known to al

11、l, edison invented the telephone.as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有時(shí)還可插入主句中，而 which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能置于主語之后。相同的是兩者都可代指主句的整 個(gè)內(nèi)容，而不是主句中的某一個(gè)詞。例如:he turned out to be very successful,which was more than we could exp ect.as is known to all, edison invented the telephone.強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練finally, the thief handed everything _

12、he had stolen to the police.a. after b. what c. whatever d. thathis parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _family was poor.a. of whom b. whom c. of whose d. whoseall _is needed is a supply of oil.a. the thing b. that c. what d. whichshe heard a terrible noise, _brought her heart into her mouth.a. it

13、b. which c. this d. thatin the dark street, there wasnt a single person _she could turn for help.a. that b. who c. from whom d. to whomwho is the man _is standing over there?a. whom b. which c. that d. hewho is the man _you just talked to?a. x b. which c. whoever d. whosewang hai is the student _hom

14、e caught fire last night.a. which b. that c. whom d. whoseis this the pen _you were writing?10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.a. with that b. with which c. to that d. to whichher bag, _she put all her books, has not been found.a. where b. in which c. which d. thatthe solide

15、r ran to the building, _flew a flag.a. on the top of which b. on the top of that c. on the top of it d. whichi still remember the day _we got married.a. that b. which c. in which d. whenthe factory _his mother works is in the east of the city.a. that b. which c. on which d. wherethe house_ windows o

16、pen to the south is zhang shans.a. which b. that c. whose d. itsthe shop isnt far away, _i bought three pairs of compasses.a. which b. where c. at the place d. at the place wherehe tried to find a hammer _he could repair the desk.a. through which b. with which c. by which d. using which he came to t

17、he city, _there is a famous tower called yellow carne tower.a. on which b. in where c. which d. wherethey talked for about an hour of things and persons _they remembered in the school. a. which b. that c. who d. whomthat is the only dictionary _he often turns to for help.a. which b. that c. what d.

18、oneall the pencils _she had bought at a chap price broke.a. which b. that c. what d. thoseis oxygen the only gas _helps fire burn?a. that b. x c. which d. it what about the photo? its much better than _she took last week.a. that b. which c. the one d. onehe has dropped the necklace to the drawer _th

19、e money is kept.a. in where b. in which c. under which d. whichits the fifth time _late this term.a. that youve arrived b. that you arrived c. when youve arrivedd. when you arrivedeach time _she came to see me she would advise me to give up smoking.a. as b. during c. while d. xit is the playground _

20、i picked up this jacket.a. in which b. that c. from there d. wherewe are going to spend the spring festival in beijing, _live my uncle and some relatives.a. which b. that c. where d. in whichshe must fail the exam, _can be seen from her eyes.a. that b. as c. who d. whatthe stadiums, _were already fu

21、ll, were surrounded by a lot of football fans who had30.31.32.33.34.35.36.37.38.39.40.41.42.43.44.45.46.47.48.49.no tickets.a. most of that b. most of which c. which most d. that most mr. frank, _everybody loves, has gone to the uk.a. whom b. that c. which d. xhis glasses, _he was like a blind man,

22、were missing.a. with which b. with it c. without which d. without iti, _your husband, will stand by you.a. who is b. that is c. who am d. that amour teacher is a man of great experience, _much can be learned.a. who b. how c. from which d. from whom he makes good use of the time _he can spare.a. when

23、 b. that c. on which d. whosuch people _you refer to are rare nowadays.a. as b. that c. which d. whowell never forget the days_ we spent together last summer.a. when b. that c. how d. on which the five storeyed building over there, _was set up three years ago, is our teaching building.a. it b. that

24、c. where d. whichit is the best film_ ive seen this year.a. that b. which c. since d. andi often hear from my brother, _works as a doctor.a. that b. who c. he d. whomlast year i visited the house_ i used to live in my thirties.a. which b. that c. in that d. wherethe old woman _wasnt her mother.a. af

25、ter whom she looked b. who she looked afterc. after who she looked d. whose she looked afterthe day_ i was to start arrived at last.a. that b. which c. on which d. in thatthe old man has two daughters, _are nurses.a. two of whom b. both of whom c. all of them d. neither of them can you lend me _dict

26、ionary _was used yesterday?a. such; which b. same; as c. such a; that d. the same; as the lab _is on the second floor.a. we did the experiment b. we did the experiment inc. where we did the experiment in d. which we did the experimentis that the reason _you dont agree with me?a. what b. which c. why

27、 d. makinghe joined the army in the year_ the anti-japanese war broke out.a. when b. which c. in that d. during which is this book _you borrowed from the library?a. which b. that c. what d. the onethat is the car _they got here.50.51.52.53.54.55.56.57.a. by which b. in which c. on which d. from whic

28、h there is something wrong with the tv set _last month.a. i bought b. which i bought it c. i bought it d. what i bought can you tell me the man_ house you lived for years?a. in his b. whose c. in whose d. of whichthe stories about the famous scientist, _this is one example, are well written.a. in which b. about which c. on which d. of whichshe _has a good ear for music often takes part in concerts.a. x b. that c. who d. whichher hand