2017-2018學(xué)年高中英語 Unit 1 Cultural relics Section Ⅲ Grammar-限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句教學(xué)案 2

1、學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精unit 1 cultural relics section grammar-限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句語法圖解探究發(fā)現(xiàn)this gift was the amber room， whichwas given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.the amber whichwas selected had a beautiful yellowbrown colour like honey.however, the next king of prussia， frederick

2、 william , to whom the amber room belonged， decided not to keep it。later， catherine had the amber room moved to a palace outside st petersburg whereshe spent her summers。this was a time when the two countries were at war.there is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for knigsberg, whichw

3、as at that time a german city on the baltic sea。我的發(fā)現(xiàn)(1）例句中含which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句；例句中含which引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句；在形式上非限制性定語從句與限制性定語從句的區(qū)別在于:關(guān)系詞前是否有逗號。（2）以上例句中含非限制性定語從句的有;含限制性定語從句的有。一、定語從句的種類根據(jù)定語從句與先行詞之間關(guān)系的緊密程度，我們將定語從句分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句兩種。1限制性定語從句限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語，用于修飾和限定先行詞.如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整。這種從句和主句的關(guān)系十分密切，兩者之間不用逗號

4、分開；關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語時可以省略。引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有who， whom, whose, that, which， as；關(guān)系副詞有where， when， why。this is the computer （that/which） he bought for his son yesterday。這是他昨天為兒子買的電腦。the woman who/that survived the earthquake is amys english teacher.在地震中幸存的那個女人是埃米的英語老師。2非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句和主句的關(guān)系不是十分密切，只是對先行詞或主句作些附加

5、說明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號分開。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系詞與引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句的關(guān)系詞略有不同。除that和why不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句外，其他都可以。he is english, which i know from his accent。他是英國人,那是我通過他的口音知道的。i heard a terrible noise， which brought my heart into my mouth.我聽到了一個可怕的聲音，這使我非常害怕。即時演練1用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空holly, who is from australia, has a good co

6、mmand of chinese.the dictionary, which our teacher bought yesterday, is helpful to us.his parents wouldnt marry her to anyone whose family was poor。finally the thief handed in everything that he had stolen to the police.this was the reason why he was late yesterday。二、限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的用法比較1形式不同限制性定語從

7、句和主句之間沒有逗號；非限制性定語從句必須用逗號與主句隔開。here is the man who has been punished by the boss.這就是那個被老板懲罰的人.（限制性定語從句)the project， which lasted three years, cost no less than $1 billion。這個工程歷時三年，耗資多達(dá)十億美元。（非限制性定語從句)2先行詞不同限制性定語從句的先行詞只能是一個名詞或代詞，而非限制性定語從句的先行詞可以是一個詞,也可以是整個主句。試比較:this is the best novel that i have ever r

8、ead.這是我曾經(jīng)看過的最好的小說。（限制性定語從句,先行詞是novel）the novel, which i read last night, is very interesting.我昨天晚上看過那部小說了，它非常有意思。(非限制性定語從句,先行詞為novel)the novel is very interesting， which makes me very excited。那部小說很有意思，這讓我很興奮。（非限制性定語從句，which指代前面整句話的內(nèi)容）3關(guān)系詞的使用情況不同(1)that， why不可用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指物時要用which代替that， for which代

9、替whymost people didnt vote for him， which disappointed him.大多數(shù)人沒有投票支持他，這使他感到失望。i have told them the reason,for which i changed my mind。我已經(jīng)告訴了他們我改變主意的原因。（2）關(guān)系代詞替代情況不同關(guān)系代詞whom在限制性定語從句中作賓語時可用who代替，但在非限制性定語從句中作賓語時不可用who代替.this is the man (whom/who/that) we are talking about。這就是我們正在談?wù)摰哪莻€人。(限制性定語從句）the yo

10、ung man had a new girlfriend, whom he wanted to impress。這位年輕人新交了一個女朋友，他想給她留下印象.(非限制性定語從句）在限制性定語從句中，先行詞指人時可以用that引導(dǎo)，但在非限制性定語從句中先行詞指人時,關(guān)系代詞只能用who或whom。she has a younger brother,who is an english teacher。她有一個弟弟,他是一名英語老師。（3)關(guān)系代詞省略情況不同關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語從句中作賓語時可省略，而非限制性定語從句的所有關(guān)系代詞均不可省略。this is a good film (which/

11、that） i saw a few days ago.這是我?guī)滋烨翱催^的一部好影片.(限制性定語從句）the summer holiday， which were looking forward to， is drawing near。 我們盼望的暑假就要來了。(非限制性定語從句）即時演練2（1）寫出下列句子中which指代的內(nèi)容mike sold his old furniture， which made his father angry.which 指代mike_sold_his_old_furniturethe house which i bought last month has a

12、lovely garden.which 指代the_house(2）補(bǔ)全句子her sister, who_teaches_us_english，_will go abroad next year.她的姐姐教我們英語，明年將出國。here is mr. white， whom_youve_been_waiting_for a long time.這就是懷特先生,你等了很久的人。she has found the necklace (that）_she_lost_two_weeks_ago。她找到了那條兩周前丟失的項鏈。.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空1this is the room where my g

13、randma used to live。2this is the room that/which my grandma used to live in.3mr green said that suzhou was the first city that he had visited in china.4as is known to us all, the rare vase dates back to the ming dynasty。5the boy who i though to be honest lied to me.6i， who is your good friend， will

14、of course try my best to help you out。7this was the reason why he took apart the machine。8this is the farm where we picked apples last year。9do you still remember the summer holiday when we made a journey to beijing?10the famous singer, who is from britain, has a number of devoted fans in china.11th

15、e old man has two daughters， both of whom work as doctors.12she has several balls， the largest of which is the blue one.。單句寫作1they went to the british museum， where_they_saw_many_famous_artists_paintings （在那里他們看到了許多著名藝術(shù)家的畫作）2as_is_known_to_us_all （眾所周知）, books are the source of knowledge.3i dont kno

16、w the reason why_he_didnt_come_to_school_as_usual (他為什么沒有照常來學(xué)校）4he is such a man as_is_always_active_and_warm。hearted(一直積極并且熱心的)5taobao is a website where_you_can_buy_what_you_want （在那里你可以買到你想要的東西） at a good price.6the school shop, whose_customers_are_mainly_students(主要顧客是學(xué)生), is closed for the holi

17、days.7he failed in the exam again， which_surprised_his_parents（這使他的父母很吃驚）8do you know the number of people who_lost_their_lives(失去了他們的生命） in the traffic accident?9the reason why_he_missed_the_class (他為什么誤了課) was quite different from the one that you explained to me。10it rained hard yesterday， which_

18、prevented/stopped_me_from_going_to_the_park (這阻止了我去公園).語段填空(用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空)the very film 1.that is called titanic is such a beautiful and sad love story 2.as is popular with the public, 3.whose hero and heroine are jack and rose。 rose is a young beautiful woman with 4.whom her mother went to america。 jack， 5。who won a ship ticket by